JP2021009164A - State evaluation apparatus of test object - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve accuracy and efficiency of state evaluation/determination of a test object.SOLUTION: A microphone 22 detects hammering sound generated when a surface of an exterior material 2 bonded to a building frame is hit with a hammer 2004; a hammering waveform generation section 34 generates, from a detection signal of the microphone 22, a hammering sound detection waveform with an amplitude corresponding to hammering response sound of the exterior material 2; a sampling section 3602 samples, at predetermined sampling periods, hammering detection waveforms generated within a preset time from a time of starting to acquire the hammering sound detection waveforms calculated on the basis of a time at which a trigger instruction signal is received from a hammering vibration sampling section 40; further, an effective value calculation section 36 calculates a first effective value Arms1 on the basis of an instantaneous value obtained for each sampling; and the state of the test object is evaluated on the basis of a comparison result of the first effective value Arms1 with a first threshold.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a state evaluation device for an inspection object that evaluates the state of an inspection object that is an exterior material such as an outer wall tile that constitutes the surface of a building.

Various methods for diagnosing the state of the building have been proposed in order to prevent peeling and peeling of the exterior material (outer wall material) constituting the surface of the building.
For example, Patent Document 1 describes a crest factor (peak ratio: ratio of peak value of waveform to effective value: peak value / effective value) obtained from reflected sound obtained when a target tile is hit by a striking means. Diagnose the quality of the adhesion state of the exterior material based on the comparison result with the predetermined value, or adhere the exterior material based on the comparison result between the expected frequency obtained from the reflected sound based on the mathematical formula and the expected frequency in the sound tile. A method of diagnosing the quality of the condition is disclosed.
Further, Patent Document 2 describes a method of discriminating between a portion having a peeling or a cavity and a portion having no cavity by using the fundamental frequency included in the first waveform of the response sound obtained by hitting the surface of the inspection object as a determination criterion. It is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 2906973 Japanese Patent No. 3922459

However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to calculate special values such as a crest factor and an expected frequency from the reflected sound (or response sound) obtained by hitting the exterior material, and the processing is complicated. In addition, it takes time to diagnose the quality of the adhesive state of the exterior material, and the configuration of the device for diagnosing is complicated and expensive.
Further, since the technique described in Patent Document 2 targets only the wavelength, the difference in wavelength (fundamental frequency) is unlikely to appear depending on the inspection target object, which is disadvantageous in accurately evaluating the inspection target object. ..
Therefore, there is room for improvement in shortening the time required for evaluating the condition of the inspection object, simplifying the equipment required for diagnosis, and accurately performing the condition of the outer surface of the building.

In particular, in the state evaluation method of the inspection object shown in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, if the type of tile, the tile sticking method, the laminated structure of the sticking material, the peeling depth of the sticking material, etc. are different, there is no peeling and soundness. There is a problem that it is not possible to accurately determine the end of the healthy portion of the portion, the peeled portion and the healthy portion that is close to the peeled portion, and the end of the peeled portion that is close to the healthy portion of the peeled portion.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to efficiently analyze in order to contribute to the improvement of the accuracy and efficiency of the tapping method, and to inspect objects such as tiles constituting the surface of the building. Even if the type, attachment method of the inspection object, or the properties of the peeled part of the inspection object are different, the evaluation and judgment of the condition of the inspection object including the presence or absence of peeling of the inspection object can be performed accurately and with high efficiency. The purpose is to provide a condition evaluation device for an inspection object.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a housing having an opening and a striking portion that is arranged inside the housing and that appears and disappears from the opening to hit an inspection object outside the housing. A first microphone arranged outside the housing and generating a first detection signal, a second microphone arranged outside the housing and generating a second detection signal, and the first microphone. A first striking sound type generating unit that generates a first tapping sound detection waveform based on the detection signal of 1, and a second striking sound that generates a second tapping sound detection waveform based on the second detection signal. A sound wave generation unit, a first effective value calculation unit that calculates a first effective value based on the first tapping sound detection waveform, and a second effective value based on the second tapping sound detection waveform. A second effective value calculation unit for calculating the above value, and an evaluation unit for inputting the first effective value and the second effective value are provided, and the inspection object is to be inspected based on the first effective value. Of the above, the state of the first portion facing the first microphone is evaluated, and based on the second effective value, the second portion of the inspection object facing the second microphone. It is characterized by evaluating the state of.

According to the present invention, the first effective is from the amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform generated within a preset time on the time axis of the tapping sound detection waveform generated when the surface of the inspection object is hit with the striking hammer. The value was obtained, and the state of the inspection object was evaluated based on the comparison result between the first effective value and the first threshold value determined in advance based on the first effective value.
Therefore, even if the type of inspection object such as tiles that make up the surface of the building, the method of attaching the inspection object, or the properties of the peeled part of the inspection object are different, the evaluation of the state including the presence or absence of peeling of the inspection object. It is possible to make a judgment with high accuracy and high efficiency.
According to the present invention, it is advantageous in improving the determination accuracy of the state of the inspection object including the presence or absence of peeling of the inspection object.
According to the present invention, it is possible to specify the sampling start time of the tapping sound detection waveform, and accordingly, the type of the inspection target, the method of attaching the inspection target, or the property of the peeled portion of the inspection target are different. However, it is advantageous in calculating an effective value effective for evaluating and determining the state of the inspection object including the determination of the presence or absence of peeling with high accuracy.
According to the present invention, a second effective value corrected for variation in striking force is calculated by dividing the effective value by the maximum amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform, and based on the second effective value and the second effective value. Since the state of the inspection object is evaluated based on the comparison result with the second threshold value set in advance, the state evaluation of the inspection object including the presence / absence judgment of peeling is not affected by the variation of the striking force. It is advantageous in improving the stability and accuracy of the.
According to the present invention, it is possible to visually confirm the evaluation result of the state of the inspection object including the presence or absence of peeling of the inspection object to the building frame, which is advantageous in improving the work efficiency.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the inspection object state evaluation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a longitudinal side view of the detection unit of the inspection object condition evaluation apparatus. It is a bottom view of the detection unit seen from the direction of arrow A of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the exterior material evaluated by the inspection object state evaluation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (A) to (D) are waveforms showing a hitting sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to each hitting response sound in each of the healthy portion, the healthy portion end portion, the peeled portion end portion, and the peeled portion indicating the state of the exterior material. It is a figure. It is an operation flowchart of the inspection object state evaluation apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (A) and (B) are explanatory waveform diagrams for obtaining the first effective value from the amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform generated within a preset time. It is a bar graph which shows the tendency of the parameter of the maximum amplitude Amax of each tapping sound detection waveform in the sound part, the sound part end part, the peeling part end part and the peeling part which shows the state of an exterior material. It is a bar graph which shows the tendency of the parameter of each 1st effective value Arms1 in the sound part, the sound part end part, the peeling part end part and the peeling part which shows the state of an exterior material. It is a graph which shows the transition of the determination accuracy of the peeling part correct answer rate and the sound part correct answer rate of the exterior material including the sound part end part and the peeling part end part. It is a graph which shows the transition of the determination accuracy of the peeling part correct answer rate and the sound part correct answer rate of the exterior material excluding the sound part end part and the peeling part end part. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the inspection object state evaluation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a side view of the detection unit of the inspection object state evaluation apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 13 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. It is a B arrow view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which evaluates the adhesive state such as peeling of the exterior material such as the tile of the building outer surface part which is an inspection object, using the state evaluation apparatus shown in 2nd Embodiment.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a state evaluation device for an inspection object (hereinafter referred to as a state evaluation device) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, the configuration of the state evaluation device 10 shown in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the present embodiment, a case where the state evaluation device 10 evaluates the state of the outer surface of the building, which is the object to be inspected, that is, the adhesive state such as floating or peeling of the exterior material such as tiles will be described.
In the present specification, the inspection target is a building or a structure, and when the inspection target is a building, the inspection target is, for example, an indoor floor, ceiling, wall surface, in addition to the outer surface of the building. It includes a wide range of indoor concrete skeletons.
Further, in the present specification, the outer surface of the building means the outer surface of the building located on the outermost side of the building, and the outer surface of the building is added to the outer surface of the building when exterior materials such as tiles and mortar are not provided. , Including the internal condition near the outer surface of this building. In addition, when exterior materials such as tiles and mortar are provided, the outer surface of the building is not only the surface of the exterior material, but also the exterior material part inside the surface of the exterior material and the building frame inside the exterior material. It shall include the surface and the interior near the surface.
In FIG. 1, the state evaluation device 10 is composed of a detection unit 12 and a main body unit 14.
The detection unit 12 is used by being held by an operator and applied to the surface of the exterior material 2 whose state should be evaluated, and the main body unit 14 represents a tapping sound or vibration detected by the detection unit 12. The state of the exterior material 2 (presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2, the end of the sound portion, the end of the peeled portion, etc.) is evaluated based on the signal.
The detection unit 12 and the main body unit 14 are connected by a cable 11 that transmits a signal via the connection unit 1102 (see FIG. 2).

