JP2020018244A - Walking type managing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a walking type managing machine capable of enhancing safety during a turning operation.SOLUTION: A walking type managing machine 1 includes: travelling wheels 17L and 17R provided at the tip of right and left axles 16R and 16L; a differential lock device for regulating a differential motion of the right and left axles 16R and 16L; a differential lock lever 41 switched between a lock position for bringing the differential lock device into an operation state and an unlock position for bringing the differential lock device into a release state; and interlocking means for bringing an engine rotation into a low speed rotation state interlocking with an operation to switch the differential lock lever 41 into the unlock position.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a walking management machine.

  For example, as described in Patent Literature 1, there is known a walking-type management device in which a differential lock device that regulates a differential between left and right axles can be switched between an operating state and a released state by rotating a differential lock lever. Have been. When turning the management machine, the differential lock lever is operated to release the differential lock device, so that the left and right axles supporting the traveling wheels can be made differential.

  When turning the management machine, if the engine speed is maintained at a high speed, the turning speed of the management machine increases, making the operation difficult, and the operator may lose his posture. Therefore, it is considered that the safety at the time of the turning operation is improved by improving this.

JP 2012-86707 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a walking management machine capable of improving safety during a turning operation.

  The walking type management device according to the present invention includes a traveling wheel provided at a tip portion of each of left and right axles, a differential lock device that regulates a differential between the left and right axles, and a lock position for setting the differential lock device to an operating state. And a differential lock lever that is switched between an unlock position for releasing the differential lock device and an interlocking unit that sets the engine rotation to a low-speed rotation state in response to an operation of switching the differential lock lever to the unlock position. Is provided. According to such a configuration, when the differential lock lever is switched to the unlock position when the management machine is turned, the engine speed is reduced to a low-speed rotation state in conjunction with the operation, so that safety during the turning operation can be enhanced. .

  For example, an electronic governor that controls engine rotation, an engine electronic control device that controls the operation of the electronic governor, and a detection device that detects that an operation of switching the differential lock lever to an unlock position is performed. The interlocking means controls the operation of the electronic governor by sending a detection signal output from the detection device to the engine electronic control device when an operation of switching the differential lock lever to the unlock position is performed. Thus, the configuration may be such that the engine rotation is set to a low-speed rotation state. In this case, the engine speed can be reduced to a low speed by utilizing the operation control of the electronic governor, and the safety at the time of the turning operation is enhanced.

  For example, an accelerator lever for adjusting the engine rotation has a return switch for moving the accelerator lever to a low-speed rotation operation position, and the interlocking means operates when the differential lock lever is switched to an unlock position. The differential lock lever may press the return switch to set the engine rotation to a low-speed rotation state. In this case, the rotation of the engine can be reduced to a low-speed rotation state by using the return switch of the accelerator lever, and the safety during the turning operation is enhanced.

  The interlocking means is configured to operate when the work clutch for turning on / off the power transmission from the engine to the tillage device is in the on state, and not to operate when the work clutch is in the off state. Is preferred. Thereby, when traveling without operating the tillage device, the operability is improved because the interlocking means does not set the engine rotation to the low-speed rotation state.

  It is preferable that the interlocking means is configured to be freely switchable between a valid state in which the interlocking means operates and an invalid state in which the interlocking means does not operate. If you want to use the engine with a high-speed rotation while releasing the differential lock device, as in the case of working with a working machine (attachment) such as a cultivator, you can respond by switching the interlocking means to an invalid state.

Left side view showing an example of a walking type management machine according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the walking management machine. Rear view of the walking management machine in FIG. Diagram showing conceptually interlocking means using operation control of electronic governor Perspective view of an accelerator lever having a return switch Diagram showing the interlocking means using the return switch of the accelerator lever

  An example of the walking management machine according to the present invention will be described.

[Overall structure of walking management machine]
First, the overall structure of the walking management machine will be briefly described. 1 to 3 are a left side view, a plan view, and a rear view, respectively, of the walking management device 1 of the present embodiment (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as “management device 1”). In FIG. 1, the front-back direction and the up-down direction of the management device 1 are indicated by arrows. Here, “forward” is a direction in which the management device 1 moves forward, and “back” is a direction in which the management device 1 moves backward. “Down” is the direction of gravity, and “up” is the opposite direction of gravity.

