JP2019123264A - Smoke flow control device and method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a device which properly controls a smoke flow generated by the fire in a case where a vehicle fire breaks out in a railway train in a tunnel section.SOLUTION: A smoke flow control device 100 comprises a smoke flow obstruction part 110 which forms a smoke flow obstructing face upward from a ceiling plane of at least a vehicle 10 in a side view in a vehicle width direction of the vehicle 10 constituting a railway train 1 and a control part 30 which makes the smoke flow obstruction part 110 form the smoke flow obstructing face in a case where a fire is detected, stopping of the railway train 1 is detected, and it is detected that the stopping location of the railway train 1 is within a tunnel section.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a smoke flow control device and a smoke flow control method for controlling a smoke flow generated by a car fire of a railway train in a tunnel section.

  When a fire occurs in the tunnel, smoke and heat flow (referred to as "smoke etc." in the following description) generated by the fire fill the tunnel, so it is necessary to quickly evacuate people in the tunnel. In particular, if the fire that occurred in the tunnel is a train car fire, the distance between the fire source and the passengers is short, and there may be many passengers in the vehicle, so safe evacuation time and route It is important to secure the

  As shown in FIG. 25, when a fire occurs in the tunnel 400, smoke or the like (solid arrows in the figure), which are polluted air generated by the fire source 401, rise toward the ceiling. The rising smoke and the like collide with the ceiling surface and diffuse toward the wellhead of the tunnel 400 along the ceiling surface. The smoke and the like diffused along the ceiling surface are cooled by the ceiling surface, fresh air (white-painted arrow in the figure) and the like in the lower part of the tunnel 400, and descend when the buoyancy disappears. When people evacuate, it is necessary to evacuate through the fresh air, but when smoke etc. fall to the height of the person's head (approximately 2 m in general) at this time, it inhibits the evacuation. I will. Therefore, preventing or suppressing the spread of the smoke and the like, and securing an appropriate evacuation time and route are important for evacuation of people.

  Therefore, for example, in Patent Document 1, a tunnel disaster prevention system including fire occurrence detection means laid along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and a water screen device for forming a water curtain and zoning the tunnel at predetermined intervals. Is disclosed. In such a tunnel disaster prevention system, the diffusion of smoke and the like is intended to be suppressed by zoning the fire occurrence zone detected by the fire occurrence detection means with a water screen device.

  For example, as a fire countermeasure at a construction site of a shield tunnel, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a smoke diffusion prevention device provided at a rear carriage of a construction vehicle and provided with a spray nozzle for forming a water curtain. In such a smoke diffusion prevention device, activation of the smoke detector causes the spray nozzle to operate to form a water curtain at the tunnel cross section, thereby preventing the diffusion of smoke to the opposite side of the water curtain. It is done.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-275607 JP 2003-343193 A

  However, in the tunnel disaster prevention system described in Patent Document 1 described above, facilities will be newly provided in all existing tunnels, and there is difficulty in realization, for example, from the viewpoint of cost (building cost and maintenance cost) .

  In this respect, the smoke diffusion preventing device described in Patent Document 2 is not provided in a tunnel, but is provided in a construction vehicle, and is not a device corresponding to a vehicle fire of a railway train targeted by the present invention. . For example, although patent document 2 mentions operation of a smoke sensing machine as an example as timing which operates a spray nozzle in a smoke diffusion prevention device, in this case, a case where a spray nozzle operates even while a vehicle is running may be is there. If the spray nozzle operates in this way while the railway train is running at the time of the vehicle fire of the railway train, not only the water curtain is not properly formed but also there is a risk that it may interfere with the safe running of the railway train. is there. Therefore, the smoke diffusion prevention device described in Patent Document 2 can not cope with a vehicle fire of a railway train.

  This invention is made in view of the said situation, and when the vehicle fire of a rail train generate | occur | produces in a tunnel area, it aims at controlling appropriately the smoke flow which generate | occur | produced by the said fire.

  The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a smoke flow control device provided in a railway train for controlling smoke flow generated at the time of a fire, wherein at least the vehicle is viewed in a vehicle width direction side view of a vehicle constituting the railway train. A smoke flow blocking portion forming a smoke flow blocking surface above the ceiling surface of the vehicle, a fire is detected, a stop of the railway train is detected, and it is detected that the stop position of the railway train is in a tunnel section In this case, the apparatus further comprises: a control unit that operates the smoke flow blocking unit to form the smoke flow blocking surface.

  According to the present invention, when a fire is detected, a stop of the railway train is detected, and it is detected that the stop position of the railway train is within the tunnel section, a smoke flow blocking surface at least above the ceiling surface of the vehicle Activate the smoke flow blocker to form That is, the smoke flow inhibition unit can be operated using a condition specific to a vehicle fire of a railway train as a trigger. As a result, since the diffusion of the smoke flow is suppressed by the smoke flow inhibiting surface, it is possible to secure a time and a route for a person to evacuate safely. Moreover, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost of construction cost and maintenance cost as compared to the case of providing means for controlling smoke flow on the tunnel side.

