JP3914466B2 - Disaster prevention equipment for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicle disaster prevention facility.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional vehicle disaster prevention facility, for example, only a fire extinguisher or a fire detector is provided as a disaster prevention facility for Shinkansen.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in vehicles such as trains, airplanes, helicopters, and rockets, if an external fire occurs during traveling, it cannot be extinguished by wind pressure while traveling, and if the vehicle is at high speed, the vehicle must be stopped. take time.
[0004]
High-speed vehicles are designed to be extremely lightweight, taking air resistance into account, so there is limited space to store extinguishing media and water, and the amount of extinguishing media and water is extremely limited. It is necessary to use these fire extinguishing agents and fire extinguishing water effectively. In addition, an external fire that occurs outside the vehicle cannot be extinguished because it is difficult to spread fire extinguishing agent during traveling, and the flame is blown out while traveling, but the range of fire burning may progress. , It may flash over when stopped.
[0005]
In addition, since it takes time to stop the internal fire of the vehicle, if the passenger compartment is a single vehicle, smoke and toxic gas will diffuse into the passenger compartment before stopping. In addition, in the case of a vehicle with multiple compartments partitioned by doors, when evacuating from the fire compartment to the next room, smoke or toxic gas enters the next room from the door between the fire room and the next room, and the next room is also safe. It may disappear. Also, when a vehicle is stopped and evacuated, the vehicle entrance / exit is limited, and a fire may enter the entrance / exit. Some iron products, etc., which are belongings may scatter at the doorway and cause unexpected injury.
[0006]
Further, in the case of a vehicle in which a plurality of passenger compartments are partitioned by doors, if a bell notification or the like is given to all the rooms against a fire in one room, unnecessary confusion is caused. In addition, if the person in charge at the time of a fire makes a situational announcement to passengers, other necessary responses such as confirmation and fire fighting may be hindered.
[0007]
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to effectively use fire extinguishing agent and fire-extinguishing water while the vehicle is running, protect passengers from smoke and toxic gas generated from the fire point, and appropriately convey the fire situation to the passengers. Is to provide disaster prevention facilities for vehicles that evacuate passengers safely.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a vehicle disaster prevention facility having the following configuration. That is,
(1) A fire sensor associated with a vehicle fire prevention object, a TV camera that monitors the fire prevention object and generates a video signal, and is provided in the vehicle passenger compartment, and is based on the video signal from the TV camera. A TV monitor that displays the image of the fire prevention object, and a control device that displays the associated image of the fire protection object on the TV monitor in the passenger compartment when the alarm signal from the fire sensor is received. Features.
[0009]
(2) A plurality of passenger compartments provided in the vehicle that are partitioned by doors, a fire sensor associated with the vehicle's fire prevention target, and a fire alarm signal from the fire sensor are received to display the fire location. In the event of a fire from outside the vehicle, the fire is reported to the nearest passenger compartment and the passenger compartment behind it, or in the case of a fire from the inside of the vehicle, the nearest passenger compartment and its adjacent passenger compartment. And a fire receiver for informing a fire.
[0010]
(3) You may provide the differential pressure apparatus which makes the division adjacent to a fire place a positive pressure with respect to a fire place.
[0011]
(4) A passenger compartment and an evacuation chamber adjacent to the passenger compartment through a door and having an outlet to the outside and being positively pressured with respect to the passenger compartment may be provided.
[0012]
(5) The evacuation room may be cooled.
[0013]
(6) An evacuation port and a fire extinguishing water spraying device that secures an evacuation route by spraying fire water in a passage leading to the evacuation port may be provided.
[0014]
(7) You may provide the fire extinguishing water spraying apparatus which sprinkles fire extinguishing water at the exit to the exterior, and ensures an evacuation route.
(8) A fire extinguishing water spraying device that has a water storage tank for storing water and sprays the water in the water storage tank indoors, and a circulation device that collects the water sprayed by the fire fighting water spraying device and returns it to the water storage tank And may be provided.
[0015]
(9) You may provide the passenger compartment and the smoke barrier forming apparatus which forms the smoke barrier which divides the passenger compartment.
[0016]
(10) The vehicle includes a pipe connected to a nozzle facing a fire prevention target of the vehicle and a fire extinguishing agent inlet facing the outside of the vehicle connected to a base end portion of the pipe, and the vehicle can be stopped. The stop may include a connected fire extinguisher supply facility having a fire extinguisher injecting section that is connected to the fire extinguishing agent inlet and can inject the extinguishing agent into the vehicle.
[0017]
(11) There may be provided a stop where the vehicle can stop, and a fire extinguishing water spraying device provided at the stop and spraying fire extinguishing water to the exit of the vehicle to secure an evacuation route.
[0018]
(12) A shielding device for a magnetic field, an electric field, and an electromagnetic field may be provided near the exit provided in the stop.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Ships, buses, trains and the like can be considered as vehicles to which the disaster prevention equipment of the present invention can be applied.In particular, as high-speed vehicles, super-high-speed trains, racing cars, airplanes, helicopters, rockets, etc. can be considered, The speed of the conventional Shinkansen is further increased, and a vehicle such as a hovercraft that travels at a speed exceeding 500 km / h is adopted as an example of all the embodiments.
[0020]
Embodiment 1 FIG.
With reference to FIG. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 shows a vehicle and a vehicle disaster prevention facility to which the present invention is applied.
[0021]
In FIG. 1, 1 is a high-speed vehicle to which the disaster prevention equipment of the present invention can be applied, and travels at a speed exceeding 500 km / h. The high-speed vehicle 1 to which the disaster prevention equipment of the present invention can be applied is provided in the high-speed vehicle 1, has a room pressure independent of the outside air pressure, and is separated from each other by partition walls 4 (doors) in order to maintain airtightness. When the high-speed vehicle 1 is a vehicle such as a hovercraft as in the present embodiment, an air cushion device 3 for floating the high-speed vehicle 1 in the air is provided.
Here, the passenger compartment is a space in which a crew member or a passenger can enter during traveling of the vehicle 1 and is partitioned by a partition such as a door. , Game room, passage, hot water room, private room, toilet, bathroom, medical room, crew room, storeroom, etc.
The passenger compartment 2 is provided with a chair 8 on the inner floor surface on which a passenger is seated in the traveling direction of the high-speed vehicle 1. The air cushion device 3 is provided at the lower part of the vehicle body of the high-speed vehicle 1 and injects air from the lower part of the vehicle body toward the ground, thereby floating the high-speed vehicle 1 from the ground into the air.
[0022]
The disaster prevention equipment of the present invention is associated with all other fire prevention objects S such as a hot water supply room and a smoking area (not shown) such as a power unit outside the high speed vehicle 1, a switchboard (not shown), and devices inside the high speed vehicle 1. A fire sensor 5 that detects a fire from the target S and transmits a notification signal, and a TV camera 6 that is provided at a position where the fire prevention target S can be monitored and that always generates a video signal of the fire target S are provided. The fire sensor 5 includes a smoke detector, a heat detector, a flame detector, a gas sensor, and the like, and is provided in the vicinity of the fire prevention target S such as a switchboard, a control device, or a chair 8 (not shown). One TV camera 6 is arranged for each passenger compartment 2 on the front and rear sides of each passenger compartment 2 toward the fire prevention object. Therefore, even if one TV camera cannot send an image due to a failure or fire smoke, etc., the other TV camera can send an image, and by sending images from two different directions, Can be judged more objectively.
When there are a plurality of passenger compartments 2 in the vehicle 1 or the vehicle, TV cameras may be provided before and after the predetermined number of rooms depending on the size of the passenger compartment.
[0023]
The disaster prevention facility of the present invention includes a TV monitor 7 that receives a video signal from the TV camera 6 and always displays a video of the fire protection object S. One TV monitor 7 is arranged in each passenger compartment 2 on the ceiling portion in the forward direction of the passenger compartment 2 with the screen facing backward in the forward direction. Accordingly, the screen of the TV monitor 7 can be viewed from all passengers in the passenger compartment 2 who are seated forward in the traveling direction.
[0024]
In the disaster prevention equipment of the present invention, the fire sensor 5 detects a fire from the fire prevention object S, receives a notification signal transmitted, displays the fire place, and displays a video of the fire protection object S in the passenger compartment 2 TV. A control device 9 for automatically displaying on the monitor 7 is provided. The control device 9 is provided, for example, in the lower part of the floor of the operation control room 10 in front of the traveling direction of the high-speed vehicle 1, and has an operation panel 9A including a buzzer, a display unit and an operation unit (not shown) in the operation control room 10 and the like. The sensor 5, the TV camera 6, and the TV monitor 7 are electrically connected, and each of the passenger compartments 2 is arranged by the operation panel 9 </ b> A toward the fire protection object S one by one before and after the passenger compartment 2. The video of the TV camera 6 can be switched freely. Accordingly, in the case of an external fire with respect to the fire notification by the control device 9, it is easy to spread to the rear in the traveling direction. Therefore, if the fire is automatically notified only to the nearest passenger compartment and the rear in the traveling direction, Unnecessary confusion in the passenger compartment can be avoided, and in the case of an internal fire, the fire spreads to the next room, so if the fire is automatically notified to the nearest passenger room and the next passenger room to the fire location Unnecessary confusion in other passenger cabins can be avoided. Here, the passenger compartment closest to the fire location of the internal fire means the fire compartment when the fire location is a passenger compartment. An internal fire place other than the passenger compartment is, for example, a machine room where people cannot enter, and the nearest passenger compartment is, for example, the nearest one of the passenger compartments before and after the fire hot water supply room. If it is a passenger compartment and the two passenger compartments are approximately the same distance from the fire-heating hot water compartment, both passenger compartments are indicated.
