JP2019536892A - 改良された半田及び高純度の鉛を製造する方法 - Google Patents
改良された半田及び高純度の鉛を製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019536892A JP2019536892A JP2019515894A JP2019515894A JP2019536892A JP 2019536892 A JP2019536892 A JP 2019536892A JP 2019515894 A JP2019515894 A JP 2019515894A JP 2019515894 A JP2019515894 A JP 2019515894A JP 2019536892 A JP2019536892 A JP 2019536892A
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- metal
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- metal mixture
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- Granted
Links
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 80
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 295
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 295
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 142
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 abstract description 73
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 29
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 58
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 37
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 36
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 36
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 33
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 22
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 12
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001944 continuous distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000074 antimony hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsane Chemical compound [AsH3] RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OUULRIDHGPHMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N stibane Chemical compound [SbH3] OUULRIDHGPHMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017482 Cu 6 Sn 5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001361 White metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical class [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010969 white metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/268—Pb as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/06—Refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/06—Obtaining tin from scrap, especially tin scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
- C22B9/106—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents the refining being obtained by intimately mixing the molten metal with a molten salt or slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/06—Alloys based on lead with tin as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/08—Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent
- C22C11/10—Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent with tin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
Description
少なくとも10%の錫と、
少なくとも45%の鉛と、
錫と鉛を合わせて少なくとも90%含み、
錫よりも鉛が多く、
少なくとも1ppm、最大で5000ppmの銅と、
少なくとも0.42%のアンチモン(Sb)と、
少なくとも0.0001重量%の硫黄(S)と、
合計が最大で0.1%である、クロム(Cr)、マンガン(Mn)、バナジウム(V)、チタン(Ti)、およびタングステン(W)と、
最大で0.1%のアルミニウム(Al)と、
最大で0.1%のニッケル(Ni)と、
最大で0.1%の鉄(Fe)と、
最大で0.1%の亜鉛(Zn)とを含む金属混合物を提供する。
a)供給組成物は、かなりの部分が錫および鉛であり、クロム(Cr)、マンガン(Mn)、バナジウム(V)、チタン(Ti)、タングステン(W)、銅(Cu)、ニッケル(Ni)、鉄(Fe)、アルミニウム(Al)、および/または亜鉛(Zn)を少なくとも0.16重量%含み、供給組成物は、少なくとも500℃の温度で利用可能であり、
前処理工程は、
b)供給組成物を最高825℃の温度まで冷却し、重力によって第1の液体溶融金属相上に浮遊する第1の上澄みドロスを含む浴を生成する工程と、
c)アルカリ金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属、またはアルカリ金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属を含む化合前記第1の液体溶融金属相に添加して、重力によって第2の液体溶融金属相上に浮遊する第2の上澄みドロスを含む浴を形成する工程と、
d)第2の液体溶融金属相から第2のドロスを除去する工程とを含み、
それによって、前処理からの生成物として得られる液体溶融金属相は、本発明に係る金属混合物を形成し、
本方法は、金属混合物を蒸留工程に付す工程であって、鉛(Pb)が蒸発によって金属混合物から除去され、少なくとも0.6重量%の鉛を含む底部生成物が得られる工程をさらに含む。
Claims (34)
- 鉛(Pb)および錫(Sn)を含有する金属混合物であって、該金属混合物は、重量基準で、
少なくとも10%の錫と、
少なくとも45%の鉛と
を含み、錫と鉛を合わせて少なくとも90%含み、錫よりも鉛が多く、
前記金属混合物はさらに
少なくとも1ppm、最大で5000ppmの銅と、
少なくとも0.42%のアンチモン(Sb)と、
少なくとも0.0001重量%の硫黄(S)と、
合計が最大で0.1%である、クロム(Cr)、マンガン(Mn)、バナジウム(V)、チタン(Ti)、およびタングステン(W)と、
最大で0.1%のアルミニウム(Al)と、
最大で0.1%のニッケル(Ni)と、
最大で0.1%の鉄(Fe)と、
最大で0.1%の亜鉛(Zn)とを含む金属混合物。 - 少なくとも15重量%の錫を含む、請求項1に記載の金属混合物。
