JP2020010617A - Greenhouse for plant cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a greenhouse for plant cultivation, which is installed in a building that can be built at a low construction cost and by simple processes.SOLUTION: A greenhouse for plant cultivation according to the present invention is installed in a building, in which the greenhouse comprises: an inner/outer bilayer wall surface/ceiling surface sheet provided between columnar members being a skeleton of a greenhouse; and a heat insulation material provided between the inner/outer bilayer wall surface/ceiling surface sheet. Furthermore, the greenhouse has fixing means for fixing the inner/outer bilayer wall surface/ceiling surface sheet on the surface of the columnar members being a skeleton of the greenhouse.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a house for plant cultivation, and more particularly to a house for plant cultivation installed indoors. In particular, the present invention relates to a plant cultivation house suitable for hydroponics.

Under recent social conditions such as population decline, aging and population concentration in urban areas, attempts are being made to recycle closed schools and box facilities, especially in rural areas. One of the measures for reuse is cultivation of plants such as plant factories.
For example, when cultivating plants indoors using a gymnasium or classroom of a closed school, hydroponic cultivation, which does not require soil, is a viable option. There is an advantage that it is hardly affected by climate change, and that, by arranging planters in multiple stages, it is possible to harvest efficiently even in a narrow indoor space (for example, Patent Document 1).

  On the other hand, an artificial light source that replaces sunlight is required, and air conditioning is required to control the temperature and other factors so that the environment is suitable for growing plants. As needed. In addition, there is also a problem that dew condensation easily occurs on ceilings and walls due to a large amount of transpiration from plants, which causes bacteria and pests to occur.

JP 2008-0929288

  As in a plant factory, indoor cultivation requires air conditioning to reduce elevated temperatures by using artificial light sources, so air conditioning is provided to manage environmental conditions such as temperature. . Alternatively, air conditioning is required to suppress an increase in humidity due to transpiration from plants. Further, in order to prevent dew condensation on the ceiling and the wall surface, a heat insulating material is provided on the ceiling surface and the wall surface.

  However, for example, when reusing a gymnasium in a closed school, it is uneconomical and impractical to manage the entire gymnasium having a large volume by air conditioning. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a house for plant cultivation indoors, such as a gymnasium, and to manage the environmental conditions by air conditioning in it. Inconsistent with the viewpoint of reducing initial costs by using.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can be constructed at a low cost by a simple construction method, or a plant that can suppress the cost of air conditioning by using a special structure such as a gymnasium. A cultivation house is provided. Particularly, the present invention provides a plant cultivation house suitable for hydroponics.

The plant cultivation house according to the present invention,
To be installed indoors,
An inner and outer two-layer wall / ceiling sheet provided between columnar members serving as a skeleton of the house;
A heat insulating material provided between the inner and outer two-layer wall and ceiling sheets,
It is provided with.

The plant cultivation house according to the present invention,
A fixing means for fixing the inner and outer two-layer wall and ceiling sheets to a surface of a columnar member serving as a skeleton of the house is provided.

The plant cultivation house according to the present invention,
The fixing means is an unevenness provided on a surface of a columnar member serving as a skeleton of the house.

The plant cultivation house according to the present invention,
It is installed indoors with a space under the floor,
An artificial light source for plants to perform photosynthesis,
Forced air intake means for taking in the air under the floor into the plant cultivation house,
And an exhaust port for exhausting air from the house for plant cultivation to the outside.

The plant cultivation house according to the present invention,
The forced suction means introduces air in the space under the floor to the vicinity of the floor surface of the house for plant cultivation,
The exhaust port is provided near a ceiling of the plant cultivation house.

The present invention basically includes an inner and outer two-layer wall / ceiling sheet provided between pillar-shaped members serving as a skeleton, and a heat insulating material provided between the inner and outer two-layer wall / ceiling sheet. Due to the simple structure, it is possible to minimize construction costs. In addition, this basic configuration can be separately provided for each of the columnar members serving as the skeleton. For example, a small area of about 2 m square is the basic configuration. Therefore, the construction or disassembly can be easily performed by one adult without using a special machine. Then, for example, when the wall surface / ceiling surface sheet is damaged, only the basic configuration of about 2 mm square needs to be repaired, and the maintainability is high.
In particular, by providing a plurality of recesses as fixing means on one surface of the column, the wall / ceiling surface sheets can be independently detached and attached one by one, or the distance between the inner and outer two-layer wall / ceiling surface sheets can be changed. A flexible wall configuration can be achieved, for example, by changing the thickness of the heat insulating material.