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the detection unit 12 includes a housing 16, a base 18, a striking portion 20, a microphone 22, a striking hammer vibration sensor 24, and a marking portion 26. ..
The base 18 has a rectangular flat plate shape, and can move on the surface of the exterior material 2 with the lower surface of the base 18 in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2.
The housing 16 includes four side walls 1602, 1604, 1606, 1608 that stand up from the four sides of the base 18, and a top plate 1610 that connects the upper portions of the four side walls 1602, 1604, 1606, 1608.
The base 18 is provided with a first opening 1802 in which the striking hammer 2004 described later appears and a second opening 1804 in which the stamp 2604 described later appears.

As shown in FIG. 2, the striking portion 20 includes a solenoid main body 2002 and a striking hammer 2004.
The solenoid body 2002 is installed on a base 1612 installed on the base 18 in the housing 16.
The solenoid body 2002 has a plunger 2006 provided so that the base 18 can move in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the exterior material 2 with the base 18 in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2, and the plunger 2006 is retracted (non-impact position). It is equipped with a spring 2008 that returns to.
The plunger 2006 is moved toward the surface of the exterior material 2 against the return spring 2008 by supplying a drive current to the coil of the solenoid body 2002, and retracts by the return spring 2008 when the supply of the drive current is stopped. It is configured to be moved back to the edge.
As shown in FIG. 2, the striking hammer 2004 is provided at the lower end of the plunger 2006, and appears and disappears through the first opening 1802 of the base 18 due to the vertical movement of the plunger 2006.
With the lower surface of the base 18 in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2, the plunger 2006 moves to the protruding position through the first opening 1802, so that the striking hammer 2004 strikes the surface of the exterior material 2 and supplies a driving current. When the plunger 2006 is stopped, the plunger 2006 is moved to the retracted end by the return spring 2008, so that the striking hammer 2004 is separated from the surface of the exterior material 2.

The microphone 22 collects the impact response sound of the exterior material 2 generated by the impact of the impact hammer 2004 and converts it into an electric signal.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the microphone 22 is arranged at a certain distance (for example, 53 mm) from the hitting point of the hitting hammer 2004 on the exterior material 2, and further, the side wall 1602 constituting the housing 16 It is attached to the lower part of the outer surface via the anti-vibration rubber 2202.
In the present embodiment, the case where the distance from the striking point to the microphone 22 is 53 mm will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the distance may be 100 mm or less. Further, it is desirable that the height from the surface of the exterior material 2 to the microphone 22 is, for example, about 5 mm.

As shown in FIG. 2, the striking hammer vibration sensor 24 is attached to the striking hammer 2004, detects the vibration of the striking hammer 2004 generated by the striking of the striking hammer 2004 on the exterior material 2, and generates a detection signal corresponding to the vibration. Is what you do. As such a striking hammer vibration sensor 24, various conventionally known sensors such as a piezoelectric element can be used.

As shown in FIG. 2, the marking unit 26 includes a solenoid main body 2602 and a stamp 2604.
The solenoid body 2602 is installed on a base 1612 installed on the base 18 in the housing 16.
The solenoid body 2602 has a marking rod 2606 that is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction orthogonal to the surface of the exterior material 2 with the base 18 in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2, and a receding end (non-retracting end) of the marking rod 2606. It is provided with a return spring 2608 that returns to the stamped position).
The marking rod 2606 is moved toward the surface of the exterior material 2 against the return spring 2608 by supplying a drive current to the coil of the solenoid main body 2602, and the return spring 2608 stops the supply of the drive current. It is configured to return and move to the retracted end.
As shown in FIG. 2, the stamp 2604 is attached to the lower end of the marking rod 2606, and appears and disappears through the second opening 1804 of the base 18 due to the movement of the marking rod 2606.
The stamp 2604 has a printed surface for imprinting a mark having a predetermined shape, and is impregnated with ink in advance. The printed surface of the stamp 2604 comes into contact with the surface of the exterior material 2 and is stamped to form a mark having a predetermined shape. The surface of the exterior material 2 is marked.
When a drive current is supplied to the coil of the solenoid body 2602 with the lower surface of the base 18 in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2, the marking rod 2606 is directed toward the surface of the exterior material 2 from the second opening 1804 of the base 18. By moving to the protruding position, the stamp 2604 comes into contact with the surface of the exterior material 2, and when the supply of the drive current to the coil of the solenoid body 2602 is stopped, the marking rod 2006 is moved to the retracted end by the return spring 2608, and the stamp 2604 is the exterior. Separate from the surface of the material 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the main body unit 14 includes a striking drive unit 30, an operation unit 32, a striking sound wave generation unit 34, an effective value calculation unit 36 with a sampling unit 3602, and a striking hammer vibration detection unit 38. A striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40, an evaluation unit 42, an output unit 44, and a marking drive unit 46 are included.

The striking drive unit 30 supplies a drive current to the coil of the solenoid main body 2002.
The operation unit 32 is operated by an operator to instruct the striking drive unit 30 to supply a drive current to the coil, and is composed of a push button switch or the like.

