JP4360536B2 - Fire / smoke-proof area forming equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to fire and smoke prevention equipment installed in tunnel-shaped structures such as traffic tunnels for automobiles, trains, underground facilities, and various lifeline caves.

Conventionally, as this type of fire prevention and smoke prevention equipment, water spray equipment has been installed, the occurrence of a vehicle fire, etc., is detected by a fire detector, etc., and the water spray head corresponding to the fire position is discharged to control the fire. Suppress and protect the fuselage.
Publication 2002-248179

  However, in the conventional tunnel water spray equipment for the purpose of suppressing fire and protecting the fuselage, for example, when radiation from a water spray head corresponding to a fire vehicle or the like is started, it is formed at the upper part of the tunnel. The fire smoke layer had been vigorously agitated, and the entire area including the lower part of the tunnel was filled with smoke and harmful fire gas. In that state, the smoke progressed throughout the tunnel, which is a major evacuation problem.

The present invention employs an unprecedented method of partitioning a tunnel-shaped object with a water curtain, thereby suppressing a fire and a fire prevention and smoke prevention facility that enables safe evacuation by suppressing the diffusion of smoke due to a fire. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention is configured as follows.

  The fire prevention and smoke prevention equipment of the present invention is a head row in which a plurality of heads are arranged in a row on the ceiling surface and / or the side wall surface of a partition formed at a predetermined interval on a tunnel-shaped object to form a water curtain by water jetting. And a control valve that is controlled to open and close to supply and stop pressurized water for each head row, and in the event of a fire, the control valve provided on the head row located at the partition boundary on both sides of the fire occurrence position is controlled to open. And a control device that forms a water curtain by jetting water from each head row, and the head row has a plurality of heads arranged in a row including a head that sprays water having an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more. It is characterized by.

  Here, the fireproof and smoke-proof zone forming equipment of the present invention forms zones at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel-shaped object, or forms zones at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the tunnel-shaped object.

  According to the present invention, the water curtain formed by the water jet from the head row at the boundary between the two sides of the fire occurrence position, the ability to contain the fire air flow including smoke in the compartment and the harmful substances such as smoke by the water curtain. The effect of washing off synergistically has been confirmed, for example, in the case of a single water curtain, the amount of smoke spreading in the tunnel has been confirmed to be reduced to 20% or less compared to when there is no equipment, and a water spray equipment has also been added In some cases, it was confirmed that the amount of smoke spread in the tunnel was reduced to 5% or less.

  In addition, the heat penetration of the water curtain of the fire hot air stream improves the cooling efficiency by the water curtain, and in the conventional water spray equipment, for example, the heat stream of 700 ° C. is lowered to about 350 ° C. However, in the present invention, the hot air flow at 700 ° C. can be reduced to about 80 ° C.

In another form of the present invention, a plurality of heads are arranged in a row on the ceiling surface and / or the side wall surface of the boundary of the section formed in the tunnel-shaped object at regular intervals to form a water curtain by water jetting. The maximum number of head rows to be controlled, control valves that are controlled to open and close to supply and stop pressurized water in units of head rows, and control valves that are provided on the head rows located at the boundary of the compartments on both sides of the fire occurrence position in the event of a fire. And a control device that controls the opening to the injection amount, opens the control valve provided in the head row located at the outer boundary of the partition to the minimum injection amount, and forms a water curtain by water injection from each head row. It is characterized by that. Also in this case, the head row arranges a plurality of heads including a head for spraying water having an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more.

  As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, when a water curtain is formed by water jetting of the head row on both sides of the fire occurrence position, for example, 80% of smoke is removed by the inner water curtain. Even if it leaks 20 percent, if 80 percent is removed in the next water curtain, only 4 percent of the original smoke will come out of the outer water curtain, further improving the smoke-proof ability. Can do.

  In addition, the method of forming water curtain sections in the vertical direction in the width direction of the tunnel-shaped object is, for example, when the train and the platform side are partitioned in the case of a train fire at a subway station, or when the section from the platform to the underground passage is partitioned It is useful and has the great advantage that people can evacuate easily through the water curtain.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, a section formed at predetermined intervals in a fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming facility for a tunnel that forms a water curtain, and further in an exhaust cave or an exhaust duct that is exhausted outside the tunnel by an exhaust fan A smoke exhaust open / close damper connected to the exhaust duct or exhaust duct and a smoke exhaust opening connected to the smoke exhaust open / close damper are provided for each, and the control device further exhausts smoke in the section where the fire occurred when a fire occurs. It has a function of opening only the smoke open / close damper corresponding to the mouth. In this case as well, the fireproof and smokeproof section forming equipment of the present invention forms sections at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel-shaped object, or forms sections at a predetermined interval in the width direction of the tunnel-shaped object.

  In this case, a water curtain is formed by water jets from the head row located at the boundary of the compartments on both sides with respect to the fire occurrence position, and smoke and the like are exhausted from the smoke outlet in the fire compartment in that state, The momentum of the hot smoke that tries to penetrate the water curtain can be weakened and reduced, and the static pressure of the entire compartment at the fire location can be lowered, so that the amount of smoke spreading in the tunnel-shaped object can be further reduced. it can.

  Furthermore, in another embodiment of the present invention, an air supply sinus or air supply duct is formed for each section formed at a predetermined interval in an air supply sinus or air supply duct that supplies air from outside the tunnel-shaped object with an air supply fan. The air supply opening / closing damper connected to the air supply opening / closing damper and the air supply opening connected to the air supply opening / closing damper are further provided. It is characterized in that it has a function of closing control and opening control of one or a plurality of air supply opening / closing dampers of the air supply opening / closing dampers corresponding to the air supply ports provided in the sections other than the fire occurrence position section.

