JP2019100179A - Radiation heat utilization building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a radiation heat utilization building capable of curbing a running cost and delivering sufficient cooling and heating performance through air-conditioning utilizing radiation heat in a manner that controls inflow of air into a habitable room to the extent possible.SOLUTION: A radiation heat utilization building comprises a heat insulation element, a habitable room 16, a communication space 12, a cooling air-conditioning unit 13, a heating air-conditioning unit 14, and a ventilation unit 15 which has a heat exchanging function. The radiation heat utilization building adjusts a temperature of the habitable room 16 with radiation heat from a constituent element of the habitable room 16 with cool air discharged from the cooling air-conditioning unit 13 circulated through the communication space 12. With the ventilation unit 15 which has the heat exchanging function, the radiation heat utilization building can prevent ventilation operation from changing temperatures of air heated or cooled by air-conditioning units. Thus, the radiation heat utilization building can hold down a running cost through air-conditioning utilizing radiation heat.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a radiant heat utilization building. More specifically, the present invention relates to a radiant heat utilization building utilizing radiant heat from elements constituting a living room.

  The so-called air conditioning system is a system that controls the temperature of the entire building by sending temperature-controlled air to each room or corridor of a single-family home. In a single-family house in which the entire building heating and cooling system is adopted, there is no temperature change anywhere in the house, and there is no stress to the temperature change when moving a room. In addition, the entire building air conditioning system has the merit of being able to suppress the heat shock when bathing in winter.

  However, in a single-family home that employs a central heating and cooling system, it is necessary to send temperature-controlled air to each room. Because the air is fed directly, when the occupant comes in contact with the air, it feels hotter than the air temperature in the case of hot wind and colder than the air temperature in the case of cold wind. Especially when the temperature difference between inside and outside is large, it is necessary to increase the amount of air to be fed, and the resident often feels stress due to the wind being fed.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a radiant heat cooling and heating system. In this air conditioning system, unlike the whole room air conditioning system, temperature-controlled air is allowed to flow between the partition wall and the inner wall of the room to make the temperature of the inner wall etc. constituting the room a desired temperature, and the radiant heat from them It is a system that uses the room to cool and heat. In this system, each room is supplied with minimal air for ventilation, and the stress given to the occupant by the supplied air is greatly reduced.

JP, 2014-15711, A

However, since the radiant heat air-conditioning system disclosed in Patent Document 1 simply discharges the air in the underfloor space from the vent located in the attic, the warmed air or the cooled air is discharged outside as it is. As described above, since air, which is a medium for cooling and heating the living room, is discharged, it is necessary to always operate the heat source at a high output, which increases running costs for radiant heat cooling and heating, and increases carbon dioxide emissions. There's a problem.
In addition, since the heat source is installed in the space below the floor, warmed air can rise in the communication space to obtain an ideal air flow for heating, but it is cooled for cooling. There is a problem that air stays in the space below the floor and cooling becomes insufficient.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention uses radiant heat cooling and heating that minimizes the inflow of air into the living room, while suppressing running costs, and a radiant heat utilization building capable of securing sufficient performance for both heating and cooling. Intended to be provided.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a radiant heat utilization building comprising: a heat insulation element for forming a heat insulation space insulated from outside air; a room formed in the heat insulation space; or between the room and the heat insulation element A communication space for communicating the air outside the living room up and down in at least one of the spaces between each other, a cooling air conditioning facility provided in the attic space above the heat insulation space, and Cold air discharged from the cooling air conditioning system is provided with a heating air conditioning facility provided in the lower floor space and a ventilation facility provided in the adiabatic space and having a heat exchange function. While circulating any one of the warm air discharged from the heating air conditioning equipment through the communication space and adjusting the temperature of the living room by the radiant heat from the component of the living room, the warm air or the cold air is It is characterized in that the warm air or the cold air is supplied only to the room adjacent to the under floor space, which is supplied with air from the floor surface of the living room.
In the radiant heat utilizing building of the second invention, in the first invention, the first air blowing facility for blowing air in the attic space toward the underfloor space, and the air for blowing the underfloor space toward the attic space (2) A blower facility is provided, and a control device for controlling the temperature in the living room is provided, and the control device controls the cooling air conditioner or the heating air conditioner by a temperature indication signal. When the air conditioning system for cooling is operated, the second air blowing facility is operated, and when the air conditioning system for heating is operated, the first air blowing facility is operated.
In the radiant heat utilization building of the third invention according to the first invention or the second invention, the roof of the radiant heat utilization building is provided with a solar power generation facility, and electricity generated by the solar power generation facility is used. The air conditioner for cooling or the air conditioner for heating is in operation.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the temperature of the newly introduced air can be brought close to the temperature of the air in the room by providing the ventilation facility having the heat exchange function in the heat insulation space of the radiant heat utilization building. Even if it does, it can suppress changing the temperature of the air warmed or cooled by the air conditioner. As a result, running costs can be reduced while performing cooling and heating utilizing radiant heat. In addition, by providing the air conditioning system for cooling in the attic space, it is possible to secure an ideal flow of air for cooling without opposing the natural flow of cooled air moving downward, so the performance at the time of cooling It can be secured enough.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the first air-blowing facility for blowing air in the attic space toward the underfloor space is provided, whereby air can be circulated toward the heating air conditioning facility in the underfloor space. In addition, by providing the second air blower for blowing air in the underfloor space toward the attic space, air can be circulated toward the cooling air conditioner in the attic space. Therefore, it is possible to help create an ideal air flow for both warm air and cold air, and to perform more efficient temperature control in any case of air conditioning and heating. it can.
In addition, when the control device operates the air conditioning system for cooling, the air of the space under the floor is blown to the attic space by the second air blowing facility, and when the air conditioning system for heating is operated, the attic space by the first air blowing facility. By blowing the air to the space under the floor, efficient temperature control can be performed without the resident performing complicated operations.
According to the third aspect of the invention, by operating the air conditioning facility with the electricity generated by the solar power generation facility, it is possible to further reduce the running cost necessary for the air conditioning. In a radiant heat utilization building, since it is premised to operate without stopping air conditioning for 24 hours, running cost can be held down more effectively by operation of a solar power generation facility.