  In the smoke flow control device, the smoke flow inhibition unit includes a plate member provided in the vehicle, and a pivoting mechanism that pivots the plate member with an end of the plate member as a central axis. When the smoke flow blocking unit operates, the plate member may rotate to form the smoke flow blocking surface.

  In the smoke flow control device, the smoke flow blocking unit includes a plate member provided in the vehicle, and a moving mechanism moving the plate member outward from the vehicle in a vehicle width direction side view of the vehicle. The plate member may move to form the smoke flow blocking surface when the smoke flow blocking unit operates.

  In the smoke flow control device, a flexible member having flexibility may be provided on the side surface of the plate member in a vehicle width direction side view of the vehicle.

  In the smoke flow control device, the smoke flow inhibition unit includes an expansion and contraction member that can extend and contract outward from the vehicle in a vehicle width direction side view of the vehicle, and when the smoke flow inhibition unit operates, The telescopic member may extend to form the smoke flow blocking surface.

  In the smoke flow control device, the smoke flow blocking portion may be provided on the smoke flow blocking surface outside the side surface of the vehicle, and may have a human communication through which a person can pass.

  In the smoke flow control device, the door may be provided with an openable / closable door.

  In the smoke flow control device, the smoke flow inhibition unit includes a fluid injection unit that ejects fluid outward from the vehicle in a vehicle width direction side view of the vehicle, and the smoke flow inhibition unit is operated At this time, the fluid jetted from the fluid jet unit may form the smoke flow blocking surface.

  In the smoke flow control device, the fluid injection unit can inject the fluid in a direction inclined with respect to the vertical direction in the longitudinal side view of the vehicle, and the control unit is a fire source position of the fire from the vertical direction The fluid injection unit may be controlled to be inclined at an angle to eject the fluid.

  In the smoke flow control device, the vehicle is provided with a fire detection unit for detecting a fire source position of a fire, a plurality of the smoke flow inhibition units are provided, and the control unit is detected by the fire detection unit The smoke flow blocker located closest to the fire source position may be operated.

  In the smoke flow control device, the smoke flow inhibition portion may be provided at least at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the railway train.

  The present invention according to another aspect is a smoke flow control method for controlling smoke flow at the time of a fire of a railway train generated in a tunnel, comprising: a fire detection step of detecting a fire generated by the railway train; Stop detection process for detecting the stop of the railway train when a fire is detected in the case, and position detection for detecting the stop position of the railway train when the stop of the train train is detected in the stop detection process When it is detected in the step and the position detection step that the stop position of the railway train is within the tunnel section, at least above the ceiling surface of the vehicle in the widthwise side view of the vehicle that constitutes the railway train And a smoke flow control step of forming a smoke flow inhibition surface.

  According to the present invention, when a car fire of a railway train occurs in a tunnel section, the smoke flow generated by the fire can be appropriately controlled.

It is a side view showing typically an outline of composition of a railroad train concerning this embodiment. It is a side view showing typically an outline of composition of a railroad train concerning this embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a side view which shows typically the outline of a structure of the railway train provided with the smoke flow control apparatus concerning 1st Embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a side view which shows typically the outline of a structure of the railway train provided with the smoke flow control apparatus concerning 1st Embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a side view which shows typically the outline of a structure of the railway train provided with the smoke flow control apparatus concerning 1st Embodiment. In the smoke flow control method of this embodiment, it is the flow figure showing the flow from fire occurrence to the smoke flow blockage part starting operation. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that spreading | diffusion, such as smoke, is suppressed by the smoke flow inhibition part in 1st Embodiment. It is a side view which shows typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 1 of a 1st embodiment. It is a side view which shows typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 2 of a 1st embodiment. It is a side view showing typically an outline of composition of a railroad train provided with a smoke flow control device concerning modification 3 of a 1st embodiment. It is a side view showing typically an outline of composition of a railroad train provided with a smoke flow control device concerning modification 4 of a 1st embodiment. It is a side view showing typically the outline of the composition of the rail train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 5 of a 1st embodiment. It is a side view which shows typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 6 of a 1st embodiment. It is a side view which shows typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 6 of a 1st embodiment. It is a side view which shows typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a side view which shows typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a side view showing typically the outline of the composition of the rail train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 1 of a 2nd embodiment. It is a side view showing typically the outline of the composition of the rail train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 1 of a 2nd embodiment. It is a side view showing typically the outline of the composition of the rail train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 2 of a 2nd embodiment. It is a side view showing typically the outline of the composition of the rail train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 2 of a 2nd embodiment. It is a side view showing typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a side view showing typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a side view showing typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 1 of a 3rd embodiment. It is a side view which shows typically the outline of the composition of the railroad train provided with the smoke flow control device concerning modification 2 of a 3rd embodiment. It is an explanatory view showing a diffusion model of smoke etc. which were generated by fire in a tunnel.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present specification and the drawings, elements having substantially the same functional configuration will be assigned the same reference numerals and redundant description will be omitted.