  In this case, a water curtain is formed by water jets from the head rows located at the partition boundaries on both sides with respect to the fire occurrence position, and in that state, smoke and the like are exhausted from the smoke exhaust port in the fire compartment, In addition, since air is supplied to selected sections other than the fire section, it is possible to weaken and reduce the momentum of hot smoke trying to penetrate the water curtain, and to reduce the static pressure of the entire fire section. In addition, for example, by selecting the compartments on both sides of the fire location compartment and controlling the opening of the air supply open / close damper to increase the static pressure, the amount of smoke spreading in the tunnel-shaped object can be further reduced. . The section for selecting the open control may be a section on the leeward side of the fire position section when there is a natural wind in the tunnel-shaped object.

  Here, a head row arrange | positions the head which has a part which the spraying direction of sprayed water opposes a fire airflow, and injects in a row form. For this reason, even if it receives a fire air current, smoke is effectively washed out by the water jet opposite to it, and the strength of the water curtain against the fire air current is ensured.

  The head row arranges a plurality of heads in a row by tilting the head radiation center direction toward the fire occurrence side. Specifically, in the head row, the heads are arranged so that the angle formed by the fire airflow direction along the ceiling surface and the head radiation center direction is 70 ° or less. Thereby, even if it receives a fire air current, the shape of the water curtain can be maintained without losing the fire air current.

  The head row has a full cone type, a hollow cone type, a square type, or a flat type as a jet pattern shape from one head. Further, the head row is arranged in a row in combination with a head that sprays water having an average particle size of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more, and a head that does not define the average particle size.

  For this reason, the gap between the heads with high smoke-proof performance, which sprays water with an average particle size of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more, is closed with a water screen by water jet from the head with no restriction on the average particle size, further improving the smoke-proof effect Increase and reinforce water curtain against fire airflow.

  Here, the jet pattern shape from the head in which the average particle diameter is not specified is any of a full cone type, a hollow cone type or a flat type in which the jet angle is in the range of 5 ° to 120 °, or a solid type in which the jet angle is 2 ° or less. Or a combination thereof. In addition, any or all of the heads whose average particle diameter is not specified are arranged so as to be inclined toward the fire occurrence side.

  The water jetted from the head is a diluted aqueous solution of a surfactant or a mixture thereof. For example, the water sprayed from the head is a dilute aqueous solution in the range of 0.001 percent to 0.8 percent of an anionic or nonionic surfactant or an amphoteric surfactant. By injecting the surfactant into the water in this way, the wettability to the smoke particles, that is, the adhesion when the injected water particles collide with the smoke particles is improved, and harmful substances such as smoke are washed away. The effect of washing off is enhanced.

  The ejection amount of the head row is in the range of 3 to 30 liters per minute per meter in the row direction. Further, the control device controls the control valve so as to vary in the range of 3 liters per minute per meter in the row direction to 180 liters corresponding to the size of the fire and the size of the target section detected by the detector. As a result, the necessary smoke-proofing effect is exhibited according to the scale and size of the fire.

  In addition, when the head rows are arranged in two rows at the partition boundary, a hanging wall having a height of 60 cm or less is provided therebetween. This hanging wall blocks the fire air flow through the gap of the water curtain near the base of the head, enhances the effect of washing off smoke by the water curtain, and suppresses heat penetration.

  Further, the head is disposed in a recess formed on the ceiling surface of the tunnel-shaped object, and a downwardly-opening door is provided in the opening of the recess, and the door opened downward in the event of a fire functions as a hanging wall. For this reason, the head is housed in the door, preventing dirt from exhaust gas from the car, and improving the interior design of the tunnel.

  Furthermore, a fire detection device is installed for each section of the tunnel-shaped object to detect a fire. The fire detection device is an infrared fire detection device that detects infrared radiation of a fire, a semiconductor temperature detection device that detects the fire temperature, an optical fiber temperature detection device, or a combination thereof. The control device makes a water discharge determination based on a fire signal from the fire detection device or a manual water discharge signal, and sends an open control signal to the control valve.

  Naturally, in addition to the method using the fire detection device, the control valve of the simultaneous opening valve is used by using a simultaneous opening valve as a control valve, which is a method generally used in conventional parking foam fire extinguishing equipment and water spraying equipment. A method in which a thermal fuse type or glass bulb type sensing unit is provided as a fire detection device in the circuit can also be used.

  The fireproof and smokeproof section forming equipment of the present invention further includes a water spraying equipment for extinguishing a fire in the tunnel-shaped object or preventing the spread of fire. In this case, the pressure supply piping of the water spray equipment is branched and connected to the head row, and the equipment configuration is simplified by sharing the piping system. The control device also uses a fire detection signal from the fire detection device of the water spray facility.

In the event of a fire, the control device further controls the opening of the control valve of the head row in the vicinity of the tunnel shape object entrance / exit to inject water to notify an abnormal situation in the tunnel. Furthermore, a message may be displayed by light projection on a water curtain formed by water jet from the head row near the tunnel-shaped object entrance.

  According to the present invention, a water curtain is formed by ejecting relatively small water particles having an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more from a head arranged in a column direction at a partition boundary in a tunnel-shaped object, The ability to contain the fire air flow containing smoke in the compartment and the washing-off effect of harmful substances such as smoke by the water curtain synergistically act. For example, in the case of a single water curtain, the amount of smoke spreading in the tunnel-shaped object is It has been confirmed that the amount of smoke spread within the tunnel-shaped object is reduced to 5% or less when a water spray facility is additionally provided.

  In addition, the heat penetration of the fire airflow by the water curtain improves the cooling effect by forming the water curtain by jetting water with an average particle size of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more, so that a conventional air spray facility has a heat flow of 700 ° C of 350 °, for example. However, according to the present invention, the heat flow at 700 ° C. can be lowered to about 80 ° C., and a sufficient heat penetration blocking effect can be secured.

  In addition, an exhaust port or an exhaust port and an intake port are provided for each section, and exhaust is performed from the section at the fire occurrence position according to the water curtain radiation, or the area other than the fire occurrence position is exhausted from the section at the fire occurrence position. By supplying air, the momentum of the hot smoke trying to penetrate the water curtain can be weakened and reduced, and the static pressure of the fire location compartment can be made relatively lower than other compartments, Smoke and harmful fire gas spreading in the tunnel-shaped object can be greatly reduced, and safe evacuation of people is possible.

