JPH11235394A - Fire extinguishing equipment of parking space - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively extinguish a fire in a parking space by providing a mixer which is connected to a water supply source and a fire extinguisher source and generates an aqueous solution, supplying the generated aqueous solution to a fire extinguishing head arranged in the parking space, and blowing out the aqueous solution by opening a valve element by a thermosensible member. SOLUTION: For example, in the case where a B fire caused by fuel of a vehicle breaks out in a parking space, when a glass bulb bursts since alcohol in the glass bulb of a closed fire extinguishing head 8 expands by the heat, a valve element in the fire extinguishing head 8 is opened. Therefore, an aqueous foam solution gathered in secondary side piping of a flowing water detecting device 20 is discharged from a discharge port to extinguish the fire. At this time, a flowing water detecting signal is outputted to a fire extinguishing control panel 22 to start a pump 24. As a result. Fire extinguishing water W of a water tank 2 on which pressure is adjusted by a pressure regulating valve 26, is supplied to a mixer 6, and a water film forming foam fire extinguisher G in a fire extinguisher tank 4 is mixed here to be supplied to the fire extinguishing head 8 as an aqueous foam solution.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing system for a parking lot, and more particularly to a fire extinguishing system suitable for A fire (normal fire) and B fire (oil fire).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, water cannot be used for oil fires, and suffocation can be extinguished by foam. For this reason, in the parking lot, foam fire extinguishing equipment having an open fire extinguishing head is provided in preparation for a gasoline fire.

[0003] One of the reasons why closed fire heads are not used in the foam fire extinguishing equipment is that bubbles are emitted from the fire extinguishing head. That is, since the foam is lightweight, the distance scattered from the fire extinguishing head against water is short, and the protection range of one fire extinguishing head is small. In order to solve this problem, foam fire extinguishing equipment uses a simultaneous release method from multiple open heads, which makes it difficult to spray foam evenly and to spread fires due to oil spills such as gasoline. So that we can deal with it.

[0004]

However, when actually investigating a fire case in a parking lot, there were almost no cases in which gasoline was burned, which corresponded to a fire A such as engine heating, ignition in a vehicle, and cable heating. There are surprisingly many combustible fires. In other words, it is not necessary to adopt the simultaneous release method as described above, and most fires can be extinguished by local release by a single fire extinguishing head.

[0005] Further, since the foam fire extinguishing equipment is mainly designed to suppress and extinguish fire B, fire A is
It is considered that the performance of cooling and preventing fire spread is inferior to that of a normal sprinkler fire extinguishing system.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an effective fire extinguishing system in a parking lot in view of the above circumstances.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a mixer connected to a water supply source and a fire extinguishing agent source for generating an aqueous solution, and a fire extinguishing head connected to a secondary side of the mixer via a pipe. Wherein the fire extinguishing head comprises a closed fire extinguishing head having a valve body closing a discharge port and a heat-sensitive member supporting the valve body, and the fire extinguishing head is installed in a parking lot. Is what you do. Further, a running water detecting device having a pressure adjusting function is provided between the closed fire extinguishing head and the mixer.

[0008]

Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 2 denotes a water tank as a water supply source in which the fire extinguishing water W is stored, and 4 denotes a chemical tank containing a water film foaming chemical G. A mixer 6 is connected to the water tank 2 and the chemical tank 4, and mixes the fire extinguishing water W supplied from the water tank 2 and the water film foaming fire extinguishing agent G supplied from the chemical tank 4 to form a water film forming solution. To produce an aqueous foam solution.

When the fire extinguishing water W is supplied from the water tank 2 to the mixer 6, a part of the fire extinguishing water W is also supplied to the chemical tank 4 through the pipe 5. When the fire extinguishing water W is supplied to the chemical tank 4, the water film foaming fire extinguishing agent G is supplied to the mixer 6.

