JP2018536413A - 生体試料のバクテリアの活動を検出する方法及び対応する検出装置 - Google Patents
生体試料のバクテリアの活動を検出する方法及び対応する検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
無機ガス状物質とは、特には限定しないが、生体試料が導入された、密封された試験管のヘッドスペースにあるCO2、H2、O2等である。
流れを測定することにより、針に接続されるポンプが吸引可能なガス状物質を有することができるように、時間ごと検出できる量のガス状物質の増加値(δ)を測定できるようにする。
連続流を測定することより、第2(2回目)の試料採集で、測定可能かつ利用可能なガスを見つけ、測定時間にCO2の増加及びO2の減少を比較できるようにする。
被検試料の混合は、溶解物質の挿入により赤血球の細胞溶解を容易にするだけでなく、培養液に栄養素材料を供給するために、バクテリアの複製を促進させる。
ヘッドスペースの定期的な測定(1種以上の定義済み時間間隔で実施される)は、存在するバクテリア量の関数として、動的測定、すなわち時間と関連する測定を与える。
時間に対して検出されるガス状物質の成長動態(おそらくグラフにより表される)を得るように、マイクロ・ガスクロマトグラフ22を用いることにより、検出されて、測定される、増大するガス状物質の量を検出できるようになる。
いくつかの具体例を参照して本発明を説明したが、当業者が方法10及び検出装置22の多くの他の同等の形状を達成することが確実に可能であることは明白でもあり、そして、請求項にて説明するような特徴を有しており、それ故、全てここに定められる保護範囲内となる。
Claims (17)
- 生体試料(14)の、限定されないが特に血液試料のバクテリアの活動を検出する方法であって、
密封され殺菌された試験管(12)に、前記生体試料(14)を導入するステップと、
前記試験管(12)内部で、前記生体試料(14)より上に、ガスの蓄積のためのヘッドスペース(18)を定めるステップと、
前記ヘッドスペースから気体サンプルを採取するステップと、
1ppm〜10ppmの前記生体試料(14)において、バクテリアの代謝によって発生する無機物の存在を検出するのに適した流れで、マイクロ・ガスクロマトグラフ(22)を用いて、特に前記気体サンプルに存在するCO2、H2及び/又はO2といった無機ガス状物質の内容を分析するステップと、を備え、
前記無機物の前記検出は、増加するCO2と減少するO2両方で測定される前記無機物に関する増殖曲線を得るために、さまざまなサンプリング時間で連続流において実施されることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記ヘッドスペース(18)から気体サンプルを採取するステップと、
同時にセンサを用いて前記試験管(12)の圧力の全変動を測定するステップと、を備えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。 - ストッパー(16)を介して前記試験管(12)に針(24)を導入することによって、前記ヘッドスペース(18)から気体サンプルを採取するステップと、
前記ヘッドスペース(18)に存在するガス容積を再循環させるために、導入部材(33)に接続される2本目の針(24)を用いて、前記試験管(12)から採取される量の前記気体サンプルを前記試験管(12)に再導入するステップと、を備えることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2記載の方法。 - 前記ヘッドスペース(18)に存在する個々の前記無機ガス状物質の成長動態を得るために、前記マイクロ・ガスクロマトグラフ(22)によって、1つ以上の既定の時間間隔において、前記ヘッドスペース(18)に存在する前記ガス状物質の動的測定を実施するステップを備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 毎回、前記気体サンプルを採取した後に、前記ヘッドスペースに前記気体サンプルを再導入するステップと、
時間の経過で、前記ヘッドスペースの有機成分が増加したか一定かを検出するために、順番に新しい測定を実行するステップとを備えることを特徴とする請求項3又は4記載の方法。 - 前記試験管(12)内部の前記生体試料(14)と共に、培地又は培養液を導入するステップを備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 何も添加しないそのままの生体試料(14)のみを前記試験管(12)内部に導入するステップを備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 前記バクテリアの複製速度を上げるのに適した補助物質を前記試験管(12)に導入するステップを備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 前記補助物質は、炭化水素(例えばメタン、エタン、プロパン又は、類似物又は相当物質)であることを特徴とする請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記生体試料(14)におけるバクテリアの存在及び/又は検出能力を高めることが可能な溶解物質を使用するステップを備え、
前記溶解物質は、赤血球内部でバクテリアの検出を促進させることが可能であることを特徴とする請求項8記載の方法。 - 前記生体試料(14)を撹拌するために磁性素子を導入するステップを備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 患者から前記生体試料(14)を直接採取するために、真空下で前記試験管(12)に前記生体試料(14)を導入するステップを備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 見込まれる抗生物質の隔離物質が、生体試料(14)又はバクテリア培養(26)の内部に導入されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 前記試験管(12)に存在する圧力を検出するステップを備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- ストッパー(16)を備える試験管(12)に含まれる生体試料(14)の、限定されないが特に血液試料のバクテリアの活動を検出する検出装置であって、
前記検出装置は、小型化されて移動可能であるガスクロマトグラフィ検出装置又はマイクロ・ガスクロマトグラフ(22)を備え、
吸引部材(29)に接続される前記ストッパー(16)を穿孔し、前記試験管(12)のヘッドスペース(18)から気体サンプルを採取するための少なくとも1本の針(24)を備えており、
少なくとも前記吸引部材(29)は、制御及び命令装置(28)により調整されることを特徴とする装置。 - 前記試験管(12)に再び前記ヘッドスペース(18)から採取される量の前記気体サンプルを再導入するのに適した2本目の針(24)を少なくとも備え、
前記2本目の針(24)は、試験管(12)内にある量の前記気体サンプルを導入するための導入部材(33)に接続されることを特徴とする請求項15記載のバクテリアの活動を検出する検出装置。 - 前記マイクロ・ガスクロマトグラフ(22)は、1ppm〜10ppmの前記生体試料(14)のバクテリアの存在に関係する、無機物(例えば特にCO2、H2、及び/又はO2)を同定するように構成されることを特徴とする請求項15又は16記載のバクテリアの活動を検出する検出装置。
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