<Composition of railway train>
First, the basic configuration of a railway train according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of the railway train 1 schematically showing an outline of the configuration of the railway train 1 traveling inside the tunnel 400. As shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view in the short direction of the railway train 1 schematically showing the outline of the configuration of the railway train 1 traveling inside the tunnel 400. As shown in FIG. In the following, in order to clarify the positional relationship, the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction orthogonal to one another are defined. Specifically, the longitudinal direction of the railway train 1 (longitudinal direction of the vehicle 10, longitudinal direction of the tunnel 400) is taken as the X-axis direction, and the lateral direction of the railway train 1 (vehicle width direction of the Direction) is the Y-axis direction, and the vertical direction is the Z-axis direction.

  The railway train 1 is organized by connecting one or more vehicles 10 via a connecting portion 11. In addition, in the example of FIG. 1, although the three vehicles 10 are connected in the rail train 1, the number with which the vehicles 10 are connected is not limited to this.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a case where the tunnel 400 is a single-wire tunnel will be described. As an example of representative dimensions of the tunnel 400, the height H1 is about 4.65 m and the width W1 is about 4.55 m. Further, as an example of the representative dimensions of the vehicle 10, the height H2 is about 3.65 m, and the width W2 is about 2.90 m. In such a case, for example, when a fire of the vehicle 10 occurs in the tunnel 400, the effective width W3 of the effective evacuation space E for passing when passengers evacuate is approximately 0.825 m.

  Thus, when the tunnel 400 is a single track tunnel, the effective evacuation space E is small. In addition, since many passengers may be in the vehicle 10, many passengers need to move the effective evacuation space E, and secure evacuation time and route can be secured more quickly. It will be necessary. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the smoke flow control device and the smoke flow control method of the present invention are applied on the assumption that it is difficult for the passengers to evacuate. Then, by suppressing the diffusion of smoke or the like generated by the fire of the vehicle 10 or delaying the diffusion of the smoke or the like, a safe evacuation time and route are secured.

  The smoke flow control devices 100, 200, 300 according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention and the smoke flow control method using the smoke flow control devices 100, 200, 300 will be described below.

First Embodiment
A smoke flow control device and a smoke flow control method according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG.3 and FIG.4 is a longitudinal side view of the railway train 1 which shows typically the outline of a structure of the railway train 1 provided with the smoke flow control apparatus 100 concerning 1st Embodiment. FIG. 5 is a side view in the short direction of the railway train 1 schematically showing the outline of the configuration of the railway train 1 provided with the smoke flow control device 100 according to the first embodiment.

  The railway train 1 is provided with a fire detection unit 20, a stop detection unit 21, a position detection unit 22, and a smoke flow control device 100. The fire detection unit 20, the stop detection unit 21, the position detection unit 22, and the smoke flow control device 100 are disposed at arbitrary positions of the railway train 1, respectively.

  At least one fire detection unit 20 is disposed at an arbitrary position of the railway train 1 and detects the fire when a fire occurs in the railway train 1. The detection of a fire by the fire detection unit 20 may be determined based on, for example, changes in ambient temperature or vehicle temperature, presence or absence of smoke generation, detection of a flame, or a combination thereof. The fire detection method described in the present embodiment is not limited to this, and other known detection means may be used.

  Further, the fire detection unit 20 specifies the position of the fire source of the generated fire. For example, it is preferable that one or more fire detection units 20 be disposed in each of the vehicles 10 in order to identify the vehicles 10 that are the fire source of the fire. In the present embodiment, the fire detection unit 20 has a function of detecting a fire and a function of detecting a fire source position, but the detection of the fire and the detection of the fire source position are performed by different means. It is also good.

  At least one stop detection unit 21 is disposed at an arbitrary position of the railway train 1 and detects the stop of the railway train 1. In addition, for example, when a fire is detected by the fire detection unit 20, the railway train 1 stops in an emergency. The determination of the emergency stop is performed based on information such as, for example, the size of the fire that has occurred, the position of the fire source, and the influence on the roadside based on the current position of the railway train 1.

  At least one position detection unit 22 is disposed at an arbitrary position of the railway train 1 and detects the current position of the railway train 1. The position of the railway train 1 is detected based on information from, for example, an ATS on-board vehicle, a GPS receiver, or wheels. In addition, the detection method of the position of the rail train 1 demonstrated by this embodiment is an example, is not limited to this, You may use another well-known detection means.

  A detection result by the fire detection unit 20, a detection result by the stop detection unit 21, and a detection result by the position detection unit 22 are output to the control unit 30, respectively. The control unit 30 constitutes a part of the smoke flow control device 100 as described later.

  The smoke flow control device 100 controls the flow of smoke or the like generated by the fire of the vehicle 10. The smoke flow control device 100 includes a smoke flow inhibition unit 110 that forms a smoke flow inhibition surface to control the smoke flow, and a control unit 30 that controls the operation of the smoke flow inhibition unit 110.

  In addition, the smoke flow blocking unit 110 includes a plate member 111 forming a smoke flow blocking surface, and a pivoting mechanism 112 that pivots the plate member 111. The smoke flow blocking unit 110 is provided at least at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the railway train 1, that is, at the leading end of the leading vehicle and the trailing end of the trailing vehicle. However, the smoke flow can be more appropriately controlled by providing the smoke flow inhibition unit 110 for each vehicle 10 (each connection unit 11).