Note that the fire notification can be performed on the TV monitor 7, and the fire prevention target to be detected may be displayed together with a predetermined announcement and character display of the fire alarm. Although the fire notification by the control device 9 is automatically performed, this may be performed by selecting a notification destination by an operation by the operation panel 9A.
In the above description, the control device 9 notifies the fire, but instead, a dedicated fire receiver may be used. That is, a fire alarm signal is received from the fire sensor 5 and the fire location is displayed. If the fire location is outside the vehicle 1, a fire is notified to the passenger compartment closest to the fire location and the passenger compartment behind it, or the fire location. If it is inside the vehicle 1, it may be performed by a dedicated fire receiver that notifies the fire to the nearest passenger compartment to the fire place and the adjacent passenger compartment. The fire alarm may be any method such as a bell or a predetermined announcement.
In addition, when the fire place is inside the vehicle, the adjacent passenger compartment where the fire should be reported is not always a passenger, a crew member, etc., such as a smoking room, a game room, a passage, a hot water room, In the case of a private room, toilet, bathroom, medical room, storeroom, etc., not only the adjacent passenger room, but also a passenger room such as a passenger room with many passengers ahead of the adjacent passenger room You may make it alert | report until. In this way, it is possible to notify passengers with a large number of passengers such as passenger cabins close to the fire place, so that passengers can accurately know the situation, including false alarms, and avoid unnecessary confusion of less dangerous passengers Can do.
[0025]
The disaster prevention equipment of the present invention includes a fire-extinguishing water spraying device 11 that sprinkles water in the passenger compartment 2 when a fire occurs in the passenger compartment 2 and a circulation device that collects and circulates the fire-extinguishing water sprayed in the passenger compartment 2 12. The fire-extinguishing water spraying device 11 has a water storage tank 13 for storing the fire-extinguishing water, a pump 14 for sending out the fire-extinguishing water in the water storage tank 13 at a high pressure, and piping 15 and piping 15 for guiding the fire-extinguishing water sent from the pump 14 into the passenger compartment 2. And an injection nozzle 16 connected to the nozzle. Each injection nozzle 16 is connected to a pipe 15 via a selection valve (not shown) that is controlled to open and close by a control device 9 for each predetermined section, for example, for each passenger compartment 2 based on a fire signal from the fire sensor 5.
Moreover, the water storage tank 13 is provided in the lower floor of the operation control room 10 ahead of the traveling direction of the high-speed vehicle 1, for example. Like the water storage tank 13, the pump 14 is provided adjacent to the water storage tank 13 in the lower part of the operation control room 10 in front of the traveling direction of the high-speed vehicle 1, and is activated by the operation panel 9A to extinguish the fire extinguishing water in the water storage tank 13. It is sent out to the pipe 15 at a high pressure.
The pipe 15 is connected to the pump 14 and is provided on the outside of the ceiling part of the passenger compartment 2 from the front to the rear in the traveling direction in the passenger compartment 2 along the ceiling part. The injection nozzle 16 is provided at a predetermined interval from the front to the rear in the traveling direction of the piping 15 in the passenger compartment 2, and when the fire extinguishing water is injected, the fire extinguishing water is distributed to all locations in the passenger compartment 2. Is arranged.
The circulation device 12 is for collecting the fire extinguishing water sprayed in the passenger compartment 2 and returning it to the water storage tank 13 for reuse. For example, the left and right sides of the floor in the passenger compartment 2 are slightly lower than the central portion, and grooves (not shown) that are gradually deepened from the rear to the front in the traveling direction are provided on the left and right of the floor. It is connected to the water storage tank 13 in the front. Accordingly, the fire-extinguishing water sprayed into the passenger compartment 2 is collected in the grooves (not shown) on the left and right sides of the floor, and then collected in the forward direction and in the water storage tank 13. In this way, since fire-extinguishing water is circulated, water that has been sprinkled and did not work effectively for fire extinguishing and fire spread prevention can be used repeatedly as fire-extinguishing water, so a limited amount of fire-extinguishing water can be used effectively. . You may make it pass a filter when fire extinguishing water is collect | recovered by the water storage tank 13 from the circulation apparatus 12. FIG.
The disaster prevention equipment of the present invention includes a fire-extinguishing water spraying device 11 that sprays fire-extinguishing water in a passage leading to an evacuation exit. The evacuation exit is an exit D for getting out of the vehicle, and when the evacuation room R is provided, the evacuation exit is an evacuation room entrance DR for entering the evacuation room R from the passenger compartment 2.
The passenger compartment 2 is provided with an injection nozzle 16 for spraying fire-extinguishing water in a passage leading to the evacuation chamber entrance DR or the exit D, that is, an evacuation route. The fire-extinguishing water spraying device 11 includes the injection nozzle 16, a pipe 15 connected to the injection nozzle 16, a pump 14 that sends fire-extinguishing water to the pipe 15 at a high pressure, and a water storage tank 13 that supplies the fire-extinguishing water to the pump 14. .
In this way, when a passenger evacuates due to a fire in the passenger compartment 2, at least the flame in the passage leading to the evacuation exit is extinguished, or it gets wet when passing through this passage, so that the passenger is protected from fire even when the flame approaches. . That is, an evacuation route is ensured and passenger safety is ensured.
Moreover, the disaster prevention equipment of this invention is equipped with the fire-extinguishing water spraying apparatus 11B which sprinkles fire-extinguishing water at the exit D to the exterior of a vehicle. Around the outlet D, a header H for spraying fire-extinguishing water on the outlet D is provided. The fire-extinguishing water spraying device 11B includes a header 15 connected to the header H via a selection valve V, a pump 14 for sending fire-extinguishing water to the piping 15 at a high pressure, and a water storage tank 13 for supplying the fire-extinguishing water to the pump 14. It is configured. The selection valve V is controlled to be opened and closed by the control device 9.
For example, the fire extinguishing water spraying device 11B is provided with a header H branched from the pipe 15 via the selection valve V around the indoor side of the outlet D for exiting the vehicle. There are provided a number of spray nozzles 16B for spraying fire-extinguishing water so that a water curtain is formed in a rectangular tube shape from the inside to the outside along the four sides of the outlet. If comprised in this way, a passenger's evacuation route will be ensured without being attacked by an external flame as soon as a passenger leaves the exit D by being protected by a water curtain.
In the event of a fire or accident, when the evacuating passenger opens the exit D, for example, the selection valve V opens and the pump 14 starts in conjunction with the opening of the exit D by a manual emergency opening mechanism of the exit D. The high-pressure fire extinguishing water supplied from the pump 14 may be sprayed from the injection nozzle 16B toward the outlet D.
In addition, although the injection nozzle 16B of the said header H may be one and the arrangement | positioning of the header H was also provided in the exit D, it may be provided in any of the outer wall near the exit D, or the edge of the exit D. May be other than the above. In short, when there is a flame that attacks the exit from the outside, the header H may be arranged and sprayed so that the flame is repelled by the sprayed airflow along with the fog.
Further, for example, the selection valve V may be manually opened / closed instead of interlocking with the outlet D. The injection nozzle 16B may be an injection nozzle with a manual selection valve V attached to the tip of a hose connected to the pipe 15 instead of a fixed pipe. The spray nozzle may be a variable spray nozzle that can freely change the vertical angle of the fan or cone, that is, the spray angle. If it does in this way, the present person will draw out a hose as needed, can use jet nozzle 16B, and fire-extinguishing water is not wasted.
Moreover, the disaster prevention equipment of the present invention is an evacuation room R provided with a cooling device C connected to the passenger compartment 2 and having an exit D to the outside. For example, the cooling device C is provided in the pipe 15 and forms a ceiling surface of the evacuation chamber R. The wall of the evacuation room R may have a fireproof and heat insulating wall structure, and a fireproof water retaining material such as glass wool may be attached to the outer wall. The fire extinguishing water as the heated cooling water may be cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air.
In the event of a fire, passengers are evacuated to the evacuation room R, waiting for the high-speed vehicle to reach the nearest stop, or waiting for the high-speed vehicle to be rescued without being able to move outside When the crew member operates the operation panel 9A and activates the cooling device C as necessary, the normal temperature rise in the evacuation chamber R can be avoided. Since the cooling device C is a circulation type, the fire extinguishing water for cooling is not consumed except for evaporation.
If the evacuation room R is only covered with a refractory heat insulating material, the evacuation room will approach the external temperature over time when exposed to high temperatures for a long time, but if the evacuation room R is cooled by a cooling device, The temperature rise can be avoided and the safety of passengers in the waiting evacuation room R can be ensured for a long time.
