JP2018523805A - 天然ガス液化プラントからの液化天然ガスの流れを膨張させて貯蔵するためのプロセス、及び関連したプラント - Google Patents
天然ガス液化プラントからの液化天然ガスの流れを膨張させて貯蔵するためのプロセス、及び関連したプラント Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018523805A JP2018523805A JP2018501278A JP2018501278A JP2018523805A JP 2018523805 A JP2018523805 A JP 2018523805A JP 2018501278 A JP2018501278 A JP 2018501278A JP 2018501278 A JP2018501278 A JP 2018501278A JP 2018523805 A JP2018523805 A JP 2018523805A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 87
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 82
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005380 natural gas recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
- F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
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- F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
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Abstract
Description
− 膨張装置内で液化天然ガスの流れをフラッシュ膨張させて、膨張した液化天然ガスの流れを形成する工程、
− 膨張した液化天然ガスの流れをフラッシュエンドキャパシタに移す工程、
− フラッシュエンドキャパシタの底部で、液化天然ガスの液体流を回収する工程、
− 液化天然ガスの液体流を少なくとも1つの液化天然ガスタンクに搬送する工程、
− フラッシュエンドキャパシタの塔頂部で、フラッシュガスの気体流を取り出す工程、
− 液化天然ガスタンクの塔頂部で、ボイルオフガスの気体流を回収する工程、
− フラッシュガスの気体流とボイルオフガスの気体流を混合して、混合気体流を形成する工程、及び
− 混合気体流を少なくとも1つの圧縮装置で圧縮して、圧縮した可燃性ガスの流れを形成する工程
を有する天然ガス液化プラントからの液化天然ガスの流れを膨張させて貯蔵するためのプロセスに関する。
− 圧縮した可燃性ガスの流れからバイパス流を取り出す工程、
− バイパス流を少なくとも1つの下流側の圧縮器で圧縮して、圧縮したバイパス流を形成する工程、
− 圧縮したバイパス流を冷却する工程、
− 圧縮したバイパス流を膨張させて、膨張したバイパス流を形成する工程、
− 膨張したバイパス流からの少なくとも第1の流れを少なくとも1つの下流側の熱交換器で再加熱する工程、及び
− 再加熱した第1の流れを、混合気体流、及び/又はボイルオフガスの気体流及びフラッシュガスの気体流の少なくとも1つに圧縮装置の上流側で再導入する工程
を有する。
− 下流側の分離フラスコの塔頂部で第1の気体流を取り出し、第1の気体流を、混合気体流、及び/又はボイルオフガスの気体流及びフラッシュガスの気体流の少なくとも1つに圧縮装置の上流側で再導入する工程、及び
− 下流側の分離フラスコの底部で第2の液体バイパス流を回収して、第2の液体バイパス流をフラッシュエンドキャパシタの上流側で、膨張した液化天然ガスの流れに導入する工程
を有する。
− 液化する処理天然ガスの流れを準備する工程、
− 処理天然ガスの流れの少なくとも第1の部分を下流側の熱交換器に導入して、第1の流れとの熱交換関係に置く工程、及び
− 処理天然ガスの流れの第1の部分を下流側の熱交換器内で第1の流れとの熱交換によって少なくとも部分的に液化する工程
を有する。
− 処理天然ガスの流れを処理天然ガスの流れの第1の部分及び処理天然ガスの流れの第2の部分に分離する工程、
− 処理天然ガスの流れの少なくとも第2の部分を更なる熱交換器に導入して、フラッシュガスの流れとの熱交換関係に置く工程、