  Furthermore, by forming water curtains on both sides of the fire-breaking compartment and forming a double water curtain on the outside of the water curtain, for example, if smoke removal of each water curtain was 80%, If the smoke is 100%, 80% is removed by the water curtain on the inside and 20% is burned out, but 80% is removed by the next water curtain, so the smoke leaking from the outer water curtain Is suppressed to 4% of the original smoke, and the smoke-proof ability can be dramatically improved by multiplexing the water curtain formation.

Furthermore, by arranging the full cone, hollow cone, and flat as the spray pattern of the head that forms the water curtain, a water curtain is formed that prevents heat penetration and smoke leakage without losing the fire airflow, in addition to the average particle By combining the ejection pattern of the head whose diameter is not specified, it is possible to prevent the water curtain formed by a relatively small water curtain having an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more from being flown by the fire air flow.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a fire prevention and smoke prevention equipment according to the present invention by taking an automobile tunnel as an example.

  FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel 1 seen from the plane, and FIG. 1B shows a cross-section of the tunnel 1 seen from the side. The tunnel 1 has, for example, a two-lane road surface 5 formed in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 1 is divided into sections at regular intervals, for example, sections A, B, C, D, E. A section for fire prevention and smoke prevention is formed, and a plurality of water curtain heads 2 are arranged in a row on the ceiling surface and the side wall surface which are boundaries between the sections A to E.

  As shown in the sectional view seen from the tunnel traveling direction of FIG. 2, the plurality of water curtain heads are installed such that the water curtain head 2 looks down the road surface from the top of the side wall 4 to the ceiling surface 3 in the tunnel 1. Each of the water curtain heads 2 is connected to the branch pipe 6 branched from the water supply main pipe 7 and can be supplied with fire-extinguishing water.

  Referring to FIG. 1 again, the branch pipe 6 to which the water curtain head 2 is connected is connected to the water supply main pipe 7 through control valves 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, and 8e. A pump 9 is provided for the water supply main 7, and water from the water source water tank 10 is supplied to the water supply main 7 by operation of the pump 9 by the control device 11.

  Fire detectors 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, and 12e are installed in the sections A to E in which the head row of the water curtain head 2 is arranged at the boundary. As the fire detection devices 12a to 12e, an infrared fire detection device that detects infrared radiation of fire in the tunnel, a semiconductor temperature detection device that detects the temperature of the fire in the tunnel, or an optical fiber temperature detection device may be used. Further, a combination of these various fire detection devices may be used.

  When a fire occurs in the tunnel 1, the control device 11 opens a control valve provided in the head row located at the partition boundary on both sides of the section where the fire has occurred, and forms a water curtain by jetting water from each head. . The activation of the control device 11 at the time of the occurrence of a fire may be an automatic activation based on a fire detection signal from the fire detection devices 12a to 12e, or by a start signal from a manual activation device installed at the fire occurrence site. Startup control may be used.

  Moreover, in the tunnel for exclusive use of a motor vehicle, the water spray equipment is usually installed in order to suppress and extinguish the fire generated in the tunnel. In this water spray facility, a water spray head 13 is installed in each of the sections A to E in FIG. 1, and a water supply main pipe from the pump 9 is branched and connected to the water spray head 13 (not shown).

  For this reason, the branch pipe 6 provided with the water curtain head 2 for fire protection and smoke prevention according to the present invention can also be used as a shared facility connected to the water supply main of the water spray facility. For this reason, the control device 11 performs water injection from the water spray head 13 of the water spray facility simultaneously with water injection from the water curtain head 2 of the present invention.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of water curtain formation and water spraying operations when a fire 14 occurs in the section C of the tunnel 1. The control device 11 performs the open control of the control valves 8c and 8d connecting the branch pipes 6 of the two head rows provided at the boundary on both sides of the section C with respect to the fire 14 that has occurred in the section C. Basically, the water curtains 18c and 18d are formed on both sides of the section C where 14 is generated.

  In addition to this, the control device 11 further includes control valves 8b and 8e connected to the branch pipes 6 of the two head rows provided at the boundary between the section A and E outside the section C where the fire 14 has occurred. Open control is performed, and water curtains 18b and 18e are also formed outside the water curtains 18c and 18d.

  For this reason, water curtains 18c and 18b are formed on one side of the section C where the fire 14 is generated, and water curtains 18d and 18e are formed on the other side. In addition to being suppressed, the smoke spill can be removed by washing away water particles with a water curtain to prevent leakage.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the variable flow rate type can be used as the control valves 8a to 8e provided in the branch pipe 6 of the head row at the partition boundary. For example, every meter per 1 meter in the row direction of the head row. The injection amount can be adjusted in the range of 3 liters to 180 liters per minute.

  Since the amount of injection from the head that forms such a water curtain can be controlled, the control device 8 opens and closes the control valves 8a to 8e corresponding to the size of the section where the fire is occurring and the scale of the fire. The injection amount can be adjusted by controlling the degree.

  For example, when a fire 14 occurs in the section C as shown in FIG. 3, the head valve control valves 8c and 8d at the boundary of the section C are set to the maximum opening, for example, a maximum injection amount of 180 liters per minute per meter in the row direction. On the other hand, for the control valves 8b and 8e in the outer head row, the minimum injection amount is 3 liters per minute per meter in the row direction.

  As a result, the water curtains 18c and 18d maximize the fireproof and smokeproof performance by the maximum injection amount to prevent heat penetration and smoke outflow. On the other hand, for the outer water curtains 18b and 18e, if the density of the water curtain is improved by increasing the injection quantity, the visibility is blocked by the water curtain and the visibility is not good. Depending on the progress of the subsequent fire, if there is a lot of smoke from the water curtains 18c and 18d, the spray quantity of the water curtains 18b and 18e can be increased to suppress the spread of the smoke. it can.