  The plate member 111 is provided on the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. The plate member 111 has a plate-like shape, and as shown in FIG. 5, the first end 111 a positioned on the upper side when the plate member 111 is erected has a shape along the inner side surface of the tunnel 400. Or have a curved shape. The plate member 111 is preferably made of a material having heat resistance and fire resistance in order to control the flow of smoke or the like generated in a fire as described later.

  The pivoting mechanism 112 pivots the plate member 111 about the second end 111b opposite to the first end 111a as a central axis. The pivoting mechanism 112 has, for example, a spring (not shown) and a stopper (not shown). As shown in FIG. 3, when the smoke flow blocking unit 110 is not in operation at normal times, the stopper of the turning mechanism 112 is hooked up, and the plate member 111 is biased by a spring. Then, the plate member 111 is stored such that the surface thereof contacts the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, when the smoke flow blocking portion 110 operates at the time of fire occurrence, the stopper of the rotating mechanism 112 is removed, and the plate member 111 is rotated about the second end 111b by the spring force. , And is erected to be perpendicular to the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10.

  In addition, the structure of the rotation mechanism 112 is not limited to the above, For example, you may use the drive mechanism by oil pressure or an electric motor. However, the pivoting mechanism 112 pivots the plate member 111 at the time of fire, and there is a possibility that it does not operate when a driving mechanism by hydraulic pressure or a motor is used. Therefore, it is desirable to rotate the plate member 111 without power as in the above configuration.

  The control unit 30 controls the operation of the smoke flow inhibition unit 110 based on the detection result by the fire detection unit 20 described above, the detection result by the stop detection unit 21, and the detection result by the position detection unit 22. The control unit 30 is, for example, a computer and has a program storage unit (not shown). The program storage unit stores a program for controlling the smoke flow inhibition unit 110.

  Next, a smoke flow control method at the time of fire occurrence using the smoke flow control device 100 configured as described above will be described. FIG. 6 is a flow diagram showing a flow from the occurrence of a fire in the railway train 1 to the start of operation of the smoke flow inhibition unit 110 in the smoke flow control method.

  When a fire of the vehicle 10 occurs in the railway train 1, the fire detection unit 20 detects the fire (step S1 in FIG. 6).

  When a fire is detected in step S1, the stop detection unit 21 detects the stop of the train 1 (step S2 in FIG. 6).

  In step S2, for example, when it is determined that the scale of the fire is large and it is necessary to evacuate the passengers, the railway train 1 stops in an emergency, and the stop detection unit 21 detects that the train 1 is stopped. Ru. On the other hand, if, for example, the fire is a small fire and it is not necessary to make an emergency stop, or if it is determined that an emergency stop is not desirable due to the surrounding environment of the railway train 1, the traveling of the railway train 1 continues. Be done. In this case, the stop detection unit 21 does not detect the stop of the railway train 1.

  In step S2, when the stop of the railway train 1 is detected, the position detection unit 22 detects the stop position of the railway train 1 (step S3 in FIG. 6).

  As a result of the detection in step S3, when the stop position of the railway train 1 is other than the tunnel section, that is, the open space, the smoke flow inhibition unit 110 does not operate. On the other hand, when the stop position of the railway train 1 is in the tunnel section, that is, in the closed space, the smoke flow inhibiting unit 110 is operated (Step S4 in FIG. 6).

  As described above, after the detection of the fire in step S1, the detection of the stop of the train 1 in step S2, and the detection that the stop position of the train 1 in step S3 is in the tunnel section, the smoke flow inhibition in step S4. The unit 110 operates.

  Next, a method of controlling the smoke flow generated by a fire by the operation of the smoke flow inhibition unit 110 will be described. When the smoke flow inhibiting portion 110 operates, the stopper of the pivoting mechanism 112 is removed as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the plate member 111 is pivoted about the second end 111b by the spring force, It is erected to be perpendicular to the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. Then, the smoke flow blocking surface is formed above the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10 by the plate member 111.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the diffusion of smoke and the like is suppressed by the smoke flow inhibition unit 110, that is, an explanatory view showing a smoke flow control method by the smoke flow control device 100. As shown in FIG. 7, the smoke or the like generated from the fire source 401 ascends toward the ceiling surface of the tunnel 400 (black arrows in the drawing). The smoke or the like reaching the ceiling surface of the tunnel 400 tries to diffuse toward the wellhead of the tunnel 400 along the ceiling surface of the tunnel 400. On the other hand, a plate member 111 is erected on the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10, and a smoke flow blocking surface is formed perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 400 so as to cover the upper side of the ceiling surface, Diffusion of smoke etc. is suppressed.

  According to the present embodiment, the smoke flow inhibiting unit 110 of the smoke flow control device 100 operates as described above, whereby the diffusion of smoke or the like generated by the fire is suppressed. Evacuation time and route can be secured. As a result, the passengers can be evacuated properly, and the passengers can be appropriately restrained from being delayed by smoke or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 5, it is difficult to make the shape of the plate member 111 conform to the inner wall surface of any tunnel 400 due to the shape of each tunnel 400 and the difference between the width of the vehicle 10 and the width of the tunnel 400. In some cases, gaps D1 and D2 may occur between the plate member 111 and the inner surface of the tunnel 400.