− フラッシュガスの流れを加熱することにより、処理天然ガスの流れの第2の部分を更なる熱交換器内で液化する工程、及び
− フラッシュエンドキャパシタの上流側で、処理された液化天然ガスの流れの第2の部分を、膨張装置からの膨張した液化天然ガスの流れに導入する工程
を有する。
− 圧縮したバイパス流から再循環流を取り出す工程、及び
− 再循環流の少なくとも一部を下流側の熱交換器内で第1の流れとの熱交換によって液化する工程
を更に有する。
− 液化天然ガスの流れのフラッシュ膨張を行って膨張した液化天然ガスの流れを形成することが可能な膨張装置と、
− 膨張装置からの膨張した液化天然ガスの流れを受けることが可能なフラッシュエンドキャパシタと、
− フラッシュエンドキャパシタの底部で液化天然ガスの液体流を回収するための組立体と、
− 少なくとも1つの液化天然ガスタンク、及び液化天然ガスの液体流を液化天然ガスタンクに搬送するための組立体と、
− フラッシュエンドキャパシタの塔頂部でフラッシュガスの気体流を取り出すための組立体と、
− 液化天然ガスタンクの塔頂部でボイルオフガスの気体流を回収するための組立体と、
− フラッシュガスの気体流とボイルオフガスの気体流を混合して、混合気体流を形成するための組立体と、
− 混合気体流を圧縮して、圧縮した可燃性ガスの流れを形成することが可能な少なくとも1つの圧縮装置と、
− 圧縮した可燃性ガスの流れからバイパス流を取り出すための組立体と、
− バイパス流を圧縮して、圧縮したバイパス流を形成するための少なくとも1つの下流側の圧縮器と、
− 膨張したバイパス流を形成するために、圧縮したバイパス流を冷却するための下流側の熱交換器と、
− 圧縮したバイパス流を少なくとも部分的に膨張させて液化するためのデバイスと、
− 膨張したバイパス流からの少なくとも第1の流れを下流側の熱交換器に導入して、第1の流れの再加熱を可能にするための組立体と、
− 再加熱した第1の流れを、混合気体流、及び/又はボイルオフガスの気体流及びフラッシュガスの気体流の少なくとも1つに圧縮装置の上流側で再導入するための組立体と
を備えた天然ガス液化プラントからの液化天然ガスの流れを膨張させて貯蔵するためのプラントに更に関する。
− 下流側の分離フラスコと、
− 下流側の分離フラスコの塔頂部で気体としての第1の流れを取り出し、第1の流れを、混合気体流、及び/又はボイルオフガスの気体流及びフラッシュガスの気体流の少なくとも1つに圧縮装置の上流側で再導入するための組立体と、
− 下流側の分離フラスコの底部で第2の液体バイパス流を回収して、フラッシュエンド分離フラスコの上流側で第2の液体バイパス流を膨張した液化天然ガスの流れに導入するための組立体と
を備えている。
− 圧縮したバイパス流から再循環流を取り出すための組立体と、
− 再循環流の少なくとも一部を下流側の熱交換器に導入して、下流側の熱交換器内で少なくとも部分的に液化するための組立体と
を備えている。
Claims (16)
- 天然ガス液化プラント(12)からの液化天然ガスの流れ(22)を膨張させて貯蔵するためのプロセスであって、
− 膨張装置(24)内で液化天然ガスの流れ(22)をフラッシュ膨張させて、膨張した液化天然ガスの流れ(42)を形成する工程、
− 膨張した液化天然ガスの流れ(42)をフラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) に移す工程、
− 前記フラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) の底部で液化天然ガスの液体流(46)を回収する工程、
− 液化天然ガスの液体流(46)を少なくとも1つの液化天然ガスタンク(28)に搬送する工程、
− 前記フラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) の塔頂部で、フラッシュガスの気体流(48)を取り出す工程、
− 前記液化天然ガスタンク(28)の塔頂部で、ボイルオフガスの気体流(52)を回収する工程、
− フラッシュガスの気体流(48)とボイルオフガスの気体流(52)を混合して、混合気体流(54)を形成する工程、
− 混合気体流(54)を少なくとも1つの圧縮装置(30)で圧縮して、圧縮した可燃性ガスの流れ(32)を形成する工程、
− 圧縮した可燃性ガスの流れ(32)からバイパス流(36)を取り出す工程、
− 前記バイパス流(36)を少なくとも1つの下流側の圧縮器(34)で圧縮して、圧縮したバイパス流(66)を形成する工程、