In addition, you may make it return fire extinguishing water in the wall of the evacuation room R as another cooling device.
Further, the circulation device 12 and the fire-extinguishing water spray device 11 may be provided for each vehicle or each passenger compartment 2.
[0026]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. In FIG. 1, when smoke, abnormal heat, gas, or the like is generated from the fire prevention object S, the fire sensor 5 detects a fire from the fire prevention object S and transmits an alarm signal. When the notification signal is sent to the control device 9, the control device 9 displays the video of the TV camera 6 that is monitoring the fire prevention object S on the TV monitor 7 provided on the ceiling portion in the traveling direction of all the passenger compartments 2. . At this time, the control device 9 displays the image of the detection site of the fire sensor 5 on the TV monitors 7 in all passenger compartments, regardless of whether the fire place is outside or inside, so that all passengers can quickly detect the situation including false alarms. Knowing exactly, the person in charge at the time of fire can immediately take necessary measures such as fire fighting without explaining the situation.
In addition, when the control device 9 selectively notifies not all passenger compartments but some passenger compartments with a TV monitor, when the fire place is outside the vehicle 1, the passenger room closest to the fire place and the When the fire place is inside the vehicle 1, the image of the detection site is displayed on the TV monitor 7 of the passenger room closest to the fire place and the TV monitor 7 of the adjacent passenger room when the fire place is inside the vehicle 1. Unnecessary confusion for passengers in other passenger cabins can be avoided, and the person responsible for responding to a fire can be taken immediately without explaining the situation.
The fire is confirmed by the crew through the TV monitor 7. At this time, on the operation panel 9A, for example, simultaneously with the reception of the notification signal of the control device 9, the control device 9 sounds a fire alarm buzzer and displays the notification location. . If the crew member determines that it is necessary, for example, a fire water spray area selection switch (not shown) on the operation panel 9A is pushed so that the injection nozzle 16 near the alarm fire sensor 5 is opened, and a fire start switch (not shown) is turned on. When operated, the control device 9 starts the fire extinguishing water spraying device 11.
When the fire-extinguishing water spraying device 11 is started, the pump 14 sucks fire-extinguishing water from the water storage tank 13 and supplies it to the pipe 15 at a high pressure. The fire-extinguishing water supplied to the pipe 15 at a high pressure runs through the pipe 15 provided from the front to the rear in the traveling direction in the passenger compartment 2 along the ceiling outside the ceiling portion of the passenger compartment 2. Fire extinguishing water that has spread throughout the piping 15 is directed to a predetermined range or all within the passenger compartment 2 from the injection nozzle 16 that is provided at a predetermined interval from the front to the rear in the traveling direction of the passenger compartment 2 of the piping 15. The fire-extinguishing water is sprayed to a predetermined range or all locations in the passenger compartment 2.
Fire extinguishing water sprayed at all locations in the passenger compartment 2 is collected in grooves provided on the left and right sides of the floor that are slightly lower than the center of the inner floor of the passenger compartment 2. Since this groove is gradually deeper from the rear in the traveling direction to the front, and is connected to the water storage tank 13 in the front in the traveling direction, the fire extinguishing water collected in the groove is collected again in the water storage tank 13. In this way, the fire extinguishing water is referred to as the water storage tank 13, the pump 14, the pipe 15, the injection nozzle 16, the grooves (not shown) provided in the passenger compartment 2 and the right and left floor portions of the passenger compartment 2, and the water tank 13 again. Circulate like so. Therefore, the water in the water storage tank 13 provided in a limited space in the lower floor of the operation control room 10 in front of the traveling direction of the high-speed vehicle 1 can be used effectively.
When a fire breaks out in the passenger compartment 2, the passenger compartment 2 is provided with the injection nozzle 16 for spraying fire-extinguishing water in the passage leading to the evacuation port, that is, the evacuation route. The flame in the passage leading to is extinguished or gets wet when passing through this passage, so that even if the flame approaches, the passenger is protected from fire. That is, an evacuation route is ensured and passenger safety is ensured.
If the evacuation chamber R is exposed to flame for a long time after the passenger escapes to the evacuation chamber R, cooling the evacuation chamber R with a cooling device can avoid the temperature rise in the evacuation chamber R, and waits. The safety of passengers in the evacuation room R can be secured for a long time.
Moreover, since the injection nozzle 16B for spraying fire extinguishing water is provided at the exit D, if fire extinguishing water is sprayed toward the exit D from there, the passenger is attacked by an external flame as soon as it exits from the exit D. There will be no evacuation route for passengers.
In the above description, the image of the TV camera 6 is displayed on the TV monitor via the control device 9 when the fire sensor 5 reports, but the control device 9 may not be provided.
Moreover, you may make it use cooling water as fire extinguishing water.
When a gas sensor is used as the fire sensor 5, for example, a carbon monoxide sensor or a carbon dioxide sensor may be used. However, a hydrogen sensor or an aromatic hydrocarbon sensor such as benzene, phthalene, or toluene can be used. . Since an object to be burned at the time of a fire is specified to some extent according to a place where the gas sensor is provided, such as a seat of the chair 8, a gas sensor that senses the combustion generated gas of the flammable substance specified at the place where the gas sensor is installed may be selected. For example, a chlorine sensor or the like may be used if the assumed combustion object is resin-based.
A plurality of types of gas sensors may be provided in order to increase reliability or identify specific gases. For example, the carbon monoxide sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, hydrogen sensor or aromatic hydrocarbon sensor senses all combustion, but the chlorine sensor does not sense tobacco. If a composite gas sensor in which AND is combined with each other, or a nicotine sensor that detects tobacco combustion gas and a hydrogen sensor are placed side by side, it is possible to distinguish between a cigarette and a fire in a smoking area.
When a gas sensor is selected as described above, it is possible to detect the combustion products of specific combustibles in the passenger compartment, and to distinguish between cigarettes and fire, so there are few false alarms. can get.
[0027]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
Different embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0028]
Also in the present embodiment, a vehicle such as a hovercraft is adopted as the vehicle 1 to which the disaster prevention equipment of the present invention can be applied.
[0029]
In FIG. 2, the disaster prevention facility of the present embodiment is activated by a notification signal from the fire sensor 5 associated with the fire prevention object S, and foams and discharges the high expansion foam extinguishing agent, and the foam wall W of the extinguishing agent. A highly expanded foam generating device G is provided.
The high expansion bubble generator G is installed at the center of the ceiling of the passenger compartment 2 of the high-speed vehicle 1 with the foam outlet facing the passenger compartment 2. Further, a highly expanded foam stock solution tank 17 is provided, for example, adjacent to the pump 14 provided adjacent to the operation control room 10 floor lower water storage tank 13 in front of the high speed vehicle 1 in the traveling direction. Between the pump 14 and the high expansion foam stock solution tank 17, a foam stock solution mixing device 18 for mixing the water in the water storage tank 13 and the foam stock solution in the high expansion foam stock solution tank 17 is provided. The solution mixed by the foam stock solution mixing device 18 is sent to the high expansion bubble generating device G by the momentum of the high-pressure water supplied from the pump 14. Further, between the foam stock solution mixing device 18 and the high expansion foam generating device G, a pipe is provided that is connected to the ceiling portion of the passenger compartment 2 and connects them. The high-expansion foam generator G has a plurality of nozzles inside, and blows the foam generated toward the passenger compartment 2 from the foam outlet by blowing the sent mixed solution against a foam net (not shown). To do.
The foam ejected to the central part of the passenger compartment 2 forms a fire-proof and smoke-proof wall W of the high expansion foam extinguishing agent, and partitions the passenger compartment 2 at the central part. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the flame and smoke from diffusing into the other retreating section, and a person who has escaped can escape to the retreating section without passing through the bubbles and invading the smoke. Naturally, the foam is harmless to the human body, has little water loss, and is translucent. Therefore, it is easy to judge the correspondence because the presence of a person in the foam and the general state of the fire on the fire point side can be understood.
Further, when a fire is generated below the high expansion bubble generator, the fire is extinguished by the fire extinguishing action of the generated high expansion bubbles.
In addition to the above-described high-expansion bubble generator, a curtain for regulating the thickness of the high-expansion bubble may be lowered before and after the high-expansion bubble generator. In this way, high expansion bubbles accumulate between the two curtains, and the space between the ceiling and the floor is quickly blocked with bubbles, so that smoke does not pass through. Or you may make it use a smoke-proof dripping wall together in addition to said high expansion | swelling foam generator.
In addition, although the example of the high expansion | swelling foam generator G was shown as a smoke barrier formation apparatus above, instead of this, the smoke proof which drops a fireproof smokeproof sheet from a passenger ceiling to a floor at the time of a fire, and divides a passenger compartment A wall forming apparatus may be used. If the smoke-proof sheet is transparent or translucent, the situation on the other side can be understood, and the correspondence can be easily judged. You may make it improve fire resistance and heat insulation by spraying a smoke-proof sheet | seat as needed.