The sound wave type generation unit 34 generates an electric signal from the microphone 22 into a sound wave detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the impact response sound of the exterior material 2.

In the effective value calculation unit 36 with the sampling unit 3602, the sampling unit 3602 generates a striking sound wave shape within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms) from the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform, for example. The tapping sound detection waveform generated by the unit 34 is sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency (for example, 500 kHz) to obtain an instantaneous value, and the effective value calculation unit 36 obtains each of the sampling units 3602. The first effective value Arms1 is obtained by taking the square root of the mean value of the square of the instantaneous value.

The striking hammer vibration detection unit 38 detects the vibration of the striking hammer 2004 generated when the striking hammer 2004 strikes the exterior material 2 and generates a striking hammer vibration detection waveform.
The striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 obtains an instantaneous value (amplitude) by sampling the striking hammer vibration detection waveform generated by the striking hammer vibration detecting unit 38 at a predetermined sampling frequency.
Here, the time when the instantaneous value (amplitude) of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform reaches a predetermined threshold value is defined as the threshold value arrival time, and the time point retroactive from the threshold value arrival time by a preset time is acquired as the tapping sound detection waveform. When the start time is set, the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 outputs as a trigger command signal for starting sampling to the sampling unit 3602 of the effective value calculation unit 36 at a time point set in advance from the acquisition start time. The instantaneous value sampled by the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is supplied to the evaluation unit 42 as amplitude data.
In other words, the sampling start time of the tapping sound detection waveform by the sampling unit 3602 is a time point after a predetermined fixed time from the acquisition start time.

The tapping sound detection waveform may be sampled by the sampling unit 3602 as follows.
When the time point at which the amplitude of the hitting hammer vibration detection waveform becomes the maximum value is set as the reference time, the hitting hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is set to a time point after a predetermined time from the reference time or a predetermined time from the reference time. It is output as a trigger command signal for starting sampling to the sampling unit 3602 of the effective value calculation unit 36 at a time retroactive to a certain time, and the instantaneous value sampled by the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is supplied to the evaluation unit 42 as amplitude data. ..
In other words, the sampling start time of the tapping sound detection waveform by the sampling unit 3602 is a time point after a predetermined fixed time from the reference time, or a time point retroactively from the reference time by a predetermined fixed time.

The evaluation unit 42 determines the state of the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result between the first effective value Arms1 calculated by the effective value calculation unit 36 and the first threshold value predetermined based on the first effective value Arms1. From the first evaluation function to be evaluated and the amplitude data supplied from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40, the data of the maximum amplitude Pmax is extracted, and the first effective value Arms1 calculated by the effective value calculation unit 36 is maximized. The second effective value Arms2, in which the variation in striking force is corrected (averaged), is calculated by dividing by the amplitude Pmax, and the second effective value Arms2 and the predetermined second threshold value based on the second effective value Arms2 are obtained. It has a second evaluation function for evaluating the state of the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result.
The first evaluation function and the second evaluation function are configured to be switchable by a switching command from the keyboard or mouse of the evaluation unit 42 composed of a computer, and the first evaluation function is particularly required when the evaluation determination accuracy of the exterior material 2 is required. The second evaluation function may be activated, and if the evaluation determination accuracy is not required so much, the first evaluation function may be activated.

The output unit 44 outputs the determination result of the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 by the evaluation unit 42, and the appearance result of the peeling boundary between the sound portion and the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 by the evaluation unit 42.
The following is exemplified as the output unit 44.
A display device that displays the judgment result and the position detection result.
A printer device that prints judgment results and position detection results on print media.
A recording device that records the determination result and the position detection result on a recording medium.
A communication device that transmits judgment results and position detection results to various terminal devices and data loggers via a communication line.

The marking drive unit 46 supplies a drive current to the coil of the solenoid body 2602.
When the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 is peeled off, the evaluation unit 42 controls the marking drive unit 46 to drive the solenoid main body 2602, and stamps the surface of the exterior material 2 with the stamp 2604. That is, it is configured to mark the portion of the exterior material 2 corresponding to the evaluation result based on the evaluation result of the state of the exterior material 2 by the evaluation unit 42.

The evaluation unit 42 can be configured by a computer.
The computer has a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk device, a keyboard, a mouse, a display device, an input / output interface, and the like.
The ROM stores a predetermined control program and the like, and the RAM provides a working area.
The hard disk device stores a control program for realizing the evaluation unit 42.
The keyboard and mouse accept operation input by the operator.
The display device displays an image, and is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display device. The display device can function as the output unit 44.

Here, see FIGS. 4 and 5 regarding the relationship between the amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the hammering sound wave generation unit 34 and the sound portion, the sound portion end portion, the peeled portion end portion, and the peeled portion of the exterior material 2. I will explain.
FIG. 4 shows a test piece of the exterior material 2 made of two-chome tiles, and the portion shown by the satin finish represents the peeling region 100 of the exterior material 2.
In FIG. 4, the sound portion refers to the tile 2A in which the entire area of the tile is adhered to the building frame and exists outside the peeling region 100. The sound portion end portion refers to a tile 2B in which most of the tiles are adhered to the building frame and a part of the tiles overlap with the peeling region 100 in a close state. Further, the peeled portion end portion refers to a tile 2C in which most of the tiles are in close proximity to the peeled region 100 and a part of the tiles are adhered to the building frame. Further, the peeled portion refers to a tile 2D in which the entire area of the tile is peeled from the building frame and exists in the peeled region 100.

FIG. 5 shows an impact generated when the sound portion tile 2A, the sound portion end portion tile 2B, the peel portion end portion tile 2C, and the peel portion tile 2D are impacted by the impact hammer 2004 of the impact portion 20 shown in FIG. The amplitude waveform of the response sound is shown. FIG. 5A shows the tapping sound amplitude waveform of the tile 2A which is the sound part, and FIG. 5B shows the tapping sound amplitude waveform of the tile 2B which is the end part of the sound part. FIG. 5C shows the tapping amplitude waveform of the tile 2C which is the end portion of the peeling portion, and FIG. 5D shows the tapping amplitude waveform of the tile 2D which is the peeling portion.
The first effective value obtained from the striking amplitude waveform of the striking response sound of the sound portion, the end portion of the sound portion, the end portion of the peeled portion, and the peeled portion, and a threshold value predetermined based on these first execution values. It becomes possible to evaluate the state of the exterior material 2 including the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result of.

