JP6805445B2 - Condition evaluation device for inspection objects - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a state evaluation device for an inspection object that evaluates the state of the inspection object such as a building exterior material.

Various methods for diagnosing the condition of a building have been proposed in order to prevent peeling and peeling of the exterior material (outer wall material) of the building.
For example, Patent Document 1 describes a crest factor (peak ratio: ratio of peak value of waveform to effective value: peak value / effective value) obtained from reflected sound obtained when a target tile is hit by a striking means. Diagnose the quality of the adhesion state of the exterior material based on the comparison result with the predetermined value, or adhere the exterior material based on the comparison result between the expected frequency obtained from the reflected sound based on the mathematical formula and the expected frequency in the sound tile. A method of diagnosing the quality of the condition is disclosed.
Further, Patent Document 2 describes a method of discriminating between a portion having a peeling or a cavity and a portion having no cavity by using the fundamental frequency included in the first waveform of the response sound obtained by hitting the surface of the inspection object as a determination criterion. It is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 2906973 Japanese Patent No. 3922459

However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 requires calculating special values such as a crest factor and an expected frequency from the reflected sound (or response sound) obtained by hitting the exterior material, which complicates the processing. It takes time to diagnose the quality of the adhesive state of the exterior material, and the configuration of the device for diagnosing is complicated and expensive.
Further, since the technique described in Patent Document 2 targets only the wavelength, the difference in wavelength (fundamental frequency) is unlikely to appear depending on the inspection target object, which is disadvantageous in accurately evaluating the inspection target object. ..
Therefore, there is room for improvement in shortening the time required for evaluating the condition of the inspection object, simplifying the equipment required for diagnosis, and accurately performing the condition of the outer surface of the building.

On the other hand, in the peeling judgment device composed of the striking part and the microphone, the microphone is placed at a certain distance from the striking point on the tile in order to prevent the microphone from detecting unnecessary sound generated from the driving part of the striking part. For example, the tiles are arranged at a distance (distance corresponding to one tile: 53 mm). Therefore, if the position of the microphone that picks up the sound is directly above the sound part where there is no peeling, even though the hitting point of the tile by the hitting part is peeled off, or vice versa, the microphone is peeled off. When it is located on the sound part where there is no sound and the hitting point of the striking part is located on the peeling part, only the detection signal equivalent to that of the sound part is output from the microphone. As a result, the peeled portion of the tile is erroneously determined as a sound portion. In particular, such erroneous determinations often occur near the boundary between the sound portion and the peeled portion, and there is a problem that an accurate peeling diagnosis of the tile cannot be made unless the aspect of the peeling boundary can be grasped.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to efficiently evaluate and determine the presence or absence of peeling of an inspection object constituting the surface of a building with respect to the building frame and the state of the inspection object including the peeling boundary. It is an object of the present invention to provide a state evaluation device for an inspection object, which can be performed accurately and easily in a short time and is advantageous for simplifying the configuration.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a state evaluation device for an inspection object that evaluates the state of the inspection object including the presence or absence of peeling of the inspection object constituting the surface of the building and the peeling boundary. there are provided in the housing, and wherein the hitting unit for hitting hitting hammer infested the surface of the inspection object from an opening provided in the housing, the outer surface of the casing, the sound receiving surface A plurality of microphones that are arranged facing the surface of the object to be inspected and that collect the tapping sound generated by the striking of the striking hammer and generate a detection signal corresponding to the striking sound, and each of the microphones. a plurality of detection circuits based on the respective detection signals generated to produce a tapping sound detection waveform for each of the respective microphone, based the on the tapping sound detection waveforms for each microphone, facing the respective microphone said inspection It is characterized by including an evaluation unit for evaluating the state of a part of an object .

According to the present invention, the hitting sound generated when the surface of the inspection object is hit with a hitting hammer is detected by a plurality of microphones arranged around the hitting point of the hitting hammer, and the hitting sound detection waveform is detected for each microphone. The tapping sound detection waveform is generated for each microphone.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently and accurately evaluate and determine the state of the exterior material to be inspected, that is, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material, and the peeling boundary which is the boundary between the sound portion and the peeled portion of the exterior material.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the state evaluation apparatus of the inspection object which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a side view of the detection unit of the state evaluation apparatus of an inspection object. It is a view of arrow AA of FIG. It is a B arrow view of FIG. It is a diagram which shows the relationship between the sound part | peeling part which shows the state of an exterior material, and the sound pressure of the tapping sound of these sound part and a peeling part. It is a diagram which shows the relationship between the depth of the peeling part of the back surface of an exterior material, and the sound pressure of the tapping sound hit by an exterior material. It is a figure explaining the thickness of the exterior material, the sticking method, and the peeling position. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the time (inter-peak wavelength) (μs) and the peeling depth (mm) between the maximum value and the minimum value of the 1st waveform. It is an operation flowchart of the state evaluation apparatus of the inspection object which concerns on 1st Embodiment. In (A) to (D), the state evaluation device 10 shown in the first embodiment is used to evaluate the adhesive state such as floating or peeling of exterior materials such as tiles on the outer surface of a building, which is an inspection target. It is a figure. It is a diagram which shows the detection result of the hitting sound detection waveform and the hitting hammer side detection waveform in the state evaluation apparatus of the inspection object which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, and (A) is the detection result of the waveform in the sound part of an exterior material. (B) is a diagram showing the detection result of the detection waveform in the peeled portion of the exterior material. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the state evaluation apparatus of the inspection object which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the marking part applied to the state evaluation apparatus of the inspection object which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing in the case of performing the peeling determination of the exterior material by the maximum amplitude value of the tapping sound detection waveform using the detection unit which has one microphone. It is explanatory drawing which shows the result at the time of performing the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material based on the maximum amplitude value of the tapping sound detection waveform using the detection unit which has one microphone. It is explanatory drawing in the case of performing the peeling determination of the exterior material by the maximum amplitude value of the tapping sound detection waveform using the detection unit having two microphones. It is explanatory drawing which shows the result at the time of performing the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material based on the maximum amplitude value of the tapping sound detection waveform using the detection unit which has two microphones. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the inspection object state evaluation apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a side view of the detection unit of the inspection object state evaluation apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment. FIG. 19 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. It is a B arrow view of FIG. (A) and (B) are explanatory waveform diagrams for obtaining the first effective value from the amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform generated within a preset time. It is explanatory drawing in the case of performing the peeling determination of the exterior material by the effective value of the tapping sound detection waveform using the detection unit which has one microphone. It is explanatory drawing which shows the result at the time of performing the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material based on the effective value of the tapping sound detection waveform using the detection unit which has one microphone. It is explanatory drawing in the case of performing the peeling determination of the exterior material by the effective value of the tapping sound detection waveform using the detection unit which has two microphones. It is explanatory drawing which shows the result at the time of the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material based on the effective value of the tapping sound detection waveform using the detection unit which has two microphones.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a state evaluation device for an inspection object (hereinafter referred to as a state evaluation device) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, the configuration of the state evaluation device 10 shown in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the present embodiment, a case where the state evaluation device 10 evaluates the state of the outer surface of the building, which is the object to be inspected, that is, the adhesive state such as floating or peeling of the exterior material such as tiles will be described.
In the present specification, the inspection target is a building or a structure, and when the inspection target is a building, the inspection target is, for example, an indoor floor, ceiling, wall surface, in addition to the outer surface of the building. It includes a wide range of indoor concrete skeletons.
Further, in the present specification, the outer surface of the building means the outer surface of the building located on the outermost side of the building, and the outer surface of the building is added to the outer surface of the building when exterior materials such as tiles and mortar are not provided. , Including the internal condition near the outer surface of this building. In addition, when exterior materials such as tiles and mortar are provided, the outer surface of the building is not only the surface of the exterior material, but also the exterior material part inside the surface of the exterior material and the building frame inside the exterior material. It shall include the surface and the interior near the surface.
In FIG. 1, the state evaluation device 10 is composed of a detection unit 12 and a main body unit 14.
The detection unit 12 is used by being held by an operator and applied to the surface of the exterior material 2 whose state should be evaluated, and the main body unit 14 represents a tapping sound or vibration detected by the detection unit 12. The state of the exterior material 2 (presence or absence of peeling, boundary between the sound portion and the peeled portion, etc.) is evaluated based on the signal.
The detection unit 12 and the main body unit 14 are connected by a cable 11 that transmits the above signal.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the detection unit 12 includes a housing 16, three rollers 18A, 18B, 18C, a striking portion 20, a first microphone 22A, a second microphone 22B, and a third. It is configured to include a microphone 22C, a fourth microphone 22D, and a striking hammer vibration sensor 24.
The housing 16 is an upper wall connecting a rectangular bottom wall 1602, four side walls 1604, 1606, 1608, 1610 rising from the four sides of the bottom wall 1602, and the upper portions of the four side walls 1604, 1606, 1608, 1610. It is equipped with 1612.
The bottom wall 1602 is provided with an opening 1620 in which a striking hammer 28, which will be described later, appears.
Of the three rollers 18A, 18B, 18C, the two rollers 18A, 18B are rotatably attached to a pair of opposite end faces of the bottom wall 1602 and are arranged coaxially.
The remaining one roller 18C is rotatably attached to the lower part of the bottom wall 1602 via the metal fitting 17, and when viewed in a plan view, the roller 18C is on an axis parallel to the axes of the two rollers 18A and 18B. Is located in.
Then, the three rollers 18A, 18B, 18C have the lower surface of the bottom wall 1602 and the surface of the exterior material 2 in a state where the outer peripheral surfaces of the three rollers 18A, 18B, 18C are in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2. Are provided so as to be parallel to each other at regular intervals.