In addition, although the passenger compartment is divided into two by the smoke barrier forming apparatus in the above embodiment, it may be divided into three or more sections by using a plurality of smoke barrier forming apparatuses. In that case, you may provide the fire sensor 5 which has an address for every division. In addition, the fire sensor 5 may have no address, and a line may be provided for each section so that the fire location can be known.
In the above embodiment, the operation of the high expansion foam generating device G, which is a smoke barrier forming device, is linked to the fire sensor 5, but the smoke barrier is formed by the control signal of the control device 9 without being linked. The device may be activated.
[0030]
The disaster prevention facility according to the present embodiment includes a fire extinguishing gas device 19. The fire extinguishing gas device 19 includes a fire extinguishing gas cylinder 20, selection valves 21 and 22, and gas nozzles 23 and 24. For example, the fire extinguishing gas cylinder 20 is provided below the center floor of the passenger compartment 2, and the control device 9 receives an alarm signal transmitted from the fire sensor 5 when a fire is detected, and from the control device 9 through human judgment. Fire extinguishing gas is ejected by the control signal sent.
The fire detector 5a, the selection valve 21, and the gas nozzle 23 are in a correspondence relationship, and the fire detector 5b, the selection valve 22 and the gas nozzle 24 are in a correspondence relationship.
Select valves 21 and 22 are provided in the vicinity of the ejection port of the fire-extinguishing gas cylinder 20 and can be opened and closed by a control signal sent from the control device 9, and only one of them opens to allow the fire-extinguishing gas to pass through. Gas nozzles 23 and 24 having openings toward the inside of the passenger compartment 2 are provided at the lower front floor portion in the traveling direction and the lower rear floor portion in the traveling direction of the passenger compartment 2, and the fire extinguishing gas that has passed through the selection valves 21 and 22 is taken in. It spouts into the chamber 2. The fire extinguishing gas cylinder 20, the selection valves 21 and 22, and the gas nozzles 23 and 24 are connected by gas piping at the lower part of the passenger compartment 2. Accordingly, when the fire sensor 5a detects that a fire has occurred in front of the passenger compartment 2 in the traveling direction, the control device 9 receives a notification signal transmitted from the fire sensor 5a, so that the fire place is displayed on the operation panel 9A. Is done. After confirming and judging the crew, the smoke-proof wall forming device is activated on the operation panel 9A to form a smoke-proof wall, and that the passengers in the fire compartment 2 have moved to the evacuation section through the smoke-proof wall. After confirming with a monitor etc., gas fire extinguishing execution is operated with the operation panel 9A. Then, according to the control signal sent from the control device 9, the fire extinguishing gas cylinder 20 ejects the fire extinguishing gas, opens the selection valve 21 and closes the selection valve 22, so that the fire extinguishing gas is ejected from the gas nozzle 23 and the traveling direction of the passenger compartment 2 Extinguish the fire ahead. Further, when the fire sensor 5b detects that a fire has occurred in the rearward direction of the passenger compartment 2, the control device 9 receives an alarm signal transmitted from the fire sensor 5b, and from the control device 9 through the crew member's judgment. The fire extinguishing gas cylinder 20 spouts the fire extinguishing gas by the control signal sent, opens the selection valve 22 and closes the selection valve 21, so that the fire extinguishing gas is ejected from the gas nozzle 24 and extinguishes the fire behind the traveling direction of the passenger compartment 2. .
After the smoke barrier formation device is activated and the smoke barrier is formed, the fire extinguishing gas is ejected to reduce the gas dilution and to efficiently and quickly extinguish the fire, and to form a smoke barrier that does not leak gas And even if the vehicle has only one passenger compartment, not only smoke but also harmful substances such as fire extinguishing gas and fire extinguishing reaction products can ensure the safety of passengers evacuating through the smoke barrier .
[0031]
The disaster prevention equipment of the present embodiment is a passenger on the opposite side to the fire point side defined by a smoke barrier such as a highly expanded foam extinguishing agent formed by a smoke prevention device provided in the center of the passenger compartment 2 A differential pressure device 25 for making the evacuation side positive is provided. The differential pressure device 25 includes an electric on-off valve 30 that governs the flow of air between the duct 26, the duct 27, the duct 28, and the duct 29 provided in the ceiling portion of the high-speed vehicle 1 and the inside of each duct and the passenger compartment 2. The electric on-off valve 31, the electric on-off valve 32, and the electric on-off valve 33 are configured. The duct 26 has an external opening directed leeward on the ceiling of the passenger compartment 2 at the front in the traveling direction, and the duct 27 is slightly closer to the front ceiling than the smoke barrier forming device provided in the center of the ceiling of the passenger compartment 2. The external opening is provided with the windward side. Further, a passage connecting the duct 26 and the interior of the passenger compartment 2 and the electric opening / closing valve 30 are directly below the duct 26, and a passage connecting the duct 27 and the interior of the passenger compartment 2 are directly below the duct 27 and the electric opening / closing valve 31. Is provided.
Further, the duct 28 has an external opening directed leeward to the ceiling part slightly rearward of the smoke barrier forming device provided in the center of the ceiling of the passenger compartment 2, and the duct 29 is the ceiling of the passenger compartment 2 at the rear part in the traveling direction. The part is provided with the external opening facing upwind. Further, a passage connecting the duct 28 and the inside of the passenger compartment 2 and the electric on-off valve 32 are directly below the duct 28, and a passage connecting the duct 29 and the inside of the passenger compartment 2 and an electric on-off valve 33 are respectively right below the duct 29. Is provided.
The ducts 27 and 29 receive airflow generated by the traveling of the vehicle and open the electric on-off valves 31 and 33, respectively, so that the air outside the vehicle can be put into the passenger compartment 2, but the air inside the passenger compartment 2 is brought outside the vehicle. It cannot be put out. The ducts 26 and 28 receive airflow generated by the traveling of the vehicle and open the electric on-off valves 30 and 32, respectively, so that the air in the passenger compartment 2 can be taken out of the vehicle. It cannot be put inside.
When a fire occurs in the passenger compartment 2, first, as described above, the fire expansion side of the high expansion foam fire extinguishing agent formed at the center of the passenger compartment 2 by the high expansion foam generator G and the opposite side It is divided into. When a fire has occurred in the compartment in the forward direction of the passenger compartment 2, when the electric on-off valves 27 and 28 are closed and the electric on-off valve 33 is opened, the duct 29 is placed behind the smoke barrier of the passenger compartment 2. The outside air enters and the side opposite to the fire point side, that is, the rear compartment in the traveling direction is pressurized, and the positive pressure can be made higher than the front compartment in the traveling direction on the fire point side. Therefore, the smoke on the side of the fire point does not reach the compartment behind the positive direction in the traveling direction, and passenger safety can be ensured. At this time, if the electric on-off valve 30 is opened, smoke generated in the ignition point side passenger compartment 2 can be taken out of the vehicle via the duct 26.
In addition, when a fire occurs in the rearward compartment of the passenger compartment 2, the electric on-off valves 30 and 33 are closed and the electric on-off valve 31 is opened, so that the smoke barrier of the passenger compartment 2 through the duct 27. The outside air enters the front side of the gas and the side opposite to the fire point side, that is, the front section in the traveling direction is pressurized, so that the positive pressure can be made higher than the fire point side. Therefore, the smoke at the side of the fire point does not reach the section ahead of the traveling direction that has been made positive pressure, and passenger safety can be ensured. At this time, if the electric on-off valve 32 is opened, smoke generated in the ignition point side passenger compartment 2 can be taken out of the vehicle via the duct 28.
In the above, a method was described in which a positive pressure is applied to the rear or front section in the direction of travel opposite to the passenger compartment 2 where the fire has occurred with the smoke barrier as a boundary. For example, by reducing the pressure on the fire occurrence side, The other compartment can be positive with respect to one compartment. Furthermore, even if the method of depressurizing the fire occurrence section and pressurizing the opposite section is used, the other section can be made positive with respect to one section.
In the above embodiment, the air supply mechanism of the ducts 27 and 29 and the exhaust mechanism of the ducts 26 and 28 are simply realized by the orientation of the ducts. A fan may be provided, and in this case, even when the vehicle is stopped, one of them can be set to a positive pressure as described above. In addition, the air supply / exhaust ducts may be provided on the front side and the rear side in the traveling direction of the passenger compartment 2 without dividing the air supply / exhaust ducts.