  The management machine 1 is a rotary working machine that can perform management work such as ridge work at the same time as tilling work. The body 10 that constitutes the main body of the management machine 1 has a mission case 11, an engine 12, and an engine frame 13. The transmission case 11 has a shape that is bent in a boomerang shape when viewed from the side, and is disposed below the body 10. An engine 12 is mounted and fixed above the transmission case 11 via an engine frame 13. The engine 12 is a drive source that generates power required for running and tilling work of the management machine 1. A fuel tank 14 is provided above the engine 12. The cap 14a is attached to a filler port provided on the upper part of the fuel tank 14. By removing the cap 14a, fuel can be supplied to the fuel tank 14.

  The transmission case 11 is linked to the engine 12 via a transmission case 15. The transmission case 15 has a built-in belt transmission mechanism 15 </ b> B that transmits power from the engine 12 to the transmission case 11. The belt transmission mechanism 15B includes a main clutch 15C that switches on and off power transmission to the transmission case 11. The main clutch 15C is configured to switch on / off of power transmission by changing the belt tension. The transmission housed in the transmission case 11 includes a traveling system transmission mechanism (not shown) for transmitting power to the pair of left and right axles 16L and 16R, and a work system transmission mechanism (for transmitting power to the work shaft 21 of the tilling device 20). (Not shown). The work system transmission mechanism includes a work clutch (not shown) for turning on and off power transmission to the tillage device 20.

  The left and right axles 16L, 16R are rotatably supported at the rear of the transmission case 11. The left axle 16L protrudes leftward from the transmission case 11, and a running wheel 17L is fixed to a tip end thereof. The right axle 16R protrudes rightward from the transmission case 11, and a traveling wheel 17R is fixed to a distal end thereof. As described above, the running wheels 17L and 17R for running the management machine 1 are provided at the tips of the axles 16L and 16R, respectively. Tires 17t, 17t are mounted on the outer circumferences of the running wheels 17L, 17R, respectively. The management machine 1 is a so-called front rotary type walking management machine, and a tilling device 20 is provided in front of the running wheels 17L and 17R. The tillage device 20 includes a working shaft 21, a tillage claw 22, and a rotary cover 23.

  Inside the transmission case 11, a differential device (not shown) for differentially driving the left and right axles 16L and 16R, and a differential lock device (not shown) for restricting the differential between the left and right axles 16L and 16R by the differential device. Are provided. The operation of the differential lock device is linked with the operation of the differential lock lever 41. The differential lock lever 41 is switched between a lock position (solid line in FIG. 2) for bringing the differential lock device into an operating state and an unlock position (dashed line in FIG. 2) for bringing the differential lock device into an unlocked state. That is, by rotating the differential lock lever 41, the left and right axles 16L and 16R can be locked to make the relative rotation impossible, or the lock can be released to make the relative rotation possible.

  The work shaft 21 is rotatably supported at the front of the transmission case 11. The work shaft 21 protrudes from the transmission case 11 to both left and right sides, and a plurality of tilling claws 22 are fixed to an outer peripheral surface thereof. The tilling nail 22 is formed by a curved elongated metal plate. The rotary cover 23 is fixed to the engine frame 13 so as to cover the tilling claw 22 from above. The rotary cover 23 prevents the soil splashed by the tilling claws 22 from scattering around. Auxiliary wheels 18 are arranged in front of the tilling device 20. The auxiliary wheels 18, 18 are supported by the engine frame 13 via an auxiliary wheel frame 18f so as to be vertically rotatable.

  A handle 30 extending rearward and upward from the rear of the transmission case 11 is provided behind the transmission case 11. The handle 30 includes a base side handle 31 and an upper side handle 32. The base side handle 31 is formed of a bar-shaped member that extends vertically in a rearwardly inclined posture. A lower end portion (front end portion) of the base side handle 31 is fixed to a rear portion of the transmission case 11 via a bracket 36 described later. A rope hook 31f is provided in the middle of the base side handle 31. At the time of transportation, the management machine 1 can be fixed to a truck bed or the like by hanging a rope on the rope hook 31f.