It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram from the front direction of a radiant heat utilization building (during cooling) concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram from the front direction of the radiant heat utilization building (at the time of heating) of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the crossing part of the floor and wall of the radiant heat utilization building of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the intersection part of the ceiling and wall of the radiant heat utilization building of FIG. It is a control block diagram of the radiant heat utilization building of FIG.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. However, the embodiment shown below is an example of a radiant heat utilization building for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the radiant heat utilization building as the following. Note that the size or positional relationship of members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for the sake of clarity.

First Embodiment
FIG. 1:, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram from the front direction of the detached house 10 which is a radiant heat utilization building which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. Arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the flow direction of air, FIG. 1 shows the flow of air at the time of cooling, and FIG. 2 shows the flow of air at the time of heating.

  The single-family house 10 is a heat insulation space in which the entire house is thermally insulated from the outside air by a plurality of heat insulation elements constituting an outer wall and the like. Here, the adiabatic space means a space which is less susceptible to the influence of the external temperature by using an adiabatic element such as an adiabatic material, and is not a space which is thermally insulated from the external temperature strictly. The plurality of heat insulation elements are, for example, a wall heat insulation material 11a used for the outer wall, a base heat insulation material 11b used for the floor part, a roof heat insulation material 11c used for the roof part, and the like. Other applicable items are glass doors that have a heat insulation function. In the present embodiment, the foundation heat insulating material 11 b is a combination of the foundation concrete and the heat insulating material.

  In FIG. 1, although the whole house of the single-family house 10 is a heat insulation space, it is not limited to this. For example, even if a part of the house is not a heat insulation space, it corresponds to the radiant heat utilization building of the present invention.

  In the heat insulation space of the single-family house 10, a plurality of living rooms 16 are provided. In this embodiment, four living rooms 16 are provided, and two living rooms 16 are provided on the first floor, and two living rooms 16 are provided on the second floor. The living room 16 includes a living room wall 30, a living room floor 31, and a living room ceiling 32 (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, a communication space 12 is provided between a living room 16 and a wall heat insulating material 11 a which is a heat insulating element. The communication space 12 is air in the heat insulation space, and communicates air located outside the living room 16 up and down. FIG. 3 shows a partially enlarged view of the intersection between the floor and the wall of the living room 16 of the detached house 10 which is a radiant heat utilization building according to the present embodiment. A wall 30 in the figure and a part of the floor 31 in the figure are hidden. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the communication space 12 is a space between the wall heat insulating material 11 a supported by the outer wall support 34 and the living room wall 30 constituting the living room 16. The communication space 12 communicates with the underfloor space 18. In addition, the indoor wall 30 is supported by a plurality of inner wall supports 33.

  In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a space between two living rooms 16 located on the second floor, a space between two living rooms 16 located on the first floor, or a living room 16 on the second floor A communication space 12 is provided in the space between the first floor living room 16 and the other. These communication spaces 12 also communicate the air outside the living room up and down.