[0032]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0033]
When a fire has occurred in the forward direction of the passenger compartment 2, when the alarm signal from the fire sensor 5 a associated with the fire protection object S is sent to the control device 9, the foam stock solution mixing device is in response to a command from the control device 9. In 18, the water in the storage tank 13 is sent from the pump 14 and the highly expanded foam concentrate from the highly expanded foam concentrate tank 17, and these two liquids are mixed. The mixed liquid is sent to the high expansion bubble generating device G by the momentum of the high-pressure water supplied from the pump 14. The mixed liquid sent to the high expansion bubble generator G is foamed by the high expansion bubble generator G and is ejected from the foam outlet to the center of the passenger compartment 2. The foam ejected to the central part of the passenger compartment 2 forms a smoke-proof wall W of a highly expanded foam extinguishing agent, and partitions the passenger compartment 2 at the central part. In this case, since a fire has occurred in the forward direction of the passenger compartment 2, the rearward direction of the passenger compartment 2 serves as a retreat section, and the smoke barrier W can prevent smoke from diffusing into the retreat section. Further, if the control device 9 receives the alarm signal transmitted from the fire sensor 5a and there is a control signal of a fire extinguishing command sent from the control device 9 through the crew's judgment, the fire extinguishing gas cylinder 20 blows out the fire extinguishing gas, Since the selection valve 21 is opened and the selection valve 22 is closed, the fire extinguishing gas is ejected from the gas nozzle 23 and extinguishes the fire ahead of the passenger compartment 2 in the traveling direction. Further, the control device 9 receives the alarm signal transmitted from the fire sensor 5a, and the differential pressure device 25 is activated by the control signal sent from the control device 9 through the judgment of the crew, and the electric on-off valves 27, 28, By closing 30 and opening the electric on-off valve 33, air outside the vehicle is put into the passenger compartment 2, and is defined by a smoke expansion wall W of a high expansion foam fire extinguishing agent formed at the center of the passenger compartment 2. The passenger evacuation side opposite to the fire point F side, in this case, the rear of the passenger compartment 2 in the traveling direction can be set to a positive pressure. Therefore, the retreat section on the opposite side of the fire point F across the smoke barrier prevents the intrusion of smoke by the smoke barrier formed by the high expansion bubble generating device G, and the fire pressure F by the differential pressure device 25. Therefore, smoke does not invade because it is made positive pressure. Moreover, since the fire point F is extinguished by the fire extinguishing gas cylinder 20, the safety of the passenger is ensured. In the above description, the electric on-off valve 30 is closed together with the electric on-off valves 27 and 28. However, when the electric on-off valve 33 is opened together with the electric on-off valve 33, the rear of the passenger compartment 2 in the traveling direction is not only positive pressure but also the passenger compartment. The air containing the smoke of 2 can also be exhausted, and the harm of the smoke is reduced, and it is convenient for the person on the fire point F side to easily perform fire fighting and evacuation.
[0034]
When a fire occurs in the rearward direction of the passenger compartment 2, the high expansion foam generator G blows out a foam of a high expansion foam extinguishing agent at the center of the passenger compartment 2 to form a smoke barrier, and the passenger compartment 2 is located in the center. Divide by part. In this case, since a fire has occurred in the rearward direction of the passenger compartment 2, the front of the passenger compartment 2 in the forward direction is a retreating section, and the control device 9 receives a notification signal transmitted from the fire sensor 5b. Thereafter, if there is a fire extinguishing command control signal sent from the control device 9, the fire extinguishing gas cylinder 20 spouts the fire extinguishing gas, opens the selection valve 22, and closes the selection valve 21, so that the fire extinguishing gas is ejected from the gas nozzle 24, and the passenger compartment Extinguish the fire behind 2 in the direction of travel. Further, when the control device 9 receives the alarm signal transmitted from the fire sensor 5b, the differential pressure device 25 is activated by the control signal sent from the control device 9, the electric open / close valves 30, 32, 33 are closed, By opening the on-off valve 31, air outside the vehicle is put into the passenger compartment 2, so that the fire point side defined by the smoke expansion wall of the high expansion foam fire extinguisher formed in the center of the passenger compartment 2 The passenger evacuation side on the opposite side, in this case, the forward direction of the passenger compartment 2 can be made positive. Therefore, the retreat section on the opposite side of the fire point across the smoke barrier prevents the intrusion of smoke by the smoke barrier formed by the high expansion bubble generating device 16, and is positive with respect to the fire point by the differential pressure device 25. Smoke does not enter because it is pressurized. Further, since the fire point is extinguished by the fire extinguishing gas cylinder 20, the safety of passengers is ensured.
In addition, in the above, the timing which makes a fire point side a negative pressure and makes a evacuation side a positive pressure is good to implement before fire extinguishing gas discharge | release. By doing so, the fire point side does not become a positive pressure with respect to the retreating section side due to the discharge of the fire extinguishing gas, and no harmful smoke or the like is blown from the gap of the smoke barrier.
[0035]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
In FIG. 3, a different embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0036]
In the present embodiment, the vehicle to which the disaster prevention facility of the present invention can be applied has a plurality of vehicles, each vehicle adopts a high-speed vehicle having a passenger compartment, and the passenger compartment 34, the passenger compartment 35, and the passenger compartment from the front in the traveling direction. Although the room 36 is provided, a plurality of passenger compartments may be provided after the passenger compartment 36. Between each passenger compartment 34,35,36 or each vehicle T, the door D3 which keeps airtight at the time of closure is provided.
[0037]
The disaster prevention facility of this embodiment includes a differential pressure device 80. The differential pressure device 80 includes a duct 37, a duct 39, and a duct 41 provided on the ceiling of each passenger compartment, that is, a duct for pressure reduction, a duct 38, a duct 40, and a duct 42, that is, a pressure duct, respectively. The duct electric on-off valve 43, the electric on-off valve 45, and the electric on-off valve 47 that control the flow of air between the duct and the passenger compartment, that is, the electric on-off valve for pressure reduction, the electric on-off valve 44, the electric on-off valve 46, and the electric motor The on-off valve 48, that is, an electric on-off valve for pressurization, a barometer 49, a barometer 50 and a barometer 51 associated with each electric on-off valve, and the control device 9 are configured. The duct 37 has the external opening directed leeward to the ceiling portion in the forward direction of the passenger compartment 34, and the duct 38 has the external opening directed upward to the ceiling portion in the rearward direction of the passenger compartment 34. Is provided. Further, a passage connecting the duct 37 and the inside of the passenger compartment 34 and the electric opening / closing valve 43 are directly below the duct 37, and a passage connecting the duct 38 and the inside of the passenger compartment 34 are respectively right below the duct 38 and the electric opening / closing valve 44. Is provided.
Further, the duct 39 has an external opening facing the leeward in the ceiling portion in the forward direction of the passenger compartment 35, and the duct 40 has the external opening in the ceiling portion in the rearward direction of the passenger compartment 34 in the windward direction. It is provided for. A passage connecting the duct 39 and the interior of the passenger compartment 35 and the electric opening / closing valve 45 are directly below the duct 39, and a passage connecting the duct 40 and the interior of the passenger compartment 35 are respectively right below the duct 40 and the electric opening / closing valve 46. Is provided.
Further, the duct 41 has an external opening facing the leeward in the ceiling portion of the front part in the traveling direction of the passenger compartment 36, and the duct 42 has the outer opening in the ceiling part in the rearward direction of the passenger compartment 36 in the windward direction. It is provided for. Further, a passage connecting the duct 41 and the interior of the passenger compartment 36 and an electric on-off valve 47 are directly below the duct 41, and a passage connecting the duct 42 and the interior of the passenger compartment 36 are respectively right below the duct 42 and an electric on-off valve 48. Is provided.
The ducts 38, 40, 42 receive airflow generated by the traveling of the vehicle and open the electric on-off valves 44, 46, 48 to allow air outside the vehicle to enter the passenger compartments 34, 35, 36, respectively. The air in the passenger compartments 34, 35, 36 cannot be taken out of the vehicle. Further, the ducts 37, 39, and 41 are sucked by the air flow generated by the traveling of the vehicle and open the electric on-off valves 43, 45, and 47, respectively, so that the air in the passenger compartments 34, 35, and 36 is taken out of the vehicle, respectively. Although it is possible, air outside the vehicle cannot enter the passenger compartments 34, 35, 36. Further, the barometer 49 is on the ceiling portion behind the traveling direction of the passenger compartment 34, the barometer 50 is on the ceiling portion forward of the passenger compartment 35 in the traveling direction, and the barometer 51 is on the ceiling portion behind the traveling direction of the passenger compartment 36, respectively. It is provided and measures the atmospheric pressure in each passenger compartment at all times. All of these ducts, the electric on-off valve, and the barometer are electrically coupled to the control device 9 provided in the lower part of the floor of the operation control room 10 in front of the passenger compartment 34 in the traveling direction.
A necessary number of fire sensors 5 are provided on the ceiling or wall of each passenger compartment and are connected to a control device 9 having a fire receiver function. The fire sensor 5 should be provided with an address corresponding to the passenger compartment, or connected to a line laid in each passenger compartment, so that the location of the fire can be detected by the alarm signal of the fire sensor 5 To do.
When the fire sensor is provided with an address, when the control device 9 receives the alarm signal including the address from the fire sensor 5, the control device 9 sets an electric on-off valve for pressure reduction to lower the pressure in the passenger compartment corresponding to the address. A control signal is sent to the corresponding electric on / off valve to close the open / close electric open / close valve to release the air in the fire chamber to the outside of the vehicle, and at the same time to reduce the pressure in the passenger compartment other than the fire chamber or in the passenger compartment other than the fire chamber A control signal is sent to the corresponding electric on-off valve to close the electric on-off valve and open the electric on-off valve for pressurization, and air from outside the vehicle is introduced into the room other than the fire chamber. If there is no traffic, the door D is always closed.
Except for ventilation, both the on-off valves for pressurization and decompression in the same section are not opened.
