JP2020162251A - 電源システム - Google Patents
電源システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020162251A JP2020162251A JP2019058112A JP2019058112A JP2020162251A JP 2020162251 A JP2020162251 A JP 2020162251A JP 2019058112 A JP2019058112 A JP 2019058112A JP 2019058112 A JP2019058112 A JP 2019058112A JP 2020162251 A JP2020162251 A JP 2020162251A
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/14—Estimation or adaptation of motor parameters, e.g. rotor time constant, flux, speed, current or voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/30—Sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/30—Sensors
- B60Y2400/302—Temperature sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/61—Arrangements of controllers for electric machines, e.g. inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2205/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the control loops
- H02P2205/03—Power loop, i.e. comparison of the motor power with a power reference
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の第1実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
図1は、本実施形態に係る電源システム1を搭載する電動車両V(以下、単に「車両」という)の構成を示す図である。
第1バッテリB1は、第2バッテリB2よりも出力重量密度が低くかつエネルギ重量密度が高い。また第1バッテリB1は第2バッテリB2よりも容量が大きい。すなわち、第1バッテリB1は、エネルギ重量密度の点で第1バッテリB1よりも優れる。なお、エネルギ重量密度とは、単位重量あたりの電力量[Wh/kg]であり、出力重量密度とは、単位重量あたりの電力[W/kg]である。したがって、エネルギ重量密度が優れている第1バッテリB1は、高容量を主目的とした容量型の蓄電器であり、出力重量密度が優れている第2バッテリB2は、高出力を主目的とした出力型の蓄電器である。このため電源システム1では、第1バッテリB1を主電源として用い、第2バッテリB2をこの第1バッテリB1を補う副電源として用いる。
Pmax_v=(OCV−Vlim)/R×Vlim (1)
Pmax_i=Imax×(OCV−Imax×R) (2)
Pmax=Min(Pmax_v,Pmax_i) (3)
図6は、第2バッテリB2の温度が高温パワーセーブ温度より高い状態で加速したときにおける第1バッテリB1の電圧(太破線)、第2バッテリB2の電圧(太実線)、及び第2バッテリB2の充電率(太一点鎖線)の変化を示すタイムチャートである。図6の左側は第2バッテリB2の静的電圧が第1バッテリB1の劣化下限電圧より低い場合を示し、真ん中及び右側は第2バッテリB2の静的電圧が第1バッテリB1の劣化下限電圧より高い場合を示す。また図6の右側は、図5のフローチャートに従って制限電力Pmaxを設定した場合を示し、図6の真ん中は、第1バッテリB1の下限電圧Vlimを常に第1バッテリB1の劣化下限電圧とする比較例を示す。
(1)本実施形態に係る電源システム1において、第2バッテリECU75及び第2バッテリセンサユニット82は、第2バッテリB2の状態を取得し、マネジメントECU71は、この第2バッテリB2の状態に基づいて第1バッテリB1の出力電力に対する制限電力Pmaxを算出するとともに、モータECU72は、第1バッテリB1の出力電力がこの制限電力Pmaxを超えないように電力変換器43を操作する。よって電源システム1によれば、第2バッテリB2の状態に応じて第1バッテリB1から出力される電力を制限できるので、第2バッテリB2からの意図しない放電を抑制できる。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態に係る電源システムについて、図面を参照しながら説明する。本実施形態に係る電源システムは、第1実施形態に係る電源システムと、第1バッテリに対する制限電力Pmaxを算出する手順が異なる。以下では、本実施形態に係る電源システムについて、第1実施形態に係る電源システム1と異なる構成について説明する。
(3)本実施形態に係る電源システムにおいて、マネジメントECU71は、第2バッテリB2の充電率SOCが第1閾値SOC1又は第2SOC2以下である場合には、充電率SOCが第1閾値SOC1又は第2閾値SOC2より大きい場合よりも小さくなるように電圧制限出力Pmax_v及び制限電力Pmaxを算出する。換言すれば、マネジメントECU71は、第2バッテリB2の充電率SOCの減少にあわせて電圧制限出力Pmax_v及び制限電力Pmaxを小さくする。よって電源システムによれば、第2バッテリB2の充電率SOCが十分である場合には、第1バッテリB1から出力される電力と第2バッテリB2から出力される電力とを合成し要求電力に応じた電力を駆動モータMに供給でき、第2バッテリB2の充電率SOCが不十分である場合には、第2バッテリB2の充電率SOCの減少を抑制できる。
M…駆動モータ
1…電源システム
2…第1電力回路(高電圧回路)
