JP2018171248A - Water discharge type foam fire-extinguisher, and water discharge type foam fire-extinguishing method - Google Patents
Water discharge type foam fire-extinguisher, and water discharge type foam fire-extinguishing method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、放水型消火設備に泡消火薬剤を用いた新規な放水型泡消火装置及び放水型泡消火方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a novel water discharge type foam fire extinguishing apparatus and a water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method using a foam fire extinguishing agent in a water discharge fire extinguishing facility.
火災発生時に自動的にスプリンクラーヘッドから水を放射して消火を行う消火設備として、従来から、水源に接続された送水ラインに配水管が接続され、その配水管から延び出た多数の巻出し管のそれぞれにスプリンクラーヘッドが接続されているような消火設備用スプリンクラー装置が知られている。 As fire extinguishing equipment that automatically radiates water from a sprinkler head in the event of a fire, a water distribution pipe has been connected to a water supply line connected to a water source, and a number of unwinding pipes extending from the water distribution pipe There is known a sprinkler device for fire extinguishing equipment in which a sprinkler head is connected to each of these.
この種のスプリンクラー装置においては、火災起動時のスプリンクラーヘッドの１個当りの放水圧力や放水量は消防法によりそれぞれ０．１ＭＰａで８０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ以上と義務付けられている。 In this type of sprinkler device, the water discharge pressure and water discharge amount per sprinkler head at the start of fire is obliged to be 80 L / min or more at 0.1 MPa, respectively, according to the Fire Service Act.
しかしながら、実際の火災起動時には、放水圧力が０．２５ＭＰａ以上になるスプリンクラーヘッドも存在し、そのときの放水量は２００Ｌ／ｍｉｎ以上にも達する。この放水量は消火に必要な放水量に対して過剰な量であり、そのような過剰に放水された水により生じる水損すなわち消火が必要な防御区画以外の場所が水浸しになったりするという水損が大きな問題になっている。 However, at the time of actual fire activation, there is also a sprinkler head in which the water discharge pressure becomes 0.25 MPa or more, and the water discharge amount at that time reaches 200 L / min or more. This amount of water discharge is excessive with respect to the amount of water required for extinguishing the fire, and the water loss caused by such excessively discharged water, that is, the water other than the defensive area where fire extinguishment is required, is flooded. Loss is a big problem.
これに対し、例えば特許文献１（特開平０５−３４５０４５号公報）においては、火災起動時に水と共に消火薬剤等をスプリンクラーヘッドから放出させることにより消火効力を上げ、それにより消火に消費される単位時間当りの水量を減少させて水損を抑制する消火設備用スプリンクラー装置が提案されている。 On the other hand, for example, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-345045), the fire extinguishing effect is increased by discharging a fire extinguishing agent and the like from the sprinkler head together with water at the time of fire activation, and thereby the unit time consumed for fire fighting A sprinkler device for fire extinguishing equipment that reduces water loss by reducing the amount of water per hit has been proposed.
しかしながら、上記特許文献１で提案されている消火設備用スプリンクラー装置では、水に０．２％の消火薬剤を混合させることが開示されており、また、水成膜泡原液（ＡＦＦＦ）を使用すれば油火災に対しても有効とされているが、その具体的な態様については検討されていなかった。 However, the sprinkler device for fire extinguishing equipment proposed in Patent Document 1 discloses that 0.2% of a fire extinguishing agent is mixed with water, and a water film forming foam stock solution (AFFF) is used. Although it is also effective against oil fires, its specific mode has not been studied.
そこで、本発明の目的は、広範囲に防護空間をカバーする散水性能と、木材等の普通火災以外に石油火災等の燃焼スピードが速く危険性の高い火災にも有効な消火性能と、を具備する消火装置及び消火方法を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide water spraying performance that covers a wide range of protective space, and fire extinguishing performance that is effective for high-risk fires with high combustion speed such as oil fires in addition to ordinary fires such as wood. It is providing a fire extinguishing apparatus and a fire extinguishing method.
