JP2018537268A - 受動的NOx吸着体 - Google Patents
受動的NOx吸着体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2018537268A JP2018537268A JP2018517553A JP2018517553A JP2018537268A JP 2018537268 A JP2018537268 A JP 2018537268A JP 2018517553 A JP2018517553 A JP 2018517553A JP 2018517553 A JP2018517553 A JP 2018517553A JP 2018537268 A JP2018537268 A JP 2018537268A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- region
- absorber
- molecular sieve
- zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical group O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9422—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by NOx storage or reduction by cyclic switching between lean and rich exhaust gases (LNT, NSC, NSR)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9463—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9463—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick
- B01D53/9468—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick in different layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
(a)第2の領域上に配置又は担持され、及び/又は
(b)基材上に直接配置され[すなわち第1の領域は基材の表面と接触している]、及び/又は
(c)第2の領域と接触している[すなわち第1の領域は第2の領域に隣接又は当接する]。
(a)第1の温度範囲で、排気ガスを本発明のNOx吸収体触媒と接触させて、NOxを吸蔵する工程;及び
(b)第2の温度範囲で、NOxをNOx吸収体触媒から放出する工程
を含み、
第2の温度範囲が第1の温度範囲より高い(例えば第2の温度範囲の中間点は、第1の温度範囲の中間点より高い)
方法である。
本明細書で用いられる「領域」という用語は、基材上のウオッシュコートのエリアを指す。例えば、「領域」は、基材上に「層」又は「ゾーン」として配置又は担持されうる。基材上のウオッシュコートのエリア又は配置は一般に、基材にウオッシュコートを塗布する工程の間、制御される。一般に、「領域」は、明確な境界又は縁を有する(すなわち一般的な分析技術を用いて、1つの領域を別の領域から区別することが可能である)。
典型的には、「領域」は、実質的に一様な長さを有する。この文脈において「実質的に一様な長さ」についての言及は、平均値から10%を超えて逸脱しない長さ(例えば最長の長さと最短の長さの差)のことを指し、好ましくは5%を超えて逸脱しない長さ、さらに好ましくは1%を超えて逸脱しない長さのことを指す。
(a)基材の入口チャネルの閉塞端(例えば遮断端又は塞栓端)よりも入口チャネルの入口端(例えば開放端)に近いゾーン、及び/又は
(b)基材の出口チャネルの出口端(例えば開放端)よりも出口チャネルの閉塞端(例えば遮断端又は塞栓端)に近いゾーン。
(a)基材の出口チャネルの閉塞端(例えば遮断端又は塞栓端)よりも出口チャネルの出口端(例えば開放端)に近いゾーン、及び/又は
(b)基材の入口チャネルの入口端(例えば開放端)よりも入口チャネルの閉塞端(例えば遮断端又は塞栓端)に近いゾーン。
CHA構造を有する小細孔ゼオライトのスラリーに硝酸Pdを加え、攪拌した。アルミナバインダーを加え、その後、確立されたコーティング技術を用いて1平方インチ当たり400セルを有するコーディエライトフロースルーモノリスにスラリーを塗布した。コーティングを乾燥させ、500℃で焼成した。Pd交換ゼオライトを含有するコーティングが得られた。このコーティングのPdローディングは、72g ft−3であった。
CHA構造を有するセリウム酸化物及び小細孔ゼオライトのスラリーを調製した。スラリーの組成は、50重量%の酸化セリウムと50重量%の小細孔ゼオライトであった。硝酸Pdをスラリーに加え、続いてアルミナバインダーを加えた。ウオッシュコートを撹拌し、確立されたコーティング技術を用いて平方インチ当たり400個のセルを有するコーディエライトフロースルーモノリスに塗布した。コーティングを乾燥させ、500℃で焼成した。Pd交換ゼオライトを含有するコーティングが得られた。このコーティングのPdローディングは、72g ft−3であった。
触媒実施例1及び2の触媒を、10%水を用いて800℃で16時間、水熱劣化させた。ベンチに載せた2.0リットルディーゼルエンジンを使用して、模擬的なMVEG−B排出サイクルで、これらの触媒の性能を試験した。排出は、触媒前後で測定した。各触媒のNOx吸収性能は、触媒前の累積NOx放出と触媒後の累積NOx排出の差として決定された。触媒前後の累積NOx排出量の差は、触媒によって吸収されたNOxに起因すると考えられる。
Claims (22)
- ディーゼルエンジンからの排気ガスを処理するためのNOx吸収体触媒であって、
モレキュラーシーブ触媒を含む第1のNOx吸収体材料であって、モレキュラーシーブ触媒が貴金属とモレキュラーシーブとを含み、モレキュラーシーブが貴金属を含有する、NOx吸収体材料;
セリウムの酸化物に担持されたパラジウム(Pd)を含む第2のNOx吸収体材料;及び
入口端と出口端とを有する基材
を含むNOx吸収体触媒。 - 貴金属がパラジウムを含む、請求項1に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- モレキュラーシーブがアルミノシリケート骨格、アルミノホスフェート骨格又はシリコ−アルミノホスフェート骨格を有する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- モレキュラーシーブが、小細孔モレキュラーシーブ、中細孔モレキュラーシーブ、及び大細孔モレキュラーシーブから選択される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- モレキュラーシーブが、ACO、AEI、AEN、AFN、AFT、AFX、ANA、APC、APD、ATT、CDO、CHA、DDR、DFT、EAB、EDI、EPI、ERI、GIS、GOO、IHW、ITE、ITW、LEV、KFI、MER、MON、NSI、OWE、PAU、PHI、RHO、RTH、SAT、SAV、SIV、THO、TSC、UEI、UFI、VNI、YUG、ZON、及びこれらのいずれか2つ以上の混合又は連晶からなる群より選択される骨格型を有する小細孔モレキュラーシーブである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- 小細孔モレキュラーシーブがAEI又はCHAである骨格型を有する、請求項5に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- モレキュラーシーブが10から200のシリカのアルミナに対するモル比を有する、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- セリウムの酸化物がセリア(CeO2)であるか、又はセリアと、アルミニウム及びジルコニアから選択される第2の酸化物との混合若しくは複合酸化物である、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- セリウムの酸化物にドーパントがドープされ、ドーパントが、タングステン(W)、ケイ素(Si)、チタン(Ti)、ランタン(La)、プラセオジム(Pr)、ハフニウム(Hf)、イットリウム(Y)、イッテルビウム(Yb)、サマリウム(Sm)、ネオジム(Nd)、及びこれらの2種以上の組み合わせからなる群より選択される元素又はその酸化物である、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- パラジウム(Pd)の濃度が、セリウムの酸化物の濃度の2重量%以下である、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- 