JP2020139720A - Automatic combustion control method for garbage incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

To appropriately control the combustion temperature in a garbage incinerator and the exhaust gas characteristics in accordance with the characteristics of a garbage combusted in the incinerator.SOLUTION: A garbage characteristic database that includes a plurality of garbage characteristics is created. Every time a garbage is loaded in an incinerator, the garbage are selected from the garbage characteristic database, and the oxygen concentration in an exhaust gas produced when the garbage is combusted is calculated from a calculation formula. Conversely, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas produced from the actually combusted garbage is measured. The comparison between the calculated value and the measured value is repeated until both become consistent with each other upon the comparison between the calculated value and the measured value to determine the garbage characteristics having the calculated value and the measured value consistent with each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an automatic combustion control method for a waste incinerator in a waste incinerator.

Garbage discarded from business establishments and households is transported to waste incinerators set up in each region and disposed of as exhaust gas and incineration ash that have been incinerated and cleaned.
A wide variety of garbage (paper, fiber, plastic, water-rich food waste, etc.) is brought into the garbage incinerator and processed (incinerated). However, since their properties are not uniform and the composition is unknown, the combustion state (combustion furnace temperature and exhaust gas concentration) in the incinerator of the waste incinerator depends on the composition and calorific value (waste quality) of the input waste. It fluctuates greatly and it is difficult to burn it stably in an incinerator.
In a general waste incinerator, as shown in FIG. 9, the combustion temperature and the exhaust gas properties are controlled to incinerate the waste.
[1] Primary air blowing: Air is blown from directly below the stoker 6 in the waste combustion chamber 2 of the waste incinerator 1 by an air blower 7 to burn the waste.
[2] Garbage sewage spraying + air blowing for sewage spraying: In order to dispose of the sewage (garbage sewage) exuded from the stored garbage, the garbage sewage is blown into the waste combustion chamber 2 together with air and burned.
[3] Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR: Exhaust Gas Recirculation): NOx (nitrogen oxide) by returning a part of the exhaust gas discharged from the waste combustion chamber 2 to the incinerator and suppressing local high-temperature combustion. Suppress the generation of.
[4] Auxiliary fuel + air input for auxiliary fuel: When a small amount of heat is charged into the waste combustion chamber 2 and the temperature inside the incinerator drops, the auxiliary fuel is added to the waste incinerator to raise the temperature inside the incinerator. Add (kerosene, etc.) and air.
[5] Secondary air injection: Secondary air is blown into the waste incinerator 2 in order to completely burn the unburned gas in the exhaust gas and to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas.
[6] Urea spray + air spray for urea spray: Urea water is sprayed on the exhaust gas to decompose nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water.
[7] Cooling water spray: Cooling water is sprayed on the exhaust gas in the cooling tower to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas.
As described above, the method currently used is to refer to the incinerator outlet temperature, adjust the pusher speed, stoker speed, and combustion air volume so that the incinerator outlet temperature becomes the target value, and then inside the incinerator. In addition to the method of controlling the combustion state of, various new methods have been proposed.

Conventionally, after the worker confirms the measured values of the temperature and concentration of the exhaust gas, the amount of waste to be burned and the amount of air for combustion are adjusted to stabilize the temperature inside the incinerator. However, since it takes time for the adjustment of the workers to be reflected, the adjustment process of the combustion temperature in the incinerator is delayed. Moreover, since it takes time to reflect the waste, it is difficult to keep the combustion state in the incinerator constant because the quality of the treated waste and the quality of the waste currently being burned are different.

The present invention has been made in view of this viewpoint. A database (waste quality database) of analysis values of waste brought into an incinerator is prepared in advance, and the waste quality database is used in an incinerator of a waste incinerator. By estimating and identifying the waste quality of the waste put into the waste incinerator by calculation and adjusting the amount of primary air blown into the incinerator according to the specified waste quality, the combustion temperature and exhaust gas properties in the waste incinerator are optimized. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic combustion control method for controlling the generation of harmful components in the exhaust gas.
The automatic combustion control method for a waste incinerator according to the present invention is characterized in that combustion control of the incinerator is performed based on the following procedure in the process of incinerating waste in the waste incinerator.
(1) Use the waste quality database to identify the waste quality that is burning in the incinerator.
(2) The amount of primary air blown is controlled according to the specified waste quality.

