JP2018512402A - Epcam陽性膀胱癌を標的とする投薬戦略 - Google Patents
Epcam陽性膀胱癌を標的とする投薬戦略 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018512402A JP2018512402A JP2017548142A JP2017548142A JP2018512402A JP 2018512402 A JP2018512402 A JP 2018512402A JP 2017548142 A JP2017548142 A JP 2017548142A JP 2017548142 A JP2017548142 A JP 2017548142A JP 2018512402 A JP2018512402 A JP 2018512402A
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2015年3月12日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/132,251号および2015年12月15日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/267,386号の優先権を主張し、これらの出願のそれぞれの内容は、その全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
本明細書と共に電子的に提出されるテキストファイルの内容は、その全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる:配列表のコンピュータ可読フォーマットコピー(ファイル名: VIVE_029_00US_SeqList_ST25.txt);記録日: 2015年3月6日;ファイルサイズ25KB)。
本開示は、膀胱癌の処置方法であって、処置が必要な対象に、Ep−CAMに特異的な結合タンパク質および毒素を含む免疫複合体を投与することを含み、免疫複合体は、誘導相と、任意選択により維持相と、を含む投薬レジメンで投与される方法を提供する。一部の実施形態において、膀胱癌は、非筋肉侵襲性膀胱癌(NMIBC)である。他のタイプの膀胱癌として、初期ステージの膀胱癌、非転移性膀胱癌、原発性膀胱癌、進行(advanced)膀胱癌、局所進行(advanced)膀胱癌(例えば切除不能な局所進行(advanced)膀胱癌)、転移性膀胱癌、寛解期にある膀胱癌、進行性(progressive)膀胱癌、または再発膀胱癌が挙げられる。一部の実施形態において、対象は、膀胱癌であると診断されたか、膀胱癌を発症するリスクがある。一部の実施形態において、膀胱癌は、他の処置オプション、例えば桿菌Calmette−Guerin(BCG)処置またはインターフェロン処置に難治性である(refractory)、または不耐性であるNMIBCである。
一態様において、本開示は、Ep−CAMに結合する結合タンパク質および毒素を含む免疫複合体を提供する。一実施形態において、結合タンパク質は、抗体またはそのフラグメントである。抗体およびそのフラグメントは、ポリクローナル抗体、モノクローナル抗体、Fab、Fab’、(Fab')2、単鎖フラグメント(scFv)、ジスルフィド安定化フラグメント(dsFv)、単一ドメイン抗体(sdAb)、ダイアボディ、およびcys−ダイアボディ(システインで修飾されたダイアボディ)から選択される。一部の実施形態において、ダイアボディとして、二価抗体、二重特異的抗体、または抗体フラグメントが挙げられる。一部の実施形態において、ダイアボディとして、同じ、または異なる抗体ポリペプチドまたは抗体フラグメントポリペプチドで構成される二価抗体が挙げられる;ゆえに、一部の実施形態において、ダイアボディは、ホモマルチマーまたはヘテロマルチマーである。抗体およびそのフラグメントは、IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1、IgA2、IgD、IgE、およびIgMからなる群から選択される免疫グロブリン定常領域を含んでよい。抗体またはそのフラグメントは、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ハムスター、およびヒトを含む任意の種由来であってよい。一実施形態において、抗体またはフラグメントはキメラである。キメラ抗体またはそのフラグメントは、非ヒト動物の可変領域、およびヒトの定常領域または定常領域の一部を組み合わせた抗体分子である。