The water-forming foam extinguishing agent G is a foam extinguishing agent for a water-soluble liquid containing a fluorine-based surfactant as a main component, a foaming stabilizer, a water-soluble polymer, a freeze inhibitor and the like. Generally, the fire is extinguished by the air blocking action of both the foam and the water film. However, in the present invention, an aqueous foam solution is sprayed from a fire extinguishing head in a state in which almost no foam is formed, and a thin film, a so-called water film is formed on the surface of the combustible material or fuel to cover the surface, and suffocation is extinguished.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a closed-type fire extinguishing head connected to the secondary side of the mixer 6 via a pipe, which protects both a normal fire (A fire) and an oil fire (B fire). Installed in the parking lot as an area. Of course, fire extinguishing head 8
It may be provided in a protected area where a fire or B fire occurs alone.

The closed fire extinguishing head 8 will be described with reference to FIG. The closed fire extinguishing head 8 includes a head main body 10, a valve body 12 for closing the discharge port 11, and a valve body 12 for closing the discharge port 11.
Glass bulb 13 as an example of a heat-sensitive member pressed against
And a deflector 14 for dispersing the aqueous foam solution discharged from the discharge port 11 in the protection area in a substantially aqueous state. It is preferable that the glass bulb 13 is a thin, fast-moving one. In addition, the deflector 14
It is preferable to use one having no claw on the outer periphery. This is because the protection range can be expanded.

By the way, the foam head conventionally used in the foam fire extinguishing equipment increases the foaming ratio of the aqueous foam solution discharged from the discharge port by covering the deflector with a wire net. The expansion ratio is several times or more in the case of low expansion, and reaches several hundred times in the case of high expansion. On the other hand, in the closed fire extinguishing head 8 of the present invention, the wire mesh is removed and the deflector 1 is removed.
4 has a structure exposed to the outside. Thereby, the foam aqueous solution (mixed liquid) discharged from the discharge port 11 is diffused and discharged in the entire circumferential direction without foaming, and it is possible to suppress foaming of the foam aqueous solution during diffusion.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a running water detection device provided for each protection section, and is provided between the closed fire extinguishing head 8 and the mixer 6. When the inside of the secondary pipe of the flowing water detecting device 20 is filled with the aqueous foam solution or the water and the closed type fire extinguishing head 8 is opened and the pressure in the secondary piping decreases, the flowing water detecting device 20 becomes the fire extinguishing control panel 22. And outputs a running water detection signal based on the pressure drop.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 24 denotes a pump, and 26 denotes a pressure regulating valve which regulates the water pressure of the fire-extinguishing water W sent from the pump 24 and sends it to the mixer 6 via a fire extinguishing control panel 22 and a signal line, respectively. Connected. Although not shown, a pressurized air tank storing compressed air for pressurizing the inside of the secondary pipe to a predetermined pressure is connected between the pump 24 and the mixer 6. The pump 24 may be started when the compressed air falls below a predetermined value.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. For example, when a B fire caused by fuel of a vehicle or the like occurs in the parking lot, the heat causes the alcohol in the glass bulb 13 of the closed fire extinguishing head 8 to expand, and as a result, the glass bulb 13 bursts. As a result, the valve element 12 falls and the discharge port 11 is opened, and the aqueous foam solution accumulated in the secondary pipe of the flowing water detection device 20 is discharged from the discharge port 11. Then, the running water detection device 20 outputs a running water detection signal to the fire extinguishing control panel 22, whereby a pump start signal is transmitted from the fire extinguishing control panel 22 to the pump 24, and the pump 24 is started.

With the start of the pump 24, the fire extinguishing water W in the water tank 2 is adjusted while the pressure is adjusted by the pressure adjusting valve 26.
Is supplied to the mixer 6 and the medicine tank 4. The mixer 6 mixes the fire extinguishing water W supplied from the water tank 2 and the water film foaming fire extinguishing agent G supplied from the chemical tank 4 to obtain a predetermined concentration,
For example, 1.0% to 3.0%, preferably 2.0% to 3.0%.
Produces 0% foam aqueous solution. The foam aqueous solution is supplied to the closed fire extinguishing head 8 through the flowing water detection device 20 and the secondary pipe, and is discharged from the discharge port 11 toward the deflector 14.

At this time, since the deflector 14 is attached to the closed fire extinguishing head 8 in a state where there is no wire mesh and the deflector 14 is exposed to the outside, and since the foam aqueous solution itself has low foaming properties, the foam aqueous solution hardly foams. The liquid is discharged directly from the fire extinguishing head 8 in a substantially liquid state.

