JP3787655B2 - Plant cultivation facility - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
The present invention relates to a plant cultivation facility for cultivating plants, and more specifically, to facilitate the growth and harvest of plants and to improve the efficiency of air conditioning.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, plant cultivation facilities such as plant factories have been equipped with artificial lighting equipment at the top and a cultivation stand at the bottom, and the whole room is maintained under conditions suitable for plant growth to grow plants. For example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is known to cultivate plants in multiple stages by stacking cultivation platforms in the vertical direction. Although this multi-stage cultivation is extremely effective for utilizing the limited space in the room, the lighting required for growing the plant must be increased according to the number of stages.
[0003]
In the room, the amount of heat energy generated from the lighting also increases, and the room is a sealed space that is blocked from the outside, and the temperature stays in the room. This increase in temperature had an adverse effect on the growth of plants, especially leaves. Therefore, air conditioning has become indispensable.
[0004]
The installation of air-conditioning equipment and the cost of electricity as a power source for air-conditioning have increased, which has been one of the reasons why low-cost plants cannot be provided. The efficient use of indispensable air conditioning depended on the existence of the plant factory.
[0005]
Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 3, an example of performing local air conditioning is disclosed. In this example, the sending duct 2 is drawn to the hydroponics bed 1. And it sprayed to the plant from the minute hole, was sucked into the air flow guide 3 arranged on the opposite side, and the cold air was collected.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-3-232434
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-30660
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-5-292845
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this patent document 3, the feed side duct must be retracted to the vicinity of the hydroponics bed, and in the multi-stage cultivation system, all the feed side ducts for the number of stages are required, and the structure by the feed side duct Became more complex and costly.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention is a multi-stage plant cultivation facility that cultivates plants in an intensive manner, and is capable of reducing the air conditioning cost by simplifying the growth and harvesting of the plant and improving the air conditioning efficiency. It is to provide a plant cultivation facility that can be supplied.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Invention]
In the plant cultivation facility according to the present invention, a pair of wall materials having a gap in a room are installed in one or more lateral directions, and a plurality of pillar materials provided in the vertical direction along the wall materials are arranged in the lateral direction. Air-conditioning in which protruding brackets are mounted in multiple stages in the vertical direction, one or more beds are mounted horizontally on the brackets, a fixed planting panel is arranged on the bed, and conditioned air flows between the pair of wall materials As a passage, a large number of air-conditioning air blowing holes are formed in the wall material, and a duct for air-conditioning air blowing is communicated with the air-conditioning passage between the pair of wall materials, and is sucked into the ceiling between the pair of adjacent wall materials. A port is provided, and a duct for returning air is communicated to the suction port .
[0010]
This makes it easy to consolidate production by providing a large number of growth shelves, each consisting of a bed with hydroponically cultivated plant factories and a planting panel placed on top of it. It will be. And a clearance gap can be comprised by installation of a pair of wall material.
[0011]
And it is utilized as an air-conditioning passage through which air-conditioned air flows between the pair of wall materials having the gap, and the air-conditioned air can be spot blasted to each plant through the air-conditioning air passage formed in the wall material. . As a result, it can be sent to each plant at an optimum wind speed for growth, temperature unevenness is eliminated, only the temperature in the space around the plant is controlled, and the air conditioning efficiency is improved as compared with adjusting the temperature of the entire room. In addition, the electric cost for air conditioning can be reduced, and an air conditioning duct that uses the gap between the pair of wall materials as an air conditioning passage is unnecessary.
[0012]
An air-conditioning air blowing duct communicates with the air-conditioning passage between the pair of wall members, and a suction port is provided in the ceiling between the pair of adjacent wall members, and a return air duct connected to the suction port. Since the conditioned air is not diffused from the space surrounded by the adjacent wall material and is returned to the air conditioner, the conditioned air can be recovered without increasing the air conditioning load. .
[0013]
The above-described air-conditioning air outlet has a larger diameter on the side farther from the diameter closer to the air-conditioning air outlet duct (Claim 2 ). Thereby, the unevenness | deflection of the ventilation volume by each step | level of conditioned air can be eliminated.
[0014]
Since the planting holes are formed in a staggered pattern in the fixed planting panel (Claim 3 ), the conditioned air from the conditioned air blowing holes is supplied without being shaded by the growing plant on the structural wall material side. And variations in plant growth are suppressed. In addition, there is an advantage that the illumination light hits efficiently. Moreover, the illuminating device is installed under the said bracket (Claim 4 ).