  The upper handle 32 is formed of a rod-shaped member having a loop shape, and constitutes a portion to be gripped by an operator. The front end of the upper handle 32 is connected to the upper end of the base handle 31 via a rotating shaft 33 whose axis is oriented in the left-right direction. The upper handle 32 can be turned up and down with respect to the base handle 31 about the turning shaft 33 as a fulcrum. On the right side of the rotating shaft 33, a handle fixing lever 34 is provided. When the handle fixing lever 34 is turned in a loosening direction, the upper handle 32 can be turned. When the handle fixing lever 34 is turned in a tightening direction, the turning position of the upper handle 32 is fixed.

  An accelerator lever 35 for adjusting engine rotation is provided on the handle 30. In the present embodiment, the accelerator lever 35 is attached to the left side of the upper handle 32. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the accelerator lever 35 can be attached to the right side of the upper handle 32 as shown in FIG. The accelerator lever 35 is configured to be rotatable. The operator can adjust the rotational speed of the engine 12 by adjusting the rotation angle of the accelerator lever 35. The rotational operation position of the accelerator lever 35 is held until operated by an operator.

  An operation box 40 is provided at the front of the upper handle 32. In the operation box 40, a differential lock lever 41, an engine switch 42 and a main clutch lever 43 are arranged. An operation plate 50 is provided on a rear upper surface of the transmission case 11. The operation plate 50 is provided with a speed change lever 51 and a working depth adjustment lever 52. The rear ends of the speed change lever 51 and the cultivation depth adjusting lever 52 extend rearward and upward of the body 10. The management machine 1 can be artificially operated by the accelerator lever 35, the differential lock lever 41, the engine switch 42, the shift lever 51, the tillage depth adjusting lever 52, and the like.

  The differential lock lever 41 is an operating tool for operating the differential lock device as described above. The differential lock lever 41 extends rearward and upward from the base end portion covered by the operation box 40 toward the operator (rear side of the machine body 10). The proximal end of the differential lock lever 41 is connected to a differential lock device via a link mechanism, a wire, or the like. The base end of the differential lock lever 41 is supported via a rotation shaft (not shown) whose axis is directed in the vertical direction. The differential lock lever 41 can rotate left and right with respect to the upper handle 32 about the rotation axis. The operation box 40 is formed with a guide groove 41 g for guiding the rotation of the differential lock lever 41.

  The engine switch 42 is an operating tool for starting and stopping the engine 12. When the engine switch 42 is pressed and turned to a predetermined position, the engine 12 can be started, and the engine switch 42 is held in a floating state. When the raised engine switch 42 is pressed, the engine switch 42 returns to the initial position, and the engine 12 stops. Therefore, when the operator wants to stop the traveling of the management machine 1 or the tilling operation in an emergency, the operator can cope by pressing the engine switch 42. The engine switch 42 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the operation box 40 and is disposed in front of the differential lock lever 41.

  The main clutch lever 43 is formed of a U-shaped member that is long in the left-right direction, and a central portion thereof is covered with an operation box 40. The central portion of the main clutch lever 43 is supported via a rotating shaft 43a whose axis is directed to the left and right. The main clutch lever 43 can rotate up and down around its rotation shaft 43a. The operation box 40 is formed with guide grooves 43g, 43g for guiding the rotation of the main clutch lever 43. The main clutch lever 43 is disposed above the upper handle 32, and when the main clutch lever 43 is rotated downward, the main clutch lever 43 covers the upper handle 32 substantially along the upper handle 32. For this reason, the operator can bundle and hold the main clutch lever 43 with the upper handle 32.