一態様において、本開示は、ヒトEp−CAMの細胞外ドメインに結合する抗体フラグメントおよび毒素を含む免疫複合体を提供する。一部の実施形態において、免疫毒素は、複数の毒素を含む。例えば、一部の実施形態において、免疫複合体は、複数の毒素を含むダイアボディを含む。
本発明に有用な免疫複合体は、リンカー、例えばペプチドリンカーを含んでよい。例えば、一部の実施形態において、免疫複合体は、毒素分子にペプチドリンカーを介して連結されたEp−CAM結合タンパク質を含む。ペプチドリンカーは、切断可能リンカーであっても切断可能でないリンカーであってもよい。切断可能ペプチドリンカーは、当該技術において知られており、フーリン感受性リンカー、カテプシン感受性リンカー、メタロプロテイナーゼリンカー、およびリソソーム加水分解酵素感受性リンカーを含むが、これらに限定されない。一部の実施形態において、リンカーは、フレキシブルリンカーである。ペプチドリンカーは、約5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、または30個以上のアミノ酸長であってよい。ある実施形態において、本開示は、膀胱癌を処置する方法であって、処置が必要な対象に、Ep−CAMに特異的に結合する結合タンパク質、毒素分子、および結合タンパク質を毒素分子に連結するペプチドリンカーを含む免疫複合体を投与することを含む方法を提供する。
本開示の一態様において、免疫複合体はViciniumである。Viciniumは、活性医薬成分VB4−845を含有し、これは、ETA(252−608)に連結された、上皮細胞接着分子(EpCAM)抗原に特異的なヒト化単鎖抗体フラグメント(scFv)を発現する大腸菌(Escherichia coli)中で産生される、組換え融合タンパク質である。VB4−845は、米国特許第8,545,840号に開示されており、この特許は、その全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。VB4−845の配列が、以下の表1に記載される。
本明細書中で用いられる用語「動物」は、ヒトを含む動物界の全メンバーを含む。本明細書中で用いられる用語「対象」または「患者」は、脊索動物亜門の任意のメンバーを指し、限定されないが、ヒト、ならびに、非ヒト霊長目、例えばチンパンジーおよび他の類人猿、ならびにサル種を含む他の霊長目を含む。用語「哺乳類」および「動物」は、この定義に含まれる。特定の実施形態において、本明細書中で用いられる用語「対象」は、膀胱癌、例えば非筋肉侵襲性膀胱癌と診断されたヒトを指す。
以前にBCGによる処置が失敗した対象において、非筋肉侵襲性CISおよび/または膀胱の高悪性度の乳頭状疾患の処置についてのVicinium治療の有効性および耐性を評価する研究を行う。
一態様において、研究のプライマリエンドポイントは、Vicinium治療の18カ月後の無イベント生存期間である。無イベント生存期間を、免疫複合体(Vicinium)の第1の投薬の日付から、事象までの間隔と定義する。事象を、持続性の高悪性度の疾患、高悪性度の腫瘍の再発、筋肉侵襲性膀胱癌への腫瘍の進行、任意の理由のための膀胱切除、または死亡と定義する。腫瘍の再発または進行を、膀胱生検によって組織学的に確認する。
研究は、以前のBCG処置が失敗した、非筋肉侵襲性膀胱癌(上皮内癌(CIS)、高悪性度Taもしくは任意の悪性度のT1乳頭状疾患、またはCISプラス乳頭状疾患)を組織学的に確認した対象における、Viciniumの非盲検非ランダム化多施設反復投薬研究である。対象として、BCG(インターフェロンを伴うかまたは伴わない)の2サイクルにわたる少なくとも7回の滴下注入(少なくとも5用量の1誘導コース+少なくとも2用量の1維持サイクル、または2誘導コース)を受けて反応しなかった対象(BCG難治性の対象)、または、先に述べたように、BCG治療の少なくとも9回の滴下注入後の、無病状態を達成した後に再発した対象(BCG再発対象)を含むであろう。