Next, the operation of the state evaluation device 10 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, the operator brings the base 18 of the detection unit 12 into contact with the surface of the exterior material 2 to be evaluated (step S10).
Next, the operator operates the operation unit 32 (step S12), whereby the striking hammer 2004 of the striking unit 20 strikes the surface of the exterior material 2 (step S14).
The striking sound generated by the striking portion 20 striking the surface of the exterior material 2 is detected by the microphone 22, and the detection signal detected by the microphone 22 corresponds to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2 by the striking sound wave generation unit 34. It is generated in the tapping sound detection waveform of the amplitude to be performed. The sampling unit 3602 is set to a preset time (for example, 0.2) from the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal for sampling start is received from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40. The tapping sound detection waveform generated within ~ 0.4 ms) is sampled at a predetermined sampling cycle, and the effective value calculation unit 36 calculates the first effective value Arms1 based on the instantaneous value obtained for each sampling. It is supplied to the evaluation unit 42 (step S16).
The evaluation unit 42 determines whether or not the exterior material 2 is peeled off based on the comparison result between the first effective value Arms1 and the first threshold value or the comparison result between the second effective value Arms2 and the second threshold value (step S18). ).
The output unit 44 outputs a determination result of presence / absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 from the evaluation unit 42, and further, when the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 hit by the striking hammer has peeling, The stamp 2604 of the marking portion 26 is driven to stamp a portion on the surface of the exterior material 2 having peeling (step S20).
The time for sampling the tapping sound detection waveform for calculating the effective value Arms1 is 0.2 to 0 from the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform as a section within one wavelength of the first wave of the tapping sound detection waveform. When the interval of .4 ms was set, it was found that the sound part and the peeled part could be distinguished with extremely high accuracy as shown in FIGS. 9, 10 and 11.

Next, a case where the hitting sound detection waveform having the amplitude corresponding to the hitting response sound generated by the hitting sound wave generation unit 34 is sampled to obtain the first effective value will be described with reference to FIG. 7.
The waveform shown in FIG. 7 (A) is a striking response sound wave type (corresponding to the striking amplitude waveform of the peeled portion shown in FIG. 5 (D)) in which the exterior material 2 is peeled off from the building frame. The waveform shown in (B) is the maximum amplitude waveform (Pmax) of the striking force of the striking portion 20 by the striking hammer 2004.
When obtaining the first effective value Arms1 from the impact response sound of the peeled exterior material 2, the instantaneous value obtained by sampling the impact hammer vibration detection waveform from the impact hammer vibration detection unit 38 with the impact hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is obtained. When a predetermined threshold is reached, a trigger command signal is supplied from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 to the sampling unit 3602 of the effective value calculation unit 36. Along with this, in the sampling unit 3602, the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the tapping sound wave generation unit 34 is preset from the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command is received. Sampling is performed at a predetermined sampling cycle over a period of time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms). Then, the instantaneous value obtained for each sampling is supplied to the effective value calculation unit 36, and the effective value calculation unit 36 obtains the first effective value Arms1.
In such a calculation process of the first effective value Arms1, the tapping sound amplitude waveform of the sound portion of the exterior material 2 shown in FIG. 5 (A) and the tapping sound of the end portion of the sound portion of the exterior material 2 shown in FIG. 5 (B) are performed. The same applies to the amplitude waveform and the tapping sound amplitude waveform at the end of the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 shown in FIG. 5 (C).

Next, FIGS. 8 and 9 will be described.
FIG. 8 shows the tile 2A of the sound portion, the tile 2B of the end of the sound portion, the tile 2C of the end of the peeled portion, and the tile of the peeled portion when evaluating the state of the exterior material based on the maximum amplitude Amax of the tapping sound detection waveform. The tendency of each parameter in 2D is represented by a bar graph.
As is clear from this bar graph, the maximum amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform in the tiles at the healthy part and the end of the healthy part is very small, but the tile at the end of the peeled part is also very similar to the tile at the end of the healthy part. In addition to the tapping sound detection waveform having a small amplitude, as shown in FIG. 8, the tapping sound detection waveform a having an amplitude exceeding the amplitude of the tile 2C at the end of the peeled portion can be seen in the tile 2B at the end of the sound portion.
As a result, when the threshold value for the maximum amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform is set to be equal to or larger than the amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform a at the sound portion and the end portion of the sound portion, the tile at the end portion of the peeled portion is evaluated as a healthy portion. , The evaluation accuracy of the condition of the exterior material will be lowered. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the effective value of the tapping sound detection waveform is obtained, and the state of the exterior material is evaluated based on this effective value.

FIG. 9 shows the tile 2A of the sound portion, the tile 2B of the end of the sound portion, the tile 2C of the end of the peeled portion, and the peeled portion when the state of the exterior material is evaluated based on the first effective value Arms1 of the tapping sound detection waveform. It is a bar graph showing the tendency of each parameter in the tile 2D of. As is clear from this bar graph, there is no tapping sound detection waveform having an amplitude exceeding the edge of the peeled portion at the end of the sound portion.
As a result, the threshold value can be set to be equal to or less than the tapping sound detection waveform a of the sound portion and the end portion of the sound portion, and the evaluation accuracy of the state of the exterior material can be improved.

Next, FIGS. 10 and 11 will be described.
FIG. 10 shows the exterior with the first effective value Arms1, the second effective value Arms2, and the maximum amplitude Amax of the tapping sound detection waveform, which are parameters for evaluating the state of the exterior material when the sound portion end portion and the peeled portion end portion are included. It is a graph showing the transition of the evaluation judgment accuracy of the material, the vertical axis shows the peeling part correct answer rate (%), and the horizontal axis shows the sound part correct answer rate (%).
FIG. 11 shows the first effective value Arms1, the second effective value Arms2, and the maximum amplitude Amax of the tapping sound detection waveform, which are parameters for evaluating the state of the exterior material when the sound portion end portion and the peeled portion end portion are excluded. It is a graph showing the transition of the evaluation judgment accuracy of the exterior material, the vertical axis shows the peeling part correct answer rate (%), and the horizontal axis shows the sound part correct answer rate (%).

In FIG. 10, the curve shown by the solid line shows the case where the second threshold value T2 of the second effective value Arms2 is set to T2 = 0.03 and the exterior material is evaluated based on the second threshold value T2 and the second effective value Arms2. The curve showing the transition of the correct answer rate of the peeled part and the correct answer rate of the sound part shows, for example, the first threshold value T1 of the first effective value Arms1 is T1 = 0.0215, and the first threshold value T1 and the first effective value Arms1 The transition of the correct answer rate of the peeled part and the correct answer rate of the sound part when the exterior material is evaluated based on the above is shown, and the curve shown by the two-point chain line shows, for example, the third threshold value T3 of the maximum amplitude Amax of the tapping sound detection waveform T3. = 0.16, and shows the transition of the correct answer rate of the peeled portion and the correct answer rate of the sound portion when the exterior material is evaluated based on the third threshold value T3 and the maximum amplitude Amax.
That is, as is clear from FIG. 10, the percentage of correct answers in the peeled portion and the percentage of correct answers in the sound portion when the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the first effective value Arms1 and the first threshold value T1 (T1 = 0.0215) are , It is significantly higher than the peeled part correct answer rate and the sound part correct answer rate when the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the maximum amplitude Amax and the third threshold value T3 (T3 = 0.16), and the first effective The state determination accuracy of the exterior material 2 at the value Arms 1 can be significantly improved.
Further, when the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the second effective value Arms2 and the second threshold value T2 (T2 = 0.03), the peeled portion correct answer rate and the sound portion correct answer rate are the first effective value Arms1 and the first. When the condition of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the 1 threshold value T1 (T1 = 0.0215), the rate of correct answers for the peeled portion and the percentage of correct answers for the sound portion are higher than the correct answer rate of the peeled portion and the end of the peeled portion. The decrease in judgment accuracy of the exterior material can be minimized. As a result, the state determination accuracy of the exterior material 2 at the second effective value Arms 2 can be further improved. Incidentally, when the state of the exterior material 2 was determined based on the second effective value Arms2, it was confirmed that the correct answer rate of the peeled portion and the correct answer rate of the sound portion could be 97% or more.
In this way, it was found that by setting the time for calculating the effective value Arms1 to 0.2 to 0.4 ms from the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform, it is possible to distinguish between the sound part and the peeled part with high accuracy. ..