  The wall and ceiling sheets may be made of a resin sheet such as vinyl, so that when they become dirty, they can be easily wiped off. Alternatively, surface processing such as antibacterial and antifungal is easy and sanitary.

  Despite the simple structure, since the heat insulating material is provided in the two-layer sheet, it is possible to prevent condensation on the ceiling surface and the wall surface. Particularly, since the house is installed indoors, the ambient temperature of the house is higher than that of the house outdoors, and the heat insulation structure is sufficient to prevent dew condensation even in winter. In addition, since it is not exposed to wind and rain, even a simple structure is sufficient in strength.

  And since the sheet fixing means such as unevenness is provided on the surface of the columnar member serving as the skeleton of the house, it is possible to extremely easily fix or remove the wall surface / ceiling surface sheet.

When a house is installed inside a gymnasium or the like having a space under the floor, the air in the space under the floor is forcibly taken into the house and the temperature of the house is reduced, so that the cost of air conditioning can be reduced. Also, by creating air circulation in the house, it is possible to bring about a favorable effect on the growth of plants. For example, it is known that a moderate air flow has a positive effect on plant growth.
Since the circulation of air is a circulation between a large space such as a gymnasium and the inside of the house, airborne bacteria and the like generated in the house can be driven out of the house and the amount of bacteria in the house can be reduced. The inside of the house is hotter and humid than the outside and has abundant organic matter, so that bacteria are easily generated. By reducing the number of bacteria in the house, a favorable effect is exerted on the growth of the plant, and a hygienic environment is obtained.

  Furthermore, the forced air intake means introduces air in the space under the floor near the floor of the plant cultivation house, and the exhaust port is provided near the ceiling of the plant cultivation house, thereby creating an upward flow in the house. Can be. In hydroponic cultivation, it is common to stack planters in three or four steps in the height direction to increase the area efficiency. At this time, a problem is that the carbon dioxide concentration is not uniform. Since carbon dioxide is heavier than air, the carbon dioxide accumulates near the floor, and the carbon dioxide concentration required for good photosynthesis cannot be secured near the high-stage planter. However, by creating an ascending flow in the house, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the height direction can be made uniform, thereby suppressing the nonuniform growth of plants.

FIG. 2A is a side view and FIG. 2B is a top / bottom view of a column used for a plant cultivation house according to Embodiment 1. It is a schematic diagram which connected four pillars used for the house for plant cultivation concerning Embodiment 1. It is a schematic diagram at the time of attaching a sheet wall to the connected support | pillar used for the house for plant cultivation which concerns on Embodiment 1. It is a schematic diagram at the time of attaching a sheet wall to the connected support | pillar used for the house for plant cultivation which concerns on Embodiment 1. It is a figure for explaining the method of building the wall surface structure used for the plant cultivation house according to the first embodiment. . It is a figure for explaining the method of building the wall surface structure used for the plant cultivation house according to the first embodiment. It is a figure for explaining the method of building the wall surface structure used for the plant cultivation house according to the first embodiment. It is a schematic diagram when the wall surface of the house for plant cultivation which concerns on Embodiment 1 is completed. It is a figure for explaining the method of building the wall surface structure used for the plant cultivation house according to the first embodiment. It is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of the house for plant cultivation according to the second embodiment.

  The structure and usage of the house for cultivating plants according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The following description discloses a good example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiment. The present invention considers the reuse of closed schools and box facilities, and for example, relates to a plant cultivation house suitable for indoors such as a gymnasium. In particular, the present invention relates to a plant cultivation house suitable for hydroponics.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a (a) side view and (b) a top / bottom view of a column 1 which is a columnar member used for a plant cultivation house according to a first embodiment. A plurality of the columns 1 are combined to form a framework of a house for plant cultivation. For example, in the case of a substantially cubic house, the skeleton is arranged on the column 1 on each side of the cube. That is, it can be formed by 12 columns 1.