As shown in FIG. 3, the striking portion 20 includes a solenoid 26 and a striking hammer 28.
The solenoid 26 is installed on a base 1614 provided on the bottom wall 1602 in the housing 16.
The solenoid 26 is provided so as to be movable in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the exterior material 2 with the solenoid main body 2602 having a coil and the three rollers 18A, 18B, 18C in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2. It is equipped with a plunger 2604.
The plunger 2604 is moved to a protruding position protruding from the solenoid body 2602 by supplying a drive current to the coil, and is moved to an immersion position immersive in the solenoid body 2602 by stopping the supply of the drive current. It is configured.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the striking hammer 28 is provided at the lower end of the plunger 2604 and appears and disappears through the opening 1620 of the bottom wall 1602 by the movement of the plunger 2604.
With the outer peripheral surfaces of the three rollers 18A, 18B, and 18C in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2, the plunger 2604 moves to the protruding position, and the striking hammer 28 strikes the surface of the exterior material 2 for marking. When the rod 2604 moves to the immersion position, the striking hammer 28 is separated from the surface of the exterior material 2.

The first microphone 22A, the second microphone 22B, the third microphone 22C, and the fourth microphone 22D collect the hitting sound generated when the hitting hammer 28 hits the surface of the exterior material 2 and detect the hitting sound corresponding to the hitting sound. It generates a signal and is symmetrically separated from the center of the striking portion P1 (see FIG. 3) of the striking hammer 28 against the exterior material 2 at an equal distance (for example, a distance corresponding to one tile: 53 mm). Have been placed. Specifically, they are arranged point-symmetrically on a circumference having a radius of 53 mm centered on the striking portion P1 at an angle of 90 ° to each other.
In the present embodiment, the case where the distance from the striking portion P1 to each of the microphones 22A to 22D is 53 mm will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the distance may be 100 mm or less.

Of the first microphone 22A, the second microphone 22B, the third microphone 22C, and the fourth microphone 22D arranged in this way, the first microphone 22A constitutes the housing 16 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. It is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the side wall 1604 on the front side via the anti-vibration rubber 22A1.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the second microphone 22B is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the side wall 1606 on the rear surface side constituting the housing 16 via the anti-vibration rubber 22B1.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the third microphone 22C is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the side wall 1608 on the left side constituting the housing 16 via the anti-vibration rubber 22C1.
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the fourth microphone 22D is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the side wall 1610 on the right side constituting the housing 16 via the anti-vibration rubber 22D1.
In the present embodiment, a case where four microphones of the first microphone 22A, the second microphone 22B, the third microphone 22C, and the fourth microphone 22D are provided will be described, but the number of microphones is two or six or more. There may be.
Further, the sound receiving surfaces of the microphones 22A to 22D are arranged so as to face the surface of the exterior material 2 which is the inspection target surface, and the height from the surface of the exterior material 2 to the microphones 22A to 22d. Is preferably within 5 mm.

As shown in FIG. 3, the striking hammer vibration sensor 24 is attached to the striking hammer 28, detects the vibration of the striking hammer 28 generated by the striking of the striking hammer 28 on the exterior material 2, and detects the vibration corresponding to the vibration. Is to generate. As such a striking hammer vibration sensor 24, various conventionally known sensors such as a piezoelectric element can be used.

As shown in FIG. 1, the main body unit 14 includes a drive unit 30, an operation unit 32, a first detection circuit 34A, a second detection circuit 34B, a third detection circuit 34C, a fourth detection circuit 34D, and the like. The first sampling unit 36A, the second sampling unit 36B, the third sampling unit 36C, the fourth sampling unit 36D, the striking hammer vibration detection circuit 38, the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40, the evaluation unit 42, and the output. It is configured to include a part 44.

The drive unit 30 supplies a drive current to the coil of the solenoid body 2602.
The operation unit 32 is operated by an operator to instruct the drive unit 30 to supply a drive current to the coil, and is composed of a push button switch or the like.

The first detection circuit 34A A / D-converts the detection signal generated by the first microphone 22A to generate a tapping sound detection waveform.
The second detection circuit 34B A / D-converts the detection signal generated by the second microphone 22B to generate a tapping sound detection waveform.
The third detection circuit 34C A / D-converts the detection signal generated by the third microphone 22C to generate a tapping sound detection waveform.
The fourth detection circuit 34D A / D-converts the detection signal generated by the fourth microphone 22D to generate a tapping sound detection waveform.
In the present embodiment, the first microphone 22A and the first detection circuit 34A, the second microphone 22B and the second detection circuit 34B, the third microphone 22C and the third detection circuit 34C, the fourth microphone 22D and the fourth detection circuit 34D are Each constitutes a waveform generation unit described in the claims.

The striking hammer vibration detection circuit 38 A / D-converts the detection signal generated by the striking hammer vibration sensor 24 to generate a striking hammer vibration detection waveform.
In the present embodiment, the striking hammer vibration detection unit is configured by the striking hammer vibration sensor 24 and the striking hammer vibration detection circuit 38.

The first sampling unit 36A samples the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the first detection circuit 34A at a predetermined sampling cycle.
The second sampling unit 36B samples the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the second detection circuit 34B at a predetermined sampling cycle.
The third sampling unit 36C samples the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the third detection circuit 34C at a predetermined sampling cycle.
The fourth sampling unit 36D samples the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the fourth detection circuit 34D at a predetermined sampling cycle.

The striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 samples the striking hammer vibration detection waveform generated by the striking hammer vibration detection circuit 38 at a predetermined sampling cycle.

When the evaluation unit 42 uses the waveform for one cycle generated at the Nth (N is a natural number of 1 or more) among the tapping sound detection waveforms generated by the first detection circuit 34A as the first waveform, the first waveform is used. The state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the amplitude or wavelength of the waveform of, and one cycle of the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the second detection circuit 34B (N is a natural number of 1 or more) is generated. When the waveform is the first waveform, the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the amplitude or wavelength of the first waveform, and the Nth (N) of the tapping sound detection waveforms generated by the third detection circuit 34C. When the waveform for one cycle generated in (1 or more natural numbers) is used as the first waveform, the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the amplitude or wavelength of the first waveform, and further, the fourth detection circuit When the waveform for one cycle generated at the Nth (N is a natural number of 1 or more) out of the tapping sound detection waveforms generated by 34D is used as the first waveform, it is based on the amplitude or wavelength of this first waveform. This is for evaluating the state of the exterior material 2.
The larger the amplitude of the first waveform of the tapping sound detection waveforms generated by the first detection circuit 34A to the fourth detection circuit 34D, the more accurately the amplitude value or the wavelength value is. It is advantageous for measurement. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the waveform for one cycle that occurs first in the tapping sound detection waveform has a larger amplitude than the waveforms of the second and subsequent cycles, and therefore, the waveform that occurs first in the tapping sound detection waveform 1 A case where the waveform for the cycle is set as the first waveform will be described.
However, depending on various conditions such as the characteristics of the waveform generator corresponding to each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D, the environment at the time of detection, or the state of the inspection object, the second and subsequent hit sound detection waveforms. The waveform generated in may have the largest amplitude.
Therefore, in that case, the waveform having the largest amplitude generated after the second one may be the first waveform.
More specifically, the evaluation unit 42 describes the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result between the amplitude of the first waveform corresponding to each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D and the predetermined first threshold value. It is possible to determine the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 and to determine the peeling of the exterior material 2 without grasping the appearance of the peeling boundary between the sound portion of the exterior material 2 and the peeled portion.
In the present embodiment, the amplitude of the first waveform is the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the first waveform. However, the amplitude of the first waveform may be the absolute value of the peak value (extreme value) of the first half of one cycle of the first waveform with reference to the reference value of the amplitude (voltage 0V), or the first. It may be the absolute value of the peak value (extreme value) of the latter half of one cycle of the waveform of 1.

Here, the amplitude of the first waveform corresponding to each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2, and the relationship between the sound portion of the exterior material 2 and the peeling boundary of the peeled portion will be described. ..
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the state of the exterior material 2 and the sound pressure of the tapping sound of the exterior material 2, in other words, the tapping sound detection waveform. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time (μs) after hitting the exterior material 2 with the hitting hammer 28, and the vertical axis shows the sound pressure (Pa) of the hitting sound.
The following four locations are selected as the locations of the exterior material 2 to be impacted by the impact hammer 28.
In the present specification, the sound portion of the exterior material 2 means a portion where the exterior material 2 has a good adhesive state to the building frame and is not peeled off, and the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 is a part where the exterior material 2 is a building. The part peeled off from the skeleton is shown.
Hitting sound inspection waveform a: Sound part Hitting sound inspection waveform b: Sound part Kiwa (Boundary part of the healthy part close to the peeled part where the exterior material 2 is peeled off from the building frame)
Hitting sound detection waveform c: Peeling part crease (boundary part of the peeling part close to the sound part)
Beating sound detection waveform d: As is clear from FIG. 5, the tapping sound detection waveform c of the peeling portion is relative to the amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform a of the sound portion and the tapping sound detection waveform b of the sound portion. It can be seen that the amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform d of the peeled portion has a large value.
Based on these findings, based on the comparison result between the amplitude of the first waveform and the predetermined first threshold value, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 at the locations where the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D face each other. It is possible to determine the peeling boundary between the sound portion and the peeled portion of the exterior material 2.
As shown in FIG. 5, the first threshold value is the measured amplitude of the tapping sound detection waveform corresponding to the adhesive state of the exterior material 2, in other words, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 and the appearance of the peeling boundary. , The first threshold value sufficient to reliably determine the peeling and peeling boundary of the exterior material 2 may be set.
Alternatively, the amplitude of the first waveform may be actually measured in the sound portion of the exterior material 2, and the first threshold value may be set by multiplying the value of the amplitude by a predetermined constant or adding the constant.

Further, the evaluation unit 38 detects the position of the hollow exterior material 2 located on the back surface side of the exterior material 2 in the thickness direction of the exterior material 2 based on the wavelength of the first waveform. In other words, the position of the cavity (peeling) located inside the outer surface of the building (the surface of the object to be inspected) is detected in the thickness direction of the building frame.
Here, the relationship between the wavelength of the first waveform and the position of the cavity in the thickness direction of the exterior material 2 will be described.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the position of the cavity on the back surface of the exterior material 2 and the sound pressure of the tapping sound of the exterior material 2, in other words, the tapping sound detection waveform. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis shows the elapsed time (μs) after hitting the exterior material 2 with the hitting hammer 28, and the vertical axis shows the sound pressure (Pa) of the hitting sound.
That is, five types of test bodies having different tile attachment methods were prepared as the exterior material 2, and the striking hammer 28 was used for striking.