- 少なくとも50重量%の鉛を含む、請求項1または請求項2に記載の金属混合物。
- 錫と鉛を合わせて少なくとも91重量%含む、請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 少なくとも2重量ppmの銅を含む、請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 少なくとも2重量ppmの硫黄を含む、請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 最大で4500重量ppmの銅を含む、請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 最大で0.10重量%の亜鉛(Zn)を含む、請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 最大で0.10重量%のニッケル(Ni)を含む、請求項1から請求項8までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 最大で10重量%のアンチモン(Sb)を含む、請求項1から請求項9までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 最大で0.10重量%の鉄(Fe)を含む、請求項1から請求項10までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 最大で0.10重量%のアルミニウム(Al)を含む、請求項1から請求項11までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 最大で0.10重量%の硫黄(S)を含む、請求項1から請求項12までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 少なくとも10重量ppmの銀(Ag)を含む、請求項1から請求項13までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 少なくとも10重量ppmのビスマス(Bi)を含む、請求項1から請求項14までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 少なくとも10重量ppmの砒素(As)を含む、請求項1から請求項15までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 少なくとも10重量ppmのインジウム(In)を含む、請求項1から請求項16までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物。
- 請求項1から請求項17までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物を蒸留により分離する方法であって、液体溶融金属供給組成物を前処理する工程を含み、 a)前記供給組成物(2)は、かなりの部分が錫および鉛であり、クロム(Cr)、マンガン(Mn)、バナジウム(V)、チタン(Ti)、タングステン(W)、銅(Cu)、ニッケル(Ni)、鉄(Fe)、アルミニウム(Al)および/または亜鉛(Zn)を少なくとも0.16重量%、任意で最大で10重量%含み、前記供給組成物(2)は、少なくとも500℃の温度で使用可能であり、
前記前処理工程は、
b)前記供給組成物(2)を最高825℃の温度まで冷却し(200)、重力によって第1の液体溶融金属相(3)上に浮遊する第1の上澄みドロス(9)を含む浴を生成する工程と、
c)アルカリ金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属、またはアルカリ金属および/またはアルカリ土類金属を含む化合物(13)を前記第1の液体溶融金属相(3)に添加して(300)、重力によって第2の液体溶融金属相(4)上に浮遊する第2の上澄みドロス(10)を含む浴を形成する工程と、
d)前記第2の液体溶融金属相(4)から前記第2のドロス(10)を除去する工程とを含み、
それによって、前記前処理からの生成物として得られる前記液体溶融金属相(6)は、請求項1から請求項17までのいずれか1項に記載の金属混合物を形成し、
前記方法は、前記金属混合物(6)を蒸留工程(600)に付す工程であって、鉛(Pb)が蒸発によって前記金属混合物から除去され、少なくとも0.6重量%の鉛を含む底部生成物(8)が得られる工程をさらに含む方法。 - 工程c)の前に前記浴から前記第1の上澄みドロス(9)を除去する工程を含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記供給組成物(2)を得るための前記方法は金属製錬工程を含み、前記除去されたドロス(9、10、11、12)の少なくとも1つを前記金属製錬工程でリサイクルする、請求項18または請求項19に記載の方法。
- 工程c)において、前記アルカリ金属および/または前記アルカリ土類金属(13)は、化学的に結合した形で、好ましくは固体として添加される、請求項18から請求項20までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記アルカリ金属および/または前記アルカリ土類金属(13)は、酸化物または水酸化物として、好ましくは水酸化物として添加される、請求項18から請求項21までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 工程c)において、水酸化ナトリウムを添加する、請求項18から請求項22までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記供給組成物(2)は、少なくとも0.0010重量%の亜鉛(Zn)を含み、前記アルカリ金属および/または前記アルカリ土類金属の添加時および/または添加後、酸素供給源と共に前記浴の上方に着火源が設けられる、請求項18から請求項23までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の液体溶融金属相(4)は、少なくとも100重量ppmの銅を含み、硫黄(14)が工程c)で形成された前記浴に添加される、請求項18から請求項24までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記供給組成物(2)は銅を含み、前記方法は、少なくとも存在する銅(Cu)の量と反応するのに必要な化学量論的量で工程d)の前記生成物(4)に硫黄(14)を添加する工程を含む、請求項18から請求項25までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記浴の上方の前記着火源(13)は、前記浴の上方の雰囲気に元素硫黄を添加することによって提供される、請求項24、または請求項24を引用する請求項25若しくは請求項26に記載の方法。
- 硫黄添加(400)の後、第3のドロス(11)が形成され、前記方法は、前記浴からの前記第3のドロス(11)の除去をさらに含む、請求項25から請求項27までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第3のドロス(11)の除去後、ある量の水酸化ナトリウム(15)を前記浴に添加する(500)、請求項28に記載の方法。
- NaOH(15)の添加後、着火源が前記浴の上方に設けられる、請求項29に記載の方法。
- ケイ素源が前記浴に添加される、請求項18から請求項30までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記蒸留工程(600)は、連続操作方式で行われる、請求項18から請求項31までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記蒸留工程(600)は、最大で15Pa絶対圧の圧力で行われる、請求項18から請求項32までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記蒸留工程(600)は、少なくとも800℃の温度で行われる、請求項18から請求項33までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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US20200023473A1 (en) | 2020-01-23 |
WO2018060202A1 (en) | 2018-04-05 |
CN109923225A (zh) | 2019-06-21 |
US20220203482A1 (en) | 2022-06-30 |
US11839938B2 (en) | 2023-12-12 |
BR112019005833A2 (pt) | 2019-06-18 |
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