− 圧縮したバイパス流(66)を冷却する工程、
− 圧縮したバイパス流(66)を膨張させて、膨張したバイパス流(68)を形成する工程、
− 膨張したバイパス流(68)からの少なくとも第1の流れ(68; 70)を少なくとも1つの下流側の熱交換器(40)で再加熱する工程、及び
− 再加熱した第1の流れ(68; 70)を、混合気体流(54)、及び/又はボイルオフガスの気体流(52)及びフラッシュガスの気体流(48)の少なくとも1つに前記圧縮装置(30)の上流側で再導入する工程
を有することを特徴とするプロセス。 - 少なくとも部分的に液体の膨張したバイパス流(68)を下流側の分離フラスコ(112) に導入し、
− 下流側の前記分離フラスコ(112) の塔頂部で気体としての第1の流れ(70)を取り出し、前記第1の流れ(70)を、混合気体流(54)、及び/又はボイルオフガスの気体流(52)及びフラッシュガスの気体流(48)の少なくとも1つに前記圧縮装置(30)の上流側で再導入する工程、及び
− 下流側の前記分離フラスコ(112) の底部で第2の液体バイパス流(114) を回収して、前記第2の液体バイパス流(114) を前記フラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) の上流側で、膨張した液化天然ガスの流れ(42)に導入する工程
を更に有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロセス。 - 膨張したバイパス流(68)全体が前記第1の流れ(70)を構成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 下流側の圧縮器(34)からの圧縮したバイパス流(66)を下流側の熱交換器(40)に導入して、前記第1の流れ(70)との熱交換関係に置くことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- ボイルオフガスの気体流(52)を下流側の前記熱交換器(40)に導入して、前記第1の流れ(70)との熱交換関係に置くことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- − 液化する処理天然ガスの流れ(72)を準備する工程、
− 処理天然ガスの流れ(72)の少なくとも第1の部分(74)を下流側の前記熱交換器(40)に導入して、前記第1の流れ(70)との熱交換関係に置く工程、及び
− 処理天然ガスの流れ(72)の第1の部分(74)を下流側の前記熱交換器(40)内で前記第1の流れ(68; 70)との熱交換によって少なくとも部分的に液化する工程
を更に有することを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 - 前記フラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) の上流側で、処理された液化天然ガスの流れ(72)の第1の部分(74)を、前記膨張装置(24)からの膨張した液化天然ガスの流れ(42)に導入する工程を更に有することを特徴とする請求項6に記載のプロセス。
- − 処理天然ガスの流れを処理天然ガスの流れ(72)の第1の部分(74)及び処理天然ガスの流れ(72)の第2の部分(76)に分離する工程、
− 処理天然ガスの流れ(72)の少なくとも第2の部分(76)を更なる熱交換器(41)に導入して、フラッシュガスの流れ(48)との熱交換関係に置く工程、
− フラッシュガスの流れ(48)を加熱することにより、処理天然ガスの流れ(72)の第2の部分(76)を前記更なる熱交換器(41)内で液化する工程、及び
− 前記フラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) の上流側で、処理された液化天然ガスの流れ(72)の第2の部分(76)を、前記膨張装置(24)からの膨張した液化天然ガスの流れ(42)に導入する工程
を更に有することを特徴とする請求項6又は7に記載のプロセス。 - − 圧縮したバイパス流(66)から再循環流(122) を取り出す工程、及び
− 前記再循環流(122) の少なくとも一部(124) を下流側の前記熱交換器(40)内で前記第1の流れ(68; 70)との熱交換によって液化する工程