上述した課題を解決すべく、本発明は、
少なくとも１つの放水型ヘッドと、
水源から前記放水型ヘッドに水を供給するためのポンプと、
泡消火薬剤を含む貯蔵槽と、
前記放水型ヘッドに供給される水に前記泡消火薬剤を混合し、所定濃度で前記泡消火薬剤を含む混合水とする混合装置と、
を具備すること、を特徴とする放水型泡消火装置を提供する。
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides:
At least one water discharge head;
A pump for supplying water from a water source to the water discharge head;
A storage tank containing foam,
A mixing device that mixes the foam fire-extinguishing agent with water supplied to the water discharge type head, and makes the mixed water containing the foam extinguishing agent at a predetermined concentration;
The water discharge type | formula fire extinguishing apparatus characterized by including this is provided.
このような構成を有する本発明の放水型泡消火装置によれば、放水型ヘッドにより広範囲に防護空間をカバーする散水性能を発揮することができるとともに、泡消火薬剤により石油火災等の燃焼スピードが速く危険性の高い火災にも有効な消火性能をも発揮することができる。 According to the water discharge type foam fire extinguisher of the present invention having such a configuration, it is possible to exert water spraying performance covering a wide range of the protective space by the water discharge type head, and the foam fire extinguishing agent can reduce the burning speed of oil fires and the like. The fire extinguishing performance that is effective even in fast and dangerous fires can be exhibited.
上記の本発明の放水型泡消火装置においては、前記所定濃度が０．５体積％以上であること、が好ましく、下限は１．０体積％で、上限は３．０体積％であること、が更に好ましい。 In the water discharge type foam fire extinguisher of the present invention, the predetermined concentration is preferably 0.5% by volume or more, the lower limit is 1.0% by volume, and the upper limit is 3.0% by volume. Is more preferable.
このような構成を有する本発明の放水型泡消火装置によれば、放水型ヘッドにより広範囲に防護空間をカバーする散水性能を発揮することができるとともに、泡消火薬剤により石油火災等の燃焼スピードが速く危険性の高い火災にも有効な消火性能をより確実に発揮することができる。特に泡消火薬剤の濃度が１．０体積％以上であれば十分な消火性能が得られ、泡消火薬剤の濃度が３．０体積％以下であれば泡消火薬剤のコストを抑えることができる。 According to the water discharge type foam fire extinguisher of the present invention having such a configuration, it is possible to exert water spraying performance covering a wide range of the protective space by the water discharge type head, and the foam fire extinguishing agent can reduce the burning speed of oil fires and the like. The fire extinguishing performance that is effective even in a fast and dangerous fire can be exhibited more reliably. In particular, if the concentration of the foam extinguishing agent is 1.0% by volume or more, sufficient fire extinguishing performance can be obtained, and if the concentration of the foam extinguishing agent is 3.0% by volume or less, the cost of the foam extinguishing agent can be suppressed.
上記の本発明の放水型泡消火装置においては、前記放水型ヘッドからの前記混合水の散水密度が７Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２以上であること、が好ましい。 In the water discharge type | formula fire extinguisher of said invention, it is preferable that the water spray density of the said mixed water from the said water discharge type head is 7 L / min * m < 2 > or more.
このような構成を有する本発明の放水型泡消火装置によれば、消火時間が短く、十分な消火効果が得られる。特に散水密度は、下限が１０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２で、上限が１２Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２であれば十分な消火効果を確実に得られる。 According to the water discharge type foam fire extinguisher of the present invention having such a configuration, the fire extinguishing time is short and a sufficient fire extinguishing effect can be obtained. In particular, when the water spray density has a lower limit of 10 L / min · m 2 and an upper limit of 12 L / min · m 2 , a sufficient fire-extinguishing effect can be obtained with certainty.
また、上記の本発明の放水型泡消火装置においては、前記放水型ヘッドが旋回可能な構成を有すること、が好ましい。 Moreover, in the water discharge type | formula fire extinguishing apparatus of said this invention, it is preferable that the said water discharge type head has a structure which can turn.
このような構成を有する本発明の放水型泡消火装置によれば、放水型ヘッドにより更に広範囲に防護空間をカバーする散水性能を発揮することができ、特に延焼防止に効果的である。 According to the water discharge type foam fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention having such a configuration, it is possible to exhibit the water spraying performance of covering the protective space in a wider range by the water discharge type head, which is particularly effective for preventing the spread of fire.