  In the present embodiment, the outermost wall 24 is provided further outside the wall heat insulating material 11 a, and the air layer 25 is provided between the wall heat insulating material 11 a and the outermost wall 24. Further, the outermost wall 24 is similarly provided on the further outside of the roof heat insulating material 11 c, and an air layer 25 is provided between the roof heat insulating material 11 c and the outermost wall 24. The presence of the outermost wall 24 prevents direct sunlight from impinging on the heat insulation element, and warm air flows from the bottom of the air layer 25 upward to prevent the temperature of the air outside the heat insulation element from rising too much. It has become.

  In the present embodiment, a cooling air conditioner 13 is provided in the attic space 17 located in the upper part of the heat insulation space. The air conditioning system 13 for cooling may be an air conditioning facility capable of cooling and heating, but is preferably an air conditioning facility dedicated to cooling. In the case of being dedicated to cooling, the installation space of the air conditioner can be reduced, and the purchase cost can be reduced. However, it needs to be at least an air conditioner capable of cooling. The attic space 17 is not particularly problematic if it is located at the upper part of the heat insulation space, and does not have to be strictly above the living room 16 at the highest position.

  In the present embodiment, a heating air conditioner 14 is provided in the under floor space 18 located in the lower part of the heat insulation space. The heating air conditioning system 14 may be an air conditioning system capable of air conditioning and heating, but is preferably an air conditioning system dedicated to heating. In the case of dedicated heating, the installation space of the air conditioner can be reduced, and the purchase cost can be reduced. The heating air conditioning equipment 14 may include heating equipment such as a fan heater in addition to equipment called a heat pump type so-called air conditioner. However, it needs to be at least a heating and air conditioning system. The underfloor space 18 is not particularly problematic if it is located in the lower part of the adiabatic space, and does not have to be strictly below the lowest room 16. For example, the space under the stairs leading from the first floor to the second floor is also included in the underfloor space 18.

  In the present embodiment, a ventilation facility 15 having a heat exchange function is provided in the underfloor space 18 located in the lower part of the adiabatic space. There are two types of heat exchange functions: sensible heat exchange type and total heat exchange type. The heat exchange function of the total heat exchange type is achieved by, for example, a total heat exchange element composed of a heat transfer plate having gas shielding properties and moisture permeability. Fresh outdoor air is made to flow into this total heat exchange element, and dirty room air is made to flow in. In the total heat exchange element, heat transfer plates are stacked, and heat quantity and humidity are exchanged via the heat transfer plates. As a result, the amount of heat and humidity of the room air move to the fresh outside air before flowing out, so the fresh air flows out from the total heat exchange element into the room. At this time, dirty air in the room flows out of the room.

  In the present embodiment, a first air blower 20 for blowing air of the attic space 17 toward the underfloor space 18 is provided. The first blower 20 includes a first blower 20a and a first duct 20b. By operating the first blower 20a, air in the attic space 17 moves to the underfloor space 18 through the first duct 20b. In the present embodiment, the first blower 20a is installed in the attic space 17. However, it is also possible to install in the underfloor space 18 where the other end of the first duct 20b is located. Further, depending on the form of the detached house 10, such as when the detached house 10 is a single-story house, the first air blower 20 may not be provided.

  In the present embodiment, a second air blower 21 for blowing air from the underfloor space 18 toward the attic space 17 is provided. The second air blower 21 includes a second air blower 21a and a second duct 21b. By operating the second blower 21 a, the air in the underfloor space 18 moves to the attic space 17 through the second duct 21 b. In the present embodiment, the second blower 21a is installed in the underfloor space 18, but it is also possible to install in the attic space 17 where the other end of the second duct 21b is located. Further, as in the case of the first air blower 20, the second air blower 21 may not be provided depending on the form of the detached house 10.

  In the present embodiment, an auxiliary duct 26 is provided for guiding the cold air discharged from the cooling air conditioner 13 to a place where the cold air is difficult to penetrate. A plurality of auxiliary ducts 26 may or may not be provided depending on the form of the detached house 10.

  In the present embodiment, a solar power generation facility 19 is provided on the roof. The electricity generated by the solar power generation facility 19 operates the air conditioning system 13 for cooling or the air conditioning system 14 for heating. In addition, about the solar power generation equipment 19, it may not be provided in the area with few sunshine hours.

  By operating the air conditioning facility with the electricity generated by the solar power generation facility 19, the running cost necessary for the air conditioning can be further reduced. In the radiant heat utilization building of this embodiment, it is premised to operate without stopping the air conditioning for 24 hours, so the running cost can be suppressed more effectively and effectively by the operation of the solar power generation facility 19.

