JP2019514381A - リプログラミング効果を用いて白血病を治療する方法 - Google Patents
リプログラミング効果を用いて白血病を治療する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019514381A JP2019514381A JP2018556454A JP2018556454A JP2019514381A JP 2019514381 A JP2019514381 A JP 2019514381A JP 2018556454 A JP2018556454 A JP 2018556454A JP 2018556454 A JP2018556454 A JP 2018556454A JP 2019514381 A JP2019514381 A JP 2019514381A
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Abstract
Description
レトロウイルスの製造には、lipofectamine2000の方法を用いた。293T細胞を10cm培養皿に培養して、細胞が90%細胞コンフルエンスになったとき、プラスミドとlipofectamine2000混合液を加えた。プラスミドは、パッケージングプラスミド(pKatとpVSVG)とレトロウイルスのターゲットプラスミド(MSCV−MLL/AF9−IRES−GFP)を含む。それぞれ48時間及び72時間目にウイルスの上澄み液を収集した。Amicon Ultra−15centrifugal filter devices(100K NMWL)を用いて濃縮させた。
OSKMマウス(「all−iPS」マウスともいう、マウスは高紹榮教授の実験室で作成されたものであり、文献の出処はKang,L.et al.Cell Stem Cell.2009;5:135−138である。)から骨髄細胞を得て、磁気ビーズ方法でLineage陰性(Lin−)の骨髄細胞を富化した。MLL−AF9白血病遺伝子を有するレトロウイルスをLin−細胞培養液に加えて、48時間感染させた後、感染させた細胞を収集して、致死照射量で照射したC57BL/6Jマウスの尾静脈に移植した。マウスが発症した後、マウスの脾臓と骨髄における白血病細胞を収集した。白血病細胞がOSKMマウスに由来するため、doxycycline(Dox)は白血病細胞におけるOSKMの発現を活性化できる。
白血病細胞を半致死用量で照射したC57BL/6Jマウスの尾静脈に移植し、白血病が発症した後期(骨髄における白血病細胞が70%以上に達する)に、マウスを2群に分けて、対照群では、マウスの飲料水にいずれの成分も添加しておらず、実験群では、マウスの飲料水にDox(濃度1mg/ml)を加えて、且つ7日間持続させた。結果を図1に示す。図1Aにおいて、フローサイトメトリーの結果が示すように、実験群では、マウスの脾臓と骨髄における白血病細胞の数量が徐々に減少している。図1B及び図1Cはそれぞれ骨髄及び脾臓における白血病細胞の比率を示し、対照群では、マウスの脾臓及び骨髄における白血病細胞の比率が徐々に上昇し、実験群では、マウスの脾臓及び骨髄における白血病細胞の比率が徐々に低下して、完全に消失したことが分かる。図1から分かるように、Doxを加えた後で、マウスの脾臓と骨髄における白血病細胞は急速に消失した。このことは、OSKMの白血病細胞での高発現が、白血病細胞のインビボでの除去に直接繋がることを示している。
同様の方法により、MLL−NRIP3による急性骨髄性白血病(AML)とNOTCH1による急性リンパ芽球性白血病(ALL)の2種類の白血病のモデルを作成した。生存曲線は図2に示されており、図2AはMLL−AF9で誘導されたAMLモデルであり、生存曲線の結果が示すように、対照群では、マウスはすべて白血病を発症して死亡したが、実験群では、マウスはすべて生存した。図2BはMLL−NRIP3で誘導されたAMLモデルであり、生存曲線の結果が示すように、対照群では、マウスはすべて白血病を発症して死亡したが、実験群では、少量のマウスだけが死亡した。図2CはNOTCH1で誘導されたALLモデルであり、生存曲線の結果が示すように、対照群では、マウスはすべて白血病を発症して死亡したが、実験群では、マウスはすべて生存した。図2から分かるように、MLL−AF9で誘導された白血病モデルに類似しており、実験群では、マウスの飲料水にDoxを加えた後(7日間持続)に、ほかの2種類の白血病細胞も除去されて、その結果マウス白血病は治療された。このことは、OSKMリプログラミング因子により、インビボで複数種の白血病を除去できることを示している。
飲料水にDoxを加えて1〜4日間後、フローサイトメトリーにより白血病幹細胞の比率を検出した。結果が図3に示されており(図3Aは脾臓における白血病幹細胞の比率及び数量であり、図3Bは骨髄における白血病幹細胞の比率及び数量である)、図3から分かるように、成熟白血病細胞に比べて、白血病幹細胞の方はより急速に除去された。
実験群では、飲料水にDoxを加えて1〜4日間後、フローサイトメトリーにより白血病細胞のアポトーシスの状況を分析した。結果が図4に示されており、図4AはDox処理後の、脾臓における白血病細胞の早期と末期アポトーシスの比率であり、図4BはDox処理後の、骨髄における白血病細胞の早期と末期アポトーシスの比率である。図4から分かるように、OSKMはインビボで白血病細胞のアポトーシスを効果的に誘導することができる。
