JP3025041B2 - Tunnel fire detection system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel fire detection system for detecting and notifying the occurrence of a fire in a tunnel, and is particularly suitable for use in an automobile tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the case of a car tunnel, dust rises every time a car passes, and it is difficult to distinguish the dust from smoke generated when a fire occurs. Therefore, a conventional tunnel fire detection system does not use a smoke sensor. Using a flame sensor.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of such a conventional tunnel fire detection system (part of a tunnel disaster prevention system).

In FIG. 2, a tunnel fire detection system 10 includes a disaster prevention center system 11, a disaster prevention sub-center system 12, a plurality of telemeter devices 13 for flame sensors,
It comprises a disaster prevention display panel 14, a wind direction indicator 15, a telemeter device 16 for a wind direction and anemometer, a control panel control device 17, a plurality of flame sensors 18, a plurality of anemometers 19 and a plurality of guide panels 20. . In addition, a ventilation control device, an ITV (industrial television) camera control device, a traffic light control device, a lighting control device, and the like are provided.

[0005] A plurality of flame sensors 18, a plurality of anemometers 19, and a plurality of guide signs 20 are provided in a tunnel.

[0006] The disaster prevention center system 11 manages various disaster prevention facilities in the tunnel based on information and the like provided from the disaster prevention sub-center system 12 and the like. The disaster prevention sub-center system 12 manages mainly the facilities on the fire surface in the tunnel. Disaster prevention sub-center system 12
Is provided with information on the occurrence of a fire from the flame sensor telemeter device 13.

[0007] A plurality of flame sensors 18 are provided at equal intervals (for example, 25 m) on a line drawn into the tunnel from each telemeter device 13. Each telemeter device 13 is located in a predetermined area in the tunnel (for example, in 800 m units).
In charge of the plurality of flame sensors 18. Although illustration is omitted, the water spray equipment is actually in charge. Each telemeter device 13 takes in the fire occurrence information given from the flame sensor 18 in the area and gives it to the disaster prevention sub-center system 12.

The flame sensor 18 is provided on a wall surface of the tunnel (for example, 1.5 m in height), and detects a flame based on, for example, flickering of carbon dioxide generated by combustion. Each flame sensor 18 has a fairly wide directivity in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the adjacent flame sensors 1
8 are partially overlapped.

The disaster prevention display panel 14 displays the status of the equipment in the tunnel by clarifying the sections. For example, a fire occurrence section (automatic notification section) is also displayed. In addition, the section in which the fire occurrence is displayed based on the detection information from a certain flame sensor 18 is continuously displayed as the fire occurrence state even if the detection information from the flame sensor 18 disappears.

The anemometer telemeter device 16 takes in the wind direction and wind speed information from the wind direction anemometer 19 and gives it to the display 15 for display. This display is used, for example, by an observer to determine an evacuation guidance location.

The guidance display panel control device 17 controls the display of the guidance display panel 20 based on information from the disaster prevention center system 11, and displays, for example, a fire occurrence or a prohibition of entry into a tunnel. It is.

In the conventional system having the above configuration, the following processing is performed when a fire occurs.

The flame sensor 18 that has detected the occurrence of a fire notifies the telemeter device 13. The telemeter device 13 transmits the detected installation position information of the flame sensor 18 to the disaster prevention sub-center system 12.

Upon receiving this information, the disaster prevention sub-center system 12 determines whether or not it is the first report. In the case of the first report, the notice information is transmitted to the disaster prevention center system 11 and the section number of the fire occurrence and the notice information of the fire occurrence are transmitted to various devices requiring the notice information. If the fire prevention sub-center system 12 has received the first notification when receiving the fire notification (flame sensor installation position information), the disaster prevention sub-center system 12 determines that the fire has occurred, and determines the section number where the flame sensor 18 is installed, Each time a fire notification is received, it is transmitted to the disaster prevention center system 11, the disaster prevention display panel 14, and other various devices.

The disaster prevention center system 11 uses the information display board control device 17 based on this information and in accordance with an instruction from a supervisor.
Then, a display instruction such as an alarm (fire occurrence, entry prohibited) or the like is transmitted to the driver.

[0016]

However, the conventional system has the following disadvantages.

(1) Conventional commercially available flame sensor 18
Was to detect the reference flame when 2 liters or more of gasoline was put into a 0.5-square-million-volume gasoline and burned even if the detection sensitivity was the highest. There is a problem that the flame becomes such a reference flame in a fire after it has considerably burned out, that is, after the fire has become quite large, and the detection of the fire occurrence is delayed.

In many recent fires, smoke is formed before a flame is formed. Therefore, the discovery is delayed even if the sensitivity of the flame sensor 18 is improved. However, as mentioned above,
Smoke sensors cannot be applied in dusty tunnels.

(2) Regardless of the type of the flame sensor 18, the flame sensor 18 is ultimately optically detected. Therefore, if there is a large vehicle, for example, between the vehicle where the fire has occurred and the flame sensor 18, the fire cannot be detected. Actually, such a situation is highly likely to occur in a congested state. Assuming that flame sensors 1 are on both walls
Even if 8 is provided, such a situation cannot be avoided because a plurality of automobiles may exist between the installation of the flame sensor 18. When the installation interval of the flame sensor 18 is reduced, maintenance of the flame sensor 18 becomes difficult. As described above, since the light is detected optically, it is necessary to clean the light receiving window of the flame sensor 18, but it is unavoidable that the exhaust gas or the like causes the adhesion of dirt which causes a malfunction. Frequent maintenance is required.