  However, since at least a part of the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10 can be covered by the plate member 111, diffusion of smoke or the like generated by a fire can be suppressed, that is, even if the gaps D1 and D2 exist. It is possible to delay the spread of smoke etc. As a result, it is possible to obtain the effect of securing the evacuation time and route of the passengers.

(Modification 1 of the first embodiment)
In order to make the gap D1 described above as small as possible, for example, the plate member 111 may be divided into a plurality of plate members 113 as shown in FIG. By covering the upper surface of the ceiling of the vehicle 10 with the plurality of plate members 113 in this manner, the gap D1 can be made smaller than in the case where the plate members 111 are formed.

  The plate member 111 may not be attached to the vehicle 10 because its size is too large. Even in such a case, the size of one plate member 113 can be reduced and attached to the vehicle 10 by dividing into a plurality of plate members 113 as in the present modification.

(Modification 2 of the first embodiment)
Further, in order to make the above-mentioned gap D1 as small as possible, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, a flexible member 114 such as rubber having flexibility may be provided on the side of the plate member 111 opposite to the tunnel 400. The flexible member 114 can seal the gap D1. As a result, it is possible to more appropriately suppress the spread of smoke and the like generated by the fire, or to delay the spread. Of course, for example, the flexible member 114 may be provided on the divided plate member 113 as shown in FIG.

(Modification 3 of the first embodiment)
In the smoke flow blocking unit 110 of the smoke flow control device 100, the plate member 111 is configured to be pivotable by the pivoting mechanism 112, but the movement method of the plate member is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the smoke flow blocking unit 120 includes a plate member 121 that forms a smoke flow blocking surface, and a moving mechanism 122 that slides the plate member 121 in the vertical direction.

  The plate member 121 is provided at an end of the vehicle 10 (near the connecting portion 11). In addition, since the structure of the plate member 121 is the same as the structure of the plate member 111, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The moving mechanism 122 moves the plate member 121 in the vertical direction, and includes, for example, a spring (not shown) and a stopper (not shown). In the normal state where the smoke flow blocking unit 120 is not in operation, the stopper of the moving mechanism 122 is engaged, and the plate member 121 is biased by a spring. Then, the plate member 121 is stored so that its surface is in contact with the end surface of the vehicle 10 (the vertical wall portion of the end of the vehicle 10). On the other hand, when the smoke flow blocking unit 120 operates when a fire occurs, the stopper of the moving mechanism 122 is removed, and the plate member 121 moves in the vertical direction by the spring force and protrudes from the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. Then, the smoke flow blocking surface is formed above the ceiling surface by the protruding plate member 121.

  Also in the present modification, the smoke flow blocker 120 operates to suppress the diffusion of smoke and the like generated by the fire, and therefore, it is possible to secure the safe evacuation time and route of the passenger of the railway train 1.

(Modification 4 of the first embodiment)
The smoke flow blocking unit 120 includes the plate member 121 movable in the vertical direction from the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. However, for example, as shown in FIG. It may be The plate member 123 is provided at the end of the vehicle 10, that is, disposed at the same position as the plate member 121 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 10. Further, like the plate member 121, the plate member 123 has a plate shape whose end is along the inner side surface of the tunnel 400, and is made of a material having heat resistance and fire resistance. The plate member 123 is horizontally movable from the side surface of the vehicle 10 by a moving mechanism (not shown). In addition, since the structure of this moving mechanism is the same as that of the moving mechanism 122, description is abbreviate | omitted. A smoke flow blocking surface is formed on both sides of the vehicle 10 by the plate member 123.

  As in the present modification, by forming a smoke flow blocking surface not only above the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10 but also on both sides of the vehicle 10, the diffusion of smoke or the like generated in a fire is suppressed or diffused. The delaying effect can be further improved.

(Modification 5 of the first embodiment)
The plate member 121 of the third modification and the plate member 123 of the fourth modification are disposed on the side of the end of the vehicle 10, that is, in the vicinity of the connecting portion 11. It is difficult to install these plate members 121 and 123 at the front end of a leading vehicle and the rear end of the rearmost vehicle.

  In such a case, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, in the vicinity of the driver's seat and the conductor's seat where installation of the plate members 121 and 123 is difficult, a pivoting smoke flow blocking portion 110 is provided. A mobile smoke flow blocker 120 may be provided. With such a configuration, the flow of smoke can be appropriately controlled in all vehicles.

(Modification 6 of the first embodiment)
In the case where the plate members 123 are provided on both sides of the vehicle 10 as in the fourth modification, in order to evacuate the passengers more appropriately, for example, as shown in FIG. The communication holes 124 may be formed as large as possible.

  Furthermore, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, an openable door 125 may be provided at the through hole 124 of the plate member 123. In such a case, it is possible to more appropriately evacuate the passenger and to further improve the effect of suppressing the spread of smoke or the like generated by the fire or delaying the spread.

Second Embodiment
A smoke flow control device and a smoke flow control method according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 15 is a longitudinal side view of the railway train 1 schematically showing an outline of the configuration of the railway train 1 including the smoke flow control device 200 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 16 is a side view in the short direction of the railway train 1 schematically showing an outline of the configuration of the railway train 1 including the smoke flow control device 200 according to the second embodiment.