The present inventors have solved the above problems by the following means.
<1> In the process of incinerating waste in a waste incinerator, the waste quality of the waste put into the incinerator is specified based on the following procedure, and the primary is supplied to the waste incinerator according to the specified waste quality. An automatic combustion control method for waste incinerators, which comprises controlling the amount of air blown and controlling the combustion of the incinerator.
The quality of the waste that is put into the waste incinerator and burned is calculated and estimated according to the following steps.
(R1) Select an arbitrary waste quality from the waste quality database and calculate the oxygen concentration generated when it is burned in the incinerator according to the calculation formula.
(R2) Measure the oxygen concentration exhausted from the waste incinerator and obtain the measured value.
(R3) The calculated value of the oxygen concentration is compared with the measured value.
(R4) When the calculated value of the oxygen concentration and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the waste quality is specified, the calculated value of the oxygen concentration is compared with the measured value, and the calculated value and the measured value of the oxygen concentration are compared. If is different within a predetermined range, select another waste material from the waste quality database and follow the steps (R1) to (R3) until the calculated oxygen concentration value and the measured value match within the predetermined range. The waste quality is specified by changing the waste quality.
(R5) The amount of primary air blown into the waste incinerator is controlled according to the specified waste quality.
The range of the calculated value and the measured value in the case of specifying the waste quality based on the oxygen concentration means that the difference between the calculated value and the measured value is, for example, within the range of ± 0.05. .. As described above, the case is not limited to the case where the calculated value and the actually measured value are exactly the same, and includes the case where they match within a predetermined range (threshold value) (for example, ± 0.05 in oxygen concentration).
For example, if the measured value of oxygen concentration is 3.07%, the calculated value is in the range of 3.02% to 3.12%.
<2> In the process of incinerating waste in a waste incinerator, the quality of waste put into the incinerator is specified based on the following procedure, and the primary air supplied to the waste incinerator according to the specified waste quality. An automatic combustion control method for waste incinerators, which comprises controlling the amount of blown water and controlling the combustion of the incinerator.
The quality of the waste that is put into the waste incinerator and burned is calculated and estimated according to the following steps.
(S1) Select an arbitrary waste quality from the waste quality database and calculate the carbon dioxide concentration generated when it is burned in the incinerator according to the calculation formula.
(S2) Measure the concentration of carbon dioxide exhausted from the waste incinerator and obtain the measured value.
(S3) The calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration is compared with the measured value.
(S4) When the calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the identification of the waste quality is completed, the calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration is compared with the measured value, and the calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration is compared. If the measured value is different within the specified range, select another waste material from the waste quality database and follow the steps (S1) to (S3) above to keep the calculated and measured carbon dioxide concentration within the specified range. The waste quality is specified by changing the waste quality until they match.
The range of the calculated value and the measured value in the case of specifying the waste quality based on the carbon dioxide concentration means that the difference between the calculated value and the measured value is, for example, within the range of ± 2.0. ..
In this way, the calculated value and the measured value are not limited to the case where they exactly match, but include the case where they match within a predetermined range (threshold value) (for example, within ± 2.0 in carbon dioxide concentration). ..
For example, if the measured value of the carbon dioxide concentration is 19.0%, the calculated value is in the range of 17.0 to 21.0%.
<3> A claim <1>, wherein the calculated values of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations generated when the waste material selected from the waste quality database is burned in an incinerator are obtained according to a series of calculation formulas. Alternatively, the automatic combustion control method for the waste incinerator according to <2>.
The series of calculation formulas are the formulas (1) to (10) according to claim 3.
<4> Described in either <1> or <2>, wherein the waste quality input into the incinerator is specified by the following procedure from the waste quality database in the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator. Automatic combustion control method for garbage incinerators.
(T1) The waste quality database is arranged in the order of the calorific value of the waste. The waste quality with a small calorific value is arranged on the left side of the database, and the waste quality with a large calorific value is arranged on the right side of the database.
When multiple waste materials listed in the waste quality database near the center of the waste quality are selected and burned in an incinerator, the calculated and measured values of the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration generated are compared with the measured values to determine the oxygen concentration. When the calculated value and the measured value match within a predetermined range, or when the calculated value of oxygen concentration and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the waste quality put into the incinerator is the selected waste quality. Identify as being.
(T2) In the case of oxygen concentration, when the calculated value and the measured value do not match within a predetermined range, the waste quality is selected according to the case where the calculated value is higher or lower than the measured value. fix. When the calculated value is higher than the measured value, the waste quality selection range is narrowed between the selected central waste material and the right waste material having the largest calorific value, and the calculated value is the measured value. If it is lower than the above, narrow the waste quality selection range between the selected central waste quality and the left waste quality with the smallest calorific value, and select the central waste quality within the narrowed range. The oxygen concentration generated when the selected waste quality burns in the incinerator is calculated, and when the calculated value and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the waste quality put into the incinerator is the selected waste quality. Identify as quality.
(T3) In the case of oxygen concentration, if the calculated value and the measured value of the oxygen concentration generated when the waste quality selected above is burned in the incinerator are different, the waste quality is selected and selected again according to the above procedure. The above procedure (T2) is repeated until the calculated value and the measured value of the oxygen concentration of the waste material match within a predetermined range.
In the case of (T2') carbon dioxide concentration, when the calculated value and the measured value do not match within a predetermined range, the waste quality is classified into the case where the calculated value is higher than the measured value and the case where the measured value is lower than the measured value. Reselect. When the calculated value is higher than the measured value, the waste material selection range is narrowed between the selected central waste material and the left waste material having the smallest calorific value, and the calculated value is the measured value. If it is lower than the above, narrow the waste quality selection range between the selected central waste quality and the right waste material with the highest calorific value, and select the central waste quality within the narrowed range. Calculate the carbon dioxide concentration generated when the selected waste quality burns in the incinerator, and if the calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the waste quality put into the incinerator. Identifyes the selected waste quality.
In the case of (T3') carbon dioxide concentration, if the calculated value and the measured value of the carbon dioxide concentration generated when the waste quality selected above is burned in the incinerator are different, select the waste quality again according to the above procedure. , The above procedure (T2') is repeated until the calculated value and the measured value of the carbon dioxide concentration of the selected waste material match within a predetermined range.
<5> Described in either <1> or <2>, wherein the waste quality put into the incinerator is specified by the following procedure from the waste quality database in the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator. Automatic combustion control method for waste incinerators.
(U1) The waste quality database is arranged in the order of the calorific value of the waste. The waste quality with a small calorific value is arranged on the left side of the database, and the waste quality with a large calorific value is arranged on the right side of the database.
When [1] the leftmost waste quality, [2] the rightmost waste quality, and [3] multiple waste quality near the center of the waste quality are selected and burned in the incinerator, they are listed in the waste quality database. By comparing the calculated value of the generated oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration with the measured value, it is determined whether the range including the measured value is [1] to [2] or [2] to [3].
(U2) Repeat (U1) until the remaining waste quality becomes 2 or 3 in the range including the measured value.
(U3) When there are only 2 or 3 pieces of waste, calculate the calculated value of each waste, select the waste that is close to the measured value, and specify the waste.

According to the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator of the present invention, the quality of the waste put into the incinerator of the waste incinerator is estimated by calculation, and the amount of primary air blown into the incinerator corresponding to the specified waste quality. The combustion temperature and exhaust gas properties in the incinerator can be optimally controlled by adjusting.

It is an overall system diagram of the waste incineration facility of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the waste quality database in this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the procedure for specifying the waste quality from the waste quality database in this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating another procedure for identifying waste quality from the waste quality database in this invention. It is a flowchart of the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator in this invention. It is a flowchart of another automatic combustion control method of a waste incinerator in this invention. It is an overall system diagram of other waste incineration facilities which carry out this invention. It is an overall system diagram of other waste incineration facilities which carry out this invention. It is a system diagram which partially showed the conventional waste incineration facility.

A mode for implementing the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the figures of Examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall system diagram of a waste incineration facility according to an automatic combustion control method for a waste incinerator according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a waste incinerator, 2 is a waste combustion chamber, 3 is a waste supply hopper, 4 is waste, 5 is a pusher, 6 is a stoker, 6a is a dry stoker, 6b is a combustion stoker, and 6c is a post-combustion stoker. 7 is an air blower, 8 is a cooling tower, 9 is a chimney, 10 is an ash chute, 11 is a combustion control unit, 12 is a controller, and 13 is a computing device.
The flow from putting the waste into the incinerator to incineration of the waste will be described with reference to FIG.
The waste 4 thrown in by a crane (not shown) from the waste supply hopper 3 enters the waste incinerator 1 and moves on the drying stoker 6a, the combustion stoker 6b, and the post-combustion stoker 6c. At this time, the signal a of the incineration amount is sent to the combustion control unit 11, and the primary air amount [A] for combustion calculated by the arithmetic unit 13 is supplied from below the waste incinerator 1 by the air blower 7. In the waste incinerator 1, the waste 4 is burned to become ash, and the exhaust gas [G] discharged from the ash chute 10 of the incinerator 1 is sent to the cooling tower 8 through a duct or the like.