  Further, as a control of water curtain formation by the control device 11 of the present invention, when a fire breaks out, the head row near the tunnel entrance / exit, in the case of FIG. 3, the control valve 8a of the head row outside the section A of the tunnel 1 is opened to control the water. If a water curtain is formed by jetting, for example, if section A is at the entrance of a tunnel, water can be jetted to notify an abnormal situation in the tunnel to a vehicle attempting to enter the tunnel.

In addition, when a water curtain is formed by jetting water from the head row near the entrance of the tunnel, a message “fire occurred” can be displayed on the water curtain by light projection using a projector.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of another embodiment of the present invention, in which an exhaust system is further combined with the fireproof and smokeproof section forming equipment for tunnels forming the water curtain of FIGS. 1 to 3, and FIG. It is sectional drawing seen from the plane of the tunnel 1, and is a cross section of the tunnel 1 seen from the side in FIG. 4 (B).

  In this embodiment, the exhaust cave (or exhaust duct) 41 exhausted outside the tunnel by the exhaust fan 40 is divided into sections A, B, C, D, E... Formed in the tunnel 1 at predetermined intervals. An exhaust system including a smoke exhaust opening / closing damper 42 connected to an exhaust cave (or exhaust duct) 41 and a smoke exhaust port 43 connected to the smoke exhaust opening / closing damper 42 is provided. In this case, when the fire 14 occurs, the control device 11 has a function of opening only the smoke open / close damper 42 corresponding to the smoke exhaust port 43 of the section C at the fire occurrence position. The rest of the configuration is the same as in FIGS.

  According to this embodiment, the water curtains 18c and 18d are formed by water injection from the head row of the water curtain head 2 located at the boundary between the compartments B and D on at least both sides of the section C where the fire 14 occurs. In this state, smoke and the like are exhausted from the smoke outlet 43 in the section C where the fire 14 is generated, so that it is possible to weaken and reduce the momentum of the hot smoke trying to penetrate the water curtains 18c and 18d, and further at the position where the fire occurs. Since the static pressure of an entire section C can be lowered, the amount of smoke spreading in the tunnel 1 can be further reduced. Although FIG. 4B forms a double water curtain, the same applies to the single water curtain.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of another embodiment of the present invention in which an exhaust air supply system is further combined with the tunnel fire-proof and smoke-proof zone forming equipment for forming the water curtain of FIGS. 1 to 3. ) Is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel 1 as viewed from the plane, and FIG. 5B is a cross-section of the tunnel 1 as viewed from the side.

  In this embodiment, in addition to the embodiment of FIG. 4, air supply cavities (or air supply ducts) 51 that supply air from outside the tunnel with an air supply fan 50 are formed in the tunnel 1 at predetermined intervals. For each of the sections A, B, C, D, E..., An air supply opening / closing damper 52 connected to the air supply cave (or air supply duct) 51 and an air supply opening 53 connected to the air supply opening / closing damper 52 are provided. Provide air supply equipment.

  In this case, when the fire 14 further occurs, the control device 11 controls the air supply opening / closing damper 52 corresponding to the air supply port 53 of the section C where the fire 14 is generated to close the sections A and B other than the section C where the fire is generated. Has a function of controlling the opening or closing of one or more of the air supply opening / closing dampers 52 corresponding to the air supply ports 53 provided in B, D, E. The rest of the configuration is the same as in FIG.

  According to this embodiment, the water curtains 18c and 18d are formed by water jet from the head row of the water curtain head 2 located at the boundary between at least the compartments B and D on both sides with respect to the fire generation section C. In the state, smoke or the like is exhausted from the smoke exhaust port 43 in the section C where the fire 14 is generated, and further, for example, to supply air to selected sections B and D other than the section C where the fire 14 is generated, In addition to being able to weaken and reduce the momentum of the hot smoke trying to penetrate 18d and lowering the static pressure of the entire section C where the fire 14 is generated by exhaust, for example, the sections B on both sides of the section 14 where the fire 14 is generated, By selecting D and controlling the opening of the air supply opening / closing damper 52 to increase the static pressure by supplying air, the amount of smoke spreading in the tunnel 1 can be further reduced.

  The section for selecting the opening control of the air supply opening / closing damper 52 may be selected from the leeward section of the section C where the fire 14 is generated when there is a natural wind in the tunnel 1. Further, FIG. 5B forms a double water curtain, but the same applies to the single water curtain.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an ejection pattern in the head for water curtain of the present invention. FIG. 6A shows the ejection pattern 15 of the water curtain head 2 in a plan view, and minute water particles are ejected in the radial direction around the water curtain head 2 as indicated by arrows. The average particle diameter of the water sprayed from the head 2 for water curtain according to the present invention is set to 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more, thereby enhancing the removal effect by washing off the smoke particles when the smoke particles and the water particles are collided by a fire. And the distribution density by the injection of water particles is increased.

  Here, the upper limit of the average particle diameter of 500 microns is the limit that when the average particle diameter is larger than this, the density of the water curtain decreases and the smoke leakage increases when the injection amount is constant, while the average particle diameter increases. The lower limit of 30 microns is the limit that can maintain the water curtain when subjected to fire airflow.

  FIG. 6B shows the ejection pattern 15 of the water curtain head 2 of the present invention from the side. This jet pattern 15 has a portion in the radiation direction 16 that radiates against the fire airflow 17 from the fire 14 on the left side at a position close to the ceiling surface 3 side where the head 2 is installed. The direction 16 secures the effect of forming a water curtain that overcomes the fire airflow 17 to wash away smoke particles.

  According to the experiments by the inventors of the present application, by forming water curtains by ejecting water having an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more from the water curtain head 2 by a head row using the water curtain heads 2, FIG. Thus, the ability to contain the fire air flow including smoke in the section C where the fire 14 has occurred synergistically acts to wash off harmful substances such as smoke by the water curtains 18c and 18d, and penetrates the water curtains 18c and 18d. As a result, it was confirmed that the smoke emitted from the section C where the fire 14 occurred was greatly reduced to 20% or less.