  Although not illustrated, the railway train 1 of the second embodiment has a vehicle 10 having the same configuration as the railway train 1 of the first embodiment, a fire detection unit 20, a stop detection unit 21, a position detection unit 22, and control. A unit 30 is provided. The smoke flow control device 200 will be described below.

  The smoke flow control device 200 includes a smoke flow inhibition unit 210 that forms a smoke flow inhibition surface to control the smoke flow, and the control unit 30 that controls the operation of the smoke flow inhibition unit 210.

  In addition, the smoke flow blocking unit 210 includes a balloon 211 as a telescopic member that forms a smoke flow blocking surface, and a drive unit 212 that inflates (stretches) the balloon 211. The balloon 211 and the drive unit 212 are respectively provided on the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. When the smoke flow inhibition unit 210 is not in operation at normal times, the balloon 211 is housed inside. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, when the smoke flow inhibiting unit 210 operates at the time of fire occurrence, the drive unit 212 instantly inflates the balloon 211 with, for example, a gunpowder. The expanded balloon 211 forms a smoke flow blocking surface above the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10.

  In the present embodiment, the flow from the occurrence of a fire in the railway train 1 to the start of the operation of the smoke flow inhibition unit 210 is the same as the method described using FIG. 6 in the first embodiment. That is, after the detection of the fire in step S1, the detection of the stop of the train 1 in step S2, and the detection that the stop position of the train 1 in step S3 is in the tunnel section, the smoke flow inhibiting unit 210 Operate.

  Also in this embodiment, it is possible to receive the same effect as that of the first embodiment. That is, the diffusion of smoke and the like generated by the fire can be suppressed, and a safe evacuation time and route of the passenger of the railway train 1 can be secured.

  Moreover, in the present embodiment, the balloon 211 inflated at the time of fire occurrence is in close contact with the inner side surface of the tunnel 400. Therefore, the generation of the gaps D1 and D2 as shown in FIG. 5 can be suppressed to more appropriately suppress the diffusion of smoke or the like generated by the fire, or the diffusion can be delayed.

(Modification 1 of the second embodiment)
The smoke flow blocking unit 210 has the balloon 211 inflated above the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. However, for example, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the balloon 213 inflated laterally from both side surfaces of the vehicle 10 May be further included. The balloon 213 is expanded laterally from the side surface of the vehicle 10 by the drive unit 214 provided on the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. The expanded balloon 213 forms a smoke flow blocking surface on both sides of the vehicle 10.

  As in the present modification, by forming a smoke flow blocking surface not only above the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10 but also on both sides of the vehicle 10, the diffusion of smoke or the like generated in a fire is suppressed or diffused. The delaying effect can be further improved.

  In the present embodiment and the present modification, the drive units 212 and 214 are provided on the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10, but the arrangement positions of the drive units 212 and 214 are not limited thereto. be able to. Moreover, in this modification, although the balloons 211 and 213 were provided separately, you may make the shape of a balloon into a portal shape, for example, and may provide integrally. In such a case, the drive units 212 and 214 are also integrally provided. Furthermore, in the present embodiment and the present modification, the balloons 211 and 213 are used as the stretchable members, but the configuration of the stretchable members is not limited to this. For example, a bellows-like stretchable compression container may be used as the stretchable member.

(Modification 2 of the second embodiment)
In the case where the balloon 213 is inflated on both sides of the vehicle 10 as in the first modification, at least the passenger who can evacuate the balloon 213 can pass, for example, as shown in FIG. The communication holes 215 may have a certain size.

  Furthermore, for example, as shown in FIG. 20, a door 216 (for example, a curtain or a piece of goodwill) that can be opened and closed may be provided in the communication port 215 of the balloon 213. In such a case, it is possible to more appropriately evacuate the passenger and to further improve the effect of suppressing the spread of smoke or the like generated by the fire or delaying the spread.

Third Embodiment
A smoke flow control device and a smoke flow control method according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 21 is a longitudinal side view of the railway train 1 schematically showing an outline of a configuration of the railway train 1 including the smoke flow control device 300 according to the third embodiment. FIG. 22 is a side view in the short direction of the railway train 1 schematically showing an outline of the configuration of the railway train 1 including the smoke flow control device 300 according to the third embodiment.

  Although not shown, the railway train 1 of the third embodiment has a vehicle 10 having the same configuration as the railway train 1 of the first embodiment, a fire detection unit 20, a stop detection unit 21, a position detection unit 22, and control. A unit 30 is provided. The smoke flow control device 300 will be described below.

  The smoke flow control device 300 includes a smoke flow inhibition unit 310 that forms a smoke flow inhibition surface to control the smoke flow, and the control unit 30 that controls the operation of the smoke flow inhibition unit 310.

  Although the smoke flow inhibiting portion 110, 120 of the first embodiment and the smoke flow inhibiting portion 210 of the second embodiment physically form the smoke flow inhibiting surface, the smoke flow inhibiting portion 310 of the present embodiment Forms a smoke flow blocking surface by the fluid F.