Reference numerals XDT, XDH, XMH, XMS, and XMSw in FIG. 6 indicate each exterior material 2 as a test body, and FIG. 7 shows the specifications, attachment method, and peeling position of each exterior material 2 as a test body.
Of the symbols, XD and XM indicate the method of attaching tiles, XD is attached in the order of tile-pasted mortar-concrete skeleton, and XM is tile-pasted mortar-base mortar-concrete. It is pasted in the order of the skeleton.
The peeling depth in each test piece is as follows.
The peeling depth is the distance from the surface of the exterior material 2 to the peeled portion or the cavity in the thickness direction of the exterior material 2, in other words, the position of the cavity in the thickness direction of the exterior material 2.
XDT: Peeling depth 7 mm
XDH: Peeling depth 9 mm
XMH: Peeling depth 9 mm
XMS: Peeling depth 19 mm
XMSw: Peeling depth 19 mm
As is clear from FIG. 6, it can be seen that the deeper the peeling depth, that is, the position of the cavity, the shorter the wavelength of the tapping sound detection waveform tends to be.
As shown in FIG. 6, since the actual tapping sound detection waveform does not always have a line-symmetrical shape centered on the sound pressure 0 (Pa), the length of one cycle of the first waveform can be accurately determined. In many cases, it cannot be specified. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the time between the maximum value and the minimum value of the first waveform is referred to as a wavelength. Further, when the length of one cycle of the first waveform can be actually measured, the length of one cycle of the first waveform may be used as the wavelength.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the time (inter-peak wavelength) (μs) and the peeling depth (mm) between the maximum value and the minimum value of the first waveform.
As the exterior material 2 to be hit by the hitting hammer 28, three types of X tile, Y tile, and Z tile having different thicknesses and mounting methods were used, and the relationship between the peak wavelength and the peeling depth was measured.
Here, the X tile is a test piece with a 2-chome tile (thickness 7 mm) attached with a mortar, the Y tile is a test piece with a 2-chome tile (thickness 13 mm) attached with a mortar, and the Z tile is an elastic bond with a 2-chome tile (thickness 11 mm). It is a test piece attached with an agent.
The adhesive containing the sticking mortar and the elastic adhesive is arranged together with the tile on the surface of the building frame, and in the present specification, the sticking mortar and the adhesive are included in the exterior material together with the tile.
As is clear from FIG. 8, it can be seen that the larger the peeling depth, the longer the inter-peak wavelength.
From such knowledge, it is possible to detect the position of the cavity exterior material 2 located on the back surface side of the exterior material 2 in the thickness direction of the exterior material 2 based on the wavelength of the first waveform. ..
That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the wavelength of the first waveform and the position of the cavity are actually measured for a large number of exterior materials 2, and a correlation equation showing the relationship between the wavelength of the first waveform and the position of the cavity is obtained. By using such a correlation equation, the position of the cavity may be detected from the wavelength of the first waveform.

Further, among the striking hammer vibration detection waveforms, the waveform for one cycle generated corresponding to the first waveform is set as the second waveform, and the timely earlier value of the maximum value or the minimum value of the second waveform is used. The time corresponding to is set as the reference time.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the waveform for one cycle that occurs first among the impact hammer vibration detection waveforms is used as the second waveform.
In this case, the evaluation unit 42 of the exterior material 2 is based on the first waveform formed by the waveform data sampled from the time point earlier than the reference time among the waveform data sampled by the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40. The state, that is, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 is detected.
This is advantageous in reliably detecting the first waveform.

Further, the evaluation unit 42 receives the first to fourth sampling units 36A corresponding to each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D when the amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform falls below a predetermined second threshold value. The evaluation of the state of the exterior material 2 is stopped by invalidating the waveform data sampled in each of ~ 36D.
That is, if the surface of the exterior material 2 is not hit by the hitting hammer 28 for some reason (blank hitting), or if the hitting is insufficient, the evaluation of the state of the exterior material 2 is stopped. , It is advantageous in accurately evaluating the state of the exterior material 2.
The second threshold value is determined by measuring the amplitude of the vibration detection waveform on the striking hammer side detected in each of the case where the surface of the exterior material 2 is struck by the striking hammer 28 and the case where the exterior material 2 is struck blank, and the exterior material 2 is set. On the other hand, it is sufficient to set a second threshold value sufficient to reliably determine the state in which the hit is made accurately and the state in which the hit is blank or insufficiently hit.

The output unit 44 outputs the determination result of the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 by the evaluation unit 42, and the appearance result of the peeling boundary between the sound portion and the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 by the evaluation unit 42.
The following is exemplified as the output unit 40.
A display device that displays the judgment result and the position detection result.
A printer device that prints judgment results and position detection results on print media.
A recording device that records the determination result and the position detection result on a recording medium.
A communication device that transmits judgment results and position detection results to various terminal devices and data loggers via a communication line.

The evaluation unit 42 can be configured by a computer.
The computer has a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk device, a keyboard, a mouse, a display device, an input / output interface, and the like.
The ROM stores a predetermined control program and the like, and the RAM provides a working area.
The hard disk device stores a control program for realizing the evaluation unit 42.
The keyboard and mouse accept operation input by the operator.
The display device displays an image, and is composed of, for example, a liquid crystal display device. The display device can function as the output unit 44.

Next, the operation of the state evaluation device 10 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, the operator brings the three rollers 18A, 18B, and 18C of the detection unit 12 into contact with the surface of the exterior material 2 to be diagnosed (step S10).
Next, the operator operates the operation unit 32 (step S12), whereby the striking unit 20 strikes the surface of the exterior material 2 (step S14).
The striking sound generated by the striking portion 20 striking the surface of the exterior material 2 is symmetrically arranged at equal distances from the striking point on the exterior material 2, and is detected by the first microphones 22A to the fourth microphones 22D, respectively. Based on the detection signals generated from one microphone, the tapping sound detection waveforms are generated by the respective first detection circuits 34A to 34D, and the generated tapping sound detection waveforms are the first sampling unit 36A to. It is sampled by each of the first sampling units 36D and supplied to the evaluation unit 42 (step S16).
Further, the vibration generated by the striking hammer 28 when the striking portion 20 strikes the surface of the exterior material 2 is detected by the striking hammer vibration sensor 24, and the striking hammer is based on the detection signal detected by the striking hammer vibration sensor 24. The striking hammer vibration detection waveform is generated by the vibration detection circuit 38, and the generated striking hammer vibration detection waveform is sampled by the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 and supplied to the evaluation unit 42 (step S18).

The evaluation unit 42 determines whether or not the amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform is less than a predetermined second threshold value (step S20).
When it is determined that the amplitude of the impact hammer vibration detection waveform is less than a predetermined second threshold value, the evaluation unit 42 uses the waveform data sampled by the first sampling unit 36A to the fourth sampling unit 36D. The evaluation of the state of the exterior material 2 is stopped as invalid, and the output unit 44 notifies that the measurement is to be redone (step S26). Such notification is made, for example, by displaying a comment to the effect that a display device prompts a fixed redo.
Then, the process proceeds to step S10.
On the other hand, if it is determined in step S20 that the amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform is not less than a predetermined second threshold value, the evaluation unit 42 is sampled by the first sampling unit 36A to the fourth sampling unit 36D. Based on the waveform data, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 is determined, and the peeling boundary between the sound portion and the peeled portion is detected (step S24).
That is, the evaluation unit 42 is the first waveform formed by the waveform data sampled from a time point earlier than the reference time among the waveform data sampled by each of the first sampling unit 36A to the fourth sampling unit 36D. Based on the above, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 and the peeling boundary are detected.
Specifically, the evaluation unit 42 uses the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result between the amplitude of the first waveform corresponding to each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D and the predetermined first threshold value. The presence or absence of peeling is determined, and the peeling boundary between the sound portion and the peeled portion is determined based on the wavelength of the first waveform.
The output unit 44 outputs the determination result of the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 supplied from the evaluation unit 42 and the determination result of the peeling boundary (step S24), and ends a series of operations. After that, the same treatment as above is repeated for the exterior material 2 to be diagnosed next.

Next, in the case of evaluating the adhesive state such as floating or peeling of the exterior material such as tiles on the outer surface of the building, which is the inspection target, by using the state evaluation device 10 shown in the first embodiment, FIG. This will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 10, an exterior material 2 is provided on the outer surface of the concrete skeleton 4 of the building. The exterior material 2 includes a base mortar 202 provided in layers on the outer surface of the concrete skeleton 4, and a tile 206 attached to the outer surface of the base mortar 202 by a sticking material 204.
Further, FIG. 10 shows a case where a peeling portion 6 is generated between the outer surface of the concrete skeleton 4 and the base mortar 202, and L1 is a peeling boundary representing a boundary between the peeling portion 6 and the sound portion 8. Shows a line.
In addition, in FIGS. 10A to 10D, the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D are not shown.