In FIG. 11, the curve shown by the solid line shows the case where the second threshold value T2 of the second effective value Arms2 is set to T2 = 0.03 and the exterior material is evaluated based on the second threshold value T2 and the second effective value Arms2. The curve showing the transition of the correct answer rate of the peeled part and the correct answer rate of the sound part shows, for example, the first threshold value T1 of the first effective value Arms1 is T1 = 0.0215, and the first threshold value T1 and the first effective value Arms1 The transition of the correct answer rate of the peeled part and the correct answer rate of the sound part when the exterior material is evaluated based on the above is shown, and the curve shown by the two-point chain line shows, for example, the third threshold value T3 of the maximum amplitude Amax of the tapping sound detection waveform. = 0.16, and shows the transition of the correct answer rate of the peeled portion and the correct answer rate of the sound portion when the exterior material is evaluated based on the third threshold value T3 and the maximum amplitude Amax.
When the exterior material 2 is evaluated and judged, when the sound portion end portion and the peeled portion end portion are excluded, as is clear from FIG. 11, the peeled portion correct answer rate can be set to 99.7% or more. In addition, it was confirmed that the correct answer rate for the sound part can be set to 100%.

According to the state evaluation device 10 shown in the first embodiment, the hitting sound generated when the surface of the exterior material 2 adhered to the building frame is hit with the hitting hammer 2004 is detected by the microphone 22 and is detected by the microphone 22. The detected detection signal is generated by the striking sound type generation unit 34 into a striking sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2, and is based on the time when the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. From the acquisition start time of the calculated tapping sound detection waveform, the tapping sound detection waveform generated within a preset time is sampled by the sampling unit 3602 in a preset sampling cycle, and further, the effective value calculation unit 36 , The first effective value Arms1 is calculated based on the instantaneous value obtained for each sampling, and the exterior is based on the comparison result between the first effective value Arms1 and the predetermined first threshold value based on the first effective value Arms1. The state of the material 2 was evaluated.
Therefore, even if the type of exterior material 2 such as tiles constituting the surface of the building, the method of attaching the exterior material 2 or the properties of the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 are different, the evaluation of the state including the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 is included. The determination accuracy of the exterior material 2 can be improved, and the evaluation efficiency of the exterior material 2 can be improved.
Further, according to the first embodiment, the sampling unit indicates the time when the amplitude of the impact hammer vibration detection waveform detected by the impact hammer vibration detection unit 38 reaches a predetermined threshold value after the impact unit 20 is activated. Since the sampling start time of the tapping sound detection waveform by 3602 is set, even if the type of exterior material 2, the method of attaching the exterior material 2 or the properties of the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 are different, the presence or absence of peeling is performed with high accuracy. It is advantageous in calculating the first effective value that is effective for the evaluation determination of the state of the exterior material 2 including the determination.
Further, according to the first embodiment, the second effective value in which the variation in the striking force is corrected is calculated by dividing the first effective value by the maximum amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform, and the second effective value is calculated. Since the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the above, it is advantageous in improving the stability and accuracy of the state evaluation of the exterior material 2 including the determination of the presence or absence of peeling without being affected by the variation in the striking force. It becomes.
Further, according to the first embodiment, when the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 hit by the striking hammer has peeling, the marking portion 26 is driven to drive the surface of the exterior material 2 having peeling. Since the stamp is stamped on the part of the exterior material 2, the evaluation result of the state of the exterior material 2 including the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 from the building frame can be visually confirmed, which is advantageous in improving work efficiency. ..

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15.
The second embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and the first embodiment is configured to detect the impact response sound of the exterior material by using a plurality of microphones, for example, four microphones. Is different.
In FIG. 1, the state evaluation device 10 shown in the second embodiment is composed of a detection unit 12 and a main body unit 14.
The detection unit 12 is used by being held by an operator and applied to the surface of the exterior material 2 whose state should be evaluated, and the main body unit 14 represents a tapping sound or vibration detected by the detection unit 12. The state of the exterior material 2 (healthy portion, sound portion end portion, peeled portion step portion, peeled portion, etc.) of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the signal.
The detection unit 12 and the main body unit 14 are connected by a cable 11 for transmitting a signal.

As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15, the detection unit 12 includes a housing 16, a base 18, a striking portion 20, a first microphone 22A, a second microphone 22B, and a third microphone 22C. A fourth microphone 22D, a striking hammer vibration sensor 24, and a marking portion 26 are included.
Since the housing 16, the base 18, and the striking portion 20 in the second embodiment are configured in the same manner as the housing 16, the base 18, and the striking portion 20 shown in the first embodiment, the first embodiment. The same reference numerals as those shown in the above-described form are given, and the description of the configuration is omitted.

The first microphone 22A, the second microphone 22B, the third microphone 22C, and the fourth microphone 22D collect the hitting sound generated when the hitting hammer 2004 hits the surface of the exterior material 2 and detect the hitting sound corresponding to the hitting sound. A signal is generated, and the striking portion P1 (see FIG. 14) hitting the exterior material 2 by the striking hammer 2004 is centered and symmetrically arranged at an equidistant distance (for example, 53 mm) from the center. Specifically, they are arranged point-symmetrically on a circumference having a radius of 53 mm centered on the striking portion P1 at an angle of 90 ° to each other.
In the second embodiment, the case where the distance from the striking portion P1 to each microphone 22A to 22D is 53 mm will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the distance may be 100 mm or less.

Of the first microphone 22A, the second microphone 22B, the third microphone 22C, and the fourth microphone 22D arranged in this way, the first microphone 22A constitutes the housing 16 as shown in FIGS. 13 and 15. It is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the side wall 1602 on the front side via the anti-vibration rubber 22A1.
As shown in FIGS. 13 and 15, the second microphone 22B is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the side wall 1604 on the rear surface side constituting the housing 16 via the anti-vibration rubber 22B1.
As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the third microphone 22C is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the side wall 1608 on the left side constituting the housing 16 via the anti-vibration rubber 22C1.
As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the fourth microphone 22D is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the side wall 1610 on the right side of the housing 16 via the anti-vibration rubber 22D1.
In the second embodiment, a case where four microphones of the first microphone 22A, the second microphone 22B, the third microphone 22C, and the fourth microphone 22D are provided will be described, but the number of microphones is two or six or more. It may be the above.
Further, it is desirable that the height from the surface of the exterior material 2 to each microphone 22A to 22D is, for example, about 5 mm.