In the process of burning garbage into ash, the incinerator 1 is subjected to the following processing under the control of the combustion control unit 11.
A signal a of the amount of waste incinerated into the waste incinerator is sent to the combustion control unit 11, and the corresponding primary air amount A is supplied from below the waste incinerator 1 by the air blower 7 ([A]). Further, in response to the signal a, an amount of sewage corresponding to the amount of waste incinerated is sprayed into the waste incinerator 1 (amount of sprayed waste sewage) ([B]).
Exhaust gas is supplied to the waste incinerator 1 in order to reuse the exhaust gas (exhaust gas recirculation) ([C]).
A signal b of the combustion temperature A in the waste incinerator 1 is sent to the combustion control unit 11, and auxiliary fuel corresponding to the combustion temperature A is supplied into the waste incinerator 1 ([D]).
A signal c of the combustion temperature B in the waste incinerator 1 is sent to the combustion control unit 11, and secondary air corresponding to the combustion temperature B is blown into the waste incinerator 1 ([E]).
A signal g of the NO _X amount of exhaust gas being sent from the cooling tower 8 to the chimney 9 is sent to the combustion control unit 11, and the corresponding urea water is sprayed to the waste incinerator 1 (urea spray amount) ([F. ]).
At this time, the signal d of the measured values of the oxygen concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator is sent to the combustion control unit 11.
It should be noted that the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaust gas generated when the waste quality selected from the waste quality database Table 1 described later for the measured value of the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration is incinerated under the above conditions is calculated by a calculation formula. It is used in the process of identifying the waste quality by comparing it with the calculated value.
A signal e of the temperature (exhaust gas temperature) C of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator is sent to the combustion control unit 11, and cooling water corresponding to the exhaust gas temperature C is blown into the cooling tower 8 (cooling water spray amount). ([I]).
A part of the exhaust gas cooled to the temperature C by the cooling water blown into the cooling tower 8 is supplied into the waste incinerator 1 (exhaust gas recirculation) ([C]), and the rest is discharged from the chimney 9. Will be done.