対象は、誘導相中の6週の間に週2回(BIW)、かつ6週の間に週1回、Viciniumを受け、そしてその後、資格があるならば、維持相に入る。誘導相の後に高悪性度の疾患の組織学的証拠がない対象のみ、維持相に入る資格がある。誘導相および維持相用の処置レジメンを、以下の表4に記載する。
参加資格を得るために、対象は、スクリーニング/ベースライン来院時に、以下の組み入れ基準の全てを満たさなければならない:
1.組織学的に確認される高悪性度の非筋肉侵襲性膀胱癌−CIS、TaもしくはT1乳頭状疾患、または両方。この診断は、試験、および研究処置の開始において、対象の登録の前に、プロトコルで規定した、独立した中心的な病状レビュアによって確認される。
2.CIS、または膀胱の高悪性度のTaもしくは任意の悪性度のT1、またはBCG難治性もしくはBCG抵抗性疾患のためのBCG治療(インターフェロンを伴うかまたは伴わない)の受入れおよび失敗(すなわち、不耐性でない)が記録される。男性、または同意の日に妊娠していない、授乳していない、18歳以上の女性。
3.出産能のある女性、および妊娠可能年齢のパートナーがいる全ての男性は、24カ月の研究期間中に適切な避妊技術を用いること、または自制に同意する場合にのみ、資格がある。出産能がある女性は、以下の基準の少なくとも1つを満たすと定義する:a)両側卵管卵巣摘出、卵管結紮、および/または子宮摘出を経験していない;b)50歳を超え、かつ最近の24カ月以内に少なくとも1回の月経期間があった。
4.膀胱生検が、Viciniumの投与前の8週以内に、腫瘍の位置をマッピングし、かつ膀胱の患部を定量化している。
5.少なくとも4年の余命。
6.適切な器官は、以下の基準によって定義されるように、機能する:
a.血清アスパルテートアミノトランスフェラーゼ(AST)およびアラニンアミノトランスフェラーゼ(ALT)≦3.0×正常な上限(ULN);
b.総血清ビリルビン≦1.5×ULN(CTCAE Grade≦1);
c.血清クレアチニン≦2.0×ULN;血清クレアチニン>1×ULNの対象はまた、クレアチニンクリアランスが≧50mL/分でなければならない;
d.ヘモグロビン≧8.0g/dL;治療薬エリトロポイエチン調製物(すなわち、エポエチンアルファ、ダーベポエチンアルファ)を受けている対象は、登録する資格がある;
e.好中球の絶対数≧1500×109/L;
f.血小板≧75,000×109/L。
7.対象(または法定代理人)が、登録前に試験の全ての関連する事項について知らされ、そして予定された来院、処置計画、臨床検査、および他の研究手順に応じる気があり、かつそうすることができることを示す、独立倫理委員会、または治験審査委員会が承認したインフォームドコンセント文書を理解し、かつ署名する能力がある。
8.対象が妊娠中であり、または授乳している。
9.生検もしくは上部尿路放射線イメージング(例えば、静脈内腎盂像影、コンピュータ断層撮影尿路造影図、または逆行性腎盂造影)による尿道もしくは上部尿路移行上皮癌(TCC)の証拠、または過去2年以内の骨盤イメージングによるより高ステージの疾患の証拠。
10.水腎症の対象。但し、水腎症が以前からあり(すなわち、2年超、CIS、Ta、またはT1の診断に先行する)、そして、スクリーニング時の診断評価が腫瘍の証拠を示さない対象を除く。
11.Viciniumの最初の投与前の2週以内の任意の膀胱内処置もしくは他の化学療法処置、または4週以内の任意の治験薬。
12.現在の重篤な尿路感染症、または再発性の重篤な細菌性膀胱炎の病歴。
13.調査者の見解では、対象の、膀胱内治療および/または全身麻酔の施与からの合併症の発症の素因となるであろう、泌尿生殖器系、腎臓系、肝胆道系、心血管系、消化管系、神経系、または造血系の、活動性の、コントロールされていない障害。
14.研究の24カ月の間に、付随する癌治療を必要とすることとなる他の原発性悪性腫瘍(扁平上皮癌または基底細胞癌以外)の病歴。
15.ECGスクリーニング時の、男性について>450ミリ秒、または女性について>470ミリ秒のQTc間隔。発見が、治療可能な原因(例えば、低カリウム血症、低マグネシウム血症)に起因するならば、対象の適格性を判定するために、治療直後の反復ECGを実行してよい。