As shown in FIG. 10A, when the striking point P1 on the exterior material 2 by the striking hammer 28 of the state evaluation device 10 is inside the range of the peeling portion 6 from the peeling boundary line L1, the striking hammer 28 is the exterior material. When the outer surface of No. 2 is hit, the tapping sound detection waveform a shown in FIG. 5 is generated in the sound portion 8. At the same time, the tapping sound detection waveform b shown in FIG. 5 is generated at the edge of the sound portion near the peeling boundary line L1. Further, the tapping sound detection waveform c shown in FIG. 5, which is larger than the relative amplitude of the response sound of the sound portion 8, is generated at the peeled portion crease near the peeling boundary line L1. Further, the tapping sound detection waveform d shown in FIG. 5 is generated in the peeling portion 6 which is larger than the relative amplitude of the response sound of the peeling portion.
Here, the first microphone 22A and the second microphone 22B attached to the housing 16 are located inside the range of the peeling portion 6 from the peeling boundary line L1 as shown in FIG. 10 (A). Therefore, the first microphone 22A and the second microphone 22B pick up the tapping sound detection waveform a shown in FIG. 5 and output a signal having a waveform corresponding to the amplitude. In this case, the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D also output signals having the same waveforms as the first microphone 22A and the second microphone 22B.
Along with this, as described above, in the evaluation unit 42, the first waveform corresponding to each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D is obtained based on the signals detected by the first microphones 22A to the fourth microphones 22D. Based on the result of comparison between the amplitude and the first threshold value determined in advance, it is determined that the exterior material 2 at the hit portion has peeled off.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the state evaluation device 10 is moved to the peeling boundary line L1, the hitting point P1 of the hitting hammer 28 against the exterior material 2 is moved from the peeling boundary line L1 to the peeling portion 6. The first microphone 22A is inside the range, and the first microphone 22A faces the healthy portion crease that deviates from the peeling boundary line L1 and is close to the healthy portion 8, and the second microphone 22B is inside the range of the peeling portion 6 from the peeling boundary line L1. Facing each other. Along with this, the striking sound detection waveform a shown in FIG. 5 is generated at the portion of the peeling portion 6 due to the striking of the striking hammer 28 against the exterior material 2. Therefore, a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform d shown in FIG. 5 is output from the second microphone 22B that picks up the tapping sound detection waveform a. Similarly, the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D also output signals having the same waveform as the second microphone 22A. As a result, the evaluation unit 42 that receives this signal determines that peeling has occurred at the portion of the exterior material 2 that has been hit by the hitting hammer 28.
On the other hand, the tapping sound detection waveform b shown in FIG. 5 is generated at the sound portion of the sound portion 8 outside the peeling boundary line L1 on which the first microphone 22A faces. Therefore, a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform b is output from the first microphone 22A that picks up the tapping sound detection waveform b. Upon receiving this signal, the evaluation unit 42 determines that the portion of the exterior material 2 of the sound portion wrinkle facing the first microphone 22A is a sound portion without peeling, and the healthy portion wrinkle is the peeled portion 6 and the sound portion 8. Judged as the boundary with.
Therefore, it is possible to simultaneously determine the peeled portion, the sound portion, and the peeled boundary of the exterior material 2 with respect to the concrete skeleton.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10C, when the striking hammer 28 of the state evaluation device 10 is further moved so as to be located on the sound portion 8 side from the peeling boundary line L1, the striking hammer 28 is moved to the exterior material 2 of the striking hammer 28. The striking point P1 is within the range of the sound portion 8 outside the peeling boundary line L1, the first microphone 22A deviates from the peeling boundary line L1 and faces the sound portion 8, and the second microphone 22B deviates from the peeling boundary line L1. It faces the peeling portion crease near the peeling portion 6. Along with this, the striking sound detection waveform a shown in FIG. 5 is generated in the sound portion 8 outside the peeling boundary line L1 on which the first microphone 22A faces due to the striking of the striking hammer 28 against the exterior material 2. Therefore, a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform a is output from the first microphone 22A that picks up the relative amplitude of the response sound, and the evaluation unit 42 that receives this signal has an exterior that the first microphone 22A faces. It is determined that the portion of the material 2 is a sound portion.
Similarly, the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D also output signals having the same waveform as the first microphone 22A. As a result, it is determined that the portion of the exterior material 2 on which the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D face each other is a sound portion.
On the other hand, the tapping sound detection waveform c shown in FIG. 5 is formed at the peeling portion edge portion of the peeling portion 6 located inside the peeling boundary line L1 facing the second microphone 22B due to the impact of the impact hammer 28 on the exterior material 2. appear. Therefore, a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform c is output from the second microphone 22B that picks up the relative amplitude of the response sound. Upon receiving this signal, the evaluation unit 42 determines that peeling has occurred at the peeled portion crease of the peeled portion 6, and determines that the peeled portion crease is the boundary between the peeled portion 6 and the sound portion 8.
Therefore, it is possible to simultaneously determine the peeled portion, the sound portion, and the peeled boundary of the exterior material 2 with respect to the concrete skeleton.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10D, when the entire state evaluation device 10 is moved within the range of the sound portion 8 outside the peeling boundary line L1, the impact point P1 and the impact point P1 of the impact hammer 28 on the exterior material 2 and The first microphone 22A and the second microphone 22B are all opposed to the sound portion 8. Along with this, the striking sound detection waveform a shown in FIG. 5 is generated in the sound portion 8 facing the first microphone 22A due to the impact of the striking hammer 28 on the exterior material 2, and the sound portion 8 facing the second microphone 22B. In 8, the tapping sound detection waveform b shown in FIG. 5 is generated. Therefore, the first microphone 22A that picks up the tapping sound detection waveform a shown in FIG. 5 outputs a signal of the waveform corresponding to the tapping sound detection waveform a, and the evaluation unit 42 that receives this signal first It is determined that the portion of the exterior material 2 facing the microphone 22A is a sound portion.
Similarly, the third microphone 22C and the fourth microphone 22D also output signals having the same waveform as the first microphone 22A. As a result, it is determined that the exterior material 2 at the hit portion is peeled off.
On the other hand, since the second microphone 22B is close to the sound portion, a signal having a waveform corresponding to the tapping sound inspection waveform b is output from the second microphone 22B that picks up the tapping sound detection waveform b shown in FIG. Upon receiving this signal, the evaluation unit 42 determines that the portion of the exterior material 2 facing the second microphone 22A is a sound portion, and the healthy portion of the sound portion 8 is a peeled portion 6 and a sound portion 8. It is determined that it is the boundary of.
Therefore, it is possible to simultaneously determine the sound portion and the peeling boundary of the exterior material 2 with respect to the concrete skeleton.

As described above, according to the state evaluation device 10 of the first embodiment, the striking sound generated when the surface of the exterior material 2 adhered to the building frame is striked by the striking hammer 28 is hit by the striking hammer 28. The tapping sound detection waveform is generated for each microphone by detecting with four microphones 22A to 22D arranged equidistantly from the center around the point, and each tapping sound detection generated for each microphone. By using the waveform for the evaluation of the state of the inspection object, it is possible to efficiently and accurately evaluate and determine whether or not the exterior material 2 is peeled off and the peeling boundary which is the boundary between the sound portion and the peeled portion of the exterior material 2.
Further, the Nth (N is a natural number of 1 or more) of the hit sound detection waveforms generated for each of the four microphones 22A to 22D arranged at equal distances from the center of the hit point of the hit hammer 28. Since the state of the inspection object is evaluated based on the amplitude or wavelength of the first waveform, which is the waveform for one cycle generated in the above, it is obtained by hitting the surface of the exterior material 2 as in the conventional case. It is not necessary to calculate special values such as the crest factor, expected frequency, and fundamental frequency from the reflected sound (or response sound). Therefore, the state of the exterior material 2, that is, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 and the sound part of the exterior material The evaluation and judgment of the peeling boundary portion, which is the boundary between the peeling portion and the peeling portion, can be performed at the same time, and these evaluation judgments can be performed efficiently, accurately and easily in a short time, and the configuration of the state evaluation device 10 is simplified. It will be advantageous on. Further, even if the appearance of the peeling boundary is not known, the peeling boundary can be easily determined based on the tapping sound detection waveform from the microphone that detects the sound pressure of the sound part and the peeling part.

Further, according to the first embodiment, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 is determined based on the comparison result between the amplitude of the first waveform and the predetermined first threshold value. It is advantageous in easily and surely determining the presence or absence of peeling of the material 2, and further, even if the aspect of the peeling boundary is not known, the presence or absence of peeling can be easily determined by the microphone within the peeling range.
Further, according to the first embodiment, the position in the thickness direction of the cavity (peeled portion) located on the back surface side of the exterior material 2 in the thickness direction of the exterior material 2 is determined based on the wavelength of the first waveform. Since the detection is performed, it is advantageous in easily and surely detecting the position of the cavity.

Further, according to the first embodiment, the waveform for one cycle that occurs first in the striking hammer vibration detection waveform is set as the second waveform, and the maximum value or the minimum value of the second waveform is temporally. When the time corresponding to the earlier value is set as the reference time, it is formed by the waveform data sampled from the time before the reference time among the waveform data sampled by the respective first to fourth sampling units 36A to 36D. Since the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the first waveform to be formed, the first waveform can be accurately obtained, and the state of the exterior material 2, that is, the peeled portion 6 of the exterior material 2, is sound. The portion 8 and the peeling boundary portion can be diagnosed at the same time by using the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D, which is advantageous in performing these diagnoses more accurately.

A trigger signal is generated from the drive signal supplied from the drive unit 30 to the solenoid 20, and each tapping sound detection waveform generated by the first to fourth detection circuits 34A to 34D is generated by the first to fourth sampling units 36A. It is possible to obtain the first waveform by sampling in synchronization with the trigger signal at ~ 36D, but it is disadvantageous in obtaining the first waveform stably and accurately because the drive signal varies with time. It becomes.
On the other hand, according to the first embodiment, the first waveform is based on the waveform data sampled from a time point earlier than the reference time obtained from the second waveform generated from the impact hammer vibration detection waveform. Is possible, which is more advantageous in obtaining the first waveform stably and accurately.

Further, according to the first embodiment, when the amplitude of the striking hammer side vibration detection waveform is less than a predetermined second threshold value, the samples are sampled by the first to fourth sampling units 36A to 36D, respectively. Since the evaluation of the state of the exterior material 2 is stopped by invalidating the waveform data, the case where the striking hammer 28 does not hit the surface of the exterior material 2 (blank hitting) or the hitting is insufficient. In addition, by stopping the evaluation of the state of the exterior material 2, it is possible to avoid making an erroneous evaluation, which is advantageous in accurately evaluating the state of the exterior material 2.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the second embodiment will be described.
In the second embodiment, in addition to the first waveform obtained from the respective tapping sound detection waveforms corresponding to the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D, the second waveform obtained from the striking hammer vibration detection waveform is used. It is detected and the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the time difference between the peak value of the first waveform and the peak value of the second waveform.
FIG. 11A is a diagram showing the detection results of the striking sound detection waveform and the striking hammer detection waveform in the sound portion of the exterior material 2, and FIG. 11B is the striking sound detection waveform and the striking hammer detection waveform in the peeling portion of the exterior material 2. It is a diagram which shows the detection result of.
In FIG. 10, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage of each waveform.