  Further, the heat penetration of the water curtains 18c and 18d of the hot air flow by the fire 14 improves the cooling effect by forming the water curtain by spraying water having an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more, and the 700 ° C hot air flow is 80 ° C. It was confirmed that it can be greatly reduced to the extent.

  Further, when the water spray head 13 is sprayed on the fire 14 to extinguish the fire, the smoke is stirred and spreads in the tunnel. Such smoke diffusion is suppressed by the water curtains 18c and 18d, and the smoke spreads. Can be confined in the section C where the fire 14 is divided by the water curtains 18c and 18d.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, in addition to the water curtains 18c and 18d at the boundary of the section C where the fire 14 has occurred, the water curtains 18b and 18e are simultaneously formed in the outer sections B and D, and the fire 14 is generated. Smoke leaked from the section C through the water curtains 18c and 18d is suppressed by the water curtains 18b and 18e on the outside, and can be reliably prevented from spreading into the tunnel.

  For example, if the amount of smoke leaking through the water curtains 18c and 18d from the section C where the fire 14 occurred is 20% of the total, the amount of smoke leaking from the outer water curtains 18b and 18e is the first smoke. Can be significantly reduced to 4 percent of the amount.

  1 is preferably supplied from a water source water tank 10 by a pump 9 and sprayed from the water curtain head 2 as a dilute aqueous solution of a surfactant or a mixture thereof. For example, an anionic or nonionic surfactant or an amphoteric surfactant is used as the water sprayed from the water curtain head 2, and a diluted aqueous solution in the range of 0.001% to 0.8% of these surfactants is used. Is used.

  Examples of the anionic surfactant used in the diluted aqueous solution of the present invention include polyoxyethylene lauryl sulfate soda salt. Polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether, sorbidan fatty acid ester, and sucrose fatty acid ester can be used as the nonionic surfactant. Furthermore, imidazoline betaine can be used as an amphoteric surfactant.

  Thus, by using the diluted aqueous solution of the surfactant as the water sprayed from the water curtain head of the present invention, the surface when colliding with the smoke particles in the sprayed state with an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more It can enhance the effect of washing off smoke.

  That is, when water particles of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more ejected from the water curtain head collide with smoke particles that are directed by the fire air flow, for example, smoke particles are oily smoke particles in normal water particles. In the case of water particles, it is difficult for the water particles to adhere, but in the case of water particles by injection of a diluted aqueous solution of a surfactant, the water particles reliably adhere to the smoke particles by collision with the smoke particles, thereby The effect of washing off can be enhanced.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a water curtain head having a full cone type spray pattern installed with the head radiation center direction inclined to the fire side. FIG. 57A shows a radiation pattern with respect to the road surface of the full cone head 2a arranged in the row direction in the tunnel. As shown in FIG. 7B, the full cone head 2a has its head radiation center direction 20 on the fire 14 side. It is installed at an angle.

  Here, the fire airflow 17 from the fire 14 comes to the full cone head 2 a along the ceiling surface 3, so that the direction of the fire airflow 17 with respect to the full cone head 2 a is the horizontal direction along the ceiling surface 3. It becomes the fire airflow direction 18 which becomes. The angle θ formed by the head radiation center direction 20 inclined to the fire 14 side of the full cone head 2 a with respect to the fire airflow direction 18 along the ceiling surface 3 is set to be θ = 70 ° or less.

  Thus, the full cone pattern 15a by the water jet from the full cone head 2a is obtained by inclining the head radiation center direction 20 of the full cone head 2a so that the angle with respect to the fire air flow direction 18 is θ = 70 ° or less. It will be injected to the fire 14 side with an inclination of θ = 70 ° or less, and even if it receives the fire airflow 17 due to the fire 14, the water curtain pattern shape of the full cone pattern 15a can be formed without losing the fire airflow. As shown in A), the strength of the water curtain, which is formed by continuously arranging a plurality of full cone patterns 15a by the head row, is secured against the fire airflow.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a hollow cone head that forms a water curtain by injecting a hollow cone pattern having a hollow inside as an injection pattern when the head radiation center direction similar to FIG. 7 is inclined to the fire side.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 8A, the hollow cone head 2b has an angle formed by the head radiation center direction 20 with respect to the fire 14 side with respect to the fire air flow direction 18 along the ceiling surface 3 as shown in FIG. = 70 ° or less, and the spray pattern is a hollow cone pattern 15b having a hollow inside.

  In this hollow cone pattern 15b, for example, if the spray amount is the same as the spray area on the same road surface 5 as the full cone pattern 15a of FIG. 7, water is sprayed in a donut shape because the inside is hollow. Area, that is, the density of the sprayed water particles in the hatched portion of the hollow cone pattern 15b increases, and the density of the water curtain in the spray of particles having an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more increases. The effect of washing off the smoke particles received by the fire airflow 17 can be enhanced, the amount of smoke leaking to the outside can be reduced, and the penetration of heat can be further reduced.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a head having a flat ejection pattern in which the head radiation center direction is inclined to the fire side and arranged in two rows. In the plan view of FIG. 9 (A), flat heads 2c each having a flat injection pattern in which the injection pattern on the road surface is substantially rectangular are arranged in two rows, and the heads on the left and right fire sides for each row. A flat pattern 15c, which is on the fire side, is formed on the road surface by injecting the radiation center in an inclined direction.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 9B, the flat heads 2c are arranged in two rows at the boundary position of the area of the ceiling surface 3, the right head row is flat in the right direction, and the left head row is flat in the left direction. The head radiation center direction 20 of the working head 2c is set to be inclined.

  Also in this case, since the fire air flow 17 due to the fire 14 is directed toward the head along the ceiling surface 3, the angle θ formed by the head radiation center direction 20 with respect to the fire air flow direction 18 is set to θ = 70 ° or less, and the fire Even if the air current 17 is received, the flat pattern 15c can form a water curtain without losing it.