16.調査者の見解では、重症の合併状態(例えば、コントロールされていない心臓障害または呼吸器障害)の存在に起因して、膀胱内投与または膀胱内外科操作(膀胱鏡検査、生検)に耐えることができない対象。
標準的な膀胱鏡検査を実行する。資格取得のために研究に用いる診断サンプルについて蛍光ガイド下で生検を受けた任意の対象が、研究の全体を通して、この形式を膀胱鏡検査に用い続けなければならない。各膀胱鏡評価の間、各腫瘍位置の記録、および影響が及ぶ膀胱の領域全体の定量化を含む膀胱マッピングを実行しなければならない。膀胱鏡検査を、誘導相の終わりに、そして維持相中に3カ月毎に実行する。膀胱鏡検査を、上記の各時点での最後の投薬の少なくとも1週、しかし2週以内にすべきである。Vicinium投与の最後の投薬後の2週以内に、膀胱鏡検査を最終の来院時にも実行する。
有害事象(AE)は、医薬品が投与された対象における、任意の好ましくない医学的な出来事と定義され、処置との因果関係を有する必要が必ずしもあるわけではない。したがって、AEは、医薬品の使用と時間的に関連するが、医薬品に関係しているか否かを問わない、好適でなく、かつ予想外の任意の徴候(異常な臨床検査の知見を含み得る)、症候、または疾患であり得る。また、対象が疾患変動の正常な範囲内になければ、研究または他の医学的条件下での当該対象の疾患の任意の悪化を、AEとみなす。臨床検査異常は、臨床徴候もしくは臨床症候を誘導し、ベースラインにて存在しないで、積極的処置中にGrade 3もしくはGrade 4の毒性度に悪化する新たな診断に至り、または治療を必要とするほどに臨床的に重大である場合についてのみ、AEを構成する。重大な有害事象(SAE)を構成し、またはViciniumの中断の原因となる異常な臨床検査値を、AEとして報告し、かつ記録しなければならない。全AEを適切に処置するべきである。インフォームドコンセントの署名時から、研究の中断後の30日まで起こる、疑わしい因果関係を問わない全AEを、以下の最小の情報と共に、有害事象CRF(AE CRF)上に記録しなければならない:事象のタイプ、期間(開始日および終了日)、重篤度、重大性、Viciniumとの因果関係、とられた措置、および結果。NCI−CTCAE(バージョン4.03)を用いて、全AEを評価する;該当する場合、同じスケールを用いて、研究前の症状を等級分けする。各事例について、到達した最も高い重篤度を記録するべきである。NCI−CTCAEに含まれない有害事象を記録する。強度(軽度、中等度、または重度)、およびViciniumとの関係(関係なし、関係なさそう、もしかしたら関係していそう、おそらく関係している、または明らかに関係している)を、調査者が等級分けする。
・死亡;
・調査者またはスポンサーの見解で、死亡の緊急のリスクにあると患者または対象を評価するAEと定義される、致命的AE。これは、より重篤な形態で起こって、死亡を引き起こす虞があったAEまたは疑わしい有害反応を含まない;
・正常な生活機能を行う能力の、持続性障害または重大な障害/能力欠如または実質的破壊;
・先天異常/先天性欠陥;
・入院患者の入院または既存の入院の延長。以下を入院とみなすことはない:
oインフォームドコンセント前に存在し、悪化しなかった症状についての選択的な、もしくは事前に計画された病院滞在、または社会的理由のための病院滞在。
o上記のSAEの定義のいずれかを満たしておらず、かつ病院の承認が出ていない事象についての、緊急外来患者に基づく処置。観察のための「23時間」入院は、SAE報告の適切さを判定するために、医学モニターと議論するべきである。
o症状の任意の悪化に関連しない、研究される徴候のルーチンの処置または監視。
・適切な医学的判断に基づいて、先に記載した結果の1つを予防するために、患者または対象を危険に曝し得、かつ医学的介入または外科的介入を必要とし得る場合に、死亡に至り得ず、致命的であり得ず、または入院を必要とし得ない重要な医学的事象を、重大とみなしてよい。
・総ビリルビン、ALT、AST、アルカリホスファターゼ、アルブミン、ラクテートデヒドロゲナーゼ、BUN、クレアチニン、グルコース、ナトリウム、カリウム、カルシウム、リンを含む血清化学
・全血球数(CBC)と分画、ヘモグロビン、ヘマトクリット、および血小板を含む血液学的検査
・赤血球(RBC)および白血球(WBC)の計数による尿検査
