JP2020512439A - 光学的に透明な高性能光硬化性接着剤 - Google Patents
光学的に透明な高性能光硬化性接着剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020512439A JP2020512439A JP2019547701A JP2019547701A JP2020512439A JP 2020512439 A JP2020512439 A JP 2020512439A JP 2019547701 A JP2019547701 A JP 2019547701A JP 2019547701 A JP2019547701 A JP 2019547701A JP 2020512439 A JP2020512439 A JP 2020512439A
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- meth
- curable adhesive
- acrylate
- optically clear
- polyurethane
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Abstract
Description
分子量の決定
従来のゲル透過クロマトグラフィー(gel permeation chromatography、GPC)を用いて、各ポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートの分子量分布を特性評価した。Waters Corporation(Milford,MA,USA)から入手したGPC計装は、高圧液体クロマトグラフィーポンプ(モデル1515HPLC)、オートサンプラー(モデル717)、UV検出器(モデル2487)及び屈折率検出器(モデル2410)を備えていた。クロマトグラフは、Varian Inc.(Palo Alto,CA,USA)から入手可能な、2個の5ミクロンPLgel MIXED−Dカラムを装備していた。テトラヒドロフラン(tetrahydrofuran、THF)中に0.5%(重量/体積)の濃度でポリマー溶液を希釈させるか、又は乾燥ポリマー材料を溶解させ、THF溶液を、VWR International(West Chester,PA,USA)から入手可能な0.2ミクロンのポリテトラフルオロエチレンフィルターに通して濾過することによって、ポリマー溶液の試料を調製した。得られた試料をGPCに注入し、35℃に維持されたカラムに通して毎分1mLの速度で溶出させた。このシステムを、線形最小二乗適合度解析を用いてポリスチレン標準で較正して、較正曲線を作成した。この標準較正曲線に対して、各試料について重量平均分子量(weight average molecular weight、Mw)及び多分散性指数(重量平均分子量を数平均分子量で割ったもの)を計算した。分子量分布を表2に列挙する。
透過率、ヘイズ、及び光学的透明度の光学測定は、BYK Gardner Haze−Gard Plus 4725機器(Geretsried,Germany)を使用して行った。BYK機器は、光源「C」源を使用し、そのスペクトル範囲にわたる全ての光を測定して、透過値を計算する。ヘイズは、入射ビームから2.5°より大きく偏位する透過光の割合である。光学的透明度は、2.5°未満の角度で評価する。値を、パーセント透過率(%T)、パーセントヘイズ(%H)、及びパーセント透明度(%C)として表4に報告する。試料は、丸めた後、少なくとも88%のパーセント透過率、6%以下のパーセントヘイズ、及び少なくとも98%のパーセント透明度を有する場合、許容可能であると考えられた。
剥離接着力試験は、ASTM D3330に基づいた。室温剥離は、IMASS,Inc.(Accord,Massachusetts)から入手可能なIMASS剥離試験機を用いて、5kgロードセル、4秒の遅延、20秒の試験時間及び30.48cm/分の剥離速度を用いて行った。3つの複製物を試験し、そして平均値をセンチメートル当たりのグラム数(g/cm)で報告する。剥離接着力の結果を表3に列挙する。試料は、少なくとも約100g/cmの剥離接着力を有する場合、許容可能であると考えられた。
プラズマプライマー処理された(plasma primed)PET
125ミクロン厚のポリエチレンフタレート(PET)フィルムのロールをロールツーロール真空処理チャンバーの巻出しロールに取り付け、フィルムをドラム電極の周囲に巻付け、次いで、ドラム電極の反対側の巻取りロールに固定した。巻出し及び巻取り張力は、3ポンド(13.3N)に維持した。チャンバーの扉を閉め、チャンバーをベース圧力約5×10−4トルまでポンプで排気した。ヘキサメチルジシロキサン(hexamethyldisiloxane、HMDSO)を毎分20標準立方センチメートル(standard cubic centimeters per minute、sccm)の流量で導入し、500sccmの流量で酸素を供給した。高周波電力をドラムに印加することによって、6000ワットの電力でプラズマを発生させ、毎分10フィートの速度でフィルムが搬送されるように、ドラムの回転を開始させた。曝露中の圧力は、約8〜10mトルであった。