Table 1 is a waste quality database for implementing the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator according to the present invention, and explains the concept of the waste quality database. In the present invention, the waste is burned in the incinerator. It is used in the process of estimating the quality of waste (composition and calorific value of waste) by calculation.
Since the amount of waste carried into the waste incinerator varies depending on the season, in the embodiment of the present invention, the waste to be incinerated carried into the waste incinerator is sampled, for example, weekly, and the composition and calorific value are analyzed and analyzed values ( Calorific value, combustible content, water content, ash content, element composition ratio) are accumulated, and monthly average values are taken to create a waste quality database.
In the upper horizontal column of Table 1, the waste qualities of the plurality of different wastes are described, and in the left vertical column, the water content, the combustible content, and the ash content of the waste qualities are described in% from the top. In addition, the calorific value generated when the above waste is burned in an incinerator under the same combustion conditions, carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (0) contained in combustible components. The composition ratio of the elements of is described.
The waste materials listed in the uppermost horizontal column of Table 1 are divided from left to right so as to increase from left to right according to the calorific value.
Table 2 is an example of a waste quality database created based on the waste brought into the waste incinerator, and in the bottom column, the waste by the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator according to the present invention of FIG. The calculated values of oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in the quality exhaust gas are described.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a waste quality database in the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the waste quality input into the incinerator from the waste quality database in the automatic combustion control method in the waste incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the procedure for specifying.
The gist of the procedure for identifying the waste quality put into the incinerator is to select the waste quality according to the following procedure.
An example of the procedure for identifying the waste quality from the waste quality database shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, select a plurality of waste materials (6) near the center of a plurality of waste materials listed in the waste quality database, obtain the calculated value of the generated oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration based on the calculation formula, and discharge from the incinerator. When the calculated value matches the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas or the measured value of carbon dioxide, the waste quality (6) is regarded as the waste quality put into the incinerator, and the calculated value and the measured value are different. , Select the waste quality to be used in the next calculation from the magnitude relationship between the calculated value and the measured value.
In the present embodiment, when selecting the central waste quality of a plurality of waste quality in the waste quality database, the median value of the waste quality numbers (1) to (12), 6.5, is rounded down. Although (6) is selected, the method is not limited to this, and a method of rounding up the center value and selecting (7) may be used.
The case where the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator or the measured value of carbon dioxide and the calculated value match is not limited to the case where the calculated value and the measured value completely match. , Includes cases where they match within a predetermined range (threshold value) (for example, within ± 0.05 for oxygen concentration and within ± 2.0 for carbon dioxide concentration).
For example, if the measured value of oxygen concentration is 3.07%, the calculated value is consistent if it is within the range of 3.02% to 3.12%, and the measured value of carbon dioxide concentration is 19.0%. If so, if the calculated values are within the range of 17.0% to 21.0%, they are considered to match.
1) When calculating the oxygen concentration
1-1) If the calculated value for the selected waste quality (6) is smaller than the measured value, the leftmost (1) on the waste quality side where the calorific value of the waste quality database is small and the left side of the above (6) Select the central waste quality (3) with (5).
1-1-1) The calculated value was obtained for the selected waste material (3) in the same manner, and when the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste material (3) was put into the incinerator. If the calculated value is different from the measured value, and if the calculated value is smaller than the measured value, select (2), which has a larger calorific value, from the remaining (1) and (2), and the same as above. If the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste quality (2) is regarded as the waste quality that was put into the incinerator, and if the calculated value and the measured value are different, the remaining waste. The quality (1) is the quality of waste put into the incinerator.
1-1-2) Calculate the calculated value for the selected waste quality (3) in the same way as above, and if the calculated value is larger than the measured value, the calorific value of the remaining (4) and (5) is larger. Select (5), obtain the calculated value in the same way as in the previous term, and if the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste quality (5) is regarded as the waste quality put into the incinerator, and the calculated value and the calculated value are used. If the measured values are different, the remaining waste quality (4) is regarded as the waste quality put into the incinerator.
1-2) When the calculated value for the selected waste material (6) is larger than the measured value, the calorific value of the waste material database is large. The rightmost (12) on the waste material side and the right side of (6) above. Of the waste materials (9) and (10) near the center of (7), the one having a large calorific value (10) is selected.
1-2-1) Calculate the calculated value of the selected waste quality (10) in the same manner as above, and if the calculated value and the measured value match, put the waste quality (10) into the incinerator. If the calculated value and the measured value are different and the calculated value is smaller than the measured value, select the waste quality (8) at the center of (7) and (9), and perform the same as above. The calculated value is calculated, and if the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste quality (8) is regarded as the waste quality put into the incinerator, and if the calculated value and the measured value are different, the calculated value is calculated. If it is smaller than the measured value, the waste quality (7) is used, and if the calculated value is larger than the measured value, the waste quality (9) is used as the waste quality put into the incinerator.
1-2-2) For the selected waste quality (10), the calculated value is obtained in the same manner as above, and when the calculated value and the measured value are different and the calculated value is larger than the measured value (11). Of (12) and (12), select (12) having a large calorific value, obtain a calculated value in the same manner as described above, and if the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste material (12) is placed in the incinerator. If the calculated value and the measured value are different from each other, the remaining waste quality (11) is taken as the waste quality charged into the incinerator.
In 1-1-1), 1-1-2) and 1-2-2), the one with the larger calorific value is selected, but of course you may decide to select the one with the smaller calorific value. The center value of the waste quality numbers (1) to (12) is devalued from 6.5, and (6) is used as the center value, and on the side with the smaller calorific value, the waste quality with the smaller calorific value is selected from the remaining waste quality. However, on the side with a large calorific value, a waste material having a large calorific value may be selected from the remaining waste materials.
If the calculated value of the waste quality selected as above and the measured value are compared and the two values are different, the next waste quality can be selected according to the above procedure from the magnitude relationship between the calculated value and the measured value. 1-1) If the calculated value is smaller than the measured value, it is not necessary to obtain the calculated value of the waste quality (7) to (12) on the right side of (6), and the above 1-2) calculated value is If it is larger than the measured value, it is not necessary to obtain the calculated value of the waste quality (1) to (5) on the left side of (6). According to this waste quality identification procedure, it is not necessary to obtain calculated values for all the waste quality in the waste quality database, so that the waste quality actually burned in the incinerator can be efficiently specified.
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the case where the calculated value and the actually measured value are exactly the same, and includes the case where they match within a predetermined range (threshold value) (for example, ± 0.05 in oxygen concentration).
For example, if the measured value of the oxygen concentration is 3.07%, the calculated value may be in the range of 3.02% to 3.12%.
2) When calculating the carbon dioxide concentration In the same way as when calculating the oxygen concentration, if the calculated value and the measured value match the carbon dioxide concentration of the selected waste material, the waste material is placed in the incinerator. It shall be the quality of the input waste. Hereinafter, similarly to the oxygen concentration, when the calculated value and the measured value of the carbon dioxide concentration are different, the remaining waste quality is selected to specify the waste quality put into the incinerator.
2-1) For the selected waste quality (6), if the calculated value is larger than the measured value, the leftmost (1) on the waste quality side where the calorific value of the waste quality database is small and the left side of (6) above Select the central waste quality (3) with (5).
2-1-1) The calculated value of the selected waste quality (3) was obtained in the same manner, and when the calculated value and the measured value matched, the waste quality (3) was put into the incinerator. If the calculated value is different from the measured value, and if the calculated value is larger than the measured value, select (2), which has a larger calorific value, from the remaining (1) and (2), and the same as above. If the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste quality (2) is regarded as the waste quality that has been put into the incinerator, and if the calculated value and the measured value are different, the remaining waste. Select quality (1).
2-1-2) For the selected waste quality (3), calculate the calculated value in the same way as above, and if the calculated value is smaller than the measured value, of the remaining (4) and (5), the calorific value Select a large (5), obtain the calculated value in the same way as in the previous term, and if the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste quality (5) is regarded as the waste quality put into the incinerator, and the calculated value and the calculated value are used. If the measured values are different, the remaining waste quality (4) is taken as the waste quality put into the incinerator.
2-2) For the selected waste quality (6), if the calculated value is smaller than the measured value, the rightmost (12) on the waste quality side with a large calorific value in the waste quality database and the right side of (6) above Of the waste materials (9) and (10) near the center of (7), the one having a large calorific value (10) is selected.
2-2-1) For the selected waste quality (10), calculate the calculated value in the same manner as above, and if the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste quality (10) is put into the incinerator. If the calculated value is different from the measured value and the calculated value is larger than the measured value, select the central waste quality (8) in (7) and (9) and calculate in the same way as above. If the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste quality (8) is regarded as the waste quality put into the incinerator, and if the calculated value and the measured value are different, the calculated value is the measured value. If it is larger, the waste quality (7) is used, and if the calculated value is smaller than the measured value, the waste quality (9) is used as the waste quality put into the incinerator.
2-2-2) For the selected waste quality (10), the calculated value is obtained in the same manner as above, and when the calculated value and the measured value are different and the calculated value is smaller than the measured value (11). Of (12) and (12), (12) having a large calorific value is selected, a calculated value is obtained in the same manner as described above, and if the calculated value and the measured value match, the waste material (12) is put into the incinerator. If the calculated value and the measured value are different from each other, the remaining waste quality (11) is regarded as the waste quality charged into the incinerator.
In 2-1-1), 2-1-2) and 2-2-2), the one with the larger calorific value is selected, but of course you may decide to select the one with the smaller calorific value. The center value of the waste quality numbers (1) to (12) is devalued from 6.5, and (6) is used as the center value, and on the side with the smaller calorific value, the waste quality with the smaller calorific value is selected from the remaining waste quality. However, on the side with a large calorific value, a waste material having a large calorific value may be selected from the remaining waste materials.
If the calculated value of the waste quality selected as above and the measured value are compared and the two values are different, the next waste quality can be selected according to the above procedure from the magnitude relationship between the calculated value and the measured value. 2-1) If the calculated value is larger than the measured value, it is not necessary to obtain the calculated value of the waste quality (7) to (12) on the right side of (6), and the above 2-2) calculated value is If it is smaller than the measured value, it is not necessary to obtain the calculated value of the waste quality (1) to (5) on the left side of (6). According to this waste quality identification procedure, it is not necessary to obtain calculated values for all the waste quality in the waste quality database, so that the waste quality actually burned in the incinerator can be efficiently specified.
The calculated value and the measured value are not limited to the case where they match exactly within a predetermined range (threshold value) (for example, within ± 2.0 in terms of carbon dioxide concentration).
For example, if the measured value of the carbon dioxide concentration is 19.0%, the calculated value may be in the range of 17.0% to 21.0%.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a procedure for identifying the waste quality put into the incinerator from the waste quality database in the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The gist of the procedure for identifying the waste quality put into the incinerator is to select the waste quality according to the following procedure.
An example of the procedure for identifying the waste quality from the waste quality database shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, a plurality of waste materials with the lowest calorific value (1), a waste material near the center (7), and a waste material with the highest calorific value (12) listed in the waste quality database. The oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration that is selected and generated is calculated and compared with the measured value, and it is determined whether the range including the measured value is <(7) or (7) ≦.
In the present embodiment, when selecting the central waste quality of a plurality of waste quality in the waste quality database, the median value of the waste quality numbers (1) to (12) is rounded up to 6.5 ( Although 7) is selected, the method is not limited to this, and a method of devaluing the center value and selecting (6) may be used.
2-1) When the range including the measured value is <(7), a plurality of waste materials with the smallest calorific value (1) and centers listed in the waste quality database of <(7). Select the waste material (4) that is close to the waste material (4) and the waste material (6) that has the largest calorific value of the waste material, calculate the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration generated, compare it with the measured value, and the range that the measured value is included is <(4) or (4) ≤ is determined.
2-1-1) When the range including the measured value is <(4), the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration generated in (1) to (3) described in the waste quality database of <(4) Are calculated and compared with the measured values, and the waste quality closest to the measured values is selected and used as the waste quality put into the incinerator.
2-1-2) When the range including the measured value is (4) ≤, the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration generated in (4) to (6) described in the waste quality database of (4) ≤ Are calculated and compared with the measured values, and the waste quality closest to the measured values is selected and used as the waste quality put into the incinerator.
2-2) When the range including the measured value is (7) ≤, the waste quality (7) with the smallest calorific value of the multiple waste materials listed in the waste quality database of (7) ≤, the center. Select the waste material (10) that is close to the waste material (10) and the waste material (12) that has the largest calorific value of the waste material, calculate the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration that is generated, compare it with the measured value, and the range that includes the measured value is <(10) or (10) ≦ is determined.
2-2-1) When the range including the measured value is <(10), the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration generated in (7) to (9) described in the waste quality database of <(10). Are calculated and compared with the measured values, and the waste quality closest to the measured values is selected and used as the waste quality put into the incinerator.
2-2-2) When the range including the measured value is (10) ≤, the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration generated in (10) to (12) described in the waste quality database of (10) ≤ Are calculated and compared with the measured values, and the waste quality closest to the measured values is selected and used as the waste quality put into the incinerator.
By selecting and narrowing down the range of waste quality that includes the measured value as described above, if the measured value is included in the range of 2-1) above, the waste quality (7) on the right from (7) )-(12) It is not necessary to obtain the calculated value of the waste quality, and if the measured value is included in the range of 2-2) above, the waste quality (1)-(6) on the left side of (7) There is no need to calculate the calculated value of waste quality. According to this waste quality identification procedure, it is not necessary to obtain calculated values for all the waste quality in the waste quality database, so that the waste quality actually burned in the incinerator can be efficiently specified.