  The main clutch lever 43 is connected to the main clutch 15C via a link mechanism, a wire, or the like. The main clutch lever 43 rotates vertically between an upper rotation position where the main clutch 15C is engaged and a lower rotation position where the main clutch 15C is disengaged. When the operator bundles and grips the main clutch lever 43 with the upper handle 32, the main clutch lever 43 is rotated downward, the main clutch 15C is engaged, and the power from the engine 12 is transmitted to the transmission case 11. On the other hand, when the operator has released his / her hand from the main clutch lever 43, the main clutch lever 43 is rotated upward, the main clutch 15C is disengaged, and power is not transmitted to the transmission case 11.

  The speed change lever 51 switches the forward / backward movement of the management machine 1, switches the forward speed (“slow” or “fast”), and switches the rotation and stop (“work” or “move”) of the work shaft 21. Operating tool for The base end of the speed change lever 51 is connected to a gear constituting a transmission in the transmission case 11. When the shift lever 51 is set to “work”, the work clutch is engaged, the power from the engine 12 is transmitted to the tillage device 20, and the work shaft 21 rotates. When the speed change lever 51 is set to a position other than “work”, the work clutch is disengaged, power is not transmitted to the tillage device 20, and the work shaft 21 stops rotating. The operation plate 50 is formed with a guide groove 51g for guiding the tilting operation of the transmission lever 51.

  The tillage depth adjusting lever 52 is an operating tool for adjusting the height (the position in the vertical direction) of the auxiliary wheels 18 with respect to the tillage device 20. The base end of the cultivation depth adjusting lever 52 is connected to the auxiliary wheel frame 18f via a link mechanism pivotally supported by the machine body 10. By operating the tillage depth adjusting lever 52, the auxiliary wheels 18, 18 can be turned up and down, and the tillage depth can be adjusted. The operation plate 50 is formed with a guide groove 52g for guiding the tilting operation of the tillage depth adjusting lever 52. The speed change lever 51 and the working depth adjustment lever 52 both extend rearward and upward of the body 10 and are arranged side by side in the left-right direction.

  A bracket 36 is fixed above a rear part of the transmission case 11. The bracket 36 is arranged below the operation plate 50. The bracket 36 is configured such that a movable hitch (not shown) can be attached to a rear surface thereof. Various working machines (not shown) can be attached to the hitch as needed. That is, in the management machine 1, various working machines (attachments) are detachably provided behind the traveling wheels 17L and 17R. Examples of the working machine include, but are not limited to, a cultivator and a seeder.

  In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which the management machine 1 includes a leveling member 6 for leveling the ground tilled by the tilling device 20. The ground leveling member 6 is supported by the lower part of the transmission case 11 so as to be vertically rotatable and to rotate downward by its own weight. In addition, the ground leveling member 6 touches the ground behind the traveling wheels 17L and 17R to perform the ground leveling action. Since the leveling member 6 is supported by the transmission case 11 and is attached to a different place from the hitch, the work is performed by attaching a working machine such as a cultivator to the hitch while performing the leveling action. be able to. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to employ a leveling member attached to the hitch as a working machine.

[Interlocking means]
As described above, the management machine 1 operates the differential lock device that regulates the operation of the traveling wheels 17L, 17R and the left and right axles 16L, 16R provided at the tips of the left and right axles 16L, 16R, and the differential lock device. A differential lock lever 41 is provided which can be switched between a lock position for setting the state and an unlock position for setting the differential lock device to the release state. Further, the management device 1 of the present embodiment includes an interlocking unit 7 (see FIG. 4) that sets the engine rotation to a low-speed rotation state in conjunction with an operation of switching the differential lock lever 41 to the unlock position. When the differential lock lever 41 is switched to the unlock position, the rotation of the engine is reduced to a low speed in conjunction with the operation, so that the operator does not lose his posture due to the turning speed of the management machine 1, and the operator does not lose his posture during the turning operation. Safety is enhanced.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the management machine 1 of the present embodiment includes an electronic governor 71 for controlling engine rotation, an electronic engine control device 72 for controlling the operation of the electronic governor 71, and a differential lock lever 41 in an unlock position. A limit switch 73 (an example of a detection device) that detects that the switching operation has been performed. The rotation control of the engine 12 is performed by throttle opening control and fuel supply control by the operation of the electronic governor 71, and the operation control of the electronic governor 71 is performed by the engine electronic control device 72. The limit switch 73 is configured to be pushed by the differential lock lever 41 that is switched to the unlock position. The limit switch 73 is arranged, for example, inside the operation box 40 near the left end of the guide groove 41g.