  Further, in the case of the flat head 2c, the flat pattern 15c as viewed from the side as shown in FIG. 9B has a small thickness. Therefore, the heads are arranged in two rows to effectively prevent smoke from burning out. I try to prevent it. The two rows of flat heads 2c can secure a water curtain without losing the fire airflow 17 due to the inclination of the flat pattern 15c of the left flat head 2c against the occurrence of the fire 14 on the left side, and at the same time, the right flat pattern 15c. Is also equipped with bidirectionality to secure a water curtain without losing the hot air flow against the occurrence of a fire in the right compartment.

  FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which a head having a directional type jet pattern for jetting water having an average particle size of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more is combined with a head having a flat type jet pattern having no definition of the average particle size. It is explanatory drawing.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10A, the full cone heads 2a for forming the same full cone pattern 15a as in FIG. 5 by water jetting are arranged at the partition boundary positions, and the average particle diameter is defined therebetween. A flat head 21 is disposed to form a flat pattern 22.

  Here, as the ejection angle α in the head radiation center direction 20 in which the average particle diameter is not defined, one in the range of α = 20 ° to 120 ° is selectively used. Here, in the full cone head 2a, the angle θ formed by the head center radial direction 20 with respect to the fire air flow direction 18 is set to θ = 70 ° or less as shown in FIG. For the flat head 21 for which the average particle diameter is not specified, the head center radial direction is directed so as to be perpendicular to the road surface.

  Between the full cone head 2a which forms such a full cone pattern 15a by jetting water having an average particle size of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more, a flat head 21 having an unspecified average particle size is disposed. Thus, as shown in FIG. 10B, a flat pattern 22 with an average particle diameter not defined is formed in the connecting part of the water curtain between the full cone patterns 15a as shown by oblique lines, and this causes the head row as a whole. It strengthens the formation of the water curtain and greatly suppresses the penetration of heat, and improves the burning out of smoke by the effect of washing off smoke particles.

  Further, as a head whose average particle diameter is not specified, a full cone head and a hollow cone head whose average particle diameter is not specified may be combined in addition to the flat head.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 in which the flat head 21 whose average particle size is not defined is also inclined to the fire 14 side and installed in the same direction as the full cone head 2a.

  In this case, similarly to the full cone head 2a, the flat head 21 intersects the fire air flow direction 18 along the ceiling surface 3 with the head center radial direction 20 of the flat pattern 22 at an angle of θ = 70 ° or less, and the fire 14 Reinforcing the gap portion for forming the water curtain by the flat cone pattern 15a being lined up by the flat pattern 21 being positioned substantially at the center of the connecting portion of the full cone pattern 15a as shown in FIG. 10 (A). The effect can be further enhanced.

  FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment in which the head for a water curtain having the full cone type injection pattern of FIG. 7 is combined with a head having a solid type injection pattern with no definition of the average particle diameter.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12 (A), for example, an average particle diameter for ejecting four solid patterns 24 between full cone heads 2a for ejecting water having an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more. The solid head 23 is not defined. The solid head 23 has an ejection angle of 2 ° or less, and ejects a rod-like solid pattern 24 as shown.

  As shown in FIG. 12B, the solid head 23 is also tilted toward the fire 14 so that the head center radial direction 20, that is, the solid pattern 24 itself is θ = 70 ° or less with respect to the fire air flow direction 18. Has been.

  In this way, the solid head 23 with an unspecified average particle size is disposed between the full cone heads 2a for jetting water having an average particle size of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more, and the solid cone 23 is arranged while the full cone patterns 15a are arranged. By arranging and including the pattern 24 at the same time, the water curtain formed by the full cone pattern 15a and the solid pattern 24 becomes a strong water curtain with respect to the fire air flow direction 18, thereby suppressing the heat penetration and removing effect by washing off the smoke. Can be increased. Of course, the solid head 23 may be combined with the hollow cone head 2b of FIG. 8 or the flat head 2c of FIG.

  FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of the present invention in which a hanging wall is provided between two rows of water curtain heads. In this embodiment, the water curtain heads 2 are arranged in two rows at the boundary positions of the sections, and a hanging wall having a predetermined height H from the ceiling surface 3 between the water curtain heads 2 in each row. 25 is formed.

  The height H of the hanging wall 25 may be H = 60 centimeters or less. It is known that the hot air flow from the ceiling surface 3 due to a fire usually reaches a maximum speed at a position about 30 cm away from the ceiling surface 3, and therefore, for example, the hanging wall 25 of H = 60 cm is used as the head 2 for the water curtain. The fire air flow 17 descends on the drooping wall 25 and is prevented from flowing into the adjacent section by the dripping wall 25. In addition to the effect of the dripping wall 25, the fire air flow 17 Coupled with the water curtain by the spray pattern 15, it is possible to more effectively prevent heat penetration and smoke leakage by the fire airflow 17.

  In addition, the piping portion at the upper part of the head 2 of the water curtain becomes a gap where no water curtain pattern is formed, but the fire air flow 17 with respect to this gap is also prevented from penetrating by the dripping wall 25, Increases the formation effect.

  FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which a head is housed in a head housing recess on the ceiling surface and a hanging wall is provided. In this embodiment, a head storage portion 26 is formed in the center of the partition boundary portion of the ceiling surface 3 via a hanging wall 25, and the water curtain head 2 is disposed in the head storage portion 26. It is installed at an angle to the fire side.

  In this case, the spray source of the spray pattern of the water curtain head 2 is located in the head housing portion 26 and does not directly receive the fire air current 17 due to fire, thereby arranging the water curtain heads 2 in a row. The gap at the base of the head of the jet pattern 15 is almost completely eliminated, so that heat penetration can be reliably prevented and smoke can be prevented from burning out.

  In this embodiment, the drooping wall 25 is accommodated in the head accommodating portion 26 so as to be the same as the height of the ceiling surface 3. However, in order to prevent the fire airflow 17, the dripping wall 25 is further lowered. Similarly to the embodiment of FIG. 13, a hanging wall whose height H from the ceiling surface 3 is 60 centimeters or less may be used.

  FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which a water curtain head is housed in a door that is opened in the event of a fire. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15A, the water curtain head 2 is disposed in the head storage portion 26 formed on the ceiling surface 3, and the hinge 28 is centered at the opening of the head storage portion 26. Are provided with doors 27a and 27b that open and open downward.

  The door 27a has a latch receiver 29 on the inner side, and a latch solenoid 30 is provided on the inner side of the door 27b. The latch solenoid 30 operates by energization from the control device 11 of FIG. 1 and comes out of the latch receiver 29, and opens the doors 27a and 27b by its own weight as shown in FIG. 15B.

  Water is ejected from the water curtain head 2 with the doors 27a and 27b opened, and a water curtain is formed by the ejection pattern 15. At this time, the doors 27a and 27b hanging downward by opening function as drooping walls against the fire thermal airflow 17 due to fire, and simultaneously close the gap at the base portion on the head side of the water jet pattern 15 and simultaneously The door 27a is directed downward to prevent heat penetration and smoke leakage.

  Further, in normal times, as shown in FIG. 15A, the head storage portion 26 cannot be seen by closing the doors 27a and 27b, so that the appearance of the tunnel interior design can be improved, and at the same time, it passes through the tunnel. It is possible to prevent the water curtain head 2 from being contaminated by vehicle exhaust gas.

  In addition, although said embodiment took the tunnel for exclusive use of a car as an example, in addition to this, it can apply as it is to tunnel-like structure parts, such as a tunnel for trains, underground facilities, and various lifeline tunnels. .

  Further, the present invention can be applied as it is even in a building when the internal space has a vertically long planar shape.

  In the above embodiment, the method of forming the water curtain section in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel-shaped object is taken as an example. However, the water curtain section is formed in the vertical direction in the width direction of the tunnel-shaped object. You may do it. For example, by forming water curtain sections vertically in the width direction at a subway station, the train and the platform side are partitioned in the event of a train fire, or the part from the platform to the underground passage is partitioned.

  In the above embodiment, for the head installed with the head radial center direction inclined toward the fire side, either two rows of head rows inclined toward each section are arranged at the section boundary, or the ejection direction of the head is attached to the head. You may make it switch by the highway of a pipe | tube.

The present invention includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages thereof, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above embodiments.

Explanatory drawing which showed the embodiment of the fire prevention smoke prevention equipment by the present invention for the example of the exclusive tunnel for cars Cross section of tunnel in Fig. 1 Explanatory drawing of water curtain formation at the time of fire occurrence in the embodiment of FIG. Explanatory drawing of other embodiment of this invention which combined the exhaust equipment with the fire prevention smoke-proof zone formation equipment by a water curtain Explanatory drawing of other embodiment of this invention which combined exhaust-air intake equipment with the fire prevention smoke-proof division formation equipment by a water curtain Explanatory drawing of the injection pattern in the head for water curtain of this invention An explanatory view showing an embodiment of a head having a full cone type injection pattern in which the head radiation center direction is inclined to the fire side An explanatory view showing an embodiment of a head having a hollow cone type injection pattern in which the head radial center direction is inclined to the fire side Explanatory drawing showing an embodiment of a head having a flat type injection pattern installed in two rows with the head radial center direction inclined to the fire side Explanatory drawing of embodiment which combined and arrange | positioned the head which has a flat type | mold injection pattern without the restriction | limiting of an average particle diameter in the head which has the full cone type | mold injection pattern of FIG. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment in which the head ejection center direction of the full cone head and the flat head without restriction of the average particle diameter is inclined to the fire side. Explanatory drawing of embodiment which combined and arrange | positioned the head which has a solid type | mold injection pattern with no restriction | limiting of an average particle diameter in the head which has the full cone type injection pattern of FIG. Explanatory drawing of embodiment which provided the hanging wall between the head arrange | positioned in 2 rows Explanatory drawing of embodiment which stored the head in the head storing recessed part, and provided the hanging wall Explanatory drawing of embodiment which stored the head in the door opened at the time of a fire

Explanation of symbols

1: Tunnel 2: Water curtain head 2a: Full cone head 2b: Hollow cone head 2c: Flat head 3: Ceiling surface 4: Side wall surface 5: Road surface 6: Branch pipe 7: Water supply main pipes 8a to 8e: Control valve 9: Pump 10: Water source water tank 11: Control devices 12a to 12e: Fire detection device 13: Water spray head 14: Fire 15: Injection pattern 15a: Full cone pattern 15b: Hollow cone pattern 15c, 22: Flat pattern 17: Fire airflow 18: Fire air flow direction 20: Head radiation center direction 21: Normal head 23: Solid head 24: Solid pattern 25: Dripping wall 26: Head storage portion 27a, 27b: Door 28: Hinge 29: Latch receiver 30: Latch solenoid 40 : Exhaust fan 41: Exhaust cave (or exhaust duct)
42: Smoke exhaust opening / closing stage damper 43: Smoke exhaust port 50: Air supply fan 51: Air supply cave (air supply duct)
52: Air supply opening / closing damper 53: Air supply opening

Claims (26)