Since the striking hammer vibration sensor 24 in the second embodiment has the same configuration as the striking hammer vibration sensor 24 shown in the first embodiment, it has the same reference numerals as those shown in the first embodiment. The description of the configuration will be omitted.
Since the marking unit 26 in the second embodiment is configured in the same manner as the marking unit 26 shown in the first embodiment, it is designated by the same reference numerals as those shown in the first embodiment. The configuration description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 12, the main body unit 14 includes a drive unit 30, an operation unit 32, a first sound wave type generation unit 34A, a second sound wave type generation unit 34B, and a third sound wave type generation unit 34C. , The fourth sound wave type generation unit 34D, the first effective value calculation unit 36A with the sampling unit 3602A, the second effective value calculation unit 36B with the sampling unit 3602B, and the third effective value calculation with the sampling unit 3602C. A unit 36C, a fourth effective value calculation unit 36D with a sampling unit 3602D, a striking hammer vibration detection unit 38, a striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40, an evaluation unit 42, an output unit 44, and a marking drive unit 46. It is configured to include.

Since the impact drive unit 30 and the operation unit 32 in the second embodiment are configured in the same manner as the impact drive unit 30 and the operation unit 32 shown in the first embodiment, they are shown in the first embodiment. The same reference numerals are given as in the case, and the description of the configuration is omitted.
The first striking sound wave generation unit 34A generates an electric signal from the first microphone 22A into a striking sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2.
The second striking sound wave generation unit 34B generates an electric signal from the second microphone 22B into a striking sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2.
The third hammering sound wave generation unit 34C generates an electric signal from the third microphone 22C into a tapping sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the impact response sound of the exterior material 2.
The fourth hammering sound wave generation unit 34D generates an electric signal from the fourth microphone 22D into a tapping sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the impact response sound of the exterior material 2.

In the first effective value calculation unit 36A with the sampling unit 3602A, the sampling unit 3602A has, for example, the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. The tapping sound detection waveform generated by the first striking sound wave generation unit 34A within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms) is sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency (for example, 500 kHz). The first effective value calculation unit 36A obtains the first effective value Arms1 by taking the square root of the average value of the squares of the squares of each instantaneous value obtained by the sampling unit 3602A. ..
In the second effective value calculation unit 36B with the sampling unit 3602B, the sampling unit 3602B has, for example, the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. The tapping sound detection waveform generated by the second striking sound wave generation unit 34B within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms) is sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency (for example, 500 kHz). The second effective value calculation unit 36B obtains the first effective value Arms1 by taking the square root of the average value of the squares of the squares of each instantaneous value obtained by the sampling unit 3602B. ..
In the third effective value calculation unit 36C with the sampling unit 3602C, the sampling unit 3602C has, for example, the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. The tapping sound detection waveform generated by the third sound wave type generator 34C is sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency (for example, 500 kHz) within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms). The third effective value calculation unit 36C obtains the first effective value Arms1 by taking the square root of the average value of the squares of the squares of each instantaneous value obtained by the sampling unit 3602C. ..
In the fourth effective value calculation unit 36D with the sampling unit 3602D, the sampling unit 3602D has, for example, the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. The tapping sound detection waveform generated by the fourth sound wave type generator 34D within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms) is sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency (for example, 500 kHz). The fourth effective value calculation unit 36D obtains the first effective value Arms1 by taking the square root of the average value of the squares of the squares of each instantaneous value obtained by the sampling unit 3602D. ..

Since the striking hammer vibration detecting unit 38 in the second embodiment is configured in the same manner as the striking hammer vibration detecting unit 38 shown in the first embodiment, it is the same as the case shown in the first embodiment. Reference numerals will be given and the description of the configuration will be omitted.
In the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 of the second embodiment, an instantaneous value obtained by sampling the striking hammer vibration detection waveform generated by the striking hammer vibration detection unit 38 at a predetermined sampling frequency is predetermined. It is the same as the first embodiment in that it is configured to output as a trigger command signal when the threshold value is reached, but the difference from the first embodiment is that the impact hammer vibration sampling unit 40 The output trigger command signal is the sampling unit 3602A of the first effective value calculation unit 36A, the sampling unit 3602B of the second effective value calculation unit 36B, the sampling unit 3602C of the third effective value calculation unit 36C, and the fourth effective value calculation unit 36D. It is in the place where it is supplied as a trigger command signal for starting sampling to each of the sampling units 3602D of the above.
The instantaneous value sampled by the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is supplied to the evaluation unit 42 as amplitude data.

The evaluation unit 42 in the second embodiment is predetermined based on the respective first effective value Arms1 calculated by the first to fourth effective value calculation units 36A to 36D and the respective first effective value Arms1. From the first evaluation function that evaluates the state of the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result with the first threshold value and the amplitude data supplied from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40, the data of the maximum amplitude Pmax is extracted. The first effective value Arms1 calculated by the first to fourth effective value calculation units 36A to 36D is divided by the maximum amplitude Pmax to calculate the second effective value Arms2 in which the variation in the striking force is corrected (averaged). It has a second evaluation function for evaluating the state of the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result between the second effective value Arms 2 and the second threshold value predetermined based on the second effective value Arms 2.

Since the output unit 44 and the marking drive unit 46 in the second embodiment are configured in the same manner as the output unit 44 and the marking drive unit 46 shown in the first embodiment, they are shown in the first embodiment. The same reference numerals are given as in the case, and the description of the configuration is omitted.

Next, the operation of the state evaluation device 10 shown in the second embodiment will be described.
First, by operating the operating portion 32, the striking hammer 2004 of the striking portion 20 strikes the surface of the exterior material 2. As a result, each tapping sound transmitted to the portion facing the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D through the exterior material 2 is detected by the respective first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D, and further, each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D. The fourth striking sound wave generation units 34A to 34D generate a striking sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2.
After that, each of the sampling units 3602A to 3602D of the first to fourth effective value calculation units 36A to 36D receives a tapping sound calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal for starting sampling from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. From the acquisition start time of the detection waveform, the tapping sound detection waveform generated within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms) is sampled at a predetermined sampling cycle. Further, each of the first to fourth effective value calculation units 36A to 36D calculates the first effective value Arms1 based on the instantaneous value obtained for each sampling and supplies it to the evaluation unit 42.
The evaluation unit 42 uses the exterior material for each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D based on the comparison result between the first effective value Arms1 and the first threshold value or the comparison result between the second effective value Arms2 and the second threshold value. The presence or absence of peeling of 2 and the state of the exterior pair material 2 including the end of the sound portion and the end of the peeled portion are determined.
The output unit 44 outputs the determination result of the presence / absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 from the evaluation unit 42 and the state including the sound portion end portion and the peeled portion end portion. Further, when the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 hit by the striking hammer 2004 has peeling, or when the exterior material 2 has a sound portion end or a peeling portion end, the marking portion 26 The stamp 2604 is driven to stamp a portion on the surface of the exterior material 2 where there is peeling, or a portion having a sound portion end or a peeled portion end.