Then, the control device 9 monitors the measured values of the barometers 49, 50, 51 in the passenger compartments 34, 35, 36, and the control device 9 determines that the pressure in the fire chamber has reached a reduced pressure setting pressure that is lower than normal. When recognized, the control device 9 gives a command to close all the electric on-off valves in the fire chamber. Further, when the control device 9 recognizes that the pressure in the passenger compartment other than the fire chamber has reached the set pressure set in the passenger compartment other than the fire chamber, the control device 9 Command to close all electric on-off valves in the passenger compartment.
If, for some reason, the pressure in the fire chamber becomes higher than the set pressure for decompression, the control device 9 gives an instruction to open only the electric on-off valve for pressure reduction in the fire chamber. Gives a command to open only the electric on-off valve.
Similarly, if for some reason the atmospheric pressure inside the passenger compartment other than the fire compartment becomes higher than the set pressure, the control device 9 gives a command to open only the electric on-off valve for decompression of the passenger compartment other than the fire compartment. If it becomes lower, a command is given to open only the electric on-off valves for pressurization of passenger compartments other than the fire compartment.
As described above, the control device 9 controls so that the fire chamber is maintained at the reduced pressure setting pressure, and the pressure inside the passenger compartment other than the fire chamber is maintained at the pressurization set pressure. Is kept at a positive pressure against the fire chamber.
It should be noted that the passenger compartment other than the fire chamber may be kept at a positive pressure with respect to the fire chamber by a method other than the above. For example, only the fire chamber may be controlled to reduce pressure, or the differential pressure between adjacent passenger compartments may be monitored and controlled. Also, instead of keeping all the passenger compartments except the fire compartment at a positive pressure with respect to the fire compartment, at least the adjacent passenger compartments should be kept at a positive pressure with respect to the fire compartment via the doors of the fire compartment. Also good.
Here, for example, when a fire occurs in the compartment 35 of the passenger compartment 35, the electric on-off valves 46, 43, 47 are closed, and the electric on-off valves 44, 48 are opened, whereby the passenger compartment 34, External air enters 36 and the compartments on both sides of the fire point compartment are pressurized, and the compartments on both sides of the fire point compartment can be made positive. Therefore, the smoke at the side of the fire point does not reach the section ahead of the traveling direction that has been made positive pressure, and passenger safety can be ensured. At this time, if the electric on-off valve 45 is opened, smoke generated in the ignition point side passenger compartment 35 can be taken out of the vehicle via the duct 39.
In the above, the method of pressurizing the compartment of the passenger compartment adjacent to the passenger compartment 35 where the fire has occurred to positive pressure with the door D3 between the passenger compartments 34 and 36 adjacent to the passenger compartment 35 as a boundary is shown. However, for example, by reducing the pressure on the fire occurrence side, the other compartment can be made positive with respect to the one compartment. Furthermore, even if the method of depressurizing the fire occurrence section and pressurizing the opposite section is used, the other section can be made positive with respect to one section.
In the differential pressure device of the above embodiment, the air supply mechanism of the ducts 38, 40, 42 and the exhaust mechanism of the ducts 37, 39, 41 are realized simply by the direction of the duct and the electric on-off valve. An air supply fan may be provided at 40 and 42, and an exhaust fan may be provided at the ducts 37, 39 and 41. In this case, even when the vehicle is stopped, any section can be set to positive pressure or negative pressure as described above. Further, the ducts 34, 35, and 36 may be provided with one or a plurality of differential pressure devices each serving as a duct for both supply and exhaust with a fan, without dividing the duct into an air supply and an exhaust.
In addition, the above-described differential pressure device is provided in a section partitioned by an openable / closable partition wall such as a door other than the passenger compartment, such as a machine room or a storage room, and any section is set to a positive pressure or a negative pressure. Also good. In this way, by making the fire place, that is, the section adjacent to the fire section at a positive pressure with respect to the fire place, smoke and toxic gas do not enter the adjacent section, and the spread of fire spread is also suppressed.
[0038]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that a fire has occurred in the passenger compartment 35.
[0039]
When a notification signal from the fire sensor 5 in the passenger compartment 35 is sent to the control device 9, the electric open / close valve 45 for pressure reduction is opened and the electric open / close valve 46 for pressurization is closed by a command from the control device 9. Therefore, the duct 39 can release the air in the passenger compartment 35 to the outside of the vehicle, but the air outside the vehicle does not enter the passenger compartment 35 from the duct 40, and the air pressure in the passenger compartment 35 is lowered from the normal state. When the control device 9 recognizes that the measured value of the barometer 50 in the ignition cabin 35 has reached the reduced pressure setting atmospheric pressure, the control device 9 controls the electric on-off valves 45 and 46 for decompressing and pressurizing the ignition cabin 35. Give a command to close.
If, for some reason, the atmospheric pressure in the fire ignition compartment 35 becomes higher than the decompression set atmospheric pressure, the control device 9 gives an instruction to the electric on / off valves 45, 46 of the fire ignition compartment 35 and turns on only the electric on / off valve 45 for decompression. On the contrary, if the pressure in the fire-ride compartment 35 is lower than the set pressure reduction pressure, a command is given to the electric on-off valves 45 and 46 of the fire-ride compartment 35 so that only the pressurization open / close valve 46 is opened.
At the same time, in response to a command from the control device 9, the pressurization electric on-off valve 44 provided in the ceiling portion of the passenger compartment 34, which is the next room ahead in the traveling direction of the passenger compartment 35, opens, and the pressure-reduction electric on-off valve 43. Close. Accordingly, air outside the vehicle can enter the passenger compartment 34 from the duct 38, but air in the passenger compartment 34 does not exit the vehicle from the duct 37, and the pressure inside the passenger compartment 34 rises from the normal state. When the control device 9 recognizes that the measured value of the barometer 49 in the passenger compartment 34 has reached the pressurization set atmospheric pressure, the controller 9 uses the electric on-off valves 43 and 44 for decompressing and pressurizing the passenger compartment 34. Give a command to close.
If, for some reason, the pressure in the passenger compartment 34 becomes higher than the pressurization set atmospheric pressure, the control device 9 gives an instruction to the electric on-off valves 43 and 44 of the passenger compartment 34 and opens only the electric on-off valve 43 for pressure reduction. On the other hand, if the air pressure in the passenger compartment 34 becomes lower than the pressurization set atmospheric pressure, an instruction is given to the electric on-off valves 43 and 44 in the passenger compartment 34 to open only the electric on-off valve 44 for pressurization.
Similarly, in response to a command from the control device 9, the electric open / close valve 42 for pressurization provided in the ceiling portion of the passenger compartment 36, which is an adjacent room behind the passenger compartment 35, is opened, and the electric open / close valve 41 for decompression is close. Accordingly, air outside the vehicle can enter the passenger compartment 36 from the duct 42, but air in the passenger compartment 36 does not exit the passenger compartment from the duct 41, and the pressure inside the passenger compartment 36 rises from the normal state. When the control device 9 recognizes that the measured value of the barometer 51 in the passenger compartment 36 has reached the pressurization set atmospheric pressure, the controller 9 uses the electric on-off valves 47 and 48 for decompressing and pressurizing the passenger compartment 36. Give a command to close.
If for some reason, the atmospheric pressure in the passenger compartment 36 becomes higher than the pressurization set atmospheric pressure, the control device 9 gives an instruction to the electric on-off valves 47 and 48 of the passenger compartment 36 and opens only the electric on-off valve 47 for pressure reduction. On the contrary, if the air pressure in the passenger compartment 36 becomes lower than the pressurization set atmospheric pressure, an instruction is given to the electric on-off valves 47 and 48 in the passenger compartment 36 to open only the electric on-off valve 48 for pressurization.
Accordingly, the adjacent rooms 34 and 36 of the passenger compartment 35 that are the fire point are positive pressure with respect to the passenger compartment 35. Therefore, when the doors before and after the passenger compartment 35 are opened and evacuated to the adjacent rooms 34 and 36, the flame is positive. It does not reach the adjacent rooms 34 and 36 that have become pressurized, and the spread of fire is prevented, and smoke does not reach the adjacent room that has become positive pressure, so when evacuating to the adjacent room, toxic gases etc. reach the adjacent room even if the door is opened It is possible to protect the passengers from the damage caused by smoke, which has a greater impact than fire and death.
Further, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that a fire has occurred in the passenger compartment 35. However, when a fire has occurred in another passenger compartment, the adjacent room can be similarly set to a positive pressure. Further, the differential pressure device of the present embodiment can be used in combination with the disaster prevention facilities of the first and second embodiments as appropriate.
In the above-described embodiment, the passenger compartment fired by the differential pressure device, that is, the fire chamber, is depressurized and both adjacent chambers are pressurized. However, only the fire chamber may be depressurized. If it does in this way, both adjacent rooms will become a positive pressure with respect to a fire chamber relatively. Moreover, you may pressurize chambers other than a fire chamber, and you may make a passenger compartment etc. other than a fire chamber into a positive pressure with respect to a fire chamber relatively. Moreover, only the room (adjacent room) adjacent to the fire room may be positive pressure with respect to the fire room.