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 4, a front view, an enlarged view and a perspective view of a plant factory which is a plant cultivation facility are shown, and a room 2 for growing plants is formed inside the building 1. In this room 2, beds 8a and 8b for plant growth described below are provided. The beds 8a and 8b are provided in a stepwise manner in the vertical direction, and are spread in the depth direction of the room 2 and are arranged in a large number in the horizontal direction. The structural means for supporting the beds 8a and 8b has a gap at the center. And a pair of wall members 3a and 3b, a large number of column members 4a and 4b arranged in the vertical direction on the outside thereof, a connecting member 5 connecting between them, and a bracket 7. In this example, the pair of wall members 3a and 3b provided as a pair are structural walls, which are also structural means for supporting the beds 8a and 8b.
[0016]
The wall materials 3a and 3b are not only used as a structural wall by adopting a wall-type construction method, but may be used as a wall by adopting a shaft construction method. Colorless, colored, silver, mirrored resin plate, wood board, metal plate, glass plate, etc. are used, transparent or opaque outside, colorless, colored, silver, mirrored film, resin plate, A wooden board, a metal plate, a glass plate, etc. can also be attached. The gap formed by the wall materials 3a and 3b is used as an air passage 22 described below.
[0017]
Further, when the wall materials 3a and 3b are used as walls at the time of the shaft assembly method, the wall materials 3a and 3b are arranged on the inside or outside of the column materials 4a and 4b and the connecting material 5 which are structures, Transparent or opaque, colorless, colored, silver, mirrored film, resin plate, wood plate, metal plate, glass plate, etc. are attached.
[0018]
Further, when the beds 8a and 8b are installed only on one side of the pair of wall materials 3a and 3b, the wall material adopts the above-described method, but only the wall material on the bed side is used and the wall material is transparent. Alternatively, opaque, colorless, colored, silver, mirrored film, resin plate, essential plate, metal plate, glass plate, etc. are installed and attached. When no wall material is used on the opposite side of the bed, the growth shelf is brought into close contact with the wall in the plant factory room.
[0019]
The column members 4a and 4b are steel members having a cross-sectional opening, O, L shape, etc., extending in the vertical direction and fixed by ceiling fixing brackets 11a and 11b and floor anchor bolts 12a and 12b. The wall members 3a and 3b are screwed. It is fixed and supported by fixing means such as a stopper. The column members 4a and 4b are reinforced by a connecting member 5 provided in the horizontal direction, and a bracket 7 projects in the horizontal direction at an appropriate position in the vertical direction. Although six brackets 7 are provided in the illustrated example, the number is 8 to 10 in an actual usage example.
[0020]
The beds 8a and 8b are shown in detail in FIG. 4 and have a cross-sectional groove shape. In the embodiment, the two beds 8a and 8b are juxtaposed along the structural wall materials 3a and 3b, and in the longitudinal direction of the room 2. It is an elongated long one, one of which is high and the other is low and has an inclination, and is fixed to the bracket 7 via bracket connecting material lip groove steels 10a and 10b. Therefore, it serves to improve the flow of nutrient solution supplied to the inside of the beds 8a and 8b. The bracket connecting material lip groove steels 10a and 10b also serve as a fixture for fixing the lighting fixture. In addition, in an Example, it is provided in six up-down directions, and is called the 1 step | paragraph, 2 steps | paragraphs ... 6 steps | paragraphs from upper direction. Moreover, bed 8a, 8b is opened by the upper surface, and the mounting bases 9a and 9b in which the fixed planting panel 13 for cultivation mentioned below is each formed are formed in one mounting base 9a. 9c is formed.
[0021]
The planting panel 13 is placed on the platforms 9a and 9b of the one bed 8a. In the embodiment, the planting panel 13 is an elongated rectangular resin plate, and the plant cultivation holes 14 are formed in a zigzag pattern on the plate. Yes. A plant is planted in the cultivation hole 14 of the fixed planting panel 13. The roots of the plant extend downward and enter the nutrient solution in the beds 8a and 8b.
[0022]
The air conditioner 16 has a refrigeration cycle including an evaporator 26, a condenser 27, a compressor 28, and the like. An air-conditioned air blowing duct 18 and a return air duct 19 are piped above the ceiling 17 of the room 2, and one air-conditioned air is provided. The air duct 22 between the structural wall materials 3 a and 3 b is connected to the tip of the blowout duct 18, and the temperature-controlled hot or cold conditioned air is blown into the air passage 22.