全ての仮説検定についての第I種(アルファエラー)を0.05に設定することにし、全ての統計試験は両側である。全ての信頼区間は、95%両側信頼区間である。カテゴリ尺度および順序尺度についての各カテゴリにおける対象の頻度およびパーセンテージ、ならびに連続尺度についての平均、標準偏差(SD)、中央値、最小値、および最大値を報告することによって、データを要約する。
1. American Urological Association. Guideline for the management of noninvasive bladder cancer: (stages Ta, T1, Tis): 2007 update. Updated February 2014. Available at: https://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/bladder-cancer.cfm. Last accessed April 25, 2014.
2. Anastasiadis A, de Reijke TM. Best practice in the treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. Ther Adv Urol. 2012;4(1):13-32.
3. Babjuk M, Burger M, Zigeuner R, et al. EAU guidelines on non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: update 2013. Eur Urol. 2013;64(4):639-53.
4. Bladder cancer treatment (PDQ(R)). General information about bladder cancer. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/bladder/HealthProfessional/page1. Last accessed April 25, 2014.
5. Kowalski M, Entwistle J, Cizeau J, et al. A phase I study of an intravesically administered immunotoxin targeting EpCAM for the treatment of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer in BCG- refractory and BCG-intolerant patients. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2010;4:313-20.
6. Kowalski M, Guindon J, Brazas L, et al. A phase II study of oportuzumab monatox: an immunotoxin therapy for patients with noninvasive urothelial carcinoma in situ previously treated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin. J Urol. 2012;188(5):1712-8.
7. Oppenhemier NJ, Bodley JW. Diptheria toxin. Site and configuration of ADP-ribosylation diphthamide in elongation factor 2. J Biol Chem. 1981;256(16):8579-81.
8. Sylvester RJ, van der Meijden A, Witjes JA, et al. High-grade Ta urothelial carcinoma and carcinoma in situ of the bladder. Urology. 2005;66(6 Suppl 1):90-107.