(3) In practice, when the flame sensor 18 detects, the situation of a fire occurrence point (hereinafter, referred to as a fire point) is determined by an image taken by an ITV camera (not shown) near the sensor. Try to figure out. However, in many cases, as described above, smoke is trapped first, so that the situation cannot be grasped. In the case of large-scale tunnels, a section for spraying water is set to use the stored water effectively, so it is possible to detect whether the fire point is moving or expanding. Desired.
In addition, it is required to accurately detect a fire point condition from the viewpoint of evacuation guidance. Therefore, it is a problem that the ITV camera does not function effectively. As described above, the installation interval of the flame sensor 18 is hard to be narrowed, and the flame sensor 18 is hard to function effectively for detecting a fire condition.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can detect the occurrence of a fire at an early stage.
In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tunnel fire detection system capable of detecting the state of a fire point more accurately.

[0022]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve such problems, the following means are provided in a tunnel fire detection system of the present invention for detecting and notifying a fire in a tunnel.

That is, at least one optical fiber temperature sensor is laid in the tunnel width direction laid in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, a light beam is input to the optical fiber temperature sensor, and a fire is generated based on the transmitted light or backscattered light. Optical fiber temperature measurement means for detecting the occurrence and fire occurrence position, wind direction and wind speed measurement means for measuring the wind direction and wind speed in the tunnel, and the fire occurrence position detected by the optical fiber temperature measurement means as wind direction and wind speed information by the wind direction and wind speed measurement means And a temperature detection fire notification means for notifying the occurrence of the fire together with the fire occurrence position.

Here, it is preferable that the temperature detection fire notification means also notifies the position information at which the fire occurrence is no longer detected, separately from the non-fire occurrence position.

Further, an optical fiber temperature sensor based on backscattered light is applied, and an optical fiber breakage detecting means for detecting breakage of the optical fiber temperature sensor based on a return time of the backscattered light, It is preferable to provide cutting notification means for notifying the user.

Further, it is preferable to provide a temperature distribution display means for displaying a temperature distribution in the tunnel based on temperature information detected by the optical fiber temperature measurement means.

Further, the optical fiber temperature measuring means includes:
It is preferable that only a temperature at a specific position in the tunnel can be detected by an instruction from the outside, and a specific position temperature display means for displaying the temperature at the specific position is provided.

It is preferable that an evacuation guidance display panel for guiding to an evacuation site and an evacuation guidance display panel display control means for controlling display of the evacuation guidance display panel are provided.

[0029]

According to the present invention, it is possible to detect a fire in terms of temperature, thereby enabling early detection and narrow positional resolution. That is, at least one or more optical fiber temperature sensors are provided in the tunnel width direction along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, a light beam is input to the optical fiber temperature sensor, and a fire occurrence and a fire occurrence position are performed based on the passing light or backscattered light. And an optical fiber temperature measuring means for detecting the temperature.
In addition, since the position where the temperature becomes high due to the wind in the tunnel deviates from the fire position, in order to correct it, the wind direction and wind speed measuring means for measuring the wind direction and wind speed in the tunnel, and the fire occurrence position detected by the optical fiber temperature measuring means, A fire occurrence position correcting means for correcting based on wind direction and wind speed information by the wind direction and wind speed measuring means is provided. The detected fire occurrence is notified by the temperature detection fire notification means together with the occurrence position.

In the case of temperature detection, fire suppression can be detected by a decrease in temperature, and in order to make the monitoring personnel aware of the situation around the fire point,
It is preferable that the temperature detection fire notification means also notifies the position information at which the fire occurrence is no longer detected separately from the non-fire occurrence position. Thereby, it is possible to recognize the movement of the fire point, the expansion of the fire point, and the like.

In order to constantly monitor the temperature surface, it is necessary to grasp the condition of the optical fiber temperature sensor. Therefore, a sensor based on backscattered light is applied as the optical fiber temperature sensor. It is preferable to provide an optical fiber disconnection detecting unit for detecting the disconnection of the optical fiber temperature sensor based on the return time of the backscattered light, and a disconnection notifying unit for notifying the detected disconnection.

Further, in consideration of finding an evacuation site from inside the tunnel, it is preferable to provide a temperature distribution display means for displaying a temperature distribution in the tunnel based on temperature information detected by the optical fiber temperature measurement means.

Further, the optical fiber temperature measuring means can detect only the temperature at a specific position in the tunnel by an external instruction so that it is possible to confirm whether the determined evacuation scheduled place is optimal. In addition, it is preferable to provide a specific position temperature display means for displaying the temperature at the specific position.

Since the evacuation site can be determined while checking in this manner, an evacuation guidance display panel for guiding to the evacuation site, and an evacuation guidance display panel display control means for controlling the display of the evacuation guidance panel. Is preferably provided.