表3に提供された接着剤溶液を、20milのギャップを有するナイフコータを使用して、プラズマプライマー処理されたPETのプライマー処理された表面(primed surface)上にコーティングした。コーティングされた試料を、70℃で10分間乾燥させた。試料をオーブンから取り出し、SKC T50タイト剥離ライナーを手で塗布した。次いで、試料を幅1.3cm×長さ13cmに切り取った。積層前に、寸法6.35cm×17.78cmのフロートガラスパネルを、オーブン内で90℃に加熱した。次いで、剥離ライナーを試料から除去し、ハンドローラーを使用してフロートガラスの空気側(非スズ側)に積層した。次いで、積層ガラススライドを90℃のオーブンに5分間入れた後、接着剤が流れ出た場合にローラーが汚染されるのを防ぐために、ローラーと試料との間の界面として剥離ライナーフィルムを使用して、再度積層した。次いで、Dバルブを備え、窒素雰囲気下で100%ランプ出力で4パスを用い20フィート/分のライン速度で動作するLight−Hammer 6 UV硬化システム(Fusion UV−Systems Inc.,Gaithersburg,MD)を使用して、コーティングを硬化させた。
オーバーヘッド撹拌機を装備した3リットルの三つ口丸底反応フラスコに、99.31g(0.8935当量(当量)、111.15等価重量)のIPDI、480gのMEK、386.42g(0.7818当量、492.27等価重量)のPolyTHF 1000(20mmHg未満の圧力で80℃で一晩乾燥させた)及び0.25g(全固形分に対して500ppm)のDBTDLを充填した。フラスコを冷却管及び温度プローブを取り付けて油浴に入れ、乾燥空気下に置き、撹拌した。開始時、反応温度は28℃であり、5分では29.9℃であり、13分では31.7℃であり、23分では47.9℃であり、31分では53℃であった。この時点で、油浴を加熱して内部温度を60℃にした。反応開始から4時間15分後に、反応アリコートのFTIRは、2265cm−1で小さなイソシアネートピークを示した。反応開始から4時間20分後に、14.23g(0.1229当量、10%化学量論的過剰量)のHEAを添加し、20gのMEKですすいで反応物を50%固形分にした。反応開始から6時間20分後に、反応アリコートのFTIRは、2265cm−1でイソシアネートピークを示さなかった。次いで、反応物を428.57gのMEKで、35%固形分に調整した。これらのポリウレタンアクリレートの構造は、ジオールとジイソシアネートとを反応させてウレタンを形成することによって形成された直鎖状ポリマーであると考えられ、これらの直鎖状ポリマーはヒドロキシエチルアクリレートで両端が末端保護されている(2当量が必要であったが、10%化学量論的過剰量を使用して確実に完全な転換を行った)。化学量論量のHEAは、0.1229/1.1すなわち0.1117当量であろう。IPDIの当量数は(0.8935/0.1117)×2、すなわち16当量であり、PTMOジオールの当量数は(0.7818/0.1117)×2、すなわち14当量であった。
ポリウレタンアクリレートCについての上述の手順を使用して、表2に示すようにグラム単位で出発材料重量を使用して、残りのポリウレタンアクリレート(polyurethane acrylate、PUA)を合成した。500ppmのDBTDLを含む50%固形分で、フラスコ又はジャーのいずれかにて(磁気撹拌しながら)反応を行った。全てのポリオールを、使用前に、80℃で少なくとも2時間、真空下(<10トル)で乾燥させた。場合によっては、いくつかの反応物を35%又は33%固形分に希釈し、場合によっては、反応物を50%固形分のままにし(表2に示す)、更なる配合物に使用した。
オーバーヘッド撹拌機を装備した500mLの三つ口丸底反応フラスコに、27.25g(0.245当量(当量))のイソホロンジイソシアネート(IPDI)及び20gのメチルエチルケトン(methyl ethyl ketone、MEK)を充填し、これを油浴に置き、冷却器を取り付け、乾燥空気下に置き、60℃に加熱する。均圧滴下漏斗(pressure equalizing addition funnel)に、140.1g(0.280当量)の1,000g/molのポリ(テトラメチレンオキシド)(poly(tetramethylene oxide)、PTMO、使用前に少なくとも2時間80℃で真空乾燥(<10トル)させる)及び80gのMEKを入れ、これを反応フラスコに取り付ける。反応フラスコに、MEK中のDBTDLの10%溶液800マイクロリットルを添加する。次いで、滴下漏斗の内容物を30分かけて反応フラスコに添加し、その時間の終わりに、滴下漏斗を5gのMEKですすぎ、更に30gのMEKを反応混合物に直接添加する。反応の2時間後、反応混合物はFTIRにより2265cm−1で小さなイソシアネートピークを示す。8.02gのMEK中の4.94g(0.0350当量)の2−イソシアナトエチルアクリレート(HEA)を、1度にジャーから反応物に添加する。ジャーを5gのMEKで、次いで0.5gのMEKですすぎ、すすぎ液を反応物に加える。約6時間後、5gのMEK中の0.10gの2−イソシアナトエチルアクリレートを、ジャーから反応物に添加する。ジャーを10gのMEKですすぎ、すすぎ液を反応物に加える。混合物を更に30分間反応させる。次いで、反応混合物に乾燥空気を吹き込んでいくらかのMEKを蒸発させることによって生成物混合物を50%固形分に調整し、次いで生成物混合物を瓶詰めする。