[0023]
In the wall members 3a and 3b, a plurality of small air-conditioning air blowing holes 24 are formed in two steps between the upper and lower beds. The position of the lower air-conditioned air blowing hole 24 is a place suitable for spot blasting on the plant to be cultivated on the fixed planting panel 13 and a position along the beds 8a and 8b. The upper temperature control air blowing hole 24 is a place suitable for spot lighting hitting the lighting equipment, and also serves to prevent the temperature rise of the lighting equipment. The diameter of the air-conditioning air blowing hole 24 is as small as about 8 mm in diameter at the upper stage (side closer to the duct), about 10 mm in diameter at the middle stage, and about 12 mm in diameter at the lower stage (far). Thus, by changing the diameter, the amount of blown air can be made uniform regardless of the stage.
[0024]
The return air duct 19 is open to a space defined by the structural wall members 3a and 3b adjacent to the ceiling 17 where the air inlet 20 is adjacent. Therefore, the conditioned air is sucked before it diffuses and returned to the air conditioner, and can be recovered before the air conditioning load is increased.
[0025]
In the above-described configuration, in the embodiment, the beds 8a and 8b are provided in six stages on both sides of the structural wall materials 3a and 3b, which are connected to the back of the room 2, and a large number of them are arranged in the lateral direction. After the planting panel 13 in which the young plant is planted is placed on the beds 8a and 8b, the plant is grown and grown, the planting panel 13 is removed from the bed 8a and 8b for each planting panel 13 Harvest. This harvesting operation is easy.
[0026]
Note that the conditioned air may be supplied by using raw CO ₂ gas from a gas cylinder or burning kerosene or the like to increase the concentration of CO ₂ as necessary. Moreover, in an air conditioner, you may make it inhale from one place in a room, without using the duct for return air. Furthermore, although the example employ | adopted as the plant factory was shown in this Example, of course, it can also be used for facilities, such as a glass house and a vinyl house. In these houses, in order to adopt a self-supporting form as a method for fixing the cultivation rack, the column heads of the set column members 4a and 4b are connected by a beam, and a ramen structure of a column base pin or a brace structure is adopted.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As mentioned above, according to this invention, since it has a plurality of beds in the vertical direction, cultivation of plants can be integrated. The planting panel can be attached to and removed from the bed, making it easy to grow and harvest. And the air-conditioning air to a plant is spot-blasted from an air-conditioning air blowing hole, and the temperature management which makes only the periphery of a plant an appropriate temperature is performed. Moreover, since the space between the pair of wall materials is an air conditioning passage, the air conditioning duct leading to the plant can be omitted (claim 1).
[0028]
The conditioned air blown toward the plant flows out into a space surrounded by adjacent wall materials, but the conditioned air is blown from the suction port and returned to the air conditioner. Therefore, there is an advantage that the heat load is recovered before being diffused into the room and does not increase. The diameter of the air-conditioning air blowing hole is smaller in the diameter closer to the air-conditioning air blowing duct than in the distance farther, so that the amount of air-conditioned air to the plant can be made uniform (claim 2) . Furthermore, since the holes for cultivating the fixed planting panel are formed in a staggered pattern, air-conditioned air can be supplied without being shaded by the growing plant, and illumination light can be efficiently applied (claim 3 ).
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the main part of the above.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of the above.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged exploded perspective view of the main part of the above.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 2 Room 3a, 3b Wall material 4a, 4b Column material 7 Bracket 8a, 8b Bed 9a, 9b Mount 13 Planting panel 14 Cultivation hole 16 Air conditioner 17 Ceiling 18 Air-conditioning air blowing duct 19 Return air duct 22 Air-conditioning Passage 24 Air-conditioning air outlet 26 Evaporator

Claims (4)

A pair of wall materials with a gap in the room is installed in one or more lateral directions, and a plurality of pillars provided in the vertical direction along the wall materials are provided with a plurality of brackets protruding in the vertical direction in the vertical direction. Mounting, mounting one or a plurality of beds on the bracket in a lateral direction, arranging a fixed planting panel on the bed, and forming an air conditioning passage through which conditioned air flows between the pair of wall materials. An air-conditioned air blowing hole is formed, and an air-conditioning air blowing duct is communicated with the air-conditioning passage between the pair of wall members. A plant cultivation facility characterized by communicating air ducts .   2. The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the air-conditioning air outlet has a diameter farther from a diameter closer to a duct for air-conditioning air blowing.   2. The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein holes for plant cultivation are provided in a staggered manner on the fixed planting panel.   The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein a lighting device is installed below the bracket.

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