[0035]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a tunnel fire detection system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Overall Configuration First, the overall configuration will be described with reference to FIG. In addition,
In FIG. 1, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the configuration newly provided inside the tunnel is the optical fiber temperature sensor 38.
And a plurality of evacuation guidance display panels 39. The newly provided components outside the tunnel are an optical fiber temperature measuring device 33, a temperature distribution display device 35, and an evacuation guidance display panel control device 37. A disaster prevention center system 31, a disaster prevention sub-center system 32, a disaster prevention display panel 34, and a telemeter device 36 for an anemometer.

The difference from the prior art is that an optical fiber temperature sensor 38 is provided.

The optical fiber temperature sensor 38 utilizes backscattered light, and is provided at the top of the tunnel so as to cover the entire length of the tunnel. If the length of the tunnel is longer than the detectable length of the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 (about 2 to 3 km), a plurality of sets of the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 and the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 should be provided. Cost. When the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 generates a pulse, backscattered light is generated from each part of the optical fiber temperature sensor 38, but the intensity of the backscattered light depends on the temperature at the position, and the position returns. The backscattered light having such a characteristic reaches the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 according to the time of the light.
The temperature information obtained in this manner is used for the optical fiber temperature measurement device 3.
Numeral 3 gives to the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 and detects the occurrence of a fire based on the temperature information. This detection operation is performed based on both the absolute temperature rise and the temperature rise rate for accuracy. The threshold used for this detection is given from the disaster prevention sub-center system 32. In practice, a fire can be detected with a resolution of about 50 cm. FIG. 4 shows the detailed configuration of the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33, which will be described later.

When the detection sensitivity standard of the flame sensor 18 is satisfied, the temperature is often about 100 to 200 degrees in practice, but the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 can detect a fire at about 40 to 50 degrees. That is, a fire can be detected early.

According to the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 and the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33, the flame sensor 18 is left in spite of the fact that the detection characteristics are better than the flame sensor 18 in terms of position and time. The reason is that the failure of the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 and the disconnection of the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 by a large car or the like are considered.

In the case of this embodiment, the telemeter device 36 which takes in the information from the anemometer 19 supplies the anemometer information to the disaster prevention sub-center system 32.

The disaster prevention sub-center system 32 of this embodiment
Has a detailed configuration shown in FIG. 3, and includes information from the flame sensor telemeter device 13, information from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33, and a wind direction and anemometer telemeter device 36.
Based on the information from, a fire determination, detection of a fire determination section, and the like are performed. In addition, it reports fire information to the disaster prevention center system 31 or uses a temperature distribution display device (for example, C
An RT display 35 displays the temperature at each position, and a fire prevention display panel 34 displays a fire situation. Further, it controls a ventilation control device, an ITV (industrial television) camera control device, a traffic light control device, a lighting control device, and an evacuation guidance display panel control device 37.

The disaster prevention center system 31 manages the entire system and supplies fire information to various devices. In this embodiment, the fire information is also sent to the evacuation guidance display panel control device 37. Is to give.

The evacuation guidance display panel control device 37 controls an evacuation guidance display panel 39 for displaying guidance to an evacuation site based on information from the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 and the disaster prevention center system 31. . Since the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 is used, the position detection resolution is high,
In addition, the fire condition can be accurately recognized. Therefore, in this embodiment, the evacuation guidance display panel 27 is provided.

Next, the detailed configuration of the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 will be described with reference to FIG.

The disaster prevention sub-center system 32 includes a central processing unit 40, a recording unit 41, and various input / output processing units that exchange various information with the central processing unit 40. The central processing unit 40 executes processing as the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 according to a processing program stored in the storage unit 41 and shown in detail in FIGS. The storage unit 40 stores the above-described processing program, information provided from various input / output processing units, various data tables, and the like. In the case of this embodiment, the data stored in the data table includes data for correcting the position of the hot spot detected from the information of the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 according to the wind direction and the wind speed, and the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33.
Data for the threshold value of the fire judgment for each season and for each tunnel position (the difference between this temperature and the detected temperature is a problem) and the fire judgment according to the wind direction and wind speed used by the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 And the like of the threshold value.

As various input / output processing units, a transmitting / receiving unit 42 for exchanging information with the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33, a receiving unit 43 for receiving information from the telemeter device 36 for the anemometer, and a disaster prevention display panel 34 Transmitting unit 44 for transmitting information to
And a disaster prevention console processing unit (including a disaster prevention console and a printer) 45 for taking in operation information operated by the observer, and a flame sensor telemeter device 13 (this telemeter device is actually a communication device with water spray equipment). And a transmitting / receiving unit 46 for exchanging information with the disaster prevention center system 3
1, a transmitter / receiver 47 for transmitting and receiving information to and from the transmitter, a transmitter 48 for transmitting information to the temperature distribution display device 35, a ventilation control device, an ITV (industrial television) camera control device, and a traffic light (not shown). And a transmission unit that transmits information to a control device, a lighting control device, and the like.