Next, in the case of evaluating the adhesive state such as floating or peeling of the exterior material such as tiles on the outer surface of the building, which is the inspection target, by using the state evaluation device 10 shown in the second embodiment, FIG. This will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 16, an exterior material 2 is provided on the outer surface of the concrete skeleton 4 of the building. The exterior material 2 includes a base mortar 202 provided in layers on the outer surface of the concrete skeleton 4, and a tile 206 attached to the outer surface of the base mortar 202 by a sticking material 204.
Further, FIG. 16 shows a case where the peeled portion 6 is generated between the outer surface of the concrete skeleton 4 and the underlying mortar 202, and the alternate long and short dash line L1 represents the boundary between the peeled portion 6 and the sound portion 8. ing.

As shown in FIG. 16A, when the impact point P1 on the exterior material 2 by the impact hammer 2004 of the state evaluation device 10 is inside the range of the peeling portion 6 from the boundary L1, the impact hammer 2004 is the exterior material 2. When the outer surface is hit, the hitting sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5A is generated in the sound portion 8. At the same time, the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5B is generated at the end of the sound portion near the boundary L1. Further, a tapping sound detection waveform having an amplitude shown in FIG. 5C, which is larger than the relative amplitude of the response sound of the sound portion 8, is generated at the end of the peeled portion near the boundary L1. Further, in the peeling portion 6, a tapping sound detection waveform having an amplitude shown in FIG. 5D, which is larger than the relative amplitude of the response sound at the end of the peeling portion, is generated.
Here, as shown in FIG. 16A, the first microphone 22A and the second microphone 22B attached to the housing 16 are located inside the range of the peeling portion 6 from the boundary L1. The first microphone 22A and the second microphone 22B pick up the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5D, and output a signal having a waveform corresponding to the amplitude. In this case, the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D also output signals having the same waveforms as the first microphone 22A and the second microphone 22B.
Further, when the evaluation unit 42 exerts the first evaluation function, it is calculated corresponding to each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D based on the signals detected by the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D. Based on the result of comparison between the first effective value Arms 1 and the predetermined first threshold value, it is determined that the exterior material 2 at the hit portion is peeled off. When the evaluation unit 42 exerts the second evaluation function, the second effective value Arms2 calculated corresponding to each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D and the predetermined second threshold value are set. Based on the comparison result, it is determined that the exterior material 2 at the hit portion has peeled off.

Further, as shown in FIG. 16B, when the state evaluation device 10 moves to the boundary L1 side, the first microphone 22A is located at the end of the sound portion beyond the boundary L1 and is an exterior material of the striking hammer 2004. The striking point P1 to 2 is located at the peeling portion 6, and the second microphone 22B is located at the peeling portion 6. In this case, due to the impact of the impact hammer 2004 on the exterior material 2, the impact sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5 (B) is generated at the end of the sound portion, and the impact detection waveform of the amplitude shown in FIG. The tapping sound detection waveform with the amplitude shown in) is generated. Therefore, the first microphone 22A that picks up the tapping sound detection waveform outputs a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5B, and the second microphone 22B outputs a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform shown in FIG. A signal with a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in is output. Similarly, from the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D located at the end of the peeling portion, a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5C is output. As a result, the evaluation unit 42 that received this signal determines that the exterior material 2 that has been hit by the striking hammer 2004 has been peeled off, and the exterior material 2 that faces the first microphone 22A. Is determined to be a healthy end.
That is, it is possible to simultaneously determine the peeled portion, the sound portion, and the end portion of the sound portion of the exterior material 2 with respect to the concrete skeleton.

Further, as shown in FIG. 16C, when the striking hammer 2004 of the state evaluation device 10 moves beyond the boundary L1 so as to be located at the sound portion 8, the striking point of the striking hammer 2004 on the exterior material 2 P1 is located beyond the boundary L1 and within the range of the healthy portion 8, so that the first microphone 22A faces the healthy portion 8 at a large distance from the boundary L1 and the second microphone 22B faces the end of the healthy portion 8. To. Along with this, the striking sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5A is generated in the sound portion 8 on which the first microphone 22A faces due to the striking of the striking hammer 2004 on the exterior material 2. As a result, a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5A is output from the first microphone 22A that picks up the tapping sound detection waveform, and the evaluation unit 42 that receives this signal outputs the signal. It is determined that the portion of the exterior material 2 facing the first microphone 22A is a sound portion.
Similarly, in the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D located at the end of the sound portion, a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5C is output. As a result, it is determined that the exterior material 2 at the hit portion is the end portion of the sound portion.
On the other hand, in the second microphone 22B facing the end of the peeled portion, the striking sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5C is generated by the striking of the striking hammer 2004 on the exterior material 2. As a result, the second microphone 22B that picks up the tapping sound detection waveform outputs a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5C. Upon receiving this signal, the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 is the end portion of the peeled portion. That is, it is possible to simultaneously determine the peeled portion, the sound portion, and the peeled portion end portion of the exterior material 2 with respect to the concrete skeleton.

Further, as shown in FIG. 16D, when the entire state evaluation device 10 is moved within the range of the sound portion 8, the striking point P1 and the first microphone 22A on the exterior material 2 of the striking hammer 2004 are set. The second microphone 22B faces the healthy portion 8 and faces the end of the healthy portion. Therefore, when the striking hammer 2004 hits the exterior material 2, a striking sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5A is generated in the sound portion 8 on which the first microphone 22A faces, and the striking sound detection waveform is used. From the first microphone 22A to be picked up, a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in FIG. 5A is output. Further, a tapping sound detection waveform having an amplitude shown in FIG. 5B is generated at the end of the sound portion near the boundary L1, and the second microphone 22B that picks up the tapping sound detection waveform has FIG. 5B. A signal with a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform having the amplitude shown in is output. Upon receiving these signals, the evaluation unit 42 determines that the portion of the exterior material 2 facing the first microphone 22A is a sound portion, and the portion of the exterior material 2 facing the second microphone 22B is the end portion of the sound portion. Judge that there is.
Similarly, the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D facing the sound portion 8 also output signals having the same waveform as the first microphone 22A. As a result, it is determined that the exterior material 2 at the hit portion is a sound portion.

