JP2020526668A - 界面接触抵抗が低い材料、その使用、及び該材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
界面接触抵抗が低い材料、その使用、及び該材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020526668A JP2020526668A JP2020501300A JP2020501300A JP2020526668A JP 2020526668 A JP2020526668 A JP 2020526668A JP 2020501300 A JP2020501300 A JP 2020501300A JP 2020501300 A JP2020501300 A JP 2020501300A JP 2020526668 A JP2020526668 A JP 2020526668A
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- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- molybdenum
- layer
- contact resistance
- interfacial contact
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 208
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000002751 molybdenum Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical group [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical group [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 159
- 229910003294 NiMo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000922 High-strength low-alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003271 Ni-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 anion sulphate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000337 buffer salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000024121 nodulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
- C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0405—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0436—Cold rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
- H01M50/128—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
- H01M50/164—Lids or covers characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/521—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material
- H01M50/522—Inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/521—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material
- H01M50/526—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material having a layered structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/545—Terminals formed by the casing of the cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/10—Batteries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/54—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of metals not provided for in groups C25D3/04 - C25D3/50
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
- C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
冷間圧延ストリップの形態で鋼基材を供給し、
鋼基材の片側又は両側にニッケル層を設け、それにより、ニッケルめっきされた基材を形成し、
ニッケルめっきされた基材上に、水溶液由来の酸化モリブデン層を電着し、ここで、めっき基材は、カソードとして機能し、水溶液は、モリブデン塩及びアルカリ金属リン酸塩を含み、水溶液のpHは、4.0〜6.5に調整されており、
酸化モリブデン層が設けられためっき基材を、還元性雰囲気中でアニーリングステップに供し、それにより、還元アニーリングステップにおいて酸化モリブデン層中の酸化モリブデンを、少なくとも部分的に、好ましくは完全に、モリブデン金属に還元するとともに、それと同時に、又は、その後、アニーリングステップにおいて、ニッケル及びモリブデンを含む拡散層を形成し、ここで、ニッケルは、ニッケル又はニッケル系層に由来し、モリブデンは、酸化モリブデン層に由来することを含む。
ニッケルめっきされた基材上に酸化モリブデン層を電着するための水溶液の温度は、40℃〜75℃であり、かつ/あるいは
ニッケルめっきされた基材上に酸化モリブデン層を電着するためのめっき時間は、5〜30秒であり、かつ/あるいは
ニッケルめっきされた基材上に酸化モリブデン層を電着するための電流密度は、2〜25A/dm2であり、かつ/あるいは
アニーリングステップの間の最高アニーリング温度は、500〜1050℃であり、かつ/あるいは
アニーリング時間は、バッチアニーリングプロセスの場合は6〜10時間であり、連続アニーリングプロセスの場合は10〜120秒である。
10〜50g/Lの(NH4)6Mo7O24、及び/又は
20〜80g/LのNaH2PO4
を含む。
界面接触抵抗が低い材料から製造されたブランクから鋼缶を製造するための深絞り加工及び/又は壁しごき加工ステップであって、ブランクの、ニッケル−モリブデン合金層(3)が設けられた側が、缶の内側となる深絞り加工及び/又は壁しごき加工ステップ、及び/又は