A head row in which a plurality of heads are arranged in a row on the ceiling surface and / or side wall surface of the boundary of the section formed in the tunnel-shaped object at a predetermined interval, and a water curtain is formed by water jet;
A control valve that is controlled to open and close to supply and stop pressurized water in units of the head row;
When a fire occurs, a control device that controls the opening of the control valve provided in the head row located on the partition boundary on both sides with respect to the fire occurrence position, and forms a water curtain by water injection from each head row,
With
The head array, in addition to those just more water curtain head having an average particle size sparging 500 microns 30 microns or more water to form the water curtain, the formed by arranging between the water curtain head that fire smoke compartment forming equipment, characterized in that arranged in rows in a combination of head not specified different average particle size and the water film head to spray water on the joint portion of the water curtain. A head row in which a plurality of heads are arranged in a row on the ceiling surface and / or the side wall surface of the boundary of the section formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel-shaped object;
A control valve that is controlled to open and close to supply and stop pressurized water in units of the head row;
In the event of a fire, the control valve provided at the head row located at the partition boundary on both sides of the fire occurrence position is controlled to open to the maximum injection amount, and the control valve provided at the head row located at the outer partition boundary is minimized. A control device that controls the opening to an amount and forms a water curtain by water injection from each head row;
Equipped with a,
Each of the head rows has a fire and smoke-proof section forming facility for a tunnel , wherein a plurality of heads including a head for spraying water having an average particle diameter of 500 microns or less and 30 microns or more are arranged in a row .
The fire / smoke / smoke compartment forming equipment according to claim 1 , wherein the compartments are formed at predetermined intervals in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel-shaped object.
2. The fire / smoke / smoke compartment forming facility according to claim 1 , wherein the zone is formed at a predetermined interval in a width direction of the tunnel-shaped object.
In the fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 1 or 2, further, an exhaust cave or an exhaust duct exhausted outside the tunnel-shaped object by an exhaust fan,
For each section formed at a predetermined interval, a smoke opening and closing damper connected to the exhaust cave or the exhaust duct,
A smoke outlet connected to the smoke opening and closing damper;
Provided,
The control device further has a function of opening and controlling only a smoke opening / closing damper corresponding to a smoke outlet of the section at the fire occurrence position when a fire occurs.
In the fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 5, further, an air supply cavity or an air supply duct for supplying air from outside the tunnel-shaped object with an air supply fan,
For each section formed at a predetermined interval, an air supply opening / closing damper connected to the air supply sinus or air supply duct, an air supply opening connected to the air supply opening / closing damper,
Provided,
In the event of a fire, the control device further closes the air supply opening / closing damper corresponding to the air supply opening of the fire occurrence position section, and corresponds to the air supply opening provided in the selected section other than the fire occurrence position section. A fire / smoke / foam section forming facility having a function of controlling the opening or closing of one or a plurality of air supply open / close dampers.
In the fire prevention smoke prevention division formation equipment in any one of Claims 1 thru / or 6, the above-mentioned head row has arranged the head which has the portion in which the spraying direction of sprayed water radiates facing the fire air current in a row. Fire prevention and smoke prevention compartment formation equipment characterized by this.
7. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 1, wherein the head row has a plurality of heads arranged in a row with the head radial center direction inclined toward the fire occurrence side. Fire and smoke proof area forming equipment.
7. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 1, wherein the head row has an angle between a fire air flow direction along the ceiling surface and a head radiation center direction of 70 ° or less. A fire- and smoke-proof section forming facility characterized by the arrangement of a head.
7. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 1, wherein the head row has a full cone type, a hollow cone type, a square type or a flat type as a jet pattern shape from one head. Features fire prevention and smoke prevention compartment formation equipment.
3. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 1 , wherein the injection pattern shape from the head in which the average particle diameter is not defined is a full cone type, a hollow cone type, a hollow cone type, A fire-proof / smoke-proof zone forming facility characterized in that it is either a flat type, a solid type having an injection angle of 2 ° or less, or a combination thereof.
The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that any or all of the heads whose average particle diameter is not specified are arranged with the injection center direction inclined toward the fire occurrence side. Compartment forming equipment.
7. The fire and smoke prevention section according to claim 1, wherein the water sprayed from the head is a dilute aqueous solution of a surfactant or a mixture thereof. Forming equipment.
14. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 13 , wherein the water sprayed from the head is in the range of 0.001% to 0.8% of an anionic or nonionic surfactant or an amphoteric surfactant. A fire prevention and smoke prevention compartment forming facility characterized by being a dilute aqueous solution.
7. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 1, wherein the head row injection amount is in the range of 3 to 30 liters per minute per meter in the row direction. Fire / smoke-proof area forming equipment.
The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control device is provided for each meter per 1 meter in a row direction in accordance with a fire size detected by a detector and a size of the target section. A fire / smoke / foam section forming facility characterized in that the control valve is controlled to vary within a range of 3 liters to 180 liters per minute.
7. The fire / smoke / smoke compartment forming equipment according to claim 1, wherein the head rows are arranged in two rows at a zone boundary, and a hanging wall having a height of 60 cm or less is provided therebetween. Fireproof and smokeproof compartment forming equipment characterized by
7. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 1, wherein the head is disposed in a recess formed on a ceiling surface of a tunnel-shaped object, and a downward double door is provided in the opening of the recess. A fire- and smoke-proof compartment forming facility that allows a door that opens downward in the event of a fire to function as a hanging wall.
In the fire-proof and smoke-proof zone forming equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming facility that detects a fire by installing a fire detection device for each section of a tunnel-shaped object.
20. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 19 , wherein the fire detection device is an infrared fire detection device for detecting infrared radiation of a fire in a tunnel, a semiconductor temperature detection device for detecting a fire temperature, or an optical fiber. A fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming facility characterized by being a temperature detecting device or a combination thereof.
21. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to claim 20 , wherein the control device makes a water discharge determination based on a fire signal or a manual water discharge signal from the fire detection device and sends an open control signal to the control valve. Features fire prevention and smoke prevention compartment formation equipment.
The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a water spraying equipment for extinguishing a fire in a tunnel-shaped object or preventing the spread of fire. Forming equipment.
23. The fire / smoke / smoke compartment forming facility according to claim 22 , wherein a pressurized supply pipe of the water spray facility is branched and connected to the head row.
23. The fire / smoke / split zone forming facility according to claim 22 , wherein the control device also uses a fire detection signal from a fire detection device of the water spray facility.
7. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control device further controls the opening of the control valve of the head row near the entrance / exit of the tunnel-shaped object to inject water when a fire occurs. A fire prevention and smoke prevention section forming facility characterized by letting you know the abnormal situation in the tunnel shaped object.
26. The fire prevention and smoke prevention section according to claim 25, wherein a message is displayed by light projection on a water curtain formed by water injection from a head row near the entrance / exit of the tunnel-shaped object. Forming equipment.

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