In other words, since the foamed aqueous solution is scattered in the form of small water droplets by the deflector 14, the velocity energy is not reduced, and the flight distance can be greatly increased as compared with the case where the foamed aqueous solution is released. And has a high penetration force against flames.

Also, the aqueous foam solution jumps directly into the flame,
The fuel reaches the surface of the fuel against the flow of the flame and forms a water film on the surface of the fuel. This water film is diffused and covers the entire fuel to extinguish asphyxiation. This water film spreads very quickly and extends to every corner of the fuel surface, so that effective fire extinguishing can be performed.

Next, a case where a fire such as a cardboard in the protection area burns and an A fire occurs will be described. As described above, the aqueous foam solution is released from the closed fire extinguishing head 8 in a substantially liquid state, not as a foam. For this reason, when the foam aqueous solution falls on the combustion material, the combustion material is extinguished by the so-called cooling effect of being cooled by the foam aqueous solution. As described above, according to the present invention, the fire extinguishing effect similar to the fire extinguishing in the ordinary sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment can be obtained for the fire A by discharging the foam aqueous solution directly almost as a liquid.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the cooling effect is increased and the fire extinguishing efficiency is improved as compared with the case where the foam fire extinguishing equipment is actually installed in a parking lot where the fire A frequently occurs.
Even if the fire extinguishing head 8 is configured as a closed type, the discharged aqueous foam solution is not foamed but scattered in the form of small water droplets, so that the flight distance is improved and the fire extinguishing range can be improved. In other words, the fire can be extinguished by sufficiently discharging water from a single head without providing a simultaneous discharge method using an open head, so that the equipment can be simplified. Moreover, even if a fire B occurs, the fire can be reliably extinguished by suffocation and extinction by water film formation. That is, it can be said that the present invention is a fire extinguishing facility suitable for both the A fire and the B fire.

Embodiment 2 When the fire extinguishing head 8 is configured as a closed type as in Embodiment 1, the number of operating heads changes due to a fire, so that even if several heads operate, water is discharged in advance so that water can be reliably discharged. It is necessary to set the pressure of the secondary side piping. However, in such a case, if only one fire extinguishing head 8 is operated, the foam aqueous solution is released from the fire extinguishing head 8 at a high pressure. As a result, the particles of the foam aqueous solution become very small, and The penetrating power is lost. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the provision of the pressure adjusting means enables the release of the aqueous foam solution at an optimum pressure regardless of whether one or several fire extinguishing heads 8 are operated.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the flowing water detecting device 20 of FIG. 1. The flowing water detecting device 20 includes a flowing water detecting valve body, a pressure regulating pilot valve 55, and a safety valve 63. Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to this drawing.

The body 31 is provided with a communication port 32.
The communication port 32 is connected to a primary side 33 communicating with the pump 24.
And the secondary side 35 communicating with the fire extinguishing head 8. A valve seat 36 is attached to the communication port 32. The valve seat 36 includes a valve seat 37 and a leg 38 having an inner diameter L2.

A valve body 40 is seated on the valve seat 36. A cylindrical piston 41 is formed on the outer periphery of the back surface of the valve element 40, and a rod 43 for operating a limit switch 42 is provided upright at a central portion thereof. This piston 41
Are inserted into the cylinder chamber 45.

The head 46 of the cylinder chamber 45 has a through hole 4
7 and a limit switch 42 are provided. The rod 43 penetrates through the through hole 47 via a sealing means 48. The limit switch 42 is
And the limit switch 42 is provided with a protective cover 49. A spring 50 for urging in the valve closing direction is stretched between the head 46 of the cylinder chamber 45 and the back of the valve body 40. The seat 40 of the valve body 40
a is formed by a sealing member such as rubber.

The cylinder chamber 45 has a primary side 33 and a secondary side 3
5 is connected to a bypass route 52 connecting the control device 5 and the control device 5. The orifice 5 is provided in the bypass path 52 on the upstream side of the cylinder chamber 45.
1 and a pressure regulating pilot valve 5 is provided downstream thereof.
5 are provided.