The optical fiber temperature measuring device transmitting / receiving section 42
The received information includes temperature measurement position and temperature information, first report information division, fiber cutting information, and the like. The information transmitted by the optical fiber temperature measuring device transmitting / receiving unit 42 includes a fire determination threshold,
There are a reference temperature for fire judgment for each season and a tunnel position, a request for transmitting a designated area temperature, a request for transmitting all periodic data, and the like. The information received by the anemometer telemeter device receiver 44 is a wind speed monitoring position and wind speed information, and a wind direction monitoring position and wind direction information. The information received by the flame sensor telemeter device receiving section 46 is the installation position information of the flame sensor 18 detected as described in the section of the related art. Information transmitted to various devices is temperature information and position information, fire compartment information, and the like.

The central processing unit 40 performs disaster prevention processing while transmitting and receiving such information.

Detailed Configuration of Optical Fiber Temperature Measuring Device 33 Next, the detailed configuration of the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 will be described with reference to FIG. Specifically, the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 includes a central processing unit (a concept including a program memory and the like) 5
0, a management information storage unit 51, a measurement information storage unit 52, a temperature measurement pulse generation unit 53, a backscattered light reception unit 54, a disaster prevention subcenter reception processing unit 55, and a disaster prevention subcenter transmission processing unit 56.

The central processing unit 50 executes the processing shown in FIG. 10, which will be described later. At this time, the storage contents of the management information storage unit 51 and the measurement information storage unit 52 are used as needed.

The management information storage unit 51 stores temperature determination information and an information transmission request. The temperature determination information is, in detail, an absolute temperature rise abnormality determination threshold, an abnormality determination threshold based on the temperature rise rate, seasonal position-specific reference temperature information, and fire spot section information. As described above, the absolute temperature abnormality determination threshold and the abnormality determination threshold based on the temperature rise rate are given from the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 as needed. The season-specific position-specific reference temperature information is provided from the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 at the time of initial processing. Abnormal temperature rise abnormality determination is performed based on whether or not a difference between the detected temperature and the seasonal position-based reference temperature is greater than an absolute temperature state abnormality determination threshold. The fire spot section information is the section determined to be a fire. The information transmission request is given from the disaster prevention sub-center system 32, and includes the periodic transmission request and the designated area transmission request as described above. When there is this instruction, the central processing unit 50 executes the temperature abnormality detection processing, and causes the disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit 56 to execute transmission as needed.

The measurement information storage section 52 stores information received by the backscattered light receiving section 54, temperature information associated with position information calculated from the information, first fire occurrence information, and fiber cutting information. is there.

The temperature-measuring pulse generator 53 emits a pulse to the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 when sampling is instructed by the central processing unit 50, and the back-scattered light receiving unit 54 receives the pulse received at that time. The scattered light is converted into digital data and stored in the measurement information storage unit 52 under the control of the central processing unit 50.

The disaster prevention sub-center reception processing section 55 receives information from the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 and stores it in the management information storage section 51. The central processing unit 50 gives an activation instruction to the disaster prevention sub-center reception processing unit 55 as one of the initialization processes. As a result, the disaster prevention sub-center reception processing unit 55 starts processing, determines whether or not there is received information, and if so, registers that information in the management information storage unit 51 and returns to the determination processing. In this case, the determination process is repeated. Note that the processing of the disaster prevention sub-center reception processing unit 55 and the processing of the central processing unit 50 are asynchronous.

The disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing section 56 transmits information specified by the central processing section 50. As the transmission information, the fire spot position information, the temperature information, the first
There is fire information and fiber cut information. The central processing unit 50 gives a start instruction to the disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit 56 as one process of initialization. Accordingly, the disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit 56 starts processing, determines whether there is information to be transmitted, and if so, transmits the information to the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 and returns to the determination processing. If not, the determination process is repeated. The disaster prevention sub-center transmission processing unit 56 and the central processing unit 5
Processing with 0 is asynchronous.

[0058] disaster processing disaster prevention sub center system 32 then processes the central processing unit 40 executes will be described with reference to flowcharts of FIGS. 5-9.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a general concept of the process. When the processing is started, the central processing unit 40 first performs initialization, receives an event, and instructs to execute the processing of the event (steps 100 and 101). The processing event normally follows a predetermined order or an interrupt from a built-in timer, but is also determined by the processing result of the immediately preceding event, an interrupt from the disaster prevention console processing unit 45, or the like.

If the processing event is a fire judgment temperature threshold update processing event, the processing shown in FIG. 6 is performed (10).
2) After the process, return to step 101. If the processing event is a reception processing event from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33, the processing shown in FIG. 7 is performed (103), and the processing returns to step 101 after the processing. If the processing event is an instruction reception event of a temperature information transmission request specifying the area from the disaster prevention console processing unit 45, the processing shown in FIG. 8 is performed (1).
02), the process returns to step 101. If the processing event is a reception processing event from the flame sensor telemeter device 13, the processing shown in FIG. 9 is performed (102), and the processing returns to step 101 after the processing.

Next, an update processing event of the fire judgment temperature threshold will be described with reference to FIG.