9. Sylvester RJ. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Int J Urol. 2011;18(2):113-20.
Claims (98)
- それを必要とする対象において、膀胱癌を処置する方法であって、前記対象に免疫複合体を投与することを含み、前記免疫複合体が、(i)ヒトEp−CAMの細胞外ドメインに結合する結合タンパク質と、(ii)毒素とを含み;
前記免疫複合体が、前記対象に、少なくとも約6週連続の第1の投薬期間、週2回投与され、その後、第2の投薬期間、前記免疫複合体が、少なくとも約6週連続の期間、週1回投与される、方法。 - 前記結合タンパク質が、抗体またはそのフラグメントである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体またはそのフラグメントが、モノクローナル抗体、Fab、Fab’、(Fab’)2、単鎖フラグメント(scFv)、ジスルフィド安定化フラグメント(dsFv)、または単一ドメイン抗体(sdAb)である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体またはそのフラグメントが、配列番号7で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である重鎖CDR1;配列番号8で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である重鎖CDR2;配列番号9で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である重鎖CDR3;配列番号4で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である軽鎖CDR1;配列番号5で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である軽鎖CDR2;および配列番号6で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である軽鎖CDR3を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体またはそのフラグメントが、配列番号7、8、および9で示されるアミノ酸配列からそれぞれなる重鎖CDR1、CDR2、およびCDR3;ならびに、配列番号4、5、および6で示されるアミノ酸配列からそれぞれなる軽鎖CDR1、CDR2、およびCDR3を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体またはそのフラグメントがヒト化されている、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体フラグメントがヒト化scFvである、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化scFvが、配列番号3に対する相同性が少なくとも80%であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化scFvが、配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記毒素がETA(252−608)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ETA(252−608)が、配列番号11に対する相同性が少なくとも80%であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記ETA(252−608)が、配列番号11のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記結合タンパク質が、ペプチドリンカーによって前記毒素に接続している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドリンカーが、切断可能リンカーまたは切断可能でないリンカーである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記切断可能リンカーが、フーリン感受性リンカー、カテプシン感受性リンカー、メタロプロテイナーゼリンカー、またはリソソーム加水分解酵素感受性リンカーである、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記切断可能でないリンカーがフレキシブルリンカーである、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記フレキシブルリンカーが、10〜30個のアミノ酸長である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記フレキシブルリンカーが、20個のアミノ酸長である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記フレキシブルリンカーが、配列番号10に対する相同性が少なくとも80%であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記フレキシブルリンカーが、配列番号10のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、配列番号2に対する相同性が少なくとも80%であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、前記対象に、1用量あたり約10mg〜約60mgの用量レベルにて投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、前記対象に、1用量あたり約30mgの用量レベルにて投与される、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の投薬期間の用量が、少なくとも48時間の間隔を空けて投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の投薬期間におけるいずれか7日の期間内に、2回以下の用量が投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、膀胱中への滴下注入によって投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、カテーテルを介して投与される、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 膀胱が、前記免疫複合体の投与前に前記カテーテルを介して空にされる、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が膀胱内に2時間保持される、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が膀胱内にある間、前記対象が、立位、腹臥位、背臥位、ならびに左側臥位および右側臥位の姿勢にある、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、立位、腹臥位、背臥位、ならびに左側臥位および右側臥位の姿勢に、1姿勢あたり少なくとも15分間ある、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 前記膀胱癌が、BCGレフラクティブまたはBCG抵抗性である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、BCGおよび/またはインターフェロンで以前に処置されている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、BCGおよび/またはインターフェロン治療に反応せず、あるいは前記対象が、BCGおよび/またはインターフェロン治療後に無病状態を達成したが、疾患がその後再発した、請求項34に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、BCGの2サイクルにわたる少なくとも9回の滴下注入を受けた、請求項34に記載の方法。