  In FIG. 4, the elements on larger scale of the intersection part of the ceiling of the living room 16 which comprises the detached house 10 which is a radiant heat utilization building of this embodiment, and a wall are shown. A part of the room wall 30 and the room ceiling 32 in the figure is hidden.

  In the present embodiment, glass wool 35 is provided on the upper side of the inner wall support 33 that constitutes the indoor wall 30 of the living room 16. The glass wool 35 is provided to close the communication space 12. However, the glass wool 35 has a predetermined air permeability. That is, the glass wool 35 has a density that does not disturb the movement of air in the communication space 12 as much as possible. In FIG. 4, the glass wool 35 is bent so that the cross section becomes “L”, and is provided on the upper side of the inner wall support 33, and its weight is mainly on the ceiling support 36 constituting the indoor ceiling 32. It is attached. The glass wool 35 may not be provided if the departmental quasi-refractory structure is not required.

  The glass wool 35 can prevent the spread of fire by providing the glass wool 35 on the upper side of the column 33 for the inner wall constituting the wall 30 of the living room 16. Therefore, the air flow of the glass wool 35 can be secured by the air permeability of the glass wool 35, although it is a state-of-the-art semi-refractory structure defined by the standard as a structure to prevent the spread of fire.

(Air flow and its action)
The flow of air in the first embodiment will be described. In the summer of the season when the outside air temperature is high, cooling is used, and air flows in the adiabatic space as shown in FIG. That is, the cool air discharged from the cooling air conditioning system 13 passes from the attic space 17 through the communication space 12 between the room 16 and the heat insulation element and the communication space 12 which is a space between the rooms 16 and the underfloor space 18. Move to The movement of the cold air cools the indoor wall 30, the indoor floor 31, the indoor ceiling 32, etc. constituting the living room 16, and the temperature of the living room 16 is adjusted by the radiant heat from these.

  Since the cold air is heavy, the cold air having passed through the communication space 12 naturally moves to the underfloor space 18. The air in the underfloor space 18 is led to the attic space 17 by the second air blower 21, cooled in the attic space 17 by the cooling air conditioner 13 to become cold air, and circulated again through the communication space 12.

  Among the cool air discharged from the cooling air conditioner 13, the minimum necessary air exchange and the like is taken into the living room 16, and ventilation is promoted. Then, air and the like coming out of the living room 16 with dust and the like are exhausted to the outside by the ventilation facility 15. At this time, since the ventilating equipment 15 has a heat exchange function, the air taken out from the outside can be cooled, and a large change in the temperature of the cooled air due to the ventilation can be suppressed.

  Also, in the air layer 25 between the outermost wall 24 outside the heat insulation element and the heat insulation element, the air in the air layer 25 is warmed by sunlight, so that an upward air flow is generated and warmed. Air is discharged from the top of the roof through the inside of the outermost wall 24 outside the roof insulation 11c.

  In the winter of the season when the outside air temperature is low, heating is used and air flows in the adiabatic space as shown in FIG. That is, the warm air discharged from the heating air conditioning system 14 passes from the underfloor space 18 to the communication space 12 between the room 16 and the heat insulation element and the communication space 12 between the rooms 16 to the attic space 17. Moving. As the warm air moves in this way, the room wall 30, the room floor 31, the room ceiling 32, etc. constituting the room 16 are warmed, and the temperature of the room 16 is adjusted by the radiant heat from these.

  Since the warm air is light, the warm air having passed through the communication space 12 naturally moves to the attic space 17. Then, the air of the attic space 17 is guided to the underfloor space 18 by the first air blower 20, warmed by the heating air conditioner 14 in the underfloor space 18 to be warm, and circulated again through the communication space 12.

  As in the case of cooling, minimum necessary air such as air replacement is taken into the living room 16 and ventilation is promoted. Then, a part of the air is discharged to the outside by the ventilation system 15 having a heat exchange function. At that time, the air taken in from the outside by the heat exchange function becomes warmed by the discharged air, and it is possible to suppress the temperature of the warmed air from being largely changed by the ventilation. Also, in the air layer 25 between the outermost wall 24 outside the heat insulation element and the heat insulation element, upward air flow occurs as in the cooling.

  By providing the ventilation equipment 15 having a heat exchange function in the underfloor space 18 of the radiant heat utilization building, also when performing ventilation, it is suppressed that the temperature of the air warmed or cooled by the air conditioning equipment is changed. it can. As a result, running costs can be reduced while performing cooling and heating utilizing radiant heat.

  Further, by providing the air conditioning system 13 for cooling in the attic space 17, it is possible to secure an ideal flow of air for cooling without opposing the flow of nature in which the cooled air moves downward, so that it is possible at the time of cooling. Performance can be sufficiently ensured.