  The smoke flow blocking unit 310 includes fluid nozzles 311, 312, and 313 as fluid jetting units that jet the fluid F above the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. The supply of fluid F to fluid nozzles 311, 312, 313 is optional. For example, the fluid F, for example, high pressure gas, is supplied to the first fluid nozzle 311 from a fluid tank 314 provided under the floor of the vehicle 10. The second fluid nozzle 312 is supplied with a fluid F, for example, a high pressure gas, from a fluid tank 315 provided on the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. The third fluid nozzle 313 is integrally formed with the fluid tank, and stores, for example, high-pressure gas, which is the fluid F. Then, when the smoke flow blocking unit 310 operates when a fire occurs, the fluid F is jetted from the fluid nozzles 311, 312, and 313, whereby a smoke flow blocking surface is formed above the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10.

  The fluid F is not limited to a high pressure gas, and may be, for example, water, a mist-like liquid, air or the like. Further, as the fluid tanks 314 and 315, for example, it is conceivable to store the fluid F by a compressor or the like, but it is desirable to adopt a method of operating without power in consideration of the operation at the time of fire.

  In the present embodiment, the flow from the occurrence of a fire in the railway train 1 to the start of the operation of the smoke flow inhibition unit 310 is the same as the method described using FIG. 6 in the first embodiment. That is, after the detection of the fire in step S1, the detection of the stop of the train 1 in step S2, and the detection that the stop position of the train 1 in step S3 is in the tunnel section, the smoke flow inhibiting unit 310 Operate.

  Also in the present embodiment, it is possible to receive the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments. That is, the diffusion of smoke and the like generated by the fire can be suppressed, and a safe evacuation time and route of the passenger of the railway train 1 can be secured.

  Further, for example, by controlling the ejection amount and the flow velocity of the fluid F ejected from the fluid nozzles 311, 312, 313, it is possible to control the fluid intensity of the smoke flow blocking surface. In this way, it is possible to form an appropriate smoke flow blocking surface according to the size of the fire and the like, and to appropriately control the smoke flow generated by the fire.

(Modification 1 of the third embodiment)
The smoke flow blocking unit 310 has the fluid nozzles 311, 312, and 313 for jetting the fluid F above the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10. For example, as shown in FIG. May further include a fluid nozzle 316 for injecting the fluid F. The configuration of the fluid nozzle 316 is similar to that of any of the fluid nozzles 311, 312, 313. Then, by injecting the fluid F from the fluid nozzle 316, a smoke flow blocking surface is formed on both sides of the vehicle 10.

  As in the present modification, by forming a smoke flow blocking surface not only above the ceiling surface of the vehicle 10 but also on both sides of the vehicle 10, the diffusion of smoke or the like generated in a fire is suppressed or diffused. The delaying effect can be further improved.

  Further, in the present modification, since the smoke flow blocking surface is formed by the fluid F on both sides of the vehicle 10, there is no possibility of blocking the evacuation of the passengers. For this reason, it is not necessary to provide the communication holes 124 and 215 and the doors 125 and 216 of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above.

(Modification 2 of the third embodiment)
For example, as shown in FIG. 24, the fluid nozzles 311, 316 may be provided such that the jetting direction of the fluid F is inclined from the vertical direction to the tilting direction, that is, toward the fire source of the fire. The fluid nozzles 311 and 316 are respectively disposed, for example, at both longitudinal ends of the vehicle 10, that is, in the vicinity of the connecting portion 11.

  According to this modified example, it is possible to push back the smoke or the like generated by the fire toward the fire source as in the case of a ventilation fan, for example, and confine the smoke or the like in a narrower space. Therefore, it is possible to more appropriately suppress the diffusion of smoke and the like.

<Other Embodiments>
The smoke flow inhibiting units 110 and 120 of the first embodiment, the smoke flow inhibiting unit 210 of the second embodiment, and the smoke flow inhibiting unit 310 of the third embodiment are included in the smoke flow inhibiting unit provided in the railway train 1. You may provide in combination.

  Although this combination is arbitrary, you may provide separate smoke flow blocker 110, 120, 210, 310 for every vehicle 10, for example.

  Alternatively, the smoke flow inhibition units 110, 120, 210, 310 may be structurally combined. For example, the fluid nozzle 311 of the third embodiment may be provided on the plate member 111 of the first embodiment. Also, for example, the balloon 211 of the second embodiment may be provided with the fluid nozzle 311 of the third embodiment. In such a case, it is possible to form a physical smoke flow blocking surface as well as a smoke flow blocking surface by the fluid F.

  In the smoke flow control devices 100, 200, and 300 according to the first to third embodiments described above, when the fire detection unit 20 can identify the fire source position of the fire, it is closest to the fire source position. The smoke flow blockers 110, 120, 210, 310 located at Specifically, only the smoke flow blocking units 110, 120, 210, and 310 installed in the vehicle 10 serving as the fire source may be operated, or installed in the vehicles 10 at both ends connected to the vehicle 10 The smoke flow inhibition units 110, 120, 210, and 310 may be operated. In such a case, it is possible to shorten the section containing smoke and the like, and it is possible to efficiently suppress the diffusion of the smoke and the like.