表3は、各実施例でコーティングされた溶液の組成を提供する。PVBとラベル付けされたカラムの略語を表1に提供する。ポリウレタンアクリレート(PUA)は、表2に記載され、表2に示される固形分重量%で添加するか、又は市販のポリウレタンアクリレート(CN964、CN978、CN981、CN991、CN9002、及びCN9004)について、特に明記しない限り、MEK中の50%固形分溶液で添加する。光開始剤溶液は、MEK中10%固形分のIrgacure 819である。PVB対PUAの固形分重量比が与えられ、以下のように計算する、すなわち、実施例1は、固形分2.97gに相当する、11.88gの25重量%Mowital B 14 S溶液を含む。これはまた、固形分2.97gに相当する、5.94gの50重量%PUA B溶液を含有する。固形分の総量(Irgacure 819を除く)は、したがって2.97g+2.97g、すなわち5.94gであった。特に明記しない限り、全ての溶液をMEK中30重量%固形分に調整し、30重量%固形分に達するようにMEKのg(それぞれ正又は負の値)を添加又は除去した。実施例1では、Irgacure 819の固形分は、0.1g/g溶液×0.59g溶液=0.059g Irgacure 819であった。実施例1の全固形分は、5.94g+0.059g、すなわち6.00gであった。
Claims (21)
- 約9〜約13mPA・sの動粘度を有し、約18%未満のポリビニルアルコール重量パーセントを有するポリビニルブチラールと、
ポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートであって、
ジオール、
少なくとも1つのジイソシアネート、及び
ヒドロキシ官能性(メタ)アクリレート又はイソシアナト官能性(メタ)アクリレート
の反応生成物を含む、ポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートと、
光開始剤と、を含む光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤であって、
前記光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤が2つの透明な基材の間に置かれて積層体が作製された場合、前記積層体は、硬化させると、約6%未満のヘイズ、約88%より高い透過率及び約98%より高い光学的透明度を有し、
前記光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤は、硬化させると、ASTM3330に基づいて少なくとも約100g/cmの剥離接着力を有する、
光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。 - 前記ジオールが、約1000g/mol以下の数平均分子量を有するポリ(テトラメチレンオキシド)ジオール、及び約1000g/mol以下の数平均分子量を有するポリカプロラクトンジオールのうちの1つから選択される、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 前記ジイソシアネートが、脂肪族ジイソシアネートである、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 前記ジイソシアネートが、2,6−トルエンジイソシアネート(TDI)、メチレンジシクロヘキシレン−4,4’−ジイソシアネート(H12MDI)、3−イソシアナトメチル−3,5,5−トリメチルシクロヘキシルイソシアネート(IPDI)、1,6−ジイソシアナトヘキサン(HDI)、テトラメチル−m−キシリレンジイソシアネート、2,2,4−及び2,4,4−トリメチル−1,6−ジイソシアネートヘキサン(TMXDI)の混合物、trans−1,4−水素化キシリレンジイソシアネート(H6XDI)並びにこれらの組み合わせのうちの1つから選択される、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 前記ポリビニルブチラールが、約10,000g/mol〜約15,000g/molの重量平均分子量を有する、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 前記ポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートが、約2,700g/mol〜約63,000g/molの重量平均分子量を有する、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 