  The accelerator lever 35 is provided with a potentiometer 38 for detecting a rotation angle (a rotation operation position). An accelerator signal output from the potentiometer 38 according to the rotation angle of the accelerator lever 35 is sent to the engine electronic control unit 72. The engine electronic control unit 72 controls the operation of the electronic governor 71 so that the engine speed corresponding to the accelerator signal is obtained. In the example of FIG. 4, the accelerator lever 35 is connected to the engine 12 not via a wire but via the line 38a, the engine electronic control unit 72, and the line 72a.

  The interlocking means 7 controls the operation of the electronic governor 71 by sending a detection signal output from the limit switch 73 to the engine electronic control device 72 when the operation of switching the differential lock lever 41 to the unlock position is performed. The engine is configured to be in a low-speed rotation state. Thereby, even if the accelerator lever 35 is not operated, the engine rotation is in a low-speed rotation state, and the operation does not become difficult due to an increase in the turning speed of the management machine 1, and the safety at the time of the turning operation is improved. According to the present embodiment, even if the accelerator lever 35 is at the high-speed rotation operation position, if the operation for releasing the differential lock is performed, the engine rotation can be automatically reduced to idling in conjunction with the operation. This idling rotation speed may be arbitrarily set.

  When the differential lock lever 41 is returned from the unlock position to the lock position after the turning operation, the detection signal is not output from the limit switch 73, and the engine electronic control unit 72 responds to the accelerator signal output from the potentiometer 38. The operation of the electronic governor 71 is controlled so that the engine rotates. Even if the rotation of the engine is reduced to a low speed by the function of the interlocking means 7, the position of the accelerator lever 35 is held in a state immediately before the differential lock lever 41 is switched to the unlock position unless the operator operates it. Therefore, when the differential lock lever 41 is returned to the locked position, it is possible to return to the immediately preceding engine rotation.

  In the present embodiment, the interlocking means 7 operates when the work clutch for turning on / off the power transmission from the engine 12 to the tillage device 20 is in the on state, and does not operate when the work clutch is in the off state. It is configured as follows. That is, the working clutch is in the engaged state (that is, the working shaft 21 is rotating) is a necessary condition for the interlocking means 7 to function. As a result, when traveling without operating the tillage device 20, such as when simply traveling on a road, the interlocking unit 7 does not set the engine rotation to the low-speed rotation state, so that operability is improved. The on / off state of the work clutch can be detected by, for example, a lever position sensor (not shown) that detects a tilting operation position of the shift lever 51.

  It is preferable that the interlocking means 7 is configured to be freely switchable between a valid state in which the interlocking means 7 operates and an invalid state in which the interlocking means 7 does not operate. In this way, when the engine rotation is to be performed at a high speed while the differential lock device is released, such as when working with a work implement such as a cultivator mounted on a hitch, the interlocking means 7 is switched to an invalid state. Can respond. From the viewpoint of improving operability, it is desirable that the valid state / invalid state of the interlocking means 7 can be switched by an operation at hand of the operator, specifically, an operation on the handle 30 or the operation box 40.

  In the above case, it is conceivable to provide a cancel switch (not shown) for switching the valid / invalid state of the interlocking means 7. The cancel switch can be provided integrally with the limit switch 73. In this case, when the operator presses the cancel switch, the function of the limit switch 73 is invalidated, and the detection signal is not output even if the limit switch 73 is pressed. Pressing the cancel switch again activates the function of the limit switch 73 and returns to the original state. Alternatively, the position or direction of the limit switch 73 may be changed so that the limit switch 73 is not pressed even when the differential lock lever 41 is switched to the unlock position.