This event is repeated at a predetermined cycle. First, the wind direction and wind speed information of a predetermined position of the tunnel is fetched from the storage unit 41, and it is determined whether the wind direction and wind speed information is the same as the current wind direction and wind speed information (steps 200 and 201).
Note that the wind speed is divided into several ranges, and the above-described determination is made based on whether the wind speed is within the same range. In addition, the tunnel is classified into entrance, middle, and exit (it is classified quite roughly than the disaster prevention range), and each section is judged. Although the illustration of the reception and storage processing event of the wind direction and wind speed information is omitted, it is repeated at a predetermined cycle.

When the result of the determination is the same, the process returns to the process of accepting the next event. On the other hand, if the result is different, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the wind direction and wind speed in the new range (step 2).
02). This determination is to eliminate the effect of sudden changes in wind direction and speed. If the predetermined time has not elapsed, the process returns to the process of accepting the next event. When a predetermined time elapses after the wind direction and wind speed in the new range, the information of the fire determination temperature threshold is updated, and the updated information of the fire determination temperature threshold is transmitted to the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 to receive the next event. Return to the processing (203, 204).

The storage unit 41 stores the optical fiber temperature measuring device 3
The reference temperature used for judging a fire is stored for each section (entrance, middle, and exit) of the tunnel and for each season. However, if the wind speed is high, the temperature inside the tunnel will be low, so it will be detected early. If the wind speed is low, it is necessary to lower the threshold value representing the difference from the reference temperature, and if the wind speed is low, the temperature in the tunnel increases, so it is necessary to increase the temperature to prevent erroneous detection. Update processing is provided. The threshold value for the temperature rise rate is updated for the same reason.

Next, a reception processing event from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 will be described with reference to FIG. A processing event for transmitting a transmission request for all temperature information to the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 is periodically executed, and a transmission request for specifying a tunnel area is transmitted to the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33. The processing event (see FIG. 7) is being executed according to the instruction of the observer. Further, the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 automatically performs transmission at a predetermined cycle when a fire occurs and after a fire occurs.

First, information received from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 is fetched (step 300). Then, based on this information, it is determined whether or not the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 has been cut (step 301). Even if it is cut, the backscattered light returns to the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 from the place before reaching the cutting point, and the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 compares the final return point with the tunnel length and cuts the light. The presence / absence is determined, and transmission is performed when detected. If it has been cut, the cutting information is printed by the printer, an alarm display is displayed on the disaster prevention display panel 34, and the process returns to the next event receiving process (step 302).

If not cut, it is determined whether or not fire information (including fire spot position information) has been given (step 303). If the fire information is not given, the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 having a meaning as a preliminary notice in the past.
It is determined whether the first report of fire information has been given (step 304). If the first fire information is given, the fire information is not given at the moment,
Since there is still a possibility that a fire has occurred, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time (several minutes) has elapsed in which it can be determined whether or not a fire has occurred (step 305). If the fire information of the first report is given but no fire information is given for a predetermined time thereafter, the first report is canceled as a false report (step 306).

If no fire information has been given at present or in the past (No at Step 304), and if a predetermined time has not elapsed since the first fire information was given (No at Step 305). It is determined whether the observer has instructed the processing event of FIG. 8 (step 30).
7). That is, it is determined whether or not an instruction to take in the temperature information specifying the area has been issued. The time interval of the periodic temperature information acquisition process is long in the case of rush, and if the first report is given, the observer will be notified of the temperature information of the area of the evacuation site where the fire information is not given. Is to be checked. If such an instruction has not been made, the process returns to the process of accepting the next event. If it has been instructed, it instructs the disaster prevention monitoring panel 34 to display the temperature information of the area, displays the temperature on the temperature display section of the evacuation scheduled place of the disaster prevention monitoring panel 33, and then displays the next event. The process returns to the receiving process (steps 308 and 309).

If the fire information is included in the information received from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 (Yes at step 303), the given area information is corrected based on the wind direction and wind speed information (step 310). . If there is a wind, the fire occurrence position is different from the position detected by the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33, and the deviation is corrected. Thereafter, it is determined whether or not it is the first report (step 311).

If it is the first report from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33, it is determined whether or not the first report from the flame center telemeter device 13 has already been issued (step 312).

If there is a first report from the temperature side but no first report from the flame side, it is set that there is a first report from the temperature side, and then the above-mentioned transmission information is transmitted to the disaster prevention center system. After transmission to the disaster prevention display panel 31, the ITV camera control device, and other related devices, the process proceeds to the next event (steps 313 to 317). At this time, the ITV camera control device starts imaging, or directs the imaging position to the position of the first report. Further, the disaster prevention display panel 34 is provided with a section indicating that the first report on the temperature has been made (the display section on the temperature is provided separately from the fire occurrence section on the flame (automatic notification section, as described later). And is narrower than this).

On the other hand, if there is both the first report from the temperature surface and the first report from the flame surface (Yes in step 312), it is determined whether or not the sections designated by these are the same (step). 318). If they are not the same, the process proceeds to step 313 described above. On the other hand, if the section designated by each first report is the same, the fire occurrence is recognized without waiting for the follow-up report, and the fire occurrence section is set (step 319). After transmission to the display 31, the disaster prevention display panel 34, the ITV camera control device, other related devices, and the temperature distribution display device 35, the process proceeds to the next event (steps 314 to 318, 320). At this time, the ITV camera control device starts imaging or directs the imaging position to the detection position. In addition, the disaster prevention display panel 34 displays the temperature section and the automatic notification section in a fire occurrence state. The temperature distribution display device 35 graphically displays the temperature distribution in the tunnel.