本発明はまた、上記の本発明の放水型泡消火装置を用いた放水型泡消火方法にも関する。この放水型泡消火方法は、ポンプにより水源から少なくとも１つの放水型ヘッドに水を供給する放水型消火方法であって、前記放水型ヘッドに供給される水に泡消火薬剤を混合し、所定濃度で前記泡消火薬剤を含む混合水を放水すること、を特徴とする。 The present invention also relates to a water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method using the above water discharge type foam fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention. This water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method is a water discharge type fire extinguishing method in which water is supplied from a water source to at least one water discharge type head by a pump, and a foam fire extinguishing agent is mixed with water supplied to the water discharge type head, and a predetermined concentration is obtained. The mixed water containing the foam extinguishing agent is discharged.
このような構成を有する本発明の放水型泡消火方法によれば、放水型ヘッドにより広範囲に防護空間をカバーする散水性能を発揮することができるとともに、泡消火薬剤により石油火災等の燃焼スピードが速く危険性の高い火災にも有効な消火性能をも発揮することができる。当然であるがヘッドを旋回させることも延焼防止には効果がある。 According to the water discharge type foam extinguishing method of the present invention having such a configuration, it is possible to exert water spraying performance covering a wide range of the protective space by the water discharge type head, and the foam fire extinguishing agent can reduce the burning speed of oil fires and the like. The fire extinguishing performance that is effective even in fast and dangerous fires can be exhibited. Of course, turning the head is also effective in preventing the spread of fire.
上記の本発明の放水型泡消火方法においては、前記所定濃度が０．５体積％以上であること、が好ましく、下限が１．０体積％、上限が３．０体積％であること、が更に好ましい。 In the water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method of the present invention, the predetermined concentration is preferably 0.5% by volume or more, the lower limit is 1.0% by volume, and the upper limit is 3.0% by volume. Further preferred.
このような構成を有する本発明の放水型泡消火方法によれば、放水型ヘッドにより広範囲に防護空間をカバーする散水性能を発揮することができるとともに、泡消火薬剤により石油火災等の燃焼スピードが速く危険性の高い火災にも有効な消火性能をより確実に発揮することができる。特に泡消火薬剤の濃度が１．０体積％以上であれば十分な消火性能が得られ、泡消火薬剤の濃度が３．０体積％以下であれば泡消火薬剤のコストを抑えることができる。 According to the water discharge type foam extinguishing method of the present invention having such a configuration, it is possible to exert water spraying performance covering a wide range of the protective space by the water discharge type head, and the foam fire extinguishing agent can reduce the burning speed of oil fires and the like. The fire extinguishing performance that is effective even in a fast and dangerous fire can be exhibited more reliably. In particular, if the concentration of the foam extinguishing agent is 1.0% by volume or more, sufficient fire extinguishing performance can be obtained, and if the concentration of the foam extinguishing agent is 3.0% by volume or less, the cost of the foam extinguishing agent can be suppressed.
このような構成を有する本発明の放水型泡消火方法によれば、放水型ヘッドにより更に広範囲に防護空間をカバーする散水性能を発揮することができ、特に延焼防止に効果的である。 According to the water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method of the present invention having such a configuration, the water discharge performance of covering the protective space in a wider range can be exhibited by the water discharge type head, which is particularly effective for preventing the spread of fire.
上記の本発明の放水型泡消火方法においては、前記放水型ヘッドからの前記混合水の散水密度が７Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２以上であること、が好ましい。 In the water discharge type | formula fire extinguishing method of said this invention, it is preferable that the water spray density of the said mixed water from the said water discharge type head is 7 L / min * m < 2 > or more.
このような構成を有する本発明の放水型泡消火方法によれば、消火時間が短く、十分な消火効果が得られる。特に散水密度の下限が１０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２で、上限が１２Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２あれば十分な消火効果を確実に得られる。 According to the water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method of the present invention having such a configuration, the fire extinguishing time is short and a sufficient fire extinguishing effect can be obtained. In particular, if the lower limit of the water spray density is 10 L / min · m 2 and the upper limit is 12 L / min · m 2, a sufficient fire extinguishing effect can be obtained with certainty.