[Calculation of oxygen concentration in exhaust gas of waste quality selected from waste quality database]
The calculated value of the oxygen concentration generated when the waste material selected from the waste quality database is burned in the combustion furnace is obtained.
Here, the calculation is performed using the waste quality 4 in Table 2 as an example. However, it is assumed that the measured values and constants are given by the following values.
<1> Measured value ・ (Garbage incineration amount) [kg / h] = 4000
・ (Primary air volume) [m ³ N / h] = 2900
・ (Garbage sewage spray amount) [kg / h] = 200
・ (Auxiliary fuel input) [L / h] = 95.3
・ (Urea spray amount) [kg / h] = 52.7
・ (Secondary air volume) [m ³ N / h] = 250
・ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h] = 2380.62
<2> Constant ・ (Moisture generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α1) [m ³ N / L] = 0.90
・ (Carbon dioxide generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α2) [m ³ N / L] = 0.85
・ (Nitrogen generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α3) [m ³ N / L] = 3.0
・ (Theoretical air volume for combustion of auxiliary fuel: ε) [m ³ N / L] = 7.5
・ (Fly ash rate β) [%] = 10
・ (Heat loss γ) [%] = 5
・ (Amount of air for spraying waste sewage: δ) [m ³ N / kg] = 0.5
・ (Enantiomeric excess of theoretical air volume for combustion of auxiliary fuel: ζ) = 1.5
・ (Amount of air for spraying urea water: η) [m ³ N / kg] = 0.30
・ (Enantiomeric excess of primary air volume: X) = 1.3
<3> Waste quality database value ・ (Moisture in waste) [%] = 43
・ (Combustible content in garbage) [%] = 50
・ (Ash in garbage) [%] = 7
・ (Ratio of carbon in garbage) [%] = 54
・ (Ratio of hydrogen in garbage) [%] = 7.6
・ (Ratio of nitrogen in garbage) [%] = 0.4
<4> Calculated value The calculated value is calculated by the following equations (5) to (8).
・ (Concentration of water that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle)
(H ₂ O') / {(H ₂ O') + (CO ₂ ') + (O ₂ ') + (N ₂ ')} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (5)
・ (Concentration of carbon dioxide that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle)
(CO ₂ ') / {(H ₂ O') + (CO ₂ ') + (O ₂ ') + (N ₂ ')} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (6)
・ (N-1 Oxygen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle)
(O ₂ ') / {(H ₂ O') + (CO ₂ ') + (O ₂ ') + (N ₂ ')} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (7)
・ (N-1 Nitrogen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle)
(N ₂ ') / {(H ₂ O') + (CO ₂ ') + (O ₂ ') + (N ₂ ')} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (8)

In Eq. (5) (moisture concentration that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%], the control cycle that outputs the primary air blow amount in the flowchart of FIG. 5 or 6 was set as the nth. When the amount of exhaust gas at the outlet of the incinerator at the control cycle n-1st,
Control cycle n-1 Water concentration [%] when the first cooling water spray amount [kg / h] × ((22.4L / mol) / (18.0g / mol)) is added. Here, the cooling water spray amount [kg / h] at the first control cycle n-1 is an actually measured value.
The gas concentration of the above equations (6) to (8) is cooled at the n-1th control cycle when the control cycle for outputting the primary air injection amount in the flowchart of FIG. 5 or 6 is the nth time. These are the carbon dioxide concentration, oxygen concentration, and nitrogen concentration in the exhaust gas that has passed through the tower.
Assuming that the control cycle for outputting the primary air injection amount in the above-mentioned flowchart of FIG. The reason for calculating the oxygen concentration from the nitrogen concentration is that the concentration of each component gas in the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) after passing through the cooling tower flowing into the incinerator is necessary for calculating the oxygen concentration in the nth control cycle. This is because the component gas concentration uses the concentration of each component gas in the n-1th control cycle immediately before the nth control cycle.

In the calculation, the following values were used in the above equations (5) to (8).
(H ₂ O') = (amount of water passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [m ³ N / h] = 9374.8,
(CO ₂ ') = (amount of carbon dioxide that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [m ³ N / h] = 2445,
(O ₂ ') = (amount of oxygen passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [m ³ N / h] = 339.6
(N ₂ ') = (n-1 amount of nitrogen passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle) [m ³ N / h] = 3711.4
The calculated values calculated as a result are as follows.
・ (Concentration of water that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%] = 59.07
・ (Concentration of carbon dioxide that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%] = 15.41
・ (Oxygen concentration that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%] = 2.14
・ (Nitrogen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%] = 23.38

Substituting the values of <1> and <2> and the values of waste quality 4 in the waste quality database in Table 2 <3> and <4> into the following equations (1) to (4) and equation (9) , Obtain an oxygen concentration of 3.10%.

・ Total amount of water (H ₂ O) [m ³ N / h]
= (Garbage incineration amount) [kg / h]
× [(Ratio of hydrogen in garbage) [%] × ((22.4L / mol) / (2.0g / mol)) × (Combustible content in garbage) [%]
＋ (Moisture in garbage) [%] × ((22.4L / mol) / (18.0g / mol))]
＋ (Garbage sewage spray amount) [kg / h] × ((22.4L / mol) / (18.0g / mol))
＋ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h] × (moisture concentration passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
＋ (Auxiliary fuel input) [L / h] × (Moisture generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α1) [m ³ N / L]
＋ (Urea spray amount) [kg / h] × ((22.4L / mol) / (18.0g / mol)) ・ ・ ・ Equation (1)

・ Total amount of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) [m ³ N / h]
= (Garbage incineration amount) [kg / h] × ((22.4L / mol) / (12.0g / mol))
× [(Ratio of carbon in garbage) [%] × (Combustible content in garbage) [%]
− (Ashes in garbage) [%] × [1− (Fly ash rate β) [%]] × (Absorption weight loss γ) [%]]
＋ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h] × (concentration of carbon dioxide that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
＋ (Auxiliary fuel input) [L / h] × (Carbon dioxide generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α2) [m ³ N / L]
・ ・ ・ Equation (2)

・ Total amount of oxygen (O ₂ ) [m ³ N / h]
= (Primary air volume) [m ³ N / h] x 0.21 x [(Primary air excess: X) -1]
＋ (Garbage sewage spray amount) [kg / h] × (Garbage sewage spray air amount: δ) [m ³ N / kg] × 0.21
＋ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h] × (n-1 Oxygen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle) [%]
＋ [(Theoretical amount of air for combustion of auxiliary fuel: ε) [m ³ N / L] × (Amount of auxiliary fuel input) [L / h]
× [(Enantiomeric excess of theoretical air volume for combustion of auxiliary fuel: ζ) − 1] × 0.21]
＋ (Secondary air volume) [m ³ N / h] × 0.21
＋ (Urea spray amount) [kg / h] × (Urea spray air amount: η) [m3N / kg] × 0.21
・ ・ ・ Equation (3)