を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 - 前記フラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) は、フラッシュエンド分離フラスコ(26)又はフラッシュエンド蒸留塔(132) であることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記膨張装置(24)は動的膨張タービン(25)を有していることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 天然ガス液化プラント(12)からの液化天然ガスの流れを膨張させて貯蔵するためのプラントであって、
− 液化天然ガスの流れ(22)のフラッシュ膨張を行って膨張した液化天然ガスの流れ(42)を形成することが可能な膨張装置(24)と、
− 前記膨張装置(24)からの膨張した液化天然ガスの流れ(42)を受けることが可能なフラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) と、
− 前記フラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) の底部で液化天然ガスの液体流(46)を回収するための組立体と、
− 少なくとも1つの液化天然ガスタンク(28)、及び液化天然ガスの液体流(46)を前記液化天然ガスタンク(28)に搬送するための組立体と、
− 前記フラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) の塔頂部でフラッシュガスの気体流(48)を取り出すための組立体と、
− 前記液化天然ガスタンク(28)の塔頂部でボイルオフガスの気体流(52)を回収するための組立体と、
− フラッシュガスの気体流(48)及びボイルオフガスの気体流(52)を混合して、混合気体流(54)を形成するための組立体と、
− 混合気体流(54)を圧縮して、圧縮した可燃性ガスの流れ(32)を形成することが可能な少なくとも1つの圧縮装置(30)と、
− 圧縮した可燃性ガスの流れ(32)からバイパス流(36)を取り出すための組立体と、
− 前記バイパス流(36)を圧縮して、圧縮したバイパス流(66)を形成するための少なくとも1つの下流側の圧縮器(34)と、
− 膨張したバイパス流(68)を形成するために、圧縮したバイパス流(66)を冷却するための下流側の熱交換器(40)と、
− 圧縮したバイパス流(66)を少なくとも部分的に膨張させて液化するためのデバイスと、
− 膨張したバイパス流(68)からの少なくとも第1の流れ(68; 70)を下流側の前記熱交換器(40)に導入して、前記第1の流れ(68; 70)の再加熱を可能にするための組立体と、
− 前記第1の流れ(68; 70)を、混合気体流(54)、及び/又はボイルオフガスの気体流(52)及びフラッシュガスの気体流(48)の少なくとも1つに前記圧縮装置(30)の上流側で再導入するための組立体と
を備えていることを特徴とするプラント。 - 前記第1の流れ(68)は膨張したバイパス流(68)全体から構成されることを特徴とする請求項12に記載のプラント。
- − 下流側の分離フラスコ(112) と、
− 下流側の前記分離フラスコ(112) の塔頂部で気体としての前記第1の流れ(70)を取り出し、前記第1の流れ(70)を、混合気体流(54)、及び/又はボイルオフガスの気体流(52)及びフラッシュガスの気体流(48)の少なくとも1つに前記圧縮装置(30)の上流側で再導入するための組立体と、
− 下流側の前記分離フラスコ(112) の底部で第2の液体バイパス流(114) を回収して、前記フラッシュエンドキャパシタ(26; 132) の上流側で前記第2の液体バイパス流(114) を膨張した液化天然ガスの流れ(42)に導入するための組立体と
を更に備えていることを特徴とする請求項12に記載のプラント。 - 下流側の前記熱交換器(40)は、前記第1の流れ(68; 70)、及び液化する処理ガスの流れ(72)の少なくとも一部(74)を熱交換関係に置くことができることを特徴とする請求項12〜14のいずれか一項に記載のプラント。
- − 圧縮したバイパス流(66)から再循環流(122) を取り出すための組立体と、
− 再循環流(122) の少なくとも一部(124) を下流側の前記熱交換器(40)に導入して、下流側の前記熱交換器(40)内で少なくとも部分的に液化するための組立体と
を更に備えていることを特徴とする請求項12〜14のいずれか一項に記載のプラント。
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