本発明によれば、広範囲に防護空間をカバーする散水性能と、木材等の普通火災以外に石油火災等の燃焼スピードが速く危険性の高い火災にも有効な消火性能と、を具備する消火装置及び消火方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a fire extinguishing apparatus having a water spraying performance covering a wide range of a protective space and a fire extinguishing performance effective for a fire with a high combustion speed such as an oil fire in addition to a normal fire such as wood. And a fire extinguishing method can be provided.
以下、本発明の放水型泡消火装置及び放水型泡消火方法の代表的な実施形態について、図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。なお、本発明はこれら図面に限定されるものではない。また、図面は、本発明を概念的に説明するためのものであるから、理解容易のために、必要に応じて寸法、比又は数を誇張又は簡略化して表している場合もある。 Hereinafter, typical embodiments of the water discharge type foam extinguishing apparatus and the water discharge type foam extinguishing method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these drawings. Moreover, since the drawings are for conceptual description of the present invention, the dimensions, ratios, or numbers may be exaggerated or simplified as necessary for easy understanding.
図１に示すように、本発明の一実施形態に係る放水型泡消火装置（フォームスプリンクラー）１は、少なくとも１つの放水型ヘッド２と、水源（例えば貯水槽や河川等）４から放水型ヘッド２に水を供給するためのポンプＰと、泡消火薬剤を含む貯蔵槽６と、放水型ヘッド２に供給される水に泡消火薬剤を混合し、所定濃度で泡消火薬剤を含む混合水とする混合装置８と、を具備する。 As shown in FIG. 1, a water discharge type foam fire extinguisher (foam sprinkler) 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a water discharge head from at least one water discharge head 2 and a water source (for example, a water tank or a river) 4. Pump P for supplying water to 2, storage tank 6 containing foam fire extinguishing agent, mixed water containing foam fire extinguishing agent at a predetermined concentration, mixed with water supplied to water discharge type head 2, And a mixing device 8.
水４ａが貯蔵されている水源４から、ポンプＰを介して、配管１０ａ及び１０ｂが接続されており、配管１０ｂは混合装置８に接続されている。この混合装置８には、選択弁６ａ及び逆止弁６ｂを介して、泡消火薬剤を含む貯蔵槽６が接続されており、ポンプＰによって配管１０ａ及び１０ｂを移動してきた水に、所定濃度で泡消火薬剤を混合して混合水を生成する。 Pipes 10 a and 10 b are connected from a water source 4 in which water 4 a is stored via a pump P, and the pipe 10 b is connected to a mixing device 8. A storage tank 6 containing a foam extinguishing agent is connected to the mixing device 8 via a selection valve 6a and a check valve 6b, and the water that has moved through the pipes 10a and 10b by the pump P has a predetermined concentration. Mix with foam and produce water.
図示しないが、放水型泡消火装置１には制御装置が内蔵されており、混合装置８を制御して、配管１０ｂを通ってきた水に所定濃度で泡消火薬剤を混合する。この所定濃度は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で適宜調整可能であるが、本発明者らは、１．０〜３．０体積％が好ましいことを実験により見出している。 Although not shown, the water discharge type foam fire extinguisher 1 has a built-in control device, and controls the mixing device 8 to mix the foam fire extinguishing agent at a predetermined concentration into the water that has passed through the pipe 10b. The predetermined concentration can be appropriately adjusted within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention, but the present inventors have found through experiments that 1.0 to 3.0% by volume is preferable.
即ち、混合水における泡消火薬剤の濃度が１．０体積％以上であれば石油火災等の燃焼スピードが速く危険性の高い火災にも有効な消火性能が得られ、泡消火薬剤の濃度が３．０体積％以下であれば泡消火薬剤のコストを最小限に抑えることができる。なかでも、混合水における泡消火薬剤の濃度は、１．２５〜２．５体積％が好ましい。 That is, when the concentration of the foam extinguishing agent in the mixed water is 1.0% by volume or more, the fire extinguishing performance effective for a fire with a high combustion speed such as an oil fire is high, and an effective fire extinguishing performance can be obtained. If it is 0.0 vol% or less, the cost of the foam can be minimized. Especially, the density | concentration of the foam fire extinguishing agent in mixed water has preferable 1.25-2.5 volume%.