  The cancel switch can be provided separately from the limit switch 73. In this case, it is preferable that the cancel switch be provided at or near the rear end (the portion extending in the left-right direction) of the upper handle 32. Since the rear end of the upper handle 32 is a place that the operator always touches during work, the workability when switching the state of the interlocking means 7 is improved. Further, it is preferable that the cancel switch is located on the center line of the body 10 extending in the front-rear direction (the center line of the body 10 in the left-right direction). When loading the management machine 1 on a truck or the like, the engine rotation may be performed at a low speed and the differential lock device may be operated in some cases.

  In the present embodiment, the interlocking means 7 using the operation control of the electronic governor 71 is illustrated in FIG. 4, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the interlocking means 7 using the return switch 35r of the accelerator lever 35 as shown in FIGS. The one provided with the means 8 may be used. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has the same configuration as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 except for the configuration described below. Therefore, the common points are omitted and mainly the differences will be described. The same members as those already described are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

  5 and 6, the accelerator lever 35 has a return switch 35r for moving the accelerator lever 35 to the low-speed rotation operation position. The return switch 35r is arranged so as to protrude from the bottom surface of the accelerator lever 35 and pass through a through hole 32h provided in the upper handle 32. The return switch 35r is urged by a spring 35s in a direction in which the return switch 35r protrudes, and the tip end protrudes from the through hole 32h. When the return switch 35r is pressed, the accelerator lever 35 is forcibly moved to a low-speed rotation operation position (idling position) by a spring or the like in the accelerator lever 35.

  In this embodiment, the differential lock lever 41 is attached to the upper handle 32. The interlocking means 8 is configured such that when the operation of switching the differential lock lever 41 to the unlock position (broken line in FIG. 6) is performed, the differential lock lever 41 presses the return switch 35r, thereby setting the engine rotation to the low-speed rotation state. Have been. As a result, the engine rotation is brought into a low-speed rotation state in conjunction with the operation of the differential lock lever 41, and a situation in which the operation becomes difficult due to an increase in the turning speed of the management machine 1 does not occur, and the safety during the turning operation is enhanced. In such a configuration, the governor mounted on the engine 12 is not limited to the electronic governor 71 as shown in FIG. 4, but may be a mechanical governor. In that case, the accelerator lever 35 is connected to the engine 12 via a wire. You.

  In the above-described embodiment, the front rotary type walking-type management device has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. Therefore, for example, the walking management machine according to the present invention may be of a type in which a tilling device is provided behind the traveling wheels.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment at all, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Walking control machine 10 Body 12 Engine 16L Axle 16R Axle 17L Running wheel 17R Running wheel 20 Tillage device 30 Handle 35 Accel lever 35r Return switch 41 Diff lock lever 71 Electronic governor 72 Engine electronic control device 73 Limit switch (an example of a detection device)

Claims (5)

Running wheels provided at the tips of the left and right axles,
A differential lock device that regulates the differential between the left and right axles;
A lock position for switching the differential lock device to an operating state, and a differential lock lever switched between an unlock position for releasing the differential lock device to an unlocked state;
Interlocking means for interlocking the operation of switching the differential lock lever to the unlock position to set the engine rotation to a low-speed rotation state. An electronic governor that controls engine rotation;
An engine electronic control device for controlling the operation of the electronic governor;
A detecting device that detects that an operation of switching the differential lock lever to the unlock position has been performed,
The interlocking means controls the operation of the electronic governor by transmitting a detection signal output from the detection device to the engine electronic control device when an operation of switching the differential lock lever to the unlock position is performed. 2. The walking-type management device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation of the engine is set to a low-speed rotation state. An accelerator lever for adjusting engine rotation has a return switch for moving the accelerator lever to a low-speed rotation operation position,
2. The interlocking means is configured such that when the operation of switching the differential lock lever to the unlock position is performed, the differential lock lever presses the return switch, thereby setting the engine rotation to a low-speed rotation state. 3. 2. The walking management machine according to 1.   The interlocking means is configured to operate when the work clutch for turning on / off the power transmission from the engine to the tillage device is in the on state, and not to operate when the work clutch is in the off state. The walking management machine according to claim 1.   The walking type management machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the interlocking means is configured to be able to freely switch between a valid state in which the interlocking means operates and an invalid state in which the interlocking means does not operate.

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