  By providing the first blower 20 for blowing the air of the attic space 17 toward the underfloor space 18, the air can be circulated toward the heating air conditioner 14 in the underfloor space 18. Further, by providing the second blower 21 for blowing the air of the underfloor space 18 toward the attic space 17, the air can be circulated toward the cooling air conditioner 13 in the attic space 17. Therefore, it is possible to help create an ideal air flow for both warm air and cold air, and to perform more efficient temperature control in any case of air conditioning and heating. it can.

(Control method)
FIG. 5 shows a control block diagram of a radiant heat utilization building according to the present embodiment. The control device 22 is a device that controls the temperature in the living room 16. For the control device 22, elements for mainly transmitting an input signal are described on the left, and elements for mainly outputting an output signal are described on the right. An input / output device 23 such as a liquid crystal screen is electrically connected to the control device 22. The control device 22 is provided in the living room 16, and the resident inputs a desired temperature from the input / output device 23.

  An air conditioning sensor 27 for measuring the temperature in the living room 16 is electrically connected to the control device 22, and the temperature in the living room 16 is controlled to a temperature desired by the occupant. A plurality of air conditioning sensors 27 may be provided.

  The control unit 22 is electrically connected to the cooling air conditioner 13, the heating air conditioner 14, the first blower 20a, and the second blower 21a. The control device 22 operates these elements by the temperature indication signal of the input / output device 23. When the temperature in the living room 16 is higher than the temperature of the temperature instruction signal, the control device 22 operates the cooling air conditioner 13 to discharge cold air and, if necessary, the second blower of the second blower facility 21 Activate 21a. Conversely, when the temperature in the room 16 is lower than the temperature of the temperature indication signal, the control device 22 operates the heating air conditioning facility 14 to discharge the warm air, and the first blower facility 20 as necessary. The first blower 20a of

  When the control device 22 operates the air conditioning system 13 for cooling, the air of the underfloor space 18 is blown to the attic space 17 by the second air blowing facility 21 and the air conditioning system 14 for heating is operated, the first air blowing. By blowing the air of the attic space 17 to the underfloor space 18 by the facility 20, efficient temperature control can be performed without the resident performing complicated operations.

  In the present embodiment, the control device 22 controls the cooling air conditioner 13 and the like in an integrated manner, but the present invention is not limited to this control method. For example, it is also possible to provide an input / output device 23 in the living room 16 for each of the cooling air conditioner 13, the heating air conditioner 14, the first blower 20a, and the second blower 21a. In this case, the resident can operate these devices according to the resident's intention.

  Although the present embodiment has been described for the single-family house 10, the present invention is not particularly limited thereto. For example, buildings such as apartments are also included in radiant heat utilization buildings.

10 detached house (building using radiant heat)
12 Communication space 13 Air conditioning system for air conditioning 14 Air conditioning system for heating 15 Ventilation system 16 Living room 17 Attic space 18 Underfloor space 19 Photovoltaic power generation system 20 1st ventilation equipment 21 2nd ventilation equipment 22 Control device 30 Living room wall 31 Support pillar for inner wall 35 glass wool

Claims (3)

A thermal insulation element to form an adiabatic space insulated from the outside air,
A living room formed in the adiabatic space;
A communication space which vertically communicates the air outside the living room in at least one of the space between the living room and the heat insulating element or between the living rooms;
A cooling air conditioner provided in an attic space above the heat insulation space;
A heating air conditioning facility provided in the lower floor space of the adiabatic space;
A ventilation system provided in the heat insulation space and having a heat exchange function;
While circulating either the cold air discharged from the air conditioning equipment for cooling or the warm air discharged from the air conditioning equipment for heating through the communication space, the temperature of the living room is adjusted by the radiant heat from the components of the living room ,
The warm air or the cold air is supplied from the floor of the living room,
The warm air or the cold air is supplied only to the room adjacent to the under floor space,
Radiant heat utilization building characterized by. A first air blower for blowing air in the attic space toward the under floor space;
A second air blower for blowing air in the underfloor space toward the attic space;
A control device is provided to control the temperature in the living room,
The control device controls the air conditioning for cooling or the air conditioning for heating by a temperature indication signal.
The second air blower is operated when the air conditioning for cooling is operated, and the first air blower is operated when the air conditioning for heating is operated.
The radiant heat utilization building of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. A solar power generation facility is provided on the roof of the radiant heat utilization building,
The air conditioning facility for cooling or the air conditioning facility for heating is operating by electricity generated by the solar power generation facility.
The radiant heat utilization building of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.

Images