ここで、貯水槽６、混合装置８、選択弁６ａ及び逆止弁６ｂは、泡消火薬剤貯蔵タンクユニット１２を構成しており、この泡消火薬剤貯蔵タンクユニット１２は、独立して１つの製品ともなり得るものであり、従来からの放水型スプリンクラー設備に適用することもできる。 Here, the water storage tank 6, the mixing device 8, the selection valve 6a, and the check valve 6b constitute a foam fire extinguishing chemical storage tank unit 12, and this foam fire extinguishing chemical storage tank unit 12 is independently one product. It can also be applied, and can also be applied to conventional water discharge type sprinkler equipment.
人が火災を認知するか、又は、感知ヘッド及び火災感知器（図示せず。）で火災が感知されると、止水弁１４が開き、混合装置８乃至は泡消火薬剤貯蔵タンクユニット１２で生成された混合水は、放水型ヘッド２から所定の範囲に向けて放出されることとなる。 When a person recognizes a fire or a fire is detected by a sensing head and a fire detector (not shown), the water stop valve 14 is opened, and the mixing device 8 or the foam extinguishing agent storage tank unit 12 is opened. The generated mixed water is discharged from the water discharge type head 2 toward a predetermined range.
上記の泡消火薬剤には、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で種々の泡消火薬剤を使用することができるが、なかでも水成膜泡消火薬剤が好適に使用される。水成膜泡消火薬剤は、発泡すると油面に水成膜を生成して、優れた消火性能を発揮するものである。 Various foam fire-extinguishing agents can be used as the above-mentioned foam fire-extinguishing agents as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. The water film-forming foam extinguishing agent produces a water film on the oil surface when foamed, and exhibits excellent fire extinguishing performance.
かかる水成膜泡消火薬剤としては、種々の水成膜泡消火薬剤を使用することができるが、なかでも、合成界面活性剤を基材として、フッ素系界面活性剤が添加されたものであるのが好ましい。 As such a water film forming foam fire extinguishing agent, various water film forming foam fire extinguishing agents can be used, and among them, a synthetic surfactant is used as a base material and a fluorosurfactant is added. Is preferred.
本実施形態の放水型泡消火装置１を構成する放水型ヘッド２、水源４、ポンプＰ、泡消火薬剤を含む貯蔵槽６、混合装置８、配管１０ａ、１０ｂ及び１０ｂ、選択弁６ａ、逆止弁６ｂ、止水弁１４については、従来公知のものを適宜使用することが可能である。 The water discharge type head 2 constituting the water discharge type fire extinguisher 1 of the present embodiment, the water source 4, the pump P, the storage tank 6 containing the foam fire extinguishing agent, the mixing device 8, the pipes 10a, 10b and 10b, the selection valve 6a, the check valve About the valve 6b and the water stop valve 14, a conventionally well-known thing can be used suitably.
本発明は上記の放水型泡消火装置１を用いた放水型泡消火方法にも関する。本発明の放水型泡消火方法は、ポンプＰにより水源４から少なくとも１つの放水型ヘッド２に水４ａを供給して放水する放水型消火方法であって、上述のように、放水型ヘッド２に供給される水４ａに泡消火薬剤を混合し、所定濃度で泡消火薬剤を含む混合水を放水すること、を特徴とする。 The present invention also relates to a water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method using the water discharge type fire extinguisher 1 described above. The water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method of the present invention is a water discharge type fire extinguishing method in which water 4a is supplied from a water source 4 to at least one water discharge type head 2 by a pump P to discharge water. The foam 4 is mixed with the supplied water 4a, and the mixed water containing the foam with a predetermined concentration is discharged.