The column 1 is a column having a length of about 2 m and a cross section of about 6 cm square. The four side surfaces have the shape shown in FIG. 1A, and the top and bottom surfaces have the shape shown in FIG. 1B. On each side surface, a concave portion 2 as two grooves is formed in the longitudinal direction. The concave portion 2 is a fixing means for detachably fixing a wall surface / ceiling surface sheet 6 described later to a skeleton constituted by the columns 1.
Further, through holes 3 are provided near the upper end and the lower end of each side surface. The vertical positions of the through holes 3 are slightly raised and lowered so as not to overlap on adjacent side surfaces. Female screws 4 are cut on the top and bottom surfaces, and bolts are passed through the through holes 3 of the other columns 1 and screwed into the female screws 4 provided on the top and bottom surfaces to fix the two columns 1 at right angles to each other. Can be. The means for fixing the two columns is not limited to this method, and may be fixed by fitting, a combination of fitting and screwing, or various joining means.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which four pillars 1 are connected in a rectangular shape using four bolts 5.
FIG. 3 is a diagram when the wall surface / ceiling surface sheet 6 is placed on the frame of the connected column 1. Reference numeral 7 denotes a sheet fixing device for fixing the wall / ceiling surface sheet 6 to the column 1, and is preferably made of an elastic material such as rubber or estramer. As shown in FIG. 4, the seat fixture 7 can be fitted into the recess 2 exactly, and the wall / ceiling sheet 6 is sandwiched between the seat fixture 7 and the recess 2, thereby connecting the pillars. The wall / ceiling sheet 6 is fixed to the frame 1.

  FIGS. 5 to 7 show a procedure for providing the heat insulating material 8 between the inner and outer two-layer wall / ceiling sheet 6. For example, a wall / ceiling sheet 6 is fixed between two columns 1 (FIG. 5). The fixing method is as described above. Next, the heat insulating material 8 is arranged (FIG. 6). Then, as shown in FIG. 7, another wall surface / ceiling surface sheet 6 is provided, and the heat insulating material 8 is sandwiched therebetween. In this manner, a wall or ceiling having the heat insulating material 8 interposed between the wall surface and the ceiling surface can be provided.

FIG. 8 shows a structure in which walls are formed on the four columns 1 by the above-described steps.
As described above, the inner and outer two-layer wall / ceiling sheet 6 provided between the pillars 1 which are columnar members serving as the skeleton of the house, and the heat insulating material provided between the inner and outer two-layer wall / ceiling sheet 6 8 can be provided, and a house for plant cultivation can be constructed with a simple structure and a simple process.

  FIG. 9 shows a case where three columns 1 are arranged in a row and two wall / ceiling sheets 6 are installed between the columns 1. In this way, if two recesses 2 as fixing means are provided on one surface of the column 1, the wall / ceiling surface sheets 6 can be independently installed or removed one by one. Maintenance such as replacement of the seat 6 is facilitated.

<Summary of Embodiment 1>
As described above, it is basically constituted by the inner and outer two-layer wall and ceiling sheets provided between the pillar-shaped members serving as the skeleton, and the heat insulating material provided between the inner and outer two-layer wall and ceiling sheets. Because of the simple structure, construction costs can be minimized. In addition, this basic configuration can be separately provided for each of the columnar members serving as the skeleton. For example, a small area of about 2 m square is the basic configuration. Therefore, the construction or disassembly can be easily performed by one adult without using a special machine. Then, for example, when the wall surface / ceiling surface sheet is damaged, only the basic configuration of about 2 mm square needs to be repaired, and the maintainability is high.
In particular, by providing a plurality of recesses as fixing means on one surface of the column, the wall / ceiling surface sheets can be independently detached and attached one by one, or the distance between the inner and outer two-layer wall / ceiling surface sheets can be changed. A flexible wall configuration can be achieved, for example, by changing the thickness of the heat insulating material.

  The wall and ceiling sheets may be made of a resin sheet such as vinyl, so that when they become dirty, they can be easily wiped off. Alternatively, surface processing such as antibacterial and antifungal is easy and sanitary.

  Despite the simple structure, since the heat insulating material is provided in the two-layer sheet, it is possible to prevent condensation on the ceiling surface and the wall surface. Particularly, since the house is installed indoors, the ambient temperature of the house is higher than that of the house outdoors, and the heat insulation structure is sufficient to prevent dew condensation even in winter. In addition, since it is not exposed to wind and rain, even a simple structure is sufficient in strength.

  And since the sheet fixing means such as unevenness is provided on the surface of the columnar member serving as the skeleton of the house, it is possible to extremely easily fix or remove the wall surface / ceiling surface sheet.

  The amount of transpiration of plants is very large, and the ceiling and walls of a plant cultivation house are condensed, which causes bacteria and pests to occur. It is also a problem from the viewpoint of hygiene and inhibiting good growth of the spot. Therefore, it is important to make the house a heat-insulating structure in order to suppress dew condensation, but from the viewpoint of building costs, a low-cost structure and a simple construction method have been desired. The house according to the first embodiment overcomes such a problem, and is suitable as a house for indoor use, particularly as a house for plant cultivation.