The differential pressure device may be provided not only in the passenger compartment in which people are present, but also in all the spaces to be partitioned in an emergency such as a machine room, a storeroom, or the smoke-proof forming device. . In this case, it is needless to say that the above adjacent relationship is applied not only to a room but also to a partitioned space. Further, the differential pressure device is not limited to the above configuration, and any differential pressure device having a mechanism having the same function may be used.
In order to prevent smoke and the like from reaching the adjacent room, it is sufficient to make at least only the partitioned space adjacent to the fire place positive with respect to the fire place by the differential pressure device as described above.
As for the positive pressure forming method, rather than pressurizing the adjacent room, the method of sucking (exhausting) the air in the fire place with the differential pressure device also serves as exhausting smoke such as smoke, which is more preferable for passenger safety. .
[0040]
Embodiment 4 FIG.
Similarly, in FIG. 3, a different embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0041]
In the present embodiment, the differential pressure device 80 of the third embodiment is also attached to the operation control chamber 10 in the forward direction of the passenger compartment 34, and the operation control chamber 10 is an evacuation chamber from the passenger compartment 34 through the door D1. 52. The operation control room 10 is provided with an exit D2 to the outside of the vehicle. The disaster prevention facility of this embodiment includes a differential pressure device 80. The differential pressure device 80 includes a duct 53 and a duct 54 provided in a ceiling portion of the evacuation chamber 52, and duct electric on-off valves 55 and 56 that govern the flow of air between the respective ducts and the evacuation chamber 52. The The duct 53 is provided in the ceiling portion in the forward direction of the escape chamber 52. The duct 53 has the opening directed rearward in the traveling direction, and the air in the evacuation chamber 52 can be taken out of the vehicle, but the air outside the vehicle cannot be put into the evacuation chamber 52. Further, a passage connecting the duct 53 and the evacuation chamber 52 and an electric opening / closing valve 55 are provided immediately below the duct 53. When the electric opening / closing valve 55 is open, the air in the evacuation chamber 52 can be taken out of the vehicle. The duct 54 is provided in the ceiling portion at the rear of the evacuation chamber 52 in the traveling direction. The duct 54 has the opening directed forward in the traveling direction, and the air in the evacuation chamber 52 can be put into the evacuation chamber 52, but the air in the evacuation chamber 52 cannot be taken out of the vehicle. Further, a passage connecting the duct 54 and the evacuation chamber 52 and an electric opening / closing valve 56 are provided directly below the duct 54. When the electric on-off valve 56 is opened, air outside the vehicle can enter the evacuation chamber 52. Therefore, by closing the electric opening / closing valve 55 and opening the electric opening / closing valve 56, the air outside the vehicle is put into the evacuation chamber 52, so that the evacuation chamber 52 can be made positive with respect to the passenger compartment.
[0042]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. When the alarm signal from the fire sensor 5 is sent to the control device 9, the electric on-off valve 56 is opened and the electric on-off valve 55 is closed by a command from the control device 9. Accordingly, air outside the vehicle enters the evacuation chamber 52 via the duct 54, and the inside of the evacuation chamber 52 is positive with respect to the passenger compartments 34, 35, and 36. Therefore, the smoke of fire generated outside the evacuation room 52 does not enter the evacuation room, and passenger safety can be ensured. The evacuation room 52 has an exit D2 to the outside of the vehicle, and is equipped with a TV monitor that conveys the current situation and necessary information, appropriate lighting, emergency equipment chemicals and oxygen cylinders, and its wall surface and door D1 are made of heat insulating material. The inner wall is a flexible wall, has a grip such as a handrail hanging leather, and may be provided with a chaise longue and a toilet for those who need it.
In the first to fourth embodiments, an alarm signal is sent to the control device via the fire sensor to notify the crew member of the fire, but a transmitter is provided in the passenger compartment instead of the fire sensor, and the button When the passenger presses, an alarm signal may be sent to the control device. When it is received by the control device, the fire location is displayed on the control device, and the crew member determines the situation on a TV monitor or the like, and activates the fire extinguishing device corresponding to the fire location via the control device. If it does in this way, a crew member can be notified without a false report.
Alternatively, when the passenger presses the button on the transmitter provided in the passenger compartment, the control device sends an alarm signal to the crew member to notify the fire via the controller, and the alarm signal is transmitted via the controller or directly. You may make it start the fire extinguishing apparatus of the passenger compartment of a machine. In this way, since the person at the fire site directly extinguishes the fire, it is possible to cope with the fire at an early stage, and at the same time, it is convenient for the crew to be notified of the situation.
Alternatively, a fire extinguisher activation device may be provided in the passenger compartment instead of the transmitter so that a passenger or the like at the fire site can operate the activation device to activate the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire. If it does in this way, it can respond to a fire at an early stage.
Further, the activation device may be provided with not only a fire extinguishing device but also a smoke barrier forming device or a smoke exhaust device activation device in the passenger compartment. In this way, it is operated at the discretion of the person at the site, so an appropriate and quick response can be taken.
[0043]
Embodiment 5 FIG.
4 and 5, different embodiments of the present invention will be described. This embodiment mode can be combined with Embodiment Modes 1 and 4.
[0044]
The disaster prevention facility of the present embodiment includes a stop 57 that stops the high-speed vehicle 1 in which a fire has occurred and guides passengers to the outside of the vehicle safely. The stop 57 is open at a portion corresponding to the entrance of the high-speed vehicle 1. The fire-extinguishing water spraying device 58 that surrounds both sides and the ceiling of the high-speed vehicle 1 with the width of the entrance and exit and sprays the fire-extinguishing water. And a home body 60 that fixes the guide tunnel 59 to the height of the entrance of the high-speed vehicle 1. The
The fire-extinguishing water spraying device 58 has an opening corresponding to the entrance / exit of the high-speed vehicle 1, surrounds both sides and the ceiling of the high-speed vehicle 1 with the width of the entrance / exit, and extinguishes the fire with a predetermined interval around the inner circumference. A water injection nozzle 61 is provided. The fire-extinguishing water jet nozzle 61 is connected to an underground water storage tank 61 and a pump 62 arranged in the basement of the home body 60, and the water in the underground water storage tank 61 is sent to the injection nozzle 61 at a high pressure by the pump 62. The induction tunnel 59 is connected to the opening of the fire extinguishing water spraying device 58 and is fixed to the height of the entrance / exit of the high-speed vehicle 1 by the home body 60.
The induction tunnel 59 injects fire-extinguishing water into the tunnel at a predetermined interval from the injection nozzle 63 that injects fire-extinguishing water over the entire circumference of the opening connection portion of the fire extinguishing water spraying device 58 and the tunnel ceiling. Nozzle 64. The injection nozzle 63 and the injection nozzle 64 are connected to an underground water storage tank 61 and a pump 62 disposed in the basement of the home body 60, and the water in the underground water storage tank 61 is pressurized by the pump 62 at a high pressure. Water is sent to. In addition, the induction tunnel 59 includes a column 65 and a column 66 as a shielding device that generates a magnetic field on both sides of the opening connecting portion of the fire extinguishing water spraying device 58. The pillar 65 and the pillar 66 are connected to a magnetic sensor (not shown). When the magnetic sensor detects magnetism, a command is issued to the pillar 65 and the pillar 66 to generate magnetism that cancels the detected magnetism. Therefore, at the time of evacuation, your iron products will not be injured by flying at the exit of the high-speed vehicle.
The home body 60 has substantially the same length as the high-speed vehicle 1 along the traveling direction of the high-speed vehicle 1, and the guide tunnel 59 is fixed at the height of the entrance / exit of the high-speed vehicle 1. The home main body 60 includes an injection nozzle 67 that injects fire-extinguishing water toward the high-speed vehicle 1 from below the entrance of the high-speed vehicle 1 at a predetermined interval along substantially the entire length of the high-speed vehicle 1. The ejection nozzle 67 is connected to an underground water storage tank 61 and a pump 62 disposed in the basement of the home main body 60, and the water in the underground water storage tank 61 is sent to the injection nozzle 67 at a high pressure by the pump 62. Therefore, when evacuating from the doorway of the high-speed vehicle 1, it is possible to suppress and extinguish a flame that rolls up from the foot.
The disaster prevention facility of this embodiment includes a connected fire extinguishing agent supply facility 68. The connected fire extinguisher supply equipment 68 is disposed on the high-speed vehicle and has an injection nozzle 69 facing the fire prevention target of the high-speed vehicle, a fire-extinguishing agent inlet 70 for supplying the fire-extinguishing agent to the injection nozzle 69 from the outside of the high-speed vehicle, A fire extinguishing agent injecting portion 71 is connected to the agent injecting port 70 and can inject a fire extinguishing agent.