- 前記膀胱癌が、非筋肉侵襲性膀胱癌(NMIBC)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記NMIBCが、上皮内癌(CIS)、Ta、またはT1と分類される、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 投薬スケジュールが、前記免疫複合体を前記対象に第3の投薬期間投与することをさらに含み、前記免疫複合体が、前記第3の投薬期間、隔週で週1回投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第3の投薬期間が、前記第2の投薬期間後に、高悪性度の疾患の組織学的証拠がない対象において始まる、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記第3の投薬期間が、前記第2の投薬期間の終了から少なくとも1週後に開始される、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記第3の投薬期間が、前記第2の投薬期間の終了後、3週以内に開始される、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、前記第3の投薬期間、1用量あたり約10〜約60mgの用量にて投与される、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、1用量あたり約30mgの用量にて投与される、請求項43に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体の投与の前に膀胱腫瘍を除去することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記膀胱腫瘍が、経尿道切除を介して除去される、請求項45に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に少なくとも1つの更なる治療剤を投与することをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記更なる治療剤が、化学療法薬または放射線療法薬である、請求項47に記載の方法。
- 前記更なる治療剤が、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、パクリタキセル、ドセタキセル、5−フルオロウラシル、ブレオマイシン、メトトレキサート、イホスファミド、またはそれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項48に記載の方法。
- 前記更なる治療剤が、前記対象に、前記免疫複合体と同時に投与される、請求項49に記載の方法。
- それを必要とする対象において、膀胱癌を処置する方法であって:
前記対象の膀胱から、経尿道切除を介してNMIBC腫瘍を除去することと、
前記対象に免疫複合体を投与することと
を含み、前記免疫複合体が、(i)ヒトEp−CAMの細胞外ドメインに結合する結合タンパク質と、(ii)毒素とを含み;
前記免疫複合体が、前記対象に、少なくとも約6週連続の第1の投薬期間、週2回投与され、その後、第2の投薬期間、前記免疫複合体が、前記対象に、少なくとも約6週連続の期間、週1回投与され、その後、第3の投薬期間、前記対象に、隔週で週1回、前記免疫複合体が投与される、方法。 - 前記結合タンパク質が、抗体またはそのフラグメントである、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体またはそのフラグメントが、配列番号7で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である重鎖CDR1;配列番号8で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である重鎖CDR2;配列番号9で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である重鎖CDR3;配列番号4で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である軽鎖CDR1;配列番号5で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である軽鎖CDR2;および配列番号6で示されるアミノ酸配列に対する相同性が少なくとも80%である軽鎖CDR3を含む、請求項52に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体またはそのフラグメントが、配列番号7、8、および9で示されるアミノ酸配列からそれぞれなる重鎖CDR1、CDR2、およびCDR3;ならびに、配列番号4、5、および6で示されるアミノ酸配列からそれぞれなる軽鎖CDR1、CDR2、およびCDR3を含む、請求項53に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体またはそのフラグメントが、モノクローナル抗体、Fab、Fab’、(Fab’)2、単鎖フラグメント(scFv)、ジスルフィド安定化フラグメント(dsFv)、または単一ドメイン抗体(sdAb)である、請求項52に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体またはそのフラグメントがヒト化されている、請求項55に記載の方法。
- 前記抗体フラグメントがヒト化scFvである、請求項56に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化scFvが、配列番号3に対する相同性が少なくとも80%であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項57に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化scFvが、配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項57に記載の方法。
- 前記毒素がETA(252−608)である、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記ETA(252−608)が、配列番号11に対する相同性が少なくとも80%であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記ETA(252−608)が、配列番号11のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 前記結合タンパク質が、ペプチドリンカーによって前記毒素に接続している、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドリンカーが、切断可能リンカーまたは切断可能でないリンカーである、請求項63に記載の方法。
- 前記切断可能リンカーが、フーリン感受性リンカー、カテプシン感受性リンカー、メタロプロテイナーゼリンカー、またはリソソーム加水分解酵素感受性リンカーである、請求項64に記載の方法。