界面接触抵抗が低い材料から鋼缶の開口端を覆うキャップを製造するための成形ステップであって、キャップの、ニッケル−モリブデン合金層(3)が設けられた側が、キャップの内側となる成形ステップ
を含む。
0.25mmの低炭素の冷間圧延鋼ストリップ(DC04(EN10139)、76%CR、610℃においてアニーリング)の両側に1.8μmのニッケルをコーティングし、片側に77.5mg/m2のモリブデンをコーティングした(サンプル330)。0.61mmの低炭素の冷間圧延鋼ストリップ(DC04(EN10139)、2回圧延CR1=78%、再結晶化アニーリング、CR2=55%、610℃においてアニーリング)の両側に3.2μmのニッケルをコーティングし、50mg/m2のモリブデンをコーティングした(サンプル257)。Mo含有量はアニーリング後に決定されるが、Moは消失しないため、アニーリングの前後で量は同じである。全てのサンプルは調質圧延された。
Claims (15)
- 電池又はコネクタに使用するための、界面接触抵抗が低い材料を製造する方法であって、
冷間圧延ストリップの形態で鋼基材を供給し、
前記鋼基材の片側又は両側にニッケル又はニッケル系層を設け、それにより、めっき基材を形成し、
前記めっき基材上に、水溶液由来の酸化モリブデン層を電着し、ここで、前記めっき基材は、カソードとして機能し、前記水溶液は、モリブデン塩及びアルカリ金属リン酸塩を含み、前記水溶液のpHは、4.0〜6.5に調整されており、
前記酸化モリブデン層が設けられた前記めっき基材を、還元性雰囲気中でアニーリングステップに供し、それにより、還元アニーリングステップにおいて前記酸化モリブデン層中の酸化モリブデンを、少なくとも部分的に、好ましくは完全に、モリブデン金属に還元するとともに、それと同時に、又は、その後、前記アニーリングステップにおいて、ニッケル及びモリブデンを含む拡散層を形成し、ここで、前記ニッケルは、前記ニッケル又はニッケル系層に由来し、前記モリブデンは、前記酸化モリブデン層に由来する、方法。 - 前記モリブデン塩が、モリブデン酸アンモニウムである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記リン酸塩が、リン酸二水素ナトリウムである、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記基材上に設けられた前記ニッケル又はニッケル系層が、0.5〜5μmの厚みを有し、かつ/あるいは、前記拡散層が、10〜200nmの厚みを有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ニッケルめっきされた鋼基材上に前記酸化モリブデン層を電着するための前記水溶液の温度が、40℃〜75℃であり、かつ/あるいは
前記ニッケルめっきされた鋼基材上に前記酸化モリブデン層を電着するためのめっき時間が、5〜30秒であり、かつ/あるいは
前記ニッケルめっきされた鋼基材上に前記酸化モリブデン層を電着するための電流密度が、2〜25A/dm2であり、かつ/あるいは
前記アニーリングステップの間の最高アニーリング温度が、500〜1050℃であり、かつ/あるいは
アニーリング時間が、バッチアニーリングプロセスの場合は6〜10時間であり、連続アニーリングプロセスの場合は10〜120秒である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記ニッケルめっきされた鋼基材上に前記酸化モリブデン層を電着するための前記水溶液が、
10〜50g/Lの(NH4)6Mo7O24、及び/又は
20〜80g/LのNaH2PO4
を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記電池を製造するプロセスが、
前記界面接触抵抗が低い材料から製造されたブランクから鋼缶を製造するための深絞り加工及び/又は壁しごき加工ステップであって、前記ブランクの、前記ニッケル−モリブデン合金層(3)が設けられた側が、前記缶の内側となる深絞り加工及び/又は壁しごき加工ステップ、及び/又は、
前記界面接触抵抗が低い材料から鋼缶の開口端を覆うキャップを製造するための成形ステップであって、前記キャップの、前記ニッケル−モリブデン合金層(3)が設けられた側が、前記キャップの内側となる成形ステップ
を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記界面接触抵抗が低い材料が、コネクタ材料としての使用に適切な形態において提供され、前記コネクタ材料が、個々の電池を電池パックに接続するために使用され、前記コネクタ材料の、前記ニッケル−モリブデン合金層が設けられた側が、個々の電池のアノード又はカソードに接続される、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 電池又はコネクタに使用するための界面接触抵抗が低い材料であって、前記界面接触抵抗が低い材料は、片側にニッケル層(2b)が設けられているとともに、反対側にニッケル及びモリブデンを含む拡散層であるニッケル−モリブデン合金層(3)が設けられている鋼ストリップ基材(1)を含み、前記ニッケルは、前記ニッケル又はニッケル系層に由来し、前記モリブデンは、前記酸化モリブデン層の少なくとも部分的な、好ましくは完全な還元によって生じ、前記ニッケル−モリブデン合金層の界面接触抵抗は、本明細書に記載された方法に従って1.37MPa(200psi)の圧力Pにおいて測定された場合、20mΩ・cm−2以下である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって製造された界面接触抵抗が低い材料。
- 電池又はコネクタに使用するための界面接触抵抗が低い材料であって、前記界面接触抵抗が低い材料は、両側にニッケル及びモリブデンを含む拡散層であるニッケル−モリブデン合金層(3)が設けられている鋼ストリップ基材(1)を含み、前記ニッケルは、前記ニッケル又はニッケル系層に由来し、前記モリブデンは、酸化モリブデン層の少なくとも部分的な、好ましくは完全な還元によって生じ、前記ニッケル−モリブデン合金層の界面接触抵抗は、本明細書に記載された方法に従って1.37MPa(200psi)の圧力Pにおいて測定された場合、20mΩ・cm−2以下である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって製造された界面接触抵抗が低い材料。
- 前記片側又は両側のニッケル−モリブデン合金層の界面接触抵抗が、15mΩ・cm−2以下である、請求項9又は10に記載の界面接触抵抗が低い材料。
- 前記片側又は両側のニッケル−モリブデン合金層の界面接触抵抗が、10mΩ・cm−2以下である、請求項9又は10に記載の界面接触抵抗が低い材料。
- 請求項9〜12のいずれか一項に記載の界面接触抵抗が低い材料を使用して製造された電池又はコネクタ材料。
- 缶及び/又はキャップが、請求項9〜12のいずれか一項に記載の界面接触抵抗が低い材料から製造される、請求項13に記載の電池。
- 請求項9〜12のいずれか一項に記載の界面接触抵抗が低い材料から製造される、請求項13に記載のコネクタストリップ又はコネクタ。
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