For example, the injection nozzle 69 is provided in the pipe L at a predetermined interval from the front in the traveling direction of the high-speed vehicle 1 to the rear in the traveling direction on the ceiling of the high-speed vehicle 1, and is connected to the base end of the pipe L. The fire extinguisher supplied from the fire extinguisher injection port 70 is ejected into the vehicle. The extinguishing agent injection port 70 is provided, for example, on the side of the high-speed vehicle body approximately at the height of the home main body 60, and the extinguishing agent injection portion 71 is provided in the home main body 60 via a flexible pipe. A pump is provided, and the extinguishing agent is supplied to the injection nozzle 69 through the extinguishing agent inlet 70. Therefore, although the capacity of the extinguishing agent that can be loaded on the high-speed vehicle 1 is limited due to space problems, it is possible to surely extinguish the fire that has occurred by supplying a sufficient extinguishing agent from the outside.
Further, as a connection type fire extinguishing agent supply pipe L, the high speed vehicle 1 is provided with a fire extinguishing agent inlet 70 and a pipe L for each system, such as a passenger compartment piping, an electrical connection subject piping, and a hydraulic system subject piping. If it supplies, an appropriate fire extinguisher can be supplied according to each system.
[0045]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described. When the fired high-speed vehicle 1 stops at the stop 57, the water in the underground water storage tank 61 disposed in the basement of the home body 60 is pumped by the jet nozzle 61 provided in the fire-extinguishing water spraying device 58 and the high-speed vehicle. The injection nozzle 63 directed to the entrance and exit, the injection nozzle 64 that ejects fire-extinguishing water into the induction tunnel 59, and the injection nozzle 67 that ejects fire-extinguishing water toward the high-speed vehicle from the lower side of the entrance and exit of the high-speed vehicle are supplied to the respective injections. Fire extinguishing water is jetted from the nozzle.
Moreover, the pillar 65 and the pillar 66 which generate | occur | produce the magnetic field provided in the opening part connection part both sides of the fire extinguishing water spraying apparatus 58 generate | occur | produce the magnetism which cancels the magnetism detected from the magnetic sensor which is not shown in figure. Passengers can escape from the entrance / exit of the high-speed vehicle through the induction tunnel 59 and evacuate to the outside while safety is ensured from heat and magnetism.
At the same time, the extinguishing agent is sent from the extinguishing agent tank provided in the home body 60 to the extinguishing agent injecting unit 71 by a pump. The extinguishing agent sent to the extinguishing agent injection part 71 is sent from the extinguishing agent injection port 70 on the side surface of the high-speed vehicle body to an injection nozzle 69 provided on the ceiling of the high-speed vehicle 1. A fire is extinguished by injecting a fire extinguishing agent into the vehicle from the injection nozzle 69.
Select a stop suitable for the arrival of the high-speed vehicle in the fire, such as a control tower to monitor the whole so that the fire-fighting high-speed vehicle arrives at the stop immediately after the fire is ready for fire extinguishing and evacuation. The fire extinguishing equipment and evacuation equipment suitable for the type of the high-speed vehicle, the damage and the disaster situation may be operated before arrival, and for example, guided to the disaster stop where water has been sprinkled.
Moreover, in order to be able to connect the extinguishing agent injection part 71 to the extinguishing agent injection port 70 immediately after the high-speed vehicle in fire arrives at the stop, a plurality of extinguishing agent injection parts 71 are provided along the edge of the stop. Also good. Moreover, you may provide the extinguishing agent injection | pouring part 71 at the front-end | tip of the hose wound around the hose reel. Moreover, you may make it connect the extinguishing agent injection | pouring part 71 with which the front-end | tip of the hose was equipped with the extinguishing agent injection port 70 with the self-propelled robot of a self-supporting type or a remote operation. The on-off valve for starting the injection of the extinguishing agent may be provided in the immediate vicinity of the extinguishing agent injecting section and connected so that the connected person opens the valve, or at the disaster prevention center that monitors and manages the whole. You may make it remotely control the on-off valve provided in either.
Further, as a magnetic field shielding device, instead of the above, for example, the induction tunnel itself may be configured by a wall of a ferromagnetic material such as thick iron, in which a magnetic field, an electric field, or an electromagnetic field is shielded or reduced. . It also serves as a protective wall that protects evacuees when vehicles explode.
In addition, although demonstrated as a high-speed vehicle as embodiment, it is not limited to a high-speed vehicle, You may use for a general train, a bus | bath, and a ship.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) A fire sensor associated with a vehicle fire prevention object, a TV camera that monitors the fire prevention object and generates a video signal, and is provided in the vehicle passenger compartment, and is based on the video signal from the TV camera. A TV monitor that displays an image of a fire prevention object, and a control device that displays the associated image of the fire prevention object on the TV monitor in the passenger compartment when receiving a notification signal from the fire sensor; , Passengers can know the situation accurately, including false alarms.
[0047]
(2) A plurality of passenger compartments provided in the vehicle that are partitioned by doors, a fire sensor associated with the vehicle's fire prevention target, and a fire alarm signal from the fire sensor are received to display the fire location. In the event of a fire from outside the vehicle, the fire is reported to the nearest passenger compartment and the passenger compartment behind it, or in the case of a fire from the inside of the vehicle, the nearest passenger compartment and its adjacent passenger compartment. In addition, since the fire receiver for notifying the fire is provided, the passenger can accurately know the situation including the false alarm, and unnecessary confusion of the passenger in the passenger room far from the fire place can be avoided.
[0048]
(3) At least a section adjacent to the fire place is provided with a differential pressure device that makes a positive pressure with respect to the fire place, so that smoke does not enter the adjacent chamber.
[0049]
(4) Since it has a passenger compartment and an evacuation chamber that is adjacent to the passenger compartment via a door and has an exit to the outside and is made positive pressure with respect to the passenger compartment, smoke enters the evacuation chamber. There is nothing.
[0050]
(5) Since the evacuation room can be cooled, passenger safety can be secured for a long time.
[0051]
(6) Since a fire extinguishing water and a fire extinguishing water spraying device that secures an evacuation route by spraying fire extinguishing water in the passage leading to the evacuation exit are provided, passenger safety can be ensured.
[0052]
(7) Since a fire-extinguishing water spraying device that sprays fire-extinguishing water at the exit to ensure an evacuation route is provided, passenger safety can be ensured.
[0053]
(8) A fire extinguishing water spraying device that has a water storage tank for storing water and sprays the water in the water storage tank indoors, and a circulation device that collects the water sprayed by the fire fighting water spraying device and returns it to the water storage tank Therefore, a limited amount of water can be used effectively.
[0054]
(9) Since the passenger compartment and the smoke barrier forming device that forms the smoke barrier that partitions the passenger compartment are provided, smoke can be blocked and passengers in the passenger compartment can be protected from smoke.
[0055]
(10) The vehicle includes a pipe connected to a nozzle facing a fire prevention target of the vehicle, and a fire extinguishing agent inlet facing the outside of the vehicle connected to a base end portion of the pipe, and the vehicle can stop. The stop is connected to the above-mentioned extinguishing agent inlet and has a connected extinguishing agent supply facility having an extinguishing agent injecting section capable of injecting the extinguishing agent into the vehicle, so that the extinguishing agent can be supplied from the outside without limitation, and The fire extinguisher is completely extinguished without firefighters entering the vehicle.
[0056]
(11) Since the vehicle has a stop where the vehicle can stop and a fire-extinguishing water spraying device that secures an evacuation route by spraying fire-extinguishing water at the exit of the vehicle, fire the passenger at the exit of the vehicle. Can be protected from.
[0057]
(12) Since it is provided at the stop and includes a shielding device against a magnetic field, an electric field, and an electromagnetic field in the vicinity of the exit, passenger safety can be ensured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment to which a disaster prevention facility according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second embodiment to which the disaster prevention equipment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing Embodiments 3 and 4 to which the disaster prevention facility of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment to which the disaster prevention equipment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment to which the disaster prevention equipment of the present invention is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 passenger compartment, 5 fire sensor, 6 TV camera, 7 TV monitor, 9 control device, 11 fire extinguishing water spraying device, 12 circulation device, G high expansion foam generating device, 37 differential pressure device, 52 evacuation room, 57 stop, 65 , 66 Shielding device, 68 Connected extinguishing agent supply equipment, 70 Extinguishing agent inlet, 71 Extinguishing agent injection part.

Claims (4)

In the vehicle disaster prevention facility, the vehicle includes a fire sensor associated with a fire prevention target,
A TV camera that monitors the fire prevention object and generates a video signal;
A TV monitor provided in the passenger compartment of the vehicle and displaying the image to be fire-protected by the video signal from the TV camera;
When receiving the alarm signal from the fire sensor, e Bei and a control unit for projecting the fire target image associated with the TV monitor of the Noshitsu,
The stop where the vehicle can stop is equipped with a fire extinguishing water spraying device for spraying fire extinguishing water at the exit of the vehicle to ensure an evacuation route . The vehicle disaster prevention according to claim 1 , further comprising: a passenger compartment; and an evacuation chamber adjacent to the passenger compartment through a door and having an exit to the outside and being positively pressured with respect to the passenger compartment. Facility. 3. The vehicle disaster prevention facility according to claim 2, wherein the evacuation room is cooled. 2. The vehicle disaster prevention facility according to claim 1, further comprising a shielding device for a magnetic field, an electric field, and an electromagnetic field provided in the stop and in the vicinity of the exit.

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