  In addition, even with the above structure, the column 1 that is not insulated easily forms dew condensation. However, the strut 1 is small compared to the whole volume, and does not cause a great problem. Alternatively, in order to suppress dew condensation on the column 1, the column 1 may be covered with a foamed plastic to have a heat insulating structure. The surface of the column 1 may be subjected to a water-repellent treatment to prevent dew condensation.

Embodiment 2
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of a plant cultivation house according to the second embodiment.
The building 10 is, for example, a gymnasium of a closed school, and has a space 10b under a floor 10a. The house 11 for plant cultivation is installed on the floor 10a. For example, a house as described in the first embodiment.

  Normally, the temperature of the underfloor space 10b is lower than the temperature on the floor surface 10a. The cool air in the underfloor space 10b is forcibly sucked into the plant cultivation house 11 by the pump P. Although the place where this cold air is introduced may be anywhere, as shown in FIG. Is a good example. In this manner, an upward airflow as shown by an arrow can be generated in the plant cultivation house 11. This updraft becomes an appropriate wind for the plant, and can promote good growth. It is also possible to make the concentration of carbon dioxide in the height direction uniform.

  It is one idea to provide the cold air inlet near the ceiling of the plant cultivation house 11. This is because the ceiling is most likely to cause dew condensation and hardly causes dew condensation. However, if the plant cultivation house 11 is a house provided with a heat insulating material as described in the first embodiment, condensation hardly occurs in the first place, and in that case, the above-described configuration for generating an updraft is preferable.

<Summary of Embodiment 2>
When a house is installed inside a gymnasium or the like having a space under the floor, the air in the space under the floor is forcibly taken into the house and the temperature of the house is reduced, so that the cost of air conditioning can be reduced.
Also, by creating air circulation in the house, it is possible to bring about a favorable effect on the growth of plants. For example, it is known that a moderate air flow has a positive effect on plant growth.
Since the circulation of air is a circulation between a large space such as a gymnasium and the inside of the house, airborne bacteria and the like generated in the house can be driven out of the house and the amount of bacteria in the house can be reduced. The inside of the house is hotter and humid than the outside and has abundant organic matter, so that bacteria are easily generated. By reducing the number of bacteria in the house, a favorable effect is exerted on the growth of the plant, and a hygienic environment is obtained.

  Furthermore, the forced air intake means introduces air in the space under the floor near the floor of the plant cultivation house, and the exhaust port is provided near the ceiling of the plant cultivation house, thereby creating an upward flow in the house. Can be. In hydroponic cultivation, it is common to stack planters in three or four steps in the height direction to increase the area efficiency. At this time, a problem is that the carbon dioxide concentration is not uniform. Since carbon dioxide is heavier than air, it accumulates near the floor, and the carbon dioxide concentration required for good photosynthesis cannot be secured near the high-stage planter. However, by creating an ascending flow in the house, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the height direction can be made uniform, thereby suppressing the nonuniform growth of plants.

1 pillar (columnar member)
2 recess (fixing means)
Reference Signs List 3 through hole 4 female screw 5 bolt 6 wall / ceiling surface sheet 7 sheet fixing device 8 heat insulating material 10 building 10a floor surface 10b underfloor space 11 plant cultivation house 11a intake port 11b exhaust port 12 forced intake means

Claims (5)

A house for plant cultivation installed indoors,
An inner and outer two-layer wall / ceiling sheet provided between columnar members serving as a skeleton of the house;
A heat insulating material provided between the inner and outer two-layer wall and ceiling sheets,
A plant cultivation house equipped with 2. The plant cultivation house according to claim 1, further comprising fixing means for fixing the inner and outer two-layer wall and ceiling sheets on the surface of the columnar member serving as the skeleton of the house. 3. 3. The plant cultivation house according to claim 1, wherein the fixing means is an unevenness provided on a surface of a columnar member serving as a skeleton of the house. 4. A plant cultivation house installed indoors with a space under the floor,
An artificial light source for plants to perform photosynthesis,
Forced air intake means for taking in the air under the floor into the plant cultivation house,
And an exhaust port for exhausting air from the plant cultivation house to the outside. The forced suction means introduces air in the space under the floor into the vicinity of the floor of the plant cultivation house,
5. The plant cultivation house according to claim 4, wherein the exhaust port is provided near a ceiling of the plant cultivation house. 6.