プラスチック製品、塗料、石油又は油等の多種類の可燃物が保管されている倉庫内等において火災が発生した場合を想定すると、概ね、
（１）人による火災の認知、又は、感知ヘッド及び火災感知器が作動しての火災の感知
（２）ポンプにより配管内を減圧し水源から泡消火薬剤貯蔵タンクユニットに水を送水
（３）混合装置が作動して水に所定濃度の泡消火薬剤を混合して混合水を生成
（４）止水弁を開放して混合水を放水型ヘッドから放水開始
（５）消火を確認して放水停止
というプロセスを制御装置により制御しつつ本発明の放水型泡消火方法を実施する。
Assuming that a fire has occurred in a warehouse where many types of combustible materials such as plastic products, paint, oil or oil are stored,
(1) Fire recognition by a person, or fire detection when the sensing head and fire detector are activated (2) The pipe is depressurized by a pump, and water is sent from the water source to the foam extinguishing agent storage tank unit (3) The mixing device is activated and water is mixed with foam-extinguishing chemical at a predetermined concentration to produce mixed water. (4) The water stop valve is opened and the mixed water is discharged from the water discharge head. The water discharge type foam extinguishing method of the present invention is carried out while controlling the process of stopping by the control device.
以上、本発明の放水型泡消火装置及び放水型泡消火方法の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれらのみに限定されるものではない。例えば、放水型ヘッドを旋回可能な構成を採用したり、放水型ヘッドを複数備えたりしてもよい。放水型ヘッドを複数備える場合は、一部の放水型ヘッドを旋回可能な構成としてもよい。 As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the water discharge type | formula fire extinguishing apparatus and water discharge type | formula fire extinguishing method of this invention was described, this invention is not limited only to these. For example, the structure which can turn a water discharge type head may be employ | adopted, or a plurality of water discharge type heads may be provided. In the case where a plurality of water discharge type heads are provided, a part of the water discharge type heads may be configured to be rotatable.
また、本発明の放水型泡消火装置は、流量計、オリフィス、圧力スイッチ、ストレーナ、逃がし配管及び圧力タンク等、従来の泡消火設備やスプリンクラー設備に用いられる部材を適宜具備していてもよい。 Moreover, the water discharge type | mold foam fire extinguisher of this invention may be suitably equipped with the members used for the conventional foam fire extinguishing equipment and sprinkler equipment, such as a flow meter, an orifice, a pressure switch, a strainer, a relief piping, and a pressure tank.
ここで、図２に、本発明の放水型泡消火装置の変形態様の一例について説明する。図２は、旋回可能な放水型ヘッドを有する本発明の放水型泡消火装置の変形例の構成を示す模式図である。 Here, FIG. 2 demonstrates an example of the deformation | transformation aspect of the water discharge type | formula fire extinguisher of this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a modified example of the water discharge type foam fire extinguisher of the present invention having a swivelable water discharge type head.
図２の（ａ）は、放水型ヘッドが旋回する様子を説明するための図である。このように、本発明の放水型泡消火装置において放水型ヘッドを旋回可能に構成すれば、放水範囲が確実に拡大されることがわかる。 (A) of FIG. 2 is a figure for demonstrating a mode that a water discharge type head turns. Thus, it can be seen that if the water discharge type head is configured to be pivotable in the water discharge type fire extinguisher of the present invention, the water discharge range is reliably expanded.
また、図２の（ｂ）は、床面に複数の放水型ヘッドを配置する態様を示す図である。このように、複数の放水型ヘッドを旋回可能に構成すれば、放水範囲が更に拡大されることがわかる。 Moreover, (b) of FIG. 2 is a figure which shows the aspect which arrange | positions a some water discharge type head on a floor surface. In this way, it can be seen that the water discharge range is further expanded if a plurality of water discharge type heads are configured to be able to turn.
更に図２の（ｃ）は、屋内に本発明の放水型泡消火装置を用いて屋外の消火栓（手動）と連動させた態様を示す図である。この場合、例えば消火栓箱の上部に放水型ヘッドの機構部分（旋回部）を配置し、その上に放水型ヘッドを設置すればよく、これにより種々の火災に対する消火活動に適用することができる。 Furthermore, (c) of FIG. 2 is a figure which shows the aspect linked with the outdoor fire hydrant (manual) indoors using the water discharge type | formula fire extinguisher of this invention indoors. In this case, for example, the mechanism part (swivel part) of the water discharge type head may be disposed on the upper part of the fire hydrant box, and the water discharge type head may be installed on the mechanism part, thereby applying to fire extinguishing activities against various fires.