The waveform for one cycle that occurs first among the hit sound detection waveforms corresponding to the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D is set as the first waveform, and corresponds to the first waveform among the striking hammer vibration detection waveforms. The waveform for one cycle generated (first generated) is referred to as the second waveform.
The timely earlier value of the maximum value and the minimum value of the first waveform is set as the first peak value, and the timely earlier value of the maximum value and the minimum value of the second waveform is set as the second peak value. When the peak value is used, attention is paid to the time difference Δt between the first peak value and the second peak value.
As is clear from FIGS. 11A and 11B, when the time difference in the sound portion of the exterior material 2 is Δt1 and the time difference in the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 is Δt2, Δt1> Δt2.
Therefore, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 is determined by a plurality of data obtained by using the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D based on whether or not the time difference Δt is less than a predetermined third threshold value. It is clear that it can be done.
The third threshold value is sufficient to measure the adhesive state of the exterior material 2, in other words, the time difference Δt corresponding to each of the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2, and to reliably determine the peeling of the exterior material 2. The threshold value may be set.
Alternatively, a third threshold value may be set by actually measuring the time difference Δt in the sound portion of the exterior material 2 and multiplying the value of the time difference Δt by a predetermined constant or adding a constant.
Further, by actually measuring the time difference Δt and the position of the cavity (peeling portion), the correlation equation between the time difference Δt and the position of the cavity can be obtained. By using such a correlation equation, it is possible to detect the position of the cavity from the time difference Δt.

According to such a second embodiment, the time difference Δt between the peak value of the first waveform obtained from the tapping sound detection waveform and the peak value of the second waveform obtained from the vibration detection waveform on the striking hammer side Since the condition of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the above, the condition of the exterior material 2, that is, the peeled portion 6, the sound portion 8 and the peeled boundary portion of the exterior material 2 can be diagnosed at the same time, and these diagnoses can be shortened. It is advantageous in simplifying the configuration while performing it accurately in time.

(Third Embodiment)
In the second embodiment, a case where the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the time difference between the peak value of the first waveform and the peak value of the second waveform has been described.
On the other hand, in the third embodiment, the state of the exterior material is obtained by a plurality of data according to the number of microphones based on the ratio of the amplitude A1 of the first waveform and the amplitude A2 of the second waveform. evaluate.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, when the ratio A1 / A2 of the amplitude A1 of the first waveform and the amplitude A2 of the second waveform is considered, the ratio between the sound portion and the peeled portion is considered. Since A1 / A2 are significantly different, it is possible to evaluate the state of the exterior material 2 based on the value of this ratio A1 / A2.
Specifically, the evaluation unit 42 calculates the ratio A1 / A2 of the amplitude A1 of the first waveform and the amplitude A2 of the second waveform.
Then, the peeling of the exterior material is evaluated based on the result of comparison between the ratio A1 / A2 and the predetermined ratio threshold value B, that is, whether the ratio A1 / A2 exceeds or falls below the ratio threshold value B.
The amplitude of the second waveform is defined as the absolute value of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the second waveform. Alternatively, the amplitude of the second waveform may be the absolute value of the peak value (extreme value) of the first half of one cycle of the second waveform with reference to the reference value (voltage 0V) of the amplitude. It may be the absolute value of the peak value (extreme value) of the latter half of one cycle of the two waveforms.
Further, as the ratio threshold value B, the ratio A1 / A2 corresponding to each presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 may be actually measured, and the ratio threshold value B sufficient to reliably determine the peeling of the exterior material 2 may be set.
Alternatively, the ratio A1 / A2 may be actually measured in the sound portion of the exterior material 2, and the ratio threshold value B may be set by multiplying the ratio A1 / A2 by a predetermined constant or adding a constant.
According to the third embodiment, since the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the ratio A1 / A2 of the amplitude A1 of the first waveform and the amplitude A2 of the second waveform, the impact of the impact hammer 28 It is possible to suppress the variation in the evaluation result depending on the strength, and it is possible to simultaneously diagnose the state of the exterior material 2, that is, the peeled portion 6, the sound portion 8 and the peeled boundary portion of the exterior material 2, and further, these diagnoses are accurately evaluated. It is advantageous to do so.

(Fourth Embodiment)
Next, the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13.
The fourth embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and the same components and members as those in FIG. 1 shown in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. The description will be omitted.
The feature of the state evaluation device 10 shown in the fourth embodiment is that the part of the exterior material 2 corresponding to the evaluation result based on the evaluation result of the state of the exterior material 2 by the evaluation unit 42, that is, the peeling of the exterior material 2. The markings that can recognize these are made on the portion 6, the sound portion 8, and the peeling boundary portion.

As shown in FIG. 12, the state evaluation device 10 shown in the present embodiment has the same components as those shown in FIG. 1, and the detection unit 12 has a marking unit 52 that marks the exterior material 2. Is provided, and the main body unit 12 is provided with a marking drive unit 54 for operating the marking unit 52.

As shown in FIG. 13, the marking portion 52 includes, for example, a plurality of solenoid bodies 5202 corresponding to a sound portion, a peeling portion, and a peeling boundary portion of the exterior material 2, and a plurality of stamps corresponding to each of the solenoid bodies 5202. It is equipped with 5204.
Each solenoid body 5202 separately stamps each stamp 5204 corresponding to the stamp 5204, and is arranged inside the housing 16 and attached to the bottom wall 1602 via the bracket 5206.
Each solenoid body 5202 includes a marking rod 5208 that is supported up and down by a solenoid coil (not shown) built in the solenoid body 5202, and the marking rod 5208 is a solenoid coil built in the solenoid body 5202 (not shown). It is configured to be driven up and down by.
Stamps 5204 are attached to the lower ends of the marking rods 5208 of each solenoid body 5202.
Each stamp 5204 has a printed surface for imprinting a mark having a predetermined shape corresponding to a sound portion, a peeled portion, and a peeled boundary portion of the exterior material 2, and is impregnated with ink in advance, and the printed surface of the stamp 5204 is the exterior material. A mark having a predetermined shape is marked on the surface of the exterior material 2 by being stamped in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2.
The marking drive unit 54 supplies a drive current to the solenoid coil of each solenoid body 5202 based on the evaluation results according to the sound portion, the peeled portion, and the peeled boundary portion of the exterior material 2.

In the state evaluation device 10 configured as described above, the evaluation unit 42 determines the presence / absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 and the peeling boundary in the same procedure as in the first embodiment.
Here, when the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 hit by the striking hammer has peeling, the driving unit 54 drives the solenoid body 5202 for stamping the peeling among the plurality of solenoid bodies 5202. , The surface of the exterior material 2 is stamped by the stamp 5204. That is, the solenoid body 5202 operates the stamp 5204 via the marking rod 5208, and the stamp 5204 is brought into contact with the surface of the exterior material 2 through the opening 1604 formed in the bottom wall 1602, so that the evaluation unit 42 evaluates the state of the exterior material 2. Based on the result, the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 corresponding to the evaluation result is marked.
Further, when the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 hit by the striking hammer has a sound portion, the marking drive unit 54 drives the solenoid body 5202 for stamping the healthy portion among the plurality of solenoid bodies 5202. Then, the surface of the exterior material 2 is stamped with the stamp 5204. That is, the stamp 5204 is operated by the solenoid body 5202 via the marking rod 5208 and brought into contact with the surface of the exterior material 2 through the opening 1604, so that the evaluation result is based on the evaluation result of the state of the exterior material 2 by the evaluation unit 42. Marking is made on the sound part of the exterior material 2 corresponding to the above.
Further, when the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 hit by the striking hammer has a peeling boundary, the marking drive unit 54 drives the solenoid body 5202 for stamping the peeling among the plurality of solenoid bodies 5202. Then, the surface of the exterior material 2 is stamped with the stamp 5204. That is, the stamp 5204 is operated by the solenoid body 5202 via the marking rod 5208 and brought into contact with the surface of the exterior material 2 through the opening 1604, so that the evaluation result is based on the evaluation result of the state of the exterior material 2 by the evaluation unit 42. Marking is made at a portion of the exterior material 2 having a peeling boundary corresponding to the above.

According to the fourth embodiment as described above, it goes without saying that the effect of the first embodiment is exhibited, and the marking unit 52 determines the evaluation result of the state of the exterior material 2 by the evaluation unit 42. Based on this, since the marking is made on the part of the exterior material 2 corresponding to the evaluation result of the state of the exterior material 2, the place of the exterior material 2 is marked at the same time as the evaluation of the state of the exterior material 2.
Therefore, the evaluation result of the state of the exterior material 2, that is, the sound portion, the peeled portion, and the peeled boundary portion of the exterior material 2 can be visually confirmed, which is advantageous in improving the work efficiency.
In addition, marking can be performed in response to the evaluation of the state of the exterior material 2 without obstructing the work flow in which the worker evaluates the state of the exterior material 2, which is advantageous in improving work efficiency. ..
Further, it goes without saying that the marking unit 52 of the fourth embodiment can be applied to the second to third embodiments.
Further, the marking unit 52 may be of a type composed of one solenoid body 5202 and one stamp 5204.