  In the first to third embodiments described above, detection of fire and detection of fire source position by the fire detection unit 20, detection of stop of the train 1 by the stop detection unit 21, and train train 1 by the position detection unit 22. The detection of the stop position of each may be performed by a crew member. Furthermore, control of the operation of the smoke flow inhibition units 110, 120, 210, and 310 by the control unit 30 may also be performed by the crew via the control unit 30. For example, in consideration of the case where the fire detection unit 20, the stop detection unit 21, the position detection unit 22, the control unit 30, and the like do not operate properly due to the influence of a fire, the crew may carry out in this manner.

  In the first to third embodiments described above, the case where the tunnel 400 is a single-wire tunnel has been described, but, for example, the smoke flow control device and the smoke flow control of the present invention By applying the method, it is possible to receive a certain effect or more.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this example. It is apparent that those skilled in the art can conceive of various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and the technical scope of the present invention is also natural for them. It is understood to belong to

  The invention is useful for controlling the smoke flow generated by a fire when a train fire vehicle fires in a tunnel, in particular when the tunnel is a single track tunnel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Railroad train 10 Vehicle 11 Connection part 20 Fire detection part 21 Stop detection part 22 Position detection part 30 Control part 100 Smoke flow control device 110 Smoke flow inhibition part 111, 113 Plate member 112 Rotating mechanism 114 Flexible member 120 Smoke flow inhibition part 121, 123 Plate member 122 Movement mechanism 124 Person opening 125 Door 200 Smoke flow control unit 210 Smoke flow inhibition unit 211, 213 Balloon 212, 214 Drive unit 215 Person opening 216 Door 300 Smoke flow control unit 310 Smoke flow inhibition unit 311 , 312, 313, 316 fluid nozzle 314, 315 fluid tank 400 tunnel 401 fire source F fluid

Claims (12)

A smoke flow control device provided in a railway train for controlling smoke flow generated at the time of fire,
A smoke flow blocking portion that forms a smoke flow blocking surface above at least a ceiling surface of the vehicle in a vehicle width direction side view of a vehicle configuring the railway train;
The smoke flow blocking portion is formed to form the smoke flow blocking surface when a fire is detected, a stop of the rail train is detected, and it is detected that a stop position of the rail train is within a tunnel section. And a control unit for operating the smoke flow control device. The smoke flow inhibiting portion is
A plate member provided in the vehicle;
And a pivoting mechanism for pivoting the plate member with the end of the plate member as a central axis,
The smoke flow control device according to claim 1, wherein when the smoke flow inhibiting portion operates, the plate member is rotated to form the smoke flow inhibiting surface. The smoke flow inhibiting portion is
A plate member provided in the vehicle;
And a moving mechanism configured to move the plate member to the outside of the vehicle in a vehicle width direction side view of the vehicle.
The smoke flow control device according to claim 1, wherein the plate member moves to form the smoke flow inhibition surface when the smoke flow inhibition unit operates. The smoke flow control device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a flexible member having flexibility is provided on the side surface of the plate member in the vehicle width direction side view of the vehicle. The smoke flow blocking unit includes an extendable and contractible member that can extend and contract outward from the vehicle in a vehicle width direction side view of the vehicle.
The smoke flow control device according to claim 1, wherein when the smoke flow inhibiting unit operates, the stretchable member is extended to form the smoke flow inhibiting surface. The smoke flow blocking portion is provided on the smoke flow blocking surface outside the side surface of the vehicle, and has a human-passable person passage in any one of claims 2 to 5. Smoke flow control device as described. The smoke flow control device according to claim 6, wherein the door is provided with an openable door. The smoke flow inhibition unit includes a fluid injection unit that ejects fluid outward from the vehicle in a vehicle width direction side view of the vehicle.
The smoke flow control device according to claim 1, wherein when the smoke flow inhibition unit operates, a fluid injected from the fluid injection unit forms the smoke flow inhibition surface. The fluid ejecting unit can eject fluid in a direction inclined from the vertical direction in a longitudinal side view of the vehicle.
9. The smoke flow control device according to claim 8, wherein the control unit controls the fluid injection unit such that the fluid injection unit is jetted by tilting to a fire source position of a fire from the vertical direction. The vehicle is provided with a fire detection unit that detects a fire source position of the fire;
A plurality of the smoke flow inhibiting portions are provided,
10. The smoke according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the control unit operates the smoke flow inhibition unit located closest to the fire source position detected by the fire detection unit. Flow control device. The smoke flow control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the smoke flow inhibition unit is provided at least at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the railway train. A smoke flow control method for controlling smoke flow at the time of fire of a railway train generated in a tunnel,
Fire detection process to detect fire that occurred in railway trains,
A stop detection step of detecting a stop of the railway train when a fire is detected in the fire detection step;
A position detection step of detecting a stop position of the railway train when the stop of the railway train is detected in the stop detection step;
When it is detected in the position detection step that the stop position of the railway train is within the tunnel section, the smoke flow above at least the ceiling surface of the vehicle in the widthwise side view of the vehicle constituting the railway train And a smoke flow control step of forming an inhibition surface.

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