図１に示す構造の放水型泡消火装置１を用いて、可燃物を燃焼させて人為的に火災を発生させて消火試験を行った。ここでは、石油系可燃物として引火点が低く消火し難いｎ−ヘプタンを用い、樹脂系可燃物としてシンナー等の揮発性溶剤で希釈したアクリル系塗料を用いた。 Using the water discharge type foam fire extinguisher 1 having the structure shown in FIG. 1, a fire was artificially generated by burning combustible materials, and a fire extinguishing test was performed. Here, n-heptane, which has a low flash point and is difficult to extinguish, is used as the petroleum combustible material, and an acrylic paint diluted with a volatile solvent such as thinner is used as the resin combustible material.
具体的には、上記燃料に着火して燃焼させて火災を仮想し、泡消火薬剤であるヤマトプロテック（株）製の水成膜泡消火薬剤（組成：フッ素系界面活性剤）を０．５体積％、０．７５体積％、１．０体積％、１．５体積％、２．０体積％、２．５体積％又は３．０体積％の濃度で水に混合させて混合水（水成膜泡水溶液）を生成した。 Specifically, the above-mentioned fuel is ignited and burned to simulate a fire, and a water film foam extinguishing agent (composition: fluorosurfactant) manufactured by Yamato Protech Co., Ltd., which is a foam extinguishing agent, is set to 0.00. Mixed water (5% by volume, 0.75% by volume, 1.0% by volume, 1.5% by volume, 2.0% by volume, 2.5% by volume or 3.0% by volume) Water film-forming foam aqueous solution).
上記のようにして得た混合水を、上記燃料が燃焼している箇所に放水（散布）し、消火にかかった時間を計測した。なお、混合水の散布密度は１０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２とした。結果を図３に示した。図３は、散布密度を１０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２と一定にした場合の、水成膜泡水溶液濃度と消火時間の関係を示すグラフである。 The mixed water obtained as described above was discharged (sprayed) to the place where the fuel was burning, and the time taken for extinguishing was measured. The spray density of the mixed water was 10 L / min · m 2 . The results are shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the water film-forming foam aqueous solution concentration and the fire extinguishing time when the spraying density is kept constant at 10 L / min · m 2 .
図３に示すように、１．０〜３．０体積％の混合水の場合に、消火時間が略８秒以内と短縮できることがわかった。また、泡消火薬剤の濃度を増大させて約３．０体積％付近になると、消火時間が約６秒間となり、それ以上の短縮は見込めないことがわかった。
なお、泡消火薬剤を混合せずに水のみを放水した場合は、水の散布密度を２倍の２０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２としなければ消火できず、また、１０秒間以上かかった。
As shown in FIG. 3, it was found that the fire extinguishing time can be shortened to about 8 seconds or less in the case of 1.0 to 3.0% by volume of mixed water. Further, it was found that when the concentration of the foam fire extinguishing agent was increased to about 3.0% by volume, the fire extinguishing time was about 6 seconds, and further shortening could not be expected.
In addition, when only water was discharged without mixing the foam fire extinguishing agent, the water could not be extinguished unless the water spray density was doubled to 20 L / min · m 2, and it took 10 seconds or more.
次に、水成膜泡水溶液の濃度を０．５体積％と一定にし、散水密度と消火時間の関係を測定した。その結果を図４に示した。図４は、水成膜泡水溶液の濃度を０．５体積％と一定にした場合の、散水密度と消火時間の関係を示すグラフである。 Next, the density | concentration of water film-forming foam aqueous solution was made constant with 0.5 volume%, and the relationship between water spray density and fire extinguishing time was measured. The results are shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the water spray density and the fire extinguishing time when the concentration of the water film-forming foam aqueous solution is kept constant at 0.5% by volume.
図４から、散水密度７Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２以上あれば消火時間が短く（２０秒間）十分な消火効果が得られ、散水密度が１０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２以上あればその十分な消火効果が飽和していると判断された。また、図４から、散水密度が１０〜１２Ｌ／ｍｉｎ・ｍ２以上あれば十分な消火効果を確実に得られることがわかる。 From FIG. 4, if the watering density is 7 L / min · m 2 or more, the fire extinguishing time is short (20 seconds) and a sufficient fire extinguishing effect is obtained, and if the watering density is 10 L / min · m 2 or more, the sufficient fire extinguishing effect is saturated. It was determined that Moreover, it can be seen from FIG. 4 that if the water spray density is 10 to 12 L / min · m 2 or more, a sufficient fire extinguishing effect can be surely obtained.