Next, the striking response sound of the exterior material 2 is generated based on a case where the peeling determination of the exterior material 2 is performed based on the maximum amplitude of the striking sound detection waveform generated based on one microphone, and a case where the striking response sound of the exterior material 2 is determined based on a plurality of microphones. A case where the peeling determination of the exterior material 2 is performed based on the maximum amplitude of each tapping sound detection waveform will be compared and examined with reference to FIGS. 14 to 17.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory view when peeling diagnosis of the exterior material 2 including tiles on the outer surface of the building is performed using a state evaluation device having a detection unit 12 including one microphone 22, which is the same as FIG. The components have the same reference numerals. Further, one microphone 22 is attached to the side wall 1604 on the front side constituting the housing 16.
FIG. 15 shows the diagnosis result when the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material 2 is performed using such a detection unit 12.
In FIG. 15, the area surrounded by the thick line represents the portion where the peeling actually occurs, and the satin-finished part inside the area surrounded by the thick line is provided by a state evaluation device including one microphone 22. The tile 206 is diagnosed as having peeling, and the white background outside the area surrounded by the thick line is the tile 206 diagnosed as a healthy part by the state evaluation device.
As is clear from FIG. 15, when the striking point P1 of the striking hammer 28 against the exterior material 2 is located at the boundary between the peeling portion 6 and the sound portion 8, that is, at the peeling portion near the peeling portion 6, the microphone Although 22 is placed in a state of facing the sound portion 8, there is no microphone facing the peeled portion 6 of the exterior material 2 connected to the peeled portion. As a result, although the striking point P1 of the striking hammer 28 is the peeled portion and the peeled portion is generated, the tile 206 at the portion surrounded by the broken line in FIG. 15 is a sound portion without peeling. Will be diagnosed.

FIG. 16 includes tile 206 on the outer surface of the building using a state evaluation device having a detection unit 12 including two microphones 22A and 22B arranged symmetrically with respect to the striking portion 20 at equal distances from the center. It is explanatory drawing when the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material 2 is performed, and the same reference numeral is attached to the same component as FIG. Of the two microphones, one microphone 22A is attached to the side wall 1604 on the front surface side of the housing 16, and the other microphone 22B is attached to the side wall 1606 on the rear surface side of the housing 16.
FIG. 17 shows the diagnosis result when the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material 2 is performed using such a detection unit 12.
In FIG. 17, the area surrounded by the thick line represents the portion where the peeling actually occurs, and the satin-finished part inside the area surrounded by the thick line is a state evaluation including two microphones 22A and 22B. Tile 206 diagnosed as having peeling based on the maximum amplitude of each tapping sound detection waveform generated by the device based on at least one microphone, and a white background outside the area surrounded by the thick line. The part marked with is a part diagnosed as a sound part based on the maximum amplitude of each tapping sound detection waveform generated based on all the microphones by the state evaluation device.
As is clear from FIG. 17, when the striking point P1 of the striking hammer 28 against the exterior material 2 is located at the boundary between the peeling portion 6 and the sound portion 8, that is, at the peeling portion near the peeling portion 6, one side. Even if the microphone 22A of No. 1 is placed facing the sound portion 8, the other microphone 22B faces the peeling portion 6 of the exterior material 2 which is connected to the peeling portion. As a result, the hitting sound generated by being hit by the hitting hammer 28 can be detected by the other microphone 22B. As a result, it becomes possible to diagnose the peeled portion where the peeling has occurred.
Therefore, in the amplitude-type state evaluation device including one microphone 22, it was diagnosed as a sound part even though the tile 206 at the portion surrounded by the broken line is peeled off as shown in FIG. However, in the amplitude type state evaluation device including the two microphones 22A and 22B, it is possible to diagnose that the tile 206 connected to the peeled portion edge of the portion surrounded by the broken line in FIG. 16 is peeled. Therefore, the correct answer rate of the peeled portion and the correct answer rate of the sound portion of the exterior material 2 can be significantly improved.
This indicates that, as shown in the present embodiment, the correct answer rate of the peeled portion and the correct answer rate of the sound portion of the exterior material 2 can be further improved by providing two or four or more microphones.

(Fifth Embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 to 21.
In FIG. 18, the state evaluation device 10 shown in the fifth embodiment is composed of a detection unit 12 and a main body unit 14.
The detection unit 12 is used by being held by an operator and applied to the surface of the exterior material 2 whose state should be evaluated, and the main body unit 14 represents a tapping sound or vibration detected by the detection unit 12. The state of the exterior material 2 (healthy portion, sound portion end portion, peeled portion step portion, peeled portion, etc.) of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on the signal.
The detection unit 12 and the main body unit 14 are connected by a cable 11 for transmitting a signal.

As shown in FIGS. 19 to 21, the detection unit 12 includes a housing 16, a base 18, a striking portion 20, a first microphone 22A, a second microphone 22B, a third microphone 22C, and a fourth microphone. It is composed of 22D, a striking hammer vibration sensor 24, and a marking portion 52.
The base 18 has a rectangular flat plate shape, and can move on the surface of the exterior material 2 with the lower surface of the base 18 in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2.
The housing 16 includes four side walls 1602, 1604, 1606, 1608 that stand up from the four sides of the base 18, and a top plate 1610 that connects the upper portions of the four side walls 1602, 1604, 1606, 1608.
The base 18 is provided with a first opening 1802 in which the striking hammer 28 described later appears and a second opening 1804 in which the stamp 5204 described later appears.
Since the housing 16, the base 18, and the striking portion 20 in the second embodiment are configured in the same manner as the housing 16, the base 18, and the striking portion 20 shown in the first embodiment, the first embodiment. The same reference numerals as those shown in the above-described form are given, and the description of the configuration is omitted.

The first microphone 22A, the second microphone 22B, the third microphone 22C, and the fourth microphone 22D are respectively on the four side walls of the housing 16 as in the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D shown in the first embodiment. Since it is attached and has the same configuration, the same reference numerals as those shown in the first embodiment will be added and the description of the configuration will be omitted.

Since the striking hammer vibration sensor 24 in the second embodiment has the same configuration as the striking hammer vibration sensor 24 shown in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those shown in the first embodiment are used. The description of the configuration will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 18, the main body unit 14 includes a drive unit 30, an operation unit 32, a first sonication type generative part 46A, a second sonication type generative part 46B, and a third sonication type generative part 46C. And the 4th sound wave type vibrating unit 46D, the first effective value calculation unit 48A with the sampling unit 4802A, the second effective value calculation unit 48B with the sampling unit 4802B, and the third effective value calculation with the sampling unit 4802C. A unit 48C, a fourth effective value calculation unit 48D with a sampling unit 4802D, a striking hammer vibration detection unit 38, a striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40, an evaluation unit 42, an output unit 44, and a marking drive unit 54. It is configured to include.

Since the impact driving unit 30 and the operating unit 32 in the second embodiment are configured in the same manner as the impact driving unit 30 and the operating unit 32 shown in the first embodiment, they are shown in the first embodiment. The same reference numerals are given as in the case, and the description of the configuration is omitted.

The first striking sound wave generation unit 46A generates an electric signal from the first microphone 22A into a striking sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2.
The second striking sound wave generation unit 46B generates an electric signal from the second microphone 22B into a striking sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2.
The third striking sound wave generation unit 46C generates an electric signal from the second microphone 22C into a striking sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2.
The fourth hammering sound wave generation unit 46D generates an electric signal from the fourth microphone 22D into a tapping sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the impact response sound of the exterior material 2.

In the first effective value calculation unit 48A with the sampling unit 4802A, the sampling unit 4802A has, for example, the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. The tapping sound detection waveform generated by the first sound wave type generator 46A is sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency (for example, 500 kHz) within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms). The first effective value calculation unit 48A obtains the first effective value Arms1 by taking the square root of the average value of the squares of the squares of each instantaneous value obtained by the sampling unit 4802A. ..
In the second effective value calculation unit 48B with the sampling unit 4802B, the sampling unit 4802B has, for example, the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. The tapping sound detection waveform generated by the second striking sound wave generation unit 46B within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms) is sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency (for example, 500 kHz). The second effective value calculation unit 48B obtains the first effective value Arms1 by taking the square root of the average value of the squares of the squares of each instantaneous value obtained by the sampling unit 4802B. ..
In the third effective value calculation unit 48C with the sampling unit 4602C, the sampling unit 4802C has, for example, the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. The tapping sound detection waveform generated by the third sound wave type generator 46C is sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency (for example, 500 kHz) within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms). The third effective value calculation unit 48C obtains the first effective value Arms1 by taking the square root of the average value of the squares of the squares of each instantaneous value obtained by the sampling unit 4802C. ..
In the fourth effective value calculation unit 48D with the sampling unit 4802D, the sampling unit 4802D has, for example, the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. The tapping sound detection waveform generated by the fourth sound wave type generator 46D is sampled at a predetermined sampling frequency (for example, 500 kHz) within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms). The fourth effective value calculation unit 48D obtains the first effective value Arms1 by taking the square root of the average value of the squares of the squares of each instantaneous value obtained by the sampling unit 4802D. ..

Since the striking hammer vibration detection unit 38 in the second embodiment is configured in the same manner as the striking hammer vibration detection unit 38 shown in the first embodiment, it is the same as the case shown in the first embodiment. Reference numerals will be given and the description of the configuration will be omitted.
The striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 obtains an instantaneous value (amplitude) by sampling the striking hammer vibration detection waveform generated by the striking hammer vibration detecting unit 38 at a predetermined sampling frequency.
Here, the time when the instantaneous value (amplitude) of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform reaches a predetermined threshold value is defined as the threshold value arrival time, and the time point retroactive from the threshold value arrival time by a preset time is acquired as the tapping sound detection waveform. When the start time is set, the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 samples the sampling units 4802A to 4802D of the first to fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D at a time point set in advance from the acquisition start time. It is output as a start trigger command signal, and the instantaneous value sampled by the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is supplied to the evaluation unit 42 as amplitude data.
In other words, the sampling start time of the tapping sound detection waveform by the sampling units 4802A to 4802D is a time point after a predetermined fixed time from the acquisition start time.

The tapping sound detection waveforms may be sampled by the sampling units 4802A to 4802D as follows.
When the time point at which the amplitude of the hitting hammer vibration detection waveform becomes the maximum value is set as the reference time, the hitting hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is set to a time point after a predetermined time from the reference time or a predetermined time from the reference time. An instantaneous value that is output as a trigger command signal for starting sampling to each of the sampling units 4802A to 4802D of the first to fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D at a time retroactive to a certain time, and is sampled by the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40. Is supplied to the evaluation unit 42 as amplitude data.
In other words, the sampling start time of the tapping sound detection waveform by the sampling units 4802A to 4802D is a time point after a predetermined fixed time from the reference time, or a time point retroactively from the reference time by a predetermined fixed time.