OSKMマウスの骨髄細胞と白血病細胞を致死用量で照射したマウスの体内に共移植して、マウスが白血病を発症した後で、実験群では、マウスの飲料水にDoxを7日間添加した。結果が図5に示されており、図5Aは骨髄における正常な造血幹細胞及び前駆細胞の比率であり、図5Aから分かるように、実験群では、Doxで処理した後に、骨髄における正常な造血幹細胞と前駆細胞の比率はほぼ影響を受けなかった。図5Bは骨髄における正常な造血幹細胞及び前駆細胞のアポトーシスの比率であり、図5Bから分かるように、Doxで処理した後に、正常な造血幹細胞と前駆細胞のアポトーシスは影響を受けなかった。図5Cはマウスの生存曲線であり、実験群では、1匹を除き、残りの白血病マウスはすべて治癒された。図5から分かるように、正常な造血幹細胞/前駆細胞の数量とアポトーシスはほぼ影響を受けず、実験群では、マウス白血病は治癒できた。
リプログラミング小分子は、forskolin(FSK,F)、VPA(V)、CHIR99021(CHIR,C)、RepSox(616452,6)、tranylcypromine(TCP,T)及びTTNPB(N)を含む。異なる組み合わせを用いてインビトロで白血病細胞と正常な造血幹細胞/前駆細胞を処理した。
複数種の白血病細胞系を用いて、リプログラミング小分子でインビトロ処理を行い、アポトーシスレベル及び成長状態を測定した。
本実験では、急性骨髄性白血病(AML)患者細胞22例、正常なヒト臍帯血幹細胞(CD34+)5例を集め、インビトロ培養条件においてリプログラミング小分子薬物を用いて処理した。
Claims (10)
- 誘導因子Oct−4、Sox−2、Klf4及びc−Mycの、インビボ又はインビトロで白血病細胞アポトーシスを促進する用途。
- 前記誘導因子Oct−4、Sox−2、Klf4及びc−Mycは白血病細胞にリプログラミング過程の開始を促すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の用途。
- 前記白血病細胞は哺乳動物(ヒトを含む)の白血病細胞であり、
好ましくはヒト白血病細胞であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の用途。 - 前記誘導因子はcDNA、mRNA又はタンパク質の形態であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の用途。
- リプログラミング効果を用いて、インビボ又はインビトロで白血病細胞アポトーシスを誘導する方法であって、
前記方法は、リプログラミング因子Oct−4、Sox−2、Klf4及びc−Myc(OSKMと略称する)を白血病細胞に導入するステップを含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記の導入方法は、ウイルス感染、組換えタンパク質トランスフェクション又はベクターのエレクトロポレーションを用いることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- リプログラミング効果を用いて白血病を治療する方法であって、
前記方法は、リプログラミング因子Oct−4、Sox−2、Klf4及びc−Myc(OSKMと略称する)を白血病細胞に導入するステップを含み、
好ましくは、前記の導入方法は、ウイルス感染、組換えタンパク質トランスフェクション又はベクターのエレクトロポレーションを用いることを特徴とする方法。 - リプログラミング効果を用いて、インビボ又はインビトロで白血病細胞アポトーシスを誘導する方法であって、
前記方法は、リプログラミング小分子を用いてインビトロ培養するステップを含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記リプログラミング小分子は、forskolin(FSK,F)、VPA(V)、CHIR99021(CHIR,C)、RepSox(616452,6)、tranylcypromine(TCP,T)及びTTNPB(N)のうちの1種又は2種以上の組成物であり、
好ましくは、前記リプログラミング小分子は、forskolin(FSK,F)、VPA(V)、CHIR99021(CHIR,C)、RepSox(616452,6)、tranylcypromine(TCP,T)及びTTNPB(N)の6種類の組み合わせであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のリプログラミング効果を用いて、インビボ又はインビトロで白血病細胞アポトーシスを誘導する方法。 - リプログラミング効果を用いて白血病を治療する方法であって、
前記方法は、リプログラミング小分子を用いてインビトロ培養するステップを含み、
好ましくは、前記リプログラミング小分子は、forskolin(FSK,F)、VPA(V)、CHIR99021(CHIR,C)、RepSox(616452,6)、tranylcypromine(TCP,T)及びTTNPB(N)のうちの1種又は2種以上の組成物であり、
より好ましくは、前記リプログラミング小分子はforskolin(FSK,F)、VPA(V)、CHIR99021(CHIR,C)、RepSox(616452,6)、tranylcypromine(TCP,T)及びTTNPB(N)の6種類の組み合わせである方法。
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