・ Total amount of nitrogen (N ₂ ) [m ³ N / h]
= (Primary air volume) [m ³ N / h] × 0.79
＋ (Garbage incineration amount) [kg / h]
× (Ratio of nitrogen in garbage) [%] × ((22.4L / mol) / (28.0g / mol)) × (Combustible content in garbage) [%]
＋ (Garbage sewage spray amount) [kg / h] × (Garbage sewage spray air amount: δ) [m ³ N / kg] × 0.79
＋ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h] × (n-1 Nitrogen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle) [%]
＋ (Auxiliary fuel input amount) [L / h] × [(Theoretical air amount for auxiliary fuel combustion: ε) [m ³ N / L]
× (Enantiomeric excess: ζ) × 0.79 + (Nitrogen generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α3) [m ³ N / L]]
＋ (Secondary air volume) [m ³ N / h] × 0.79
＋ (Urea spray amount) [kg / h] × (Urea spray air amount: η) [m ³ N / kg] × 0.79
・ ・ ・ Equation (4)

・ Formula for calculating oxygen concentration in exhaust gas
(O ₂ ) / {(H ₂ O) + (CO ₂ ) + (O ₂ ) + (N ₂ )} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (9)

[Calculation of carbon dioxide concentration in exhaust gas of waste quality selected from waste quality database]
The calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration generated when the waste material selected from the waste quality database is burned in the combustion furnace is obtained. Here, the calculation is performed using the waste quality 4 in Table 2 as an example. However, it is assumed that the <1> measured value and the <2> constant are given by the same values as in [0013].
The values of <1> and <2> above, and the values of waste quality 4 in the waste quality database in Table 2 <3> and <4> are the values of equations (1) to (4) of [0013] and (1) to (4) of the following equation. Substituting into 10), a carbon dioxide concentration of 17.6% is obtained.

・ Formula for calculating carbon dioxide concentration in exhaust gas
(CO ₂ ) / {(H ₂ O) + (CO ₂ ) + (O ₂ ) + (N ₂ )} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (10)

The automatic combustion control method in the case of the waste incinerator [0011] according to the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In the switching of the waste incinerator according to the present invention to the automatic combustion control, the operator operates the incinerator, inputs the waste into the incinerator, calculates the amount of waste input by the combustion control unit 11, and performs the primary. Calculate the amount of air, the amount of waste sewage sprayed, the amount of exhaust gas recirculation, the amount of auxiliary fuel input, the amount of urea sprayed, etc. and supply it to the incinerator, and then confirm that there is no problem (steady state). When the automatic control is switched, the calculation is started by the program of the arithmetic unit 13.
In the above step, in order to specify the waste quality of the input waste, the combustion control unit 11 selects the waste quality based on Table 1 of the waste quality database, and formulas (1) to (4) and formulas (9), The calculated value of the oxygen concentration or the carbon dioxide concentration contained in the exhaust gas of the waste material selected based on (10) is obtained (S-1). On the other hand, the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration contained in the exhaust gas is measured to obtain the measured value.
The combustion control unit compares the calculated value of oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration with the measured value (S-2).
If the calculated value and the measured value match within the threshold range, it means that the input waste quality can be specified. Therefore, the combustion control unit blows the primary air into the incinerator corresponding to the specified waste quality. The combustion temperature can be optimally controlled by determining the amount and blowing it from the blower into the waste incinerator (S-3, S-4).
If the calculated value and the measured value do not match, another waste quality is selected from Table 1 of the waste quality database, and the above steps are repeated until a matching waste quality is identified (S-5).

The automatic combustion control method in the case of the waste incinerator [0012] according to the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In switching to the automatic combustion control of the waste incinerator according to the present invention, the operator operates the incinerator, inputs the waste into the incinerator, calculates the amount of waste input by the combustion control unit 11, and calculates the amount of the waste input into the primary air. After calculating the amount, waste sewage spray amount, exhaust gas recirculation amount, auxiliary fuel input amount, urea water spray amount, etc. and supplying them to the incinerator, confirm that there is no problem (steady state) before performing. When the control is switched to automatic control, the calculation is started by the program of the arithmetic unit 13.
In the above step, in order to determine the waste quality range of the input waste waste quality database, the combustion control unit 11 selects the minimum, intermediate and maximum waste quality of Table 1 based on Table 1 of the waste quality database. Calculated values of oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration contained in the exhaust gas of the waste material selected based on the formulas (1) to (4) and the formulas (9) and (10) are obtained (S-1). On the other hand, the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration contained in the exhaust gas is measured to obtain the measured value.
The combustion control unit compares the calculated value of oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration with the measured value, determines whether the measured value is (minimum to intermediate) or (intermediate to maximum), and selects a range with the measured value. (S-2).
If there are 2 or 3 waste materials in the remaining waste quality database (S-3), select and specify the waste quality closest to the measured value among the calculated values of minimum, intermediate and maximum (S-4). ).
Since the input waste quality can be specified, the control unit determines the amount of primary air to be blown into the incinerator according to the specified waste quality and blows it from the blower into the waste incinerator to generate the combustion temperature of the incinerator. Can be optimally controlled (S-5).
If the number of remaining waste materials in the waste quality database is 4 or more, select the minimum, intermediate and maximum waste quality in the selection range of the waste quality database, and formulas (1) to (4) and formulas (9), ( The step of obtaining each calculated value of the oxygen concentration or the carbon dioxide concentration contained in the exhaust gas of the waste material selected based on 10) is repeated (S-6).

According to the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator of the present invention, the quality of the charged waste can be specified each time the waste is charged into the incinerator, so that the amount of primary air blown into the incinerator can be determined. By adjusting, the combustion temperature and exhaust gas properties in the waste incinerator can be optimally controlled, and the generation of harmful components in the exhaust gas can be suppressed.

7 and 8 are overall system diagrams of other waste incineration facilities that carry out the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows an incinerator with a boiler, a line that supplies primary air from below the stoker consisting of a drying stage, a combustion stage, and a post-combustion stage, and an auxiliary fuel supply device that inputs auxiliary fuel when the temperature inside the incinerator is below a certain level. It consists of a waste sewage sprayer, an exhaust gas recirculation that returns a part of the exhaust gas to the incinerator to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides, and a secondary air supply line that completely burns unburned gas and unburned materials. It is equipped with a gas concentration measuring unit, boiler, economizer, bag filter, attracting blower, and chimney.
Fig. 8 shows a line that supplies primary air from below the stoker consisting of a drying stage, a combustion stage, and a post-combustion stage, an auxiliary fuel supply device that inputs auxiliary fuel when the temperature inside the incinerator is below a certain level, a waste sewage spraying device, and exhaust gas. It consists of an exhaust gas recirculation that returns a part of the gas to the incinerator to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides, a secondary air supply line that completely burns unburned gas and unburned substances, and a gas concentration measuring unit and gas. It is equipped with a cooling tower, heat exchanger, hot water heat exchanger, incinerator, bug filter, attracting blower, and chimney.