第1のNOx吸収体材料と第2のNOx吸収体材料との混合物を含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- NOx吸収体触媒が第1のゾーンと第2のゾーンとを含み、第1のゾーンが第1のNOx吸収体材料を含み、第2のゾーンが第2のNOx吸収体材料を含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- 第1のゾーンが第2のゾーンの上流に配置されるか、又は第1のゾーンが第2のゾーンの下流に配置される請求項12に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- 第1の領域と第2の領域とを含み、第1の領域が第1のNOx吸収体材料を含み、第2の領域が第2のNOx吸収体材料を含み、かつ、第1の領域が第2の領域と重なるか又は第2の領域が第1の領域と重なる、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- 第1の層と第2の層とを含み、第1の層が第1のNOx吸収体材料を含み、第2の層が第2のNOx吸収体材料を含み、かつ、第1の層が第2の層の上に配置されるか又は第2の層が第1の層の上に配置される、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)領域をさらに含む、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- 基材がフロースルーモノリス又はフィルターモノリスである、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒。
- 請求項1から17のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒とエミッションコントロールデバイスとを備える排気システム。
- エミッションコントロールデバイスが、ディーゼル微粒子フィルター(DPF)、リーンNOxトラップ(LNT)、リーンNOx触媒(LNC)、選択的触媒還元(SCR)触媒、ディーゼル酸化触媒(DOC)、触媒化スートフィルター(CSF)、選択的触媒還元フィルター(SCRFTM)触媒、アンモニアスリップ触媒(ASC)及びこれらの2種以上の組み合わせからなる群より選択されるエミッションコントロールデバイスからなる群より選択される、請求項18に記載の排気システム。
- リーンバーンエンジンと、請求項1から17のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒又は請求項18又は19に記載の排気システムとを備える車両。
- リーンバーンエンジンが、≦50ppmの硫黄を含むディーゼル燃料で作動するように構成されている、請求項20に記載の車両。
- リーンバーンエンジンからの排気ガスを処理する方法であって、排気ガスを請求項1から17のいずれか一項に記載のNOx吸収体触媒と接触させること、又は排気ガスを請求項18又は請求項19に記載の排気システムに通過させることを含む、方法。
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2015
- 2015-10-06 GB GBGB1517578.9A patent/GB201517578D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2016
- 2016-10-05 KR KR1020187009388A patent/KR20180064406A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-10-05 DE DE102016118809.3A patent/DE102016118809A1/de active Pending
- 2016-10-05 RU RU2018115699A patent/RU2737175C2/ru active
- 2016-10-05 CN CN201680054460.XA patent/CN108368762A/zh active Pending
- 2016-10-05 US US15/285,546 patent/US20170096923A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-10-05 GB GB1616891.6A patent/GB2545298B/en active Active
- 2016-10-05 EP EP16781162.9A patent/EP3334913B1/en active Active
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JP2014519975A (ja) * | 2011-06-01 | 2014-08-21 | ジョンソン、マッセイ、パブリック、リミテッド、カンパニー | コールドスタート触媒および排気システムにおけるその使用 |
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JP2020517456A (ja) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-06-18 | ジョンソン、マッセイ、パブリック、リミテッド、カンパニーJohnson Matthey Public Limited Company | 受動的NOx吸着体 |
JP7372302B2 (ja) | 2021-12-06 | 2023-10-31 | 株式会社キャタラー | 排ガス浄化触媒装置 |
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GB201517578D0 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
EP3334913B1 (en) | 2022-06-29 |
GB2545298B (en) | 2020-06-17 |
JP7256010B2 (ja) | 2023-04-11 |
EP4083396A1 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
DE102016118809A1 (de) | 2017-04-20 |
JP2022020617A (ja) | 2022-02-01 |
WO2017060694A1 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
US20190345859A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 |
CN108368762A (zh) | 2018-08-03 |
GB201616891D0 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
KR20180064406A (ko) | 2018-06-14 |
US20170096923A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 |
RU2018115699A (ru) | 2019-11-07 |
RU2737175C2 (ru) | 2020-11-25 |
US10975745B2 (en) | 2021-04-13 |
GB2545298A (en) | 2017-06-14 |
EP3334913A1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
RU2018115699A3 (ja) | 2020-03-17 |
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