If the fire information is after the first report (No at Step 311), the position is immediately set as a fire section (Step 321). After that, based on the temperature information, it is determined whether the ignition point has expanded or moved (step 322). As described above, the resolution of the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 is narrow, so that the temperature distribution increases the fire point (in the case where the car that caused the fire is stopped and the combustion moves to another car), (In the case where a car in which a fire has occurred continues to run) can be determined separately. That is, it is possible to frequently detect a newly detected section, a section that is no longer detected, and the like. In the case of moving the fire point, information corresponding to the movement is set, and in the case of expanding the fire point, information corresponding to the information is set (steps 323 and 324), and the disaster prevention center system 31, the disaster prevention display panel 34, and the ITV camera are set. After transmitting to the control device and other related devices and the temperature distribution display device 35,
Proceed to the processing of the next event (steps 314 to 318,
320). The disaster prevention display panel 34 displays the fire status (including the end of a certain section) of the section in the temperature plane and the automatic notification section.

Next, an instruction acceptance event of a temperature information transmission request by designating an area from the disaster prevention console processing unit 45 is
This will be described with reference to FIG. As described above, the supervisor instructs to take in temperature information specifying the area as necessary. In other words, the time interval of the regular temperature information acquisition process is a long time interval in the case of competing for a moment, and when the first report is given, the evacuation schedule for which the fire information is not given as described above is given. The user is instructed to check the temperature information in the area of the place.

The central processing unit 40 includes a disaster prevention console processing unit 45.
, And then sets the requested section information, instructs the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 to request the temperature information to the transmitting / receiving section 42, and causes the request data to be transferred to the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 (step ( 400-402).
Then, the process proceeds to the next event.

Next, a reception process event from the flame sensor telemeter device 13 will be described with reference to FIG. In addition,
This processing event is started by an interrupt at the time of the first report, and is periodically executed after the first report.

First, information received from the flame sensor telemeter device 13 is fetched (step 500). And the first
It is determined whether it is a report (step 501).

If it is the first report, the first report of the flame sensor is set, and the fire occurrence section is set (steps 502 and 50).
3), disaster prevention center system 31, disaster prevention display panel 34, IT
The data is transmitted to the V-camera control device and other related devices, and the process proceeds to the next event (steps 504 to 507). At this time, the ITV camera control device starts imaging or changes the imaging position. In addition, the disaster prevention display panel 34 indicates that there was a first report on the flame surface in a fire occurrence section (automatic notification section).
Display with

On the other hand, if it is not the first report, it is determined whether or not there is a fire (step 508). If there is no fire,
The first report is canceled and the process proceeds to the next event (step 509). On the other hand, if it is the second report or later, a process of confirming the occurrence of a plurality of fires and setting a fire compartment is performed (step 510). Since the flame sensor telemeter device 13 transmits a follow-up report when the flame sensor 18 in the undetected state detects a fire, the fire occurrence section always increases by this processing. It should be noted that even if the section in which the fire has occurred has been set off, the cancellation of the fire is not executed. When the above-described setting process is completed, the information is transmitted to the disaster prevention center system 31, the disaster prevention display panel 34, the ITV camera control device and other related devices, and the process proceeds to the next event (step 50).
4-507). At this time, the ITV camera at the predetermined position starts imaging or changes the imaging position. Further, the disaster prevention display panel 34 additionally displays a fire occurrence section.

Detection of abnormal temperature of optical fiber temperature measuring device 33
Processing Next, the temperature abnormality detection processing of the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 will be described with reference to FIG. After performing the initialization (clearing the fire point, starting the transmission / reception processing, etc.), the central processing unit 50 repeatedly performs the temperature abnormality detection processing shown in FIG. 10 (step 600).

First, temperature data in a certain section is sampled (step 601). A pulse is generated from the temperature measurement pulse generator 53, and the backscattered light is received by the backscattered light receiving unit 54, and based on the data once stored in the measurement information storage unit 52, the distance from the return time of the backscattered light is calculated. To sample the distance data L (X),
The difference between the temperature obtained from the intensity of the backscattered light and the reference temperature for each season is sampled as temperature data T (X).

When the sampling is completed, it is determined whether or not the sampling data is the transmission request data based on the information stored in the management information storage unit 51 regarding the information transmission request. The information is clarified as normal or abnormal (processing similar to step 606 described later is executed) and stored in the transmission buffer to instruct transmission (steps 602 and 603).

When transmission to the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 is instructed, or when a transmission request is not given from the disaster prevention sub-center system 32, whether or not a fire has already been detected (fire is occurring) is determined. Is determined (step 604). If a fire is occurring, it is further determined whether or not the current sampling data is information on the section in which the fire is occurring (step 605).