As described above, according to the state evaluation device 10 shown in the second embodiment, the striking sound generated when the surface of the exterior material 2 adhered to the building frame is striked by the striking hammer 2004 is produced by the striking hammer 2004. A tapping sound detection waveform is generated for each microphone by detecting with four microphones 22A to 22D arranged at equal distances from the center of the striking point, and each detection signal detected for each of the microphones 22. Is generated in the striking sound detection waveform having the amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2 by the respective first to fourth striking sound type generating units 34A to 34D, and the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is generated. From the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the received time, the tapping sound detection waveform generated within a preset time is obtained from each of the first and second effective value calculation units 36A to 36D. Sampling is performed by the sampling unit 3602 at a predetermined sampling cycle, and further, the first and second effective value calculation units 36A to 36D calculate the first effective value Arms1 based on the instantaneous value obtained for each sampling. The evaluation unit 42 evaluates the state of the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result between the first effective value Arms 1 and the first threshold value determined in advance based on the first effective value Arms 1.
Therefore, even if the type of exterior material 2 such as tiles constituting the surface of the building, the method of attaching the exterior material 2 or the properties of the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 are different, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 and the end of the sound portion It is possible to improve the determination accuracy of the evaluation of the state of the exterior material 2 including the edge of the peeled portion and the evaluation efficiency of the exterior material 2.
Further, according to the second embodiment, the time when the amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform detected by the striking hammer vibration detecting unit 38 reaches a predetermined threshold value after the striking unit 20 is activated is the first. Since the sampling start time of the tapping sound detection waveform by the respective sampling units 3602A to 3602D of the fourth effective value calculation units 36A to 36D is set, the type of exterior material 2, the method of attaching the exterior material 2, or the exterior material 2 Even if the properties of the peeled portion are different, it is advantageous in calculating the first effective value that is effective for evaluating the presence or absence of peeling and the condition of the exterior material 2 including the sound portion end portion and the peeled portion end portion with high accuracy. It becomes.
Further, according to the second embodiment, the second effective value corrected for the variation in the striking force is calculated by dividing the first effective value by the maximum amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform, and the second effective value is calculated. And based on this, the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on a predetermined second threshold value, so that the presence or absence of peeling and the end of the sound portion can be determined regardless of the variation in the striking force. This is advantageous in improving the stability and accuracy of the state evaluation of the exterior material 2 including the end of the peeled portion.
Further, according to the second embodiment, when the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 hit by the striking hammer has peeling, the marking portion 26 is driven to drive the surface of the exterior material 2 having peeling. Can be stamped on the part of the exterior material or the end of the sound part or the end of the peeled part, and the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 to the building frame and the state of the exterior material 2 including the end of the sound part and the end of the peeled part The result can be visually confirmed, which is advantageous in improving work efficiency.

In the above embodiment, the case where the object to be inspected is a building and the adhesive state such as floating or peeling of the exterior material 2 such as tile is evaluated has been described. However, the present invention has described the case where the exterior material such as tile or mortar is evaluated. If is not provided, in addition to the outer surface of the building, when evaluating the internal condition near the outer surface of the building, or if an exterior material such as tile or mortar is provided, the surface of the exterior material In addition, it can be widely applied when evaluating the exterior material portion inside the surface of the exterior material, the surface of the building frame inside the exterior material, or the inside near the surface.
Further, the present invention can be widely applied when evaluating the floor, ceiling, wall surface, concrete skeleton, etc. in the interior of a building.
Further, the present invention is not limited to buildings, and can be widely applied when evaluating structures such as viaducts and dams.
Further, in the above embodiment, a case where marking is performed on a sound portion, a peeled portion, or the like of an exterior material by using a stamp impregnated with ink in advance is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one or more It is also possible to use an ink injection type marking portion in which ink is ejected from ink tanks of different colors to mark a sound portion, a peeled portion, or the like of the exterior material.

2 Exterior material 10 Condition evaluation device 20 Strike unit 2004 Strike hammer 22A 1st microphone 22B 2nd microphone 22C 3rd microphone 22D 4th microphone 24 Strike hammer vibration sensor 26 Marking unit 28 Strike hammer 30 Drive unit 32 Operation unit 34A 1st stroke Sound wave generation unit 34B 2nd sound wave type generation unit 34C 3rd sound wave type generation unit 34D 4th sound wave type generation unit 36A 1st effective value calculation unit 36B 2nd effective value calculation unit 36C 3rd effective value calculation unit 36D Fourth effective value calculation unit 3602A Sampling unit 3602B Sampling unit 3602C Sampling unit 3602D Sampling unit 38 Striking hammer vibration detection circuit 40 Striking hammer vibration sampling unit 42 Evaluation unit 44 Output unit 46 Marking drive unit

Claims (7)

A housing with an opening and
A striking portion that is arranged inside the housing and that appears and disappears from the opening to hit an inspection object outside the housing.
A first microphone, which is arranged outside the housing and generates a first detection signal,
A second microphone, which is arranged outside the housing and generates a second detection signal,
A first sound wave type generation unit that generates a first sound wave detection waveform based on the first detection signal, and
A second hammering sound wave generation unit that generates a second tapping sound detection waveform based on the second detection signal, and
A first effective value calculation unit that calculates a first effective value based on the first tapping sound detection waveform, and
A second effective value calculation unit that calculates a second effective value based on the second tapping sound detection waveform, and
An evaluation unit in which the first effective value and the second effective value are input, and
With
The state of the first portion of the inspection object facing the first microphone is evaluated based on the first effective value, and the inspection object is based on the second effective value. Of these, the state of the second portion facing the second microphone is evaluated.
A state evaluation device for an inspection object, characterized in that. The first effective value calculation unit has a first sampling unit.
The second effective value calculation unit has a second sampling unit.
The first sampling unit samples the first sound wave type at a predetermined sampling frequency to obtain a first instantaneous value.
The second sampling unit samples the second sound wave type at the predetermined sampling frequency to obtain a second instantaneous value.
The first effective value calculation unit obtains the first effective value from the square root of the mean value of the square of the first instantaneous value.
The second effective value calculation unit obtains the second effective value from the square root of the mean value of the square of the second instantaneous value.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 1. The first part and the second part are different,
The state evaluation device according to claim 1 or 2. The first microphone and the second microphone are arranged symmetrically and equidistantly with respect to the striking portion.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A third microphone, which is arranged outside the housing and generates a third detection signal,
A fourth microphone, which is arranged outside the housing and generates a fourth detection signal,
A third hammering sound wave generation unit that generates a third tapping sound detection waveform based on the third detection signal, and
A fourth hammering sound wave generation unit that generates a fourth tapping sound detection waveform based on the fourth detection signal, and
A third effective value calculation unit that calculates a third effective value based on the third tapping sound detection waveform, and
A fourth effective value calculation unit that calculates a fourth effective value based on the fourth tapping sound detection waveform, and
With more
The first to fourth microphones are arranged on the circumference centered on the striking portion.
Based on the third effective value, the state of the third portion of the inspection object facing the third microphone is evaluated, and the inspection object is based on the fourth effective value. Of these, the state of the fourth portion facing the fourth microphone is evaluated.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that. The third effective value calculation unit has a third sampling unit.
The fourth effective value calculation unit has a fourth sampling unit.
The third sampling unit samples the third striking sound wave type at a sampling frequency to obtain a third instantaneous value.
The fourth sampling unit samples the fourth striking sound wave type at the sampling frequency to obtain a fourth instantaneous value.
The third effective value calculation unit obtains the third effective value from the square root of the mean value of the square of the third instantaneous value.
The fourth effective value calculation unit obtains the fourth effective value from the square root of the mean value of the square of the fourth instantaneous value.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 5. The first to fourth microphones are arranged point-symmetrically at an angle of 90 degrees on the circumference centered on the striking portion.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that.

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