- 前記切断可能でないリンカーがフレキシブルリンカーである、請求項64に記載の方法。
- 前記フレキシブルリンカーが、10〜30個のアミノ酸長である、請求項66に記載の方法。
- 前記フレキシブルリンカーが、20個のアミノ酸長である、請求項67に記載の方法。
- 前記フレキシブルリンカーが、配列番号10に対する相同性が少なくとも80%であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項66に記載の方法。
- 前記フレキシブルリンカーが、配列番号10のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項66に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、配列番号2に対する相同性が少なくとも80%であるアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、前記対象に、1用量あたり約10mg〜約60mgの用量レベルにて投与される、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、前記対象に、1用量あたり約30mgの用量レベルにて投与される、請求項73に記載の方法。
- 用量が、少なくとも48時間の間隔を空けて投与される、請求項51に記載の方法。
- いずれか7日の期間内に、2回以下の用量が投与される、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、膀胱中への滴下注入によって投与される、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が、カテーテルを介して投与される、請求項77に記載の方法。
- 膀胱が、前記免疫複合体の投与前に前記カテーテルを介して空にされる、請求項78に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が膀胱内に2時間保持される、請求項77に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体が膀胱内にある間、前記対象が、立位、腹臥位、背臥位、ならびに左側臥位および右側臥位の姿勢にある、請求項77に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、立位、腹臥位、背臥位、ならびに左側臥位および右側臥位の姿勢に、1姿勢あたり少なくとも15分間ある、請求項81に記載の方法。
- 前記膀胱癌が、BCGレフラクティブまたはBCG抵抗性である、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、BCGおよび/またはインターフェロンで以前に処置されている、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、BCGおよび/またはインターフェロン治療に反応せず、あるいは前記対象が、BCGおよび/またはインターフェロン治療後に無病状態を達成したが、疾患がその後再発した、請求項84に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、BCGの2サイクルにわたる少なくとも9回の滴下注入を受けた、請求項84に記載の方法。
- 前記膀胱癌が、非筋肉侵襲性膀胱癌(NMIBC)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記NMIBCが、上皮内癌(CIS)、Ta、またはT1と分類される、請求項87に記載の方法。
- 前記第3の投薬期間が、前記第2の投薬期間の終了から少なくとも1週後に開始される、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記第3の投薬期間が、前記第2の投薬期間の終了後、3週以内に開始される、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に少なくとも1つの更なる治療剤を投与することをさらに含む、請求項51に記載の方法。
- 前記更なる治療剤が、化学療法薬または放射線療法薬である、請求項91に記載の方法。
- 前記更なる治療剤が、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、パクリタキセル、ドセタキセル、5−フルオロウラシル、ブレオマイシン、メトトレキサート、イホスファミド、またはそれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項92に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫複合体がVB4−845である、請求項1から93のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 膀胱癌の処置に使用するための免疫複合体であって、(i)ヒトEp−CAMの細胞外ドメインに結合する結合タンパク質と、(ii)毒素とを含み;前記免疫複合体が、少なくとも6週連続の第1の投薬期間、週2回投与され、その後、第2の投薬期間、前記免疫複合体が、少なくとも6週連続の期間、週1回投与される、免疫複合体。
- 膀胱癌の処置に使用するための免疫複合体であって、(i)ヒトEp−CAMの細胞外ドメインに結合する結合タンパク質と、(ii)毒素とを含み;前記免疫複合体が、少なくとも6週連続の第1の投薬期間、週2回投与され、その後、第2の投薬期間、前記免疫複合体が、少なくとも6週連続の期間、週1回投与され、その後、第3の投薬期間、前記免疫複合体が、隔週で週1回、投与され、前記免疫複合体が、前記第1の投薬期間の前に、膀胱からNMBIC腫瘍を除去するための経尿道切除を経験した対象に投与される、免疫複合体。
- 前記第3の投薬期間が、最大24カ月の長さであるか、または疾患の再発もしくは疾患の進行までである、請求項96に記載の方法。
- 配列番号3が、配列番号4、5、6、7、8、および9を含む、請求項8、9、58、または59に記載の方法。
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WO2016145349A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-15 | Viventia Bio Inc. | Methods of treatment for epcam positive bladder cancer |
JP6847846B2 (ja) | 2015-03-12 | 2021-03-24 | セセン バイオ,インコーポレイテッド | Epcam陽性膀胱癌を標的とする投薬戦略 |
EP3426271A4 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2019-10-16 | Cold Genesys, Inc. | METHODS OF TREATING SOLID OR LYMPHATIC TUMORS BY POLYTHERAPY |
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WO2023222024A1 (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-11-23 | Bj Bioscience Inc. | Bispecific antibodies targeting epcam and cd3 |
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