When no fire has occurred, or when a fire has occurred but the sampling data of the target is data outside the section where the fire has occurred, that is, data of a section which has not been determined to be a fire so far. Then, a temperature rise confirmation process is performed (step 606). This temperature rise confirmation process includes a process of calculating a temperature rise rate R (X) based on the temperature immediately before the same point and the current temperature (606a), a comparison between an absolute temperature rise and its threshold, and It consists of a process (606b) for comparing the temperature rise rate with its threshold.

When such temperature rise confirmation processing is completed at a predetermined interval (for example, about 50 cm) or when it is determined that there is an abnormality in the middle, the processing proceeds to fire determination processing (step 607).

As a result, if no fire has occurred, the distance of the final measurement point is recognized, and this distance is compared with the length of the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 (step 60).
8, 609). If the length is equal to the length of the optical fiber temperature sensor 38, the process immediately returns to the temperature data sampling process. On the other hand, if the length is shorter than the length of the optical fiber temperature sensor 38, transmission of cutting information of the optical fiber temperature sensor is instructed, and the process returns to the temperature data sampling process (step 6).
10).

On the other hand, if it is determined that a fire has occurred, the position of the fire is extracted and stored in the management information storage unit 51, the first report information is created, and then transmission of temperature, position information and the like is instructed. To return to the temperature data sampling process (steps 611 and 612). Note that if a fire is occurring and the sampling data is data in the section where the fire occurred (Yes in step 605), transmission of temperature and position information is instructed without confirming temperature rise or the like, and sampling of temperature data is performed. The process returns (step 612). this is,
This is because the temperature decreases after the fire suppression operation is started, and it is meaningless to check for a temperature rise or the like.

[0088] disaster display board compartment display Next, various sections display in the event of a fire due to prevention display panel 34 will be described with reference to FIG. 11.

The display sections include a water spray section 60, an automatic notification section (fire occurrence section) 61, and a temperature sensor section 6.
2 and a manual notification section 63.

The water spray section 60 is, for example, about 50 m (double the flame sensor installation interval) as one section. This section display indicates whether or not the section is performing fire extinguishing by activating water spray equipment (not shown). That is, two-state display is performed depending on the difference between lighting and non-lighting. The display state changes depending on the information of the start of the water spray equipment.

[0091] The automatic notification section 61 also has, for example, about 50 m as one section. This section display indicates whether or not a fire has occurred in the section, and displays three states by turning on and off and displaying colors. A non-fire state, a first report state, and a fire state are displayed. As described above, the display state changes based on information from the flame sensor 18 or the optical fiber temperature sensor 28. That is, when the flame sensor 18 detects, the first
If it is a report, the first report state is displayed, and if it is the second report or later, a fire state is displayed. When the temperature sensor 38 detects, if the first report is the first report, the fire condition is displayed if the first report of the flame sensor 18 is in that section, and if the first report of the flame sensor 18 is not in that section, the first report state is displayed. Is displayed, and if it is the second or later report, a fire condition is displayed.

The temperature sensor section 62 has, for example, about 10 m as one section. This section display indicates whether or not a fire has occurred in the section with respect to the temperature surface, and displays four states by turning on and off and displaying colors. A non-fire state, a first report state, a fire state, and a follow-up report end state are displayed. This display state is based on information from the temperature sensor 38. Temperature sensor 3
When only the first sensor 8 detects the first report, the first report state is displayed. When the temperature sensor 38 detects the first report and also detects the flame sensor 18 for that section, and when the temperature sensor 38 detects the first report, Is detected, a fire condition is displayed, when the temperature sensor 38 no longer detects a follow-up report, a follow-up report end state is displayed, and in other cases, a non-fire condition is displayed.

Here, since not only the first report state and the fire state but also the follow-up end state are displayed, it is possible to judge the movement of the fire spot and the expansion of the fire spot without using the ITV camera. . However, after the information of the flame sensor 38 is detected, the detection state is maintained, so that the flame sensor 3
Such display cannot be performed only by the information from 8.

[0094] The manual notification section 63 displays whether or not a manual notification has been made by turning on and off the light. Although not shown, buttons for manual notification are provided at predetermined intervals (about three times the automatic notification section) in the tunnel, and display is performed when this button is operated.

FIG. 11 shows a display example when a follow-up report is given. In the case of this example, the fire has ended or the fire is going to be extinguished for the automatic report section "1", and the automatic report section "3" for the automatic report section "2".
It shows that the fire point becomes larger toward.

Effects of Embodiment According to the above-described embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 is provided, a fire or flame sensor
8 can detect a fire at a position where it is inactive due to dirt or the like. In addition, the position can be specified in a narrow range. Since the detection position is corrected using the wind direction and wind speed information, the accuracy of the position can be ensured.

(2) Since the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 detects when the temperature reaches about 40 to 50 degrees, it is possible to detect the occurrence of a fire at an early stage. At this time, since the threshold temperature is changed using the wind direction and wind speed information, erroneous detection can be prevented even if the temperature is reduced by the wind.
Incidentally, the temperature at the time of detection by the flame sensor 18 is 100 to 2
It is about 00 degrees.

(3) Since the detection is performed by the optical fiber temperature sensor 38 and the flame sensor 18, the detection accuracy is extremely high.