1 Garbage incinerator 2 Garbage combustion chamber 3 Garbage supply hopper 4 Garbage 5 Pusher 6 Stoker 7 Air blower 8 Cooling tower 9 Chimney 10 Ash chute 11 Combustion control unit 12 Controller 13 Computing device

Claims (5)

In the process of incinerating waste in a waste incinerator, the quality of waste put into the incinerator is specified based on the following procedure, and the amount of primary air blown into the waste incinerator is determined according to the specified quality of waste. An automatic combustion control method for waste incinerators, which is characterized by controlling and controlling the combustion of an incinerator.

The quality of the waste that is put into the waste incinerator and burned is calculated and estimated according to the following steps.
(R1) Select an arbitrary waste quality from the waste quality database and calculate the oxygen concentration generated when it is burned in the incinerator according to the calculation formula.
(R2) Measure the oxygen concentration exhausted from the waste incinerator and obtain the measured value.
(R3) The calculated value of the oxygen concentration is compared with the measured value.
(R4) When the calculated value of the oxygen concentration and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the waste quality is specified, the calculated value of the oxygen concentration is compared with the measured value, and the calculated value and the measured value of the oxygen concentration are compared. If is different within a predetermined range, select another waste material from the waste quality database and follow the steps (R1) to (R3) until the calculated oxygen concentration value and the measured value match within the predetermined range. The waste quality is specified by changing the waste quality.
(R5) The amount of primary air blown into the waste incinerator is controlled according to the specified waste quality. In the process of incinerating waste in a waste incinerator, the quality of waste input into the incinerator is specified based on the following procedure, and the amount of primary air blown into the waste incinerator is determined according to the specified quality of waste. An automatic combustion control method for waste incinerators, which is characterized by controlling and controlling the combustion of an incinerator.

The quality of the waste that is put into the waste incinerator and burned is calculated and estimated according to the following steps.
(S1) Select an arbitrary waste quality from the waste quality database and calculate the carbon dioxide concentration generated when it is burned in the incinerator according to the calculation formula.
(S2) Measure the concentration of carbon dioxide exhausted from the waste incinerator and obtain the measured value.
(S3) The calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration is compared with the measured value.
(S4) When the calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the identification of the waste quality is completed, the calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration is compared with the measured value, and the calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration is compared. If the measured value is different within the specified range, select another waste material from the waste quality database and follow the steps (S1) to (S3) above to keep the calculated and measured carbon dioxide concentration within the specified range. The waste quality is specified by changing the waste quality until they match.
(S5) The amount of primary air blown into the waste incinerator is controlled according to the specified waste quality. The invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the calculated values of the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations generated when the waste material selected from the waste quality database is burned in the incinerator are obtained according to the following formula. Automatic combustion control method for waste incinerators.

To calculate the oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration, first follow the following formulas (A) (1) to (4) and (B) formulas (5) to (8), and water at the incinerator outlet at the nth control cycle. Total amount of: (H ₂ O), total amount of carbon dioxide: (CO ₂ ), total amount of oxygen: (O ₂ ), total amount of nitrogen: (N ₂ ).
After that, the oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaust gas are obtained using Eqs. (C) (9) and (10).
The numerical values used in the formula are classified as follows: <1> measured value, <2> constant, <3> waste database value, and <4> calculated value.
<1> Measured value ・ (Garbage incineration amount) [kg / h]
・ (Primary air volume) [m ³ N / h]
・ (Garbage sewage spray amount) [kg / h]
・ (Auxiliary fuel input) [L / h]
・ (Urea spray amount) [kg / h]
・ (Secondary air volume) [m ³ N / h]
・ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h]
<2> Constant ・ (Moisture generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α1) [m ³ N / L]
・ (Carbon dioxide generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α 2) [m ³ N / L]
・ (Nitrogen generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α3) [m ³ N / L]
・ (Theoretical air volume for combustion of auxiliary fuel: ε) [m ³ N / L]
・ (Fly ash rate β) [%]
・ (Heat loss γ) [%]
・ (Amount of air for spraying waste sewage: δ) [m ³ N / kg]
・ (Enantiomeric excess of theoretical air volume for combustion of auxiliary fuel: ζ)
・ (Amount of air for spraying urea water: η) [m ³ N / kg]
・ (Enantiomeric excess of primary air volume: X)
<3> Waste quality database value ・ (Moisture in waste) [%]
・ (Combustible content in garbage) [%]
・ (Ash in garbage) [%]
・ (Ratio of carbon in garbage) [%]
・ (Ratio of hydrogen in garbage) [%]
・ (Ratio of nitrogen in garbage) [%]
<4> Calculated value (Details are described in item (B))
・ (Concentration of water that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
・ (Concentration of carbon dioxide that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
・ (N-1 Oxygen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle) [%]
・ (N-1 Nitrogen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle) [%]

(A) Total emission of each exhaust gas at the incinerator outlet
(A) -1 Total amount of water (H ₂ O) [m ³ N / h]
= (Garbage incineration amount) [kg / h]
× [(Ratio of hydrogen in garbage) [%] × ((22.4L / mol) / (2.0g / mol)) × (Combustible content in garbage) [%]
＋ (Moisture in garbage) [%] × ((22.4L / mol) / (18.0g / mol))]
＋ (Garbage sewage spray amount) [kg / h] × ((22.4L / mol) / (18.0g / mol))
＋ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h] × (moisture concentration passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
＋ (Auxiliary fuel input) [L / h] × (Moisture generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α1) [m ³ N / L]
＋ (Urea spray amount) [kg / h] × ((22.4L / mol) / (18.0g / mol)) ・ ・ ・ Equation (1)
(A) -2 Total amount of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) [m ³ N / h]
= (Garbage incineration amount) [kg / h] × ((22.4L / mol) / (12.0g / mol))
× [(Ratio of carbon in garbage) [%] × (Combustible content in garbage) [%]
− (Ash content in garbage) [%] × (1− (Fly ash rate β) [%]) × (Absorption weight loss γ) [%]
＋ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h] × (concentration of carbon dioxide that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
＋ (Auxiliary fuel input) [L / h] × (Carbon dioxide generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α2) [m ³ N / L]
・ ・ ・ Equation (2)
(A) -3 Total amount of oxygen (O ₂ ) [m ³ N / h]
= (Primary air volume) [m ³ N / h] × 0.21 × [(Primary air excess air ratio: X) −1]
＋ (Garbage sewage spray amount) [kg / h] × (Garbage sewage spray air amount: δ) [m ³ N / kg] × 0.21
＋ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h] × (n-1 Oxygen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle) [%]
＋ [(Theoretical amount of air for combustion of auxiliary fuel: ε) [m ³ N / L] × (Amount of auxiliary fuel input) [L / h]
× [(Enantiomeric excess of theoretical air volume for combustion of auxiliary fuel: ζ) − 1] × 0.21]
＋ (Secondary air volume) [m ³ N / h] × 0.21
＋ (Urea spray amount) [kg / h] × (Urea spray air amount: η) [m ³ N / kg] × 0.21
・ ・ ・ Equation (3)
(A) -4 Total amount of nitrogen (N ₂ ) [m ³ N / h]
= (Primary air volume) [m ³ N / h] × 0.79
＋ (Garbage incineration amount) [kg / h]
× (Ratio of nitrogen in garbage) [%] × ((22.4L / mol) / (28.0g / mol)) × (Combustible content in garbage) [%]
＋ (Garbage sewage spray amount) [kg / h] × (Garbage sewage spray air amount: δ) [m ³ N / kg] × 0.79
＋ EGR flow rate [m ³ N / h] × (n-1 Nitrogen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle) [%]
＋ (Auxiliary fuel input amount) [L / h] × [(Theoretical air amount for auxiliary fuel combustion: ε) [m ³ N / L] ×
(Auxiliary fuel combustion theoretical air excess air ratio: ζ) × 0.79 + (Nitrogen generated by combustion of auxiliary fuel: α3) [m ³ N / L]]
＋ (Secondary air volume) [m ³ N / h] × 0.79
＋ (Urea spray amount) [kg / h] × (Urea spray air amount: η) [m ³ N / kg] × 0.79
・ ・ ・ Equation (4)