前記ポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートが、約1.3〜約3.0の多分散度を有する、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 前記ポリビニルブチラールが、約14%〜約18%のポリビニルアルコール重量パーセントを有する、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 前記ポリビニルブチラールが、約5%〜約8%のポリ酢酸ビニル重量パーセントを有する、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 約30重量%〜約60重量%のポリビニルブチラールを含む、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 約40重量%〜約70重量%のポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートを含む、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 熱安定剤、接着促進剤、架橋剤、表面改質剤、紫外線安定剤、酸化防止剤、帯電防止剤、増粘剤、フィラー、顔料、着色剤、染料、チキソトロープ剤、加工助剤、ナノ粒子、繊維、及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1種の添加剤を更に含む、請求項1に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 第1の基材と、
第2の基材と、
前記第1の基材と前記第2の基材との間に配置されている光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤と、
を含む、光学的に透明な積層体であって、
前記光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤が、
約9〜約13mPA・sの動粘度を有し、約18%未満のポリビニルアルコール重量パーセントを有するポリビニルブチラールと、
ポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートであって、
ジオール、
少なくとも1つのジイソシアネート、及び
ヒドロキシ官能性(メタ)アクリレート又はイソシアナト官能性(メタ)アクリレート
の反応生成物を含む、ポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートと、
光開始剤と、を含み、
前記光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤が2つの透明な基材の間に置かれて積層体が作製された場合、前記積層体は、約6%未満のヘイズ、約88%より高い透過率及び約98%より高い光学的透明度を有し、
前記光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤は、ASTM3330に基づいて少なくとも約100g/cmの剥離接着力を有する、
光学的に透明な積層体。 - 前記ジオールが、約1000g/mol以下の数平均分子量を有するポリ(テトラメチレンオキシド)ジオール、及び約1000g/mol以下の数平均分子量を有するポリカプロラクトンジオールのうちの1つから選択される、請求項13に記載の光学的に透明な積層体。
- 前記ジイソシアネートが、脂肪族ジイソシアネートである、請求項13に記載の光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤。
- 前記ポリビニルブチラールが、約10,000g/mol〜約15,000g/molの重量平均分子量を有する、請求項13に記載の光学的に透明な積層体。
- 前記ポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートが、約2,700g/mol〜約63,000g/molの重量平均分子量を有する、請求項13に記載の光学的に透明な積層体。
- 前記ポリビニルブチラールが、約14%〜約18%のポリビニルアルコール重量パーセントを有する、請求項13に記載の光学的に透明な積層体。
- 前記ポリビニルブチラールが、約5%〜約8%のポリ酢酸ビニル重量パーセントを有する、請求項13に記載の光学的に透明な積層体。
- 前記光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤が、約30重量%〜約60重量%のポリビニルブチラールを含む、請求項13に記載の光学的に透明な積層体。
- 前記光学的に透明な硬化性接着剤が、約40重量%〜約70重量%のポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレートを含む、請求項13に記載の光学的に透明な積層体。
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