(4) Since the wind direction and the wind speed information are given to the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 and the temperature in a narrow range can be confirmed by the optical fiber temperature sensor 38, the evacuation site can be appropriately determined. In addition, since the temperature sensor 38 is used, the expansion or movement of the fire point can be distinguished even in a situation where no smoke can be seen depending on the ITV camera, and an evacuation site can be appropriately determined. If only the flame sensor 18 is used, it is not possible to detect a temperature rise abnormality (although it is not detected as a fire) at the evacuation scheduled place, etc.
It may not be possible to select an appropriate evacuation site.

(5) The optical fiber temperature sensor 38 operates normally even if dirt adheres to the exhaust gas or the like, does not require normal maintenance work, and can be cut even by a large car or the like. It can be detected immediately. Incidentally, the fact that the flame sensor 18 is inactive due to dirt cannot be recognized unless the position of the flame sensor 18 is reached.

Other Embodiments In the above embodiment, one optical fiber temperature sensor 38 is provided in the tunnel. However, at least one optical fiber temperature sensor may be provided. In the case where a plurality of optical fiber temperature sensors are provided, it is possible to cope with a wide tunnel, and it is possible to detect even if some optical fiber temperature sensors are cut. In this case, it is preferable to match information from a plurality of sensors. Also,
When two or more sensors are provided, the detection accuracy can be improved by providing an optical fiber temperature sensor heading from the inlet to the outlet (the inlet end is connected to the optical fiber temperature measuring device) and an optical fiber temperature sensor heading from the outlet to the inlet. Is further improved. Here, the number is the number provided in the tunnel width direction, and when the tunnel is long, it is natural that a plurality is provided in the longitudinal direction.

The tunnel to which the present invention is applied is not limited to a vehicle tunnel. For railways,
Since the railway vehicle itself has a fire detection function and a notification function, the detection function and the like up to the present invention are not required, but the present invention can be applied. Also, the present invention can be applied to common holes (included in the concept of tunnel) such as electric wiring, gas pipes and water pipes.

The optical fiber temperature sensor to be applied is not limited to the one that captures backscattered light, but may be an optical fiber temperature sensor that receives irradiation light from one end at the other end.

[0105]

As described above, according to the present invention, an optical fiber temperature sensor is laid in the longitudinal direction in a tunnel to detect a fire from the temperature side, so that the occurrence of a fire can be detected early. And a tunnel fire detection system capable of more accurately detecting the state of a fire point.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a tunnel fire detection system according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a conventional tunnel fire detection system.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of a disaster prevention sub-center system 32 according to the embodiment. .

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of an optical fiber temperature measuring device 33 according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a main processing flowchart of the disaster prevention sub-center system 32 of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a processing flowchart of an update processing event of the fire determination temperature threshold.

7 is a processing flowchart of a reception processing event from the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a processing flowchart of an instruction acceptance event of a temperature information transmission request specifying the area.

FIG. 9 is a processing flowchart of a reception processing event from the flame sensor telemeter device 13;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a temperature abnormality detection process of the optical fiber temperature measuring device 33.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a display example of an outbreak section when a fire occurs.

[Explanation of symbols]

19 ... wind direction anemometer, 32 ... disaster prevention sub-center system, 3
3: Optical fiber temperature measuring instrument, 34: Disaster prevention display panel, 35:
Temperature distribution display device, 36: Telemeter device for wind direction and anemometer, 37: Evacuation guidance display panel control device, 38: Optical fiber temperature sensor, 39: Evacuation guidance display panel.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G08B 17/00-17/12 G01K 11/12

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tunnel fire detection system for detecting and notifying a fire in a tunnel, comprising: at least one optical fiber temperature sensor laid in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel in a tunnel width direction; An optical fiber temperature measuring means for inputting a light beam and detecting a fire and a fire occurrence position based on the passing light or the backscattered light, a wind direction and wind speed measuring means for measuring a wind direction and a wind speed in a tunnel, and the above optical fiber temperature measurement A fire occurrence position correction means for correcting the fire occurrence position detected by the means based on the wind direction and wind speed information by the wind direction and wind speed measurement means; and a temperature detection fire notification means for notifying the fire occurrence together with the fire occurrence position. And tunnel fire detection system. 2. The tunnel fire detection system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature detection fire notification means also notifies the position information at which the fire is no longer detected, separately from the non-fire occurrence position. 3. An optical fiber temperature sensor based on backscattered light is applied as the optical fiber temperature sensor, and an optical fiber breakage detecting means for detecting a breakage of the optical fiber temperature sensor based on a return time of the backscattered light; The tunnel fire detecting system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a disconnection notifying unit for notifying. 4. A temperature distribution display means for displaying a temperature distribution in a tunnel based on temperature information detected by the optical fiber temperature measurement means.
3. The tunnel fire detection system according to any one of 3. 5. The optical fiber temperature measuring means is capable of detecting only the temperature at a specific position in the tunnel in response to an instruction from the outside, and has a specific position temperature displaying means for displaying the temperature at the specific position. The tunnel fire detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: 6. An evacuation guidance display board for guiding to an evacuation site, and an evacuation guidance display panel display control means for controlling display of the evacuation guidance display panel. Tunnel fire detection system according to any of the above.