(B) (Gas concentration that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%] [1] (Moisture concentration that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
[2] (concentration of carbon dioxide that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
[3] (Oxygen concentration that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
[4] (Nitrogen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%]
[1] (moisture concentration that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [%] is the incinerator in the n-1th control cycle when the control cycle for outputting the primary air injection amount is the nth. For the amount of exhaust gas at the exit
Control cycle n-1 Water concentration [%] when the first cooling water spray amount [kg / h] x ((22.4L / mol) / (18.0g / mol)) is added.
Here, the cooling water spray amount [kg / h] at the first control cycle n-1 is an actually measured value.
The gas concentrations of [2] to [4] above are the concentration of carbon dioxide, the concentration of oxygen, and the concentration of nitrogen in the exhaust gas that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1th control cycle in which the amount of primary air blown is output. Is.
Each concentration is
(H ₂ O') = (amount of water passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [m ³ N / h]
(CO ₂ ') = (n-1 amount of carbon dioxide that passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle) [m ³ N / h]
(O ₂ ') = (amount of oxygen passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle) [m ³ N / h]
(N ₂ ') = (n-1 amount of nitrogen passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle) [m ³ N / h]
It is calculated by the following formula using.
・ (Concentration of water that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle)
(H ₂ O') / {(H ₂ O') + (CO ₂ ') + (O ₂ ') + (N ₂ ')} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (5)
・ (Concentration of carbon dioxide that passed through the cooling tower in the n-1st control cycle)
(CO ₂ ') / {(H ₂ O') + (CO ₂ ') + (O ₂ ') + (N ₂ ')} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (6)
・ (N-1 Oxygen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle)
(O ₂ ') / {(H ₂ O') + (CO ₂ ') + (O ₂ ') + (N ₂ ')} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (7)
・ (N-1 Nitrogen concentration passed through the cooling tower in the first control cycle)
(N ₂ ') / {(H ₂ O') + (CO ₂ ') + (O ₂ ') + (N ₂ ')} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (8)

(C) Calculation of oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration ・ Oxygen concentration
(O ₂ ) / {(H ₂ O) + (CO ₂ ) + (O ₂ ) + (N ₂ )} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (9)
・ Carbon dioxide concentration
(CO ₂ ) / {(H ₂ O) + (CO ₂ ) + (O ₂ ) + (N ₂ )} × 100 ・ ・ ・ Equation (10)
The waste incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waste quality input to the incinerator is specified from the waste quality database in the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator by the following procedure. Automatic combustion control method.

(T1) The waste quality database is arranged in the order of the calorific value of the waste. The waste quality with a small calorific value is arranged on the left side of the database, and the waste quality with a large calorific value is arranged on the right side of the database.
When multiple waste materials listed in the waste quality database near the center of the waste quality are selected and burned in an incinerator, the calculated and measured values of the oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration generated are compared with the measured values to determine the oxygen concentration. When the calculated value and the measured value match within a predetermined range, or when the calculated value of oxygen concentration and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the waste quality put into the incinerator is the selected waste quality. Identify as being.
(T2) In the case of oxygen concentration, when the calculated value and the measured value do not match within a predetermined range, the waste quality is selected according to the case where the calculated value is higher or lower than the measured value. fix. When the calculated value is higher than the measured value, the waste quality selection range is narrowed between the selected central waste material and the right waste material having the largest calorific value, and the calculated value is the measured value. If it is lower than the above, narrow the waste quality selection range between the selected central waste quality and the left waste quality with the smallest calorific value, and select the central waste quality within the narrowed range. The oxygen concentration generated when the selected waste quality is burned in the incinerator is calculated, and when the calculated value of the oxygen concentration and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the waste quality put into the incinerator is selected. Identify as waste quality.
(T3) In the case of oxygen concentration, if the calculated value and the measured value of the oxygen concentration generated when the waste quality selected above is burned in the incinerator are different, the waste quality is selected and selected again according to the above procedure. The above procedure (T2) is repeated until the calculated value and the measured value of the oxygen concentration of the waste material match within a predetermined range.
In the case of (T2') carbon dioxide concentration, when the calculated value and the measured value do not match within a predetermined range, the waste quality is classified into the case where the calculated value is higher than the measured value and the case where the measured value is lower than the measured value. Reselect. When the calculated value is higher than the measured value, the waste material selection range is narrowed between the selected central waste material and the left waste material having the smallest calorific value, and the calculated value is the measured value. If it is lower than the above, narrow the waste quality selection range between the selected central waste quality and the right waste material with the highest calorific value, and select the central waste quality within the narrowed range. Calculate the carbon dioxide concentration generated when the selected waste quality burns in the incinerator, and if the calculated value of the carbon dioxide concentration and the measured value match within a predetermined range, the waste quality put into the incinerator is the waste quality. , Identify the selected waste quality.
In the case of (T3') carbon dioxide concentration, if the calculated value and the measured value of the carbon dioxide concentration generated when the waste quality selected above is burned in the incinerator are different, select the waste quality again according to the above procedure. , The above procedure (T2') is repeated until the calculated value and the measured value of the carbon dioxide concentration of the selected waste material match within a predetermined range. The waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the waste quality input to the incinerator is specified from the waste quality database in the automatic combustion control method of the waste incinerator by the following procedure. Automatic combustion control method.

(U1) The waste quality database is arranged in the order of the calorific value of the waste. The waste quality with a small calorific value is arranged on the left side of the database, and the waste quality with a large calorific value is arranged on the right side of the database.
When [1] the leftmost waste quality, [2] the rightmost waste quality, and [3] multiple waste quality near the center of the waste quality are selected and burned in the incinerator, they are listed in the waste quality database. By comparing the calculated value of the generated oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration with the measured value, it is determined whether the range including the measured value is [1] to [2] or [2] to [3].
(U2) Repeat (U1) until the remaining waste quality becomes 2 or 3 in the range including the measured value.
(U3) When there are only 2 or 3 pieces of waste, calculate the calculated value of each waste, select the waste that is close to the measured value, and specify the waste.

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