なお、別途、木材を燃焼させて火災を仮想した消火実験では、本発明に基づいて水成膜泡水溶液を用いた場合は、水を用いた場合に比べて消火時間が３０％短く、消火効果に優れることが確認できた。また、一旦消火してから再燃するまでの時間を測定する消火延焼防止実験では、本発明に基づいて水成膜泡水溶液を用いた場合は、水を用いた場合に比べて消火時間が３５％短く、消火延焼防止効果にも優れることが確認できた。 In addition, in a fire extinguishing experiment in which fire is simulated by burning wood separately, the fire-extinguishing time is 30% shorter when the water film-forming foam aqueous solution is used according to the present invention than when water is used. It was confirmed that it was excellent. In addition, in the fire-extinguishing fire prevention experiment in which the time from extinguishing once to re-flamming is measured, the fire extinguishing time is 35% in the case of using the water-foaming foam aqueous solution based on the present invention compared to the case of using water. It was short and it was confirmed that the fire-extinguishing effect was excellent.
本発明の放水型泡消火装置及び放水型泡消火方法は、広範囲に防護空間をカバーする散水性能と、石油火災等の燃焼スピードが速く危険性の高い火災にも有効な消火性能と、を発揮するため、種々の火災現場で適用可能である。例えば、種々の可燃物を保管する倉庫に設置したり、自動車用塗装ラインにおいて二酸化炭素消火設備の補助設備として設置したり、火力発電所に設置したり複雑な可燃物が多量に積載された大型の倉庫に設置したりすることが考えられる。 The water discharge type foam fire extinguishing apparatus and water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method of the present invention exhibit water spraying performance covering a wide range of protective space, and fire extinguishing performance effective for high-risk fires with high combustion speed such as oil fires. Therefore, it can be applied at various fire sites. For example, it is installed in a warehouse that stores various combustible materials, installed as an auxiliary equipment for carbon dioxide fire extinguishing equipment in a painting line for automobiles, installed in a thermal power plant, etc. It may be installed in a warehouse.
１・・・放水型泡消火装置、
２・・・放水型ヘッド、
４・・・水源、
４ａ・・・水、
６・・・貯蔵槽、
６ａ・・・選択弁、
６ｂ・・・逆止弁、
８・・・混合装置、
１０ａ、１０ｂ、１０ｃ・・・配管、
１２・・・泡消火薬剤貯蔵タンクユニット、
１４・・・止水弁。
1 ... Water discharge type foam fire extinguisher,
2 ... Water discharge type head,
4 ... water source,
4a ... water,
6 ... storage tank,
6a ... Selection valve,
6b ... check valve,
8: Mixing device,
10a, 10b, 10c ... piping,
12 ... Foam extinguishing agent storage tank unit,
14 ... Water stop valve.
Claims (8)
水源から前記放水型ヘッドに水を供給するためのポンプと、
泡消火薬剤を含む貯蔵槽と、
前記放水型ヘッドに供給される水に前記泡消火薬剤を混合し、所定濃度で前記泡消火薬剤を含む混合水とする混合装置と、
を具備すること、を特徴とする放水型泡消火装置。 At least one water discharge head;
A pump for supplying water from a water source to the water discharge head;
A storage tank containing foam,
A mixing device that mixes the foam fire-extinguishing agent with water supplied to the water discharge type head, and makes the mixed water containing the foam extinguishing agent at a predetermined concentration;
A water discharge type foam fire extinguishing apparatus, comprising:
前記放水型ヘッドに供給される水に泡消火薬剤を混合し、所定濃度で前記泡消火薬剤を含む混合水を放水すること、
を特徴とする放水型泡消火方法。 A water discharge type fire extinguishing method for supplying water from a water source to at least one water discharge type head by a pump,
Mixing foam fire-extinguishing agent with water supplied to the water discharge-type head, and discharging mixed water containing the foam extinguishing agent at a predetermined concentration;
Water discharge type foam fire extinguishing method characterized by.
The water discharge type foam extinguishing method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the water discharge type head has a configuration capable of turning.
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