B1…第1バッテリ(高電圧電源)
3…第2電力回路(低電圧回路)
B2…第2バッテリ(低電圧電源)
4…負荷回路
43…電力変換器
5…電圧変換器
7…電子制御ユニット群
71…マネジメントECU(電力制御手段、要求電力取得手段)
72…モータECU(電力制御手段)
73…コンバータECU(電力制御手段)
74…第1バッテリECU
75…第2バッテリECU(状態取得手段)
82…第2バッテリセンサユニット(状態取得手段)
P…ペダル類(要求電力取得手段)
Claims (4)
- 高電圧電源を有する高電圧回路と、
閉回路電圧に対する使用電圧範囲が前記高電圧電源と重複しかつ静的電圧が前記高電圧電源よりも低い低電圧電源を有する低電圧回路と、
前記高電圧回路と前記低電圧回路との間で電圧を変換する電圧変換器と、
前記高電圧回路と駆動モータとの間で電力を変換する電力変換器と、
前記駆動モータにおける要求電力を取得する要求電力取得手段と、
前記要求電力に基づいて前記電力変換器を操作する電力制御手段と、
前記低電圧電源の状態を取得する状態取得手段と、を備える電源システムにおいて、
前記電力制御手段は、前記低電圧電源の状態に基づいて前記高電圧電源の出力電力に対する上限である制限電力を算出し、前記高電圧電源の出力電力が前記制限電力を超えないように前記電力変換器を操作することを特徴とする電源システム。 - 前記状態取得手段は、前記低電圧電源の温度を取得し、
前記電力制御手段は、前記低電圧電源の温度が所定温度より高い場合には、前記高電圧電源の閉回路電圧が前記低電圧電源の静的電圧以上になるように前記制限電力を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源システム。 - 前記低電圧電源は充放電が可能な蓄電器であり、
前記状態取得手段は、前記低電圧電源の蓄電量に応じて大きくなる蓄電パラメータを取得し、
前記電力制御手段は、前記蓄電パラメータが所定の閾値以下である場合には前記閾値より大きい場合よりも小さくなるように前記制限電力を算出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源システム。 - 前記電力制御手段は、前記高電圧電源の閉回路電圧が所定の下限電圧以上になるように前記制限電力を算出するとともに、前記蓄電パラメータが第1閾値より大きい場合には前記高電圧電源の使用電圧範囲の下限を前記下限電圧として設定し、前記蓄電パラメータが第1閾値より小さい第2閾値以下である場合には前記低電圧電源の蓄電量が所定の下限量であるときにおける前記低電圧電源の静的電圧である最低電圧を前記下限電圧として設定し、
前記最低電圧は、前記高電圧電源の使用電圧範囲の下限よりも高いことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電源システム。
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JP2019058112A JP7069075B2 (ja) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | 電源システム |
CN202010175319.3A CN111824044B (zh) | 2019-03-26 | 2020-03-13 | 电源系统 |
US16/824,711 US11070156B2 (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2020-03-20 | Power system |
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JP2019058112A JP7069075B2 (ja) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | 電源システム |
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JP7069075B2 JP7069075B2 (ja) | 2022-05-17 |
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Cited By (1)
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JP7572886B2 (ja) | 2021-03-19 | 2024-10-24 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電源システム |
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WO2020146940A1 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-23 | Smardt Chiller Group Inc. | Direct current chiller method and system |
JP7469219B2 (ja) * | 2020-12-14 | 2024-04-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電源システム |
JP2022144893A (ja) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-10-03 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電源システム |
US20230045430A1 (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-02-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Inefficient electric motor operation during charge limiting vehicle operation |
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