The evaluation unit 42 in the second embodiment is predetermined based on the respective first effective value Arms1 calculated by the first to fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D and the respective first effective value Arms1. The maximum amplitude Pmax is extracted from the first evaluation function for evaluating the state of the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result with the first threshold value and the amplitude data supplied from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40. The first effective value Arms1 calculated by the first to fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D is divided by the maximum amplitude Pmax to calculate the second effective value Arms2 in which the variation in striking force is corrected (averaged). It has a second evaluation function for evaluating the state of the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result between the second effective value Arms 2 and the second threshold value predetermined based on the second effective value Arms 2.

Since the output unit 44 in the second embodiment is configured in the same manner as the output unit 44 shown in the first embodiment, it is designated by the same reference numerals as those shown in the first embodiment. The configuration description will be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the marking unit 52 in the second embodiment includes a solenoid main body 5202 and a stamp 5204.
The solenoid body 5202 is installed on a base 1612 installed on a base 18 in the housing 16.
The solenoid body 5202 has a marking rod 5206 provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction orthogonal to the surface of the exterior material 2 while the base 18 is in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2, and the marking rod 5206 is retracted (non-retracted). It is provided with a return spring 5208 that returns to the stamped position).
The marking rod 5206 is moved toward the surface of the exterior material 2 against the return spring 5208 by supplying a drive current to the coil of the solenoid body 5202, and the return spring 5208 stops the supply of the drive current. It is configured to return and move to the retracted end.
As shown in FIG. 20, the stamp 5204 is attached to the lower end of the marking rod 5206, and when the marking rod 5206 moves, it appears and disappears through the second opening 1804 of the base 18.
The stamp 5204 has a printed surface for imprinting a mark having a predetermined shape, and is impregnated with ink in advance. The printed surface of the stamp 5204 abuts on the surface of the exterior material 2 and is stamped to form a mark having a predetermined shape. The surface of the exterior material 2 is marked.
When a driving current is supplied to the coil of the solenoid body 5202 with the lower surface of the base 18 in contact with the surface of the exterior material 2, the marking rod 5206 is directed toward the surface of the exterior material 2 from the second opening 1804 of the base 18. By moving to the protruding position, the stamp 5204 abuts on the surface of the exterior material 2, the marking rod 5206 moves to the retracted end by the return spring 5208 due to the stop supply of the drive current to the coil of the solenoid body 5202, and the stamp 5204 is the exterior. Separate from the surface of the material 2.
Since the marking driving unit 54 in the fifth embodiment has the same configuration as the marking unit 54 shown in the fourth embodiment, its configuration description will be omitted.

Next, refer to FIG. 22 for a case where the hitting sound detection waveform having the amplitude corresponding to the hitting response sound generated by the first to fourth hitting sound wave generation units 46A to 46D is sampled to obtain the first effective value. I will explain.
The waveform shown in FIG. 22 (A) is a striking response sound wave type in which the exterior material 2 is peeled off from the building frame, and the corrugation shown in FIG. 22 (B) is the striking force of the striking hammer 28 of the striking portion 20. Is the maximum amplitude waveform (Pmax) of.
When obtaining the first effective value Arms1 from the impact response sound of the peeled exterior material 2, the instantaneous value obtained by sampling the impact hammer vibration detection waveform from the impact hammer vibration detection unit 38 with the impact hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is obtained. When a predetermined threshold is reached, a trigger command signal is supplied from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 to the respective sampling units 4802A to 4802D of the first to fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D. Along with this, in the sampling units 4802A to 4802D, the tapping sound detection waveforms generated by the first to fourth impact sound wave generation units 46A to 46D are calculated based on the time when the trigger command is received. Sampling is performed at a predetermined sampling cycle from the acquisition start time of the above to a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms). Then, the instantaneous value obtained for each sampling is supplied to the first to fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D, and the first effective value Arms1 is obtained by the first to fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D6.

Next, the operation of the state evaluation device 10 shown in the fifth embodiment will be described.
First, by operating the operating portion 32, the striking hammer 28 of the striking portion 20 strikes the surface of the exterior material 2. As a result, each tapping sound transmitted to the portion facing the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D through the exterior material 2 is detected by the respective first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D, and further, each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D. The fourth striking sound wave generation units 46A to 46D generate a striking sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2.
After that, each of the sampling units 4802A to 4802D of the first to fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D receives a tapping sound calculated based on the time when the trigger command signal for starting sampling from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is received. From the acquisition start time of the detection waveform, the tapping sound detection waveform generated within a preset time (for example, 0.2 to 0.4 ms) is sampled at a predetermined sampling cycle. Further, each of the first to fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D calculates the first effective value Arms1 based on the instantaneous value obtained for each sampling and supplies it to the evaluation unit 42.
The evaluation unit 42 uses the exterior material for each of the first to fourth microphones 22A to 22D based on the comparison result between the first effective value Arms1 and the first threshold value or the comparison result between the second effective value Arms2 and the second threshold value. The presence or absence of peeling of 2 and the state of the exterior pair material 2 including the end of the sound portion and the end of the peeled portion are determined.
The output unit 44 outputs the determination result of the presence / absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 from the evaluation unit 42 and the state including the sound portion end portion and the peeled portion end portion. Further, when the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 hit by the striking hammer 28 has peeling, or when the exterior material 2 has a sound portion end or a peeling portion end, the marking portion 52 The stamp 5204 is driven to stamp a portion on the surface of the exterior material 2 where there is peeling, or a portion having a sound portion end or a peeled portion end.

As described above, according to the state evaluation device 10 shown in the fifth embodiment, the striking sound generated when the surface of the exterior material 2 adhered to the building frame is striked by the striking hammer 28 is produced by the striking hammer 28. A tapping sound detection waveform is generated for each microphone by detecting with four microphones 22A to 22D arranged at equal distances from the center of the striking point, and each detection signal detected for each of the microphones 22. Is generated in a striking sound detection waveform having an amplitude corresponding to the striking response sound of the exterior material 2 by the respective first to fourth striking sound type generating units 46A to 46D, and a trigger command signal from the striking hammer vibration sampling unit 40 is generated. From the acquisition start time of the tapping sound detection waveform calculated based on the received time, the tapping sound detection waveform generated within a preset time is obtained from the first and second effective value calculation units 48A to 48D, respectively. Sampling units 4802A to 4802D sample at a predetermined sampling cycle, and the first and second effective value calculation units 48A to 48D calculate the first effective value Arms1 based on the instantaneous values obtained for each sampling. The evaluation unit 42 evaluates the state of the exterior material 2 based on the comparison result between the first effective value Arms1 and the first threshold value determined in advance based on the first effective value Arms1.
Therefore, even if the type of exterior material 2 such as tiles constituting the surface of the building, the method of attaching the exterior material 2 or the properties of the peeled portion of the exterior material 2 are different, the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 and the end of the sound portion It is possible to improve the determination accuracy of the evaluation of the state of the exterior material 2 including the edge of the peeled portion and the evaluation efficiency of the exterior material 2, and also to improve the correct answer rate of the peeled portion and the correct answer rate of the sound portion of the exterior material 2. It can be greatly improved.
Further, according to the fifth embodiment, the first time point is when the amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform detected by the striking hammer vibration detecting unit 38 reaches a predetermined threshold value after the striking unit 20 is activated. Since the sampling start time of the tapping sound detection waveform by the respective sampling units 4802A to 4802D of the fourth effective value calculation units 48A to 48D is set, the type of exterior material 2, the method of attaching the exterior material 2, or the exterior material 2 Even if the properties of the peeled portion are different, it is advantageous in calculating the first effective value that is effective for evaluating the presence or absence of peeling and the condition of the exterior material 2 including the sound portion end portion and the peeled portion end portion with high accuracy. It becomes.
Further, according to the fifth embodiment, the second effective value in which the variation in the striking force is corrected is calculated by dividing the first effective value by the maximum amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform, and the second effective value is calculated. And based on this, the state of the exterior material 2 is evaluated based on a predetermined second threshold value, so that the presence or absence of peeling and the end of the sound portion can be determined regardless of the variation in the striking force. In addition to being advantageous in improving the stability and accuracy of the state evaluation of the exterior material 2 including the end of the peeled portion, the correct answer rate of the peeled portion and the correct answer rate of the sound portion of the exterior material 2 can be further improved.
Further, according to the fifth embodiment, when the evaluation unit 42 determines that the exterior material 2 hit by the striking hammer has peeling, the marking unit 52 is driven to drive the surface of the exterior material 2 having peeling. Can be stamped on the part of the exterior material 2 or the end of the sound part or the end of the peeled part, and the presence or absence of peeling of the exterior material 2 to the building frame and the state of the exterior material 2 including the end of the sound part and the end of the peeled part are evaluated. The result can be visually confirmed, which is advantageous in improving work efficiency.

Next, the striking response sound of the exterior material 2 is generated based on a case where the peeling determination of the exterior material 2 is performed based on the effective value of the striking sound detection waveform generated based on one microphone, and a case where the peeling response sound of the exterior material 2 is determined based on a plurality of microphones. A case where the peeling determination of the exterior material 2 is performed based on the effective value of each tapping sound detection waveform will be compared and examined with reference to FIGS. 23 to 26.
FIG. 23 is an explanatory view when peeling diagnosis of the exterior material 2 including the tile 206 on the outer surface of the building is performed using a state evaluation device having the detection unit 12 provided with one microphone 22, which is the same as FIG. The same reference numerals are given to the components of. Further, one microphone 22 is attached to the side wall 1604 on the front side constituting the housing 16.
FIG. 24 shows the diagnosis result when the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material 2 is performed using such a detection unit 12.
In FIG. 24, the region surrounded by the thick line represents the portion where the peeling actually occurs, and the satin-finished portion inside the region surrounded by the thick line is provided by a state evaluation device including one microphone 22. The tile 206 is diagnosed as having peeling, and the white background outside the area surrounded by the thick line is the tile 206 diagnosed as a healthy part by the state evaluation device.
As is clear from FIG. 23, when the striking point P1 of the striking hammer 28 against the exterior material 2 is located at the boundary between the peeling portion 6 and the sound portion 8, that is, at the peeling portion near the peeling portion 6, the microphone Although 22 is placed in a state of facing the sound portion 8, there is no microphone facing the peeled portion 6 of the exterior material 2 connected to the peeled portion. As a result, although the striking point P1 of the striking hammer 28 is the peeled portion and the peeled portion is generated, the tile 206 at the portion surrounded by the broken line in FIG. 23 is a sound portion without peeling. Will be diagnosed.

FIG. 25 includes tiles 206 on the outer surface of the building using a state evaluation device having a detection unit 12 having two microphones 22A and 22B arranged symmetrically with respect to the striking portion 20 at equal distances from the center. It is explanatory drawing when the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material 2 is performed, and the same reference numeral is attached to the same component as FIG. Of the two microphones, one microphone 22A is also attached to the side wall 1604 on the front surface side of the housing 16, and the other microphone 22B is attached to the side wall 1606 on the rear surface side of the housing 16.
FIG. 26 shows the diagnosis result when the peeling diagnosis of the exterior material 2 is performed using such a detection unit 12.
In FIG. 26, the area surrounded by the thick line represents the portion where the peeling actually occurs, and the satin-finished part inside the area surrounded by the thick line is a state evaluation including two microphones 22A and 22B. Tile 206 diagnosed as having peeling based on the effective value of the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the device based on at least one microphone, and a white background outside the area surrounded by the thick line. Is a tile 206 diagnosed as a sound portion based on the effective value of the tapping sound detection waveform generated based on all the microphones by the state evaluation device.
As is clear from FIG. 26, when the striking point P1 of the striking hammer 28 against the exterior material 2 is located at the boundary between the peeling portion 6 and the sound portion 8, that is, at the peeling portion near the peeling portion 6, one side. Even if the microphone 22A of the above is in a state of facing the sound portion 8, the other microphone 22B faces the peeling portion 6 of the exterior material 2 connected to the peeling portion, so that the microphone 22A is hit by the striking hammer 28. The tapping sound generated by the above can be detected by the other microphone 22B. As a result, it becomes possible to diagnose the peeled portion where the peeling has occurred.
Therefore, in the effective value method state evaluation device including one microphone 22, it is diagnosed as a sound part even though the tile 206 at the portion surrounded by the broken line is peeled off as shown in FIG. 24. However, in the effective value method state evaluation device provided with two microphones 22A and 22B, it is possible to diagnose that the tile 206 connected to the peeled portion edge of the portion surrounded by the broken line in FIG. 26 is peeled off. become. As a result, the correct answer rate for the peeled portion and the correct answer rate for the sound portion of the exterior material 2 can be significantly improved.
This indicates that, as shown in the present embodiment, the correct answer rate of the peeled portion and the correct answer rate of the sound portion of the exterior material 2 can be further improved by providing two or four or more microphones.

In the above embodiment, the case where the object to be inspected is a building and the adhesive state such as floating or peeling of the exterior material 2 such as tile is evaluated has been described. However, the present invention has described the case where the exterior material such as tile or mortar is evaluated. If is not provided, in addition to the outer surface of the building, when evaluating the internal condition near the outer surface of the building, or if an exterior material such as tile or mortar is provided, the surface of the exterior material In addition, it can be widely applied when evaluating the exterior material portion inside the surface of the exterior material, the surface of the building frame inside the exterior material, or the inside near the surface.
Further, the present invention can be widely applied when evaluating the floor, ceiling, wall surface, concrete skeleton, etc. in the interior of a building.
Further, the present invention is not limited to buildings, and can be widely applied when evaluating structures such as viaducts and dams.
Further, in the fourth embodiment, the case of marking the sound portion and the peeled portion of the exterior material by using a stamp impregnated with ink in advance has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one or more. It is also possible to use an ink injection type marking portion in which ink is ejected from a plurality of ink tanks of different colors to mark the sound portion and the peeled portion of the exterior material.
Further, in the present embodiment, when the waveform for one cycle generated at the Nth (N is a natural number of 1 or more) among the tapping sound detection waveforms generated for each microphone is set as the first waveform, the first waveform is used. The state of the inspection object is evaluated based on the amplitude or wavelength of the waveform of No. 1, but the evaluation of the state of the inspection object is not limited to the amplitude or wavelength of the Nth waveform described above and is arbitrary. .. However, the evaluation as described above is advantageous in more accurately evaluating the state of the inspection object.

2 Exterior material 10 Condition evaluation device 20 Strike unit 22A 1st microphone 22B 2nd microphone 22C 3rd microphone 22D 4th microphone 24 Strike hammer vibration sensor 26 Solvent 28 Strike hammer 30 Drive unit 32 Operation unit 34A 1st detection circuit 34B 2nd Detection circuit 34C 3rd detection circuit 34D 4th detection circuit 4A 1st detection circuit 36A 1st sampling unit 36B 2nd sampling unit 36C 3rd sampling unit 36D 4th sampling unit 38 Blow hammer vibration detection circuit 40 Blow hammer vibration sampling unit 42 Evaluation unit 44 Output unit 46A 1st sound wave type vibrating unit 46B 2nd sound wave type vibrating unit 46C 3rd sound wave type vibrating unit 46D 4th striking sound wave type vibrating unit 48A 1st effective value calculation unit 48B 2nd effective value calculation Unit 48C Third effective value calculation unit 48D Fourth effective value calculation unit 4802A Sampling unit 4802B Sampling unit 4802C Sampling unit 4802D Sampling unit 52 Marking unit 54 Drive unit

Claims (12)

It is a state evaluation device for an inspection object that evaluates the state of the inspection object including the presence / absence of peeling of the inspection object constituting the surface of the building and the peeling boundary with respect to the building frame.
A striking portion provided in the housing and striking the surface of the inspection object with a striking hammer that appears and disappears from an opening provided in the housing.
On the outer surface of the housing, the sound receiving surface is arranged so as to face the surface of the inspection object, and the hitting sound generated by the hitting of the hitting hammer is picked up and the detection signals corresponding to the hitting sound are collected. Generates multiple microphones and
A plurality of detection circuits that generate a tapping sound detection waveform for each microphone based on each detection signal generated by each microphone, and
An evaluation unit that evaluates the state of the inspection target portion facing each microphone based on the tapping sound detection waveform for each microphone.
A condition evaluation device for an inspection object, which comprises. A marking unit for marking the surface of the inspection object corresponding to the evaluation result of the presence / absence of peeling by the evaluation unit and the evaluation of the peeling boundary is provided.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 1. The plurality of microphones are arranged symmetrically at equal distances from the center of the striking portion.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. When the waveform for one cycle of the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the detection circuit is set as the first waveform, the evaluation unit is predetermined as the amplitude of the first waveform for each microphone. Based on the comparison result with the first threshold value, the state of the portion of the inspection object facing each microphone is evaluated.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that. When the waveform for one cycle of the tapping sound detection waveform generated by the detection circuit is set as the first waveform, the evaluation unit is predetermined as the wavelength of the first waveform for each microphone. Based on the comparison result with the first threshold value, the state of the portion of the inspection object facing each microphone is evaluated.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that. The housing has a bottom wall provided with the opening, a plurality of side walls rising from the bottom wall, and an upper wall connecting the upper portions of the plurality of side walls to each other.
Each of the plurality of microphones is attached to the lower part of the outer surface of the side wall via a vibration-proof rubber.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that. A striking hammer vibration sensor that detects the vibration generated by the striking hammer and generates a detection signal,
It further includes a striking hammer vibration detection circuit that generates a striking hammer vibration detection waveform based on the detection signal.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that. When the amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform is less than a predetermined second threshold value, the evaluation unit stops the evaluation of the state of the inspection target portion facing each microphone.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 7. When the amplitude of the striking hammer vibration detection waveform is less than a predetermined second threshold value, the evaluation unit notifies the output unit that the measurement is to be redone.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 7 or 8. A striking hammer vibration sensor that detects the vibration generated by the striking hammer and generates a detection signal,
A striking hammer vibration detection circuit that generates a striking hammer vibration detection waveform based on the detection signal,
A striking hammer vibration sampling unit that samples the striking hammer vibration detection waveform and supplies the sampling result to the evaluation unit is further provided.
When the waveform for one cycle generated corresponding to the first waveform among the impact hammer vibration detection waveforms is used as the second waveform, the evaluation unit determines the maximum value or the minimum value of the second waveform. The state of the inspection target portion facing each microphone is evaluated based on the tapping sound detection waveform at a time point earlier than the reference time corresponding to the earlier value in time.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 4 or 5. A striking hammer vibration sensor that detects the vibration generated by the striking hammer and generates a detection signal,
A striking hammer vibration detection circuit that generates a striking hammer vibration detection waveform based on the detection signal is further provided.
Of the impact hammer vibration detection waveforms, the waveform for one cycle generated corresponding to the first waveform is defined as the second waveform.
It is set as the first time when the first peak value, which is the earlier value of the maximum value or the minimum value of the first waveform in time, occurs, and
When the second peak value, which is the earlier value of the maximum value or the minimum value of the second waveform, occurs, is set as the second time.
The evaluation unit evaluates the state of the inspection object based on the time difference between the first time and the second time.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 4 or 5. A striking hammer vibration sensor that detects the vibration generated by the striking hammer and generates a detection signal,
A striking hammer vibration detection circuit that generates a striking hammer vibration detection waveform based on the detection signal is further provided.
When the waveform for one cycle generated corresponding to the first waveform among the impact hammer vibration detection waveforms is used as the second waveform, the evaluation unit uses the first amplitude of the first waveform and the said waveform. The state of the inspection object is evaluated by comparing the ratio of the second waveform with the second amplitude to a predetermined ratio threshold value.
The state evaluation device for an inspection object according to claim 4 or 5.

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