The pressure regulating pilot valve 55 includes a valve portion 59 that is separated from and in contact with a valve seat 58 and a diaphragm 6 connected to the valve portion 59.
0 and a spring 61 for urging the diaphragm 60 in the valve opening direction.
And A safety valve 63 is provided between the pressure regulation pilot valve 55 and the secondary side 35. This safety valve 63
Is provided with a valve portion 64 that comes in contact with and separates from the valve seat 65, and a spring 62 that urges the valve portion 64 in the valve closing direction.

A skirt 66 having a height H and a diameter L1 is fixed to the inner peripheral side of the seat 40a of the valve element 40. The skirt 66 includes a bottom surface 67 and a skirt 68, and the bottom 67 is screwed to the valve body 40.

A cylindrical non-opening area 70 is provided above the skirt 68. The height H1 of this area 70 is shorter than the height H2 of the leg 38 of the valve seat 36, but the height H
1, H2 is appropriately selected as needed.

A labyrinth gap t is formed between the non-opening area 70 and the leg 38, and the size of the gap t is small based on the minimum flow rate required for the flowing water detecting device 20. It is preferable that the flow rate when passing through the gap t is small in order to sufficiently exert the pressure regulation function. Therefore, in consideration of design accuracy, the height H2 of the leg 38 of the valve seat 36
Is selected to be high enough to generate a seal due to the labyrinth effect.

An opening area 71 is provided below the non-opening area 70 of the skirt 68. This opening area 71
It comprises a small opening 72 and a large opening 73 that is continuous with the small opening 72. The small opening 72 and the large opening 73 are formed in a semi-elliptical shape, and the size, shape, and the like are appropriately selected as needed.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
Normally, when there is no running water from the fire extinguishing head 8, the cylinder body 45 of the valve body 40 is pressurized by the primary side 33 and is completely closed. At this time, the pressure on the secondary side 35 is constantly increased at the monitoring pressure, for example, 6 kg / cm 2, by the action of the pressure regulating pilot valve 55 of the bypass passage 52. This is because the pressure on the secondary side 35 of the pressure regulating pilot valve 55 is 6 kg by the spring 61 via the diaphragm 60.
This is because the valve seat 58 is seated at / cm2.

If there is a small amount of water leakage on the secondary side 35, the pressure on the secondary side 35 decreases, so that the pressure regulating pilot valve 55
Is slightly opened to replenish the secondary side 35 with a little foam aqueous solution.
At this time, since the pressure in the cylinder chamber 45 is hardly reduced, the valve element 40 does not move. That is, the valve closing state is maintained.

When the fire extinguishing head 8 operates on the secondary side 35 and there is more than a certain amount of flowing water, the pressure on the secondary side 35 is reduced more than in the above case, and the pressure regulating pilot valve 55 is greatly opened to open the secondary side. Replenish the side 35 with the aqueous foam solution of the primary side 33. At this time, since the orifice 51 is provided in the bypass path 52, the supply of the aqueous foam solution F from the primary side 33 to the secondary side 35 via the bypass path 52 cannot be made in time. Therefore, the pressure in the cylinder chamber 45 is reduced, and the valve body 40 starts to lift.

When the valve element 40 starts to lift, the skirt 6
6 starts to rise, and a labyrinth clearance t is provided between the skirt 68 and the leg 38 of the valve seat 36.
Therefore, the flow rate passing through the gap t is sufficiently suppressed. Therefore, the valve body 40 is reliably lifted by the height H1 of the non-opening area 70 in response to the pressure decrease on the secondary side 35. Since the rod 43 operates the limit switch 42 by the lift of the valve body 40, the flowing water detection signal can be output reliably.

When the skirt 68 rises in height H1 and the small opening 72 moves above the valve seat 36, as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 4, the aqueous foam solution Fw passes through the small opening 72 to the secondary side 35. Flows into. When the pressure on the secondary side 35 is lower than the monitoring pressure of the pressure regulating pilot valve 55, the pressure regulating pilot valve 55 is further opened to further reduce the pressure in the cylinder chamber 45. Then, the valve body 40 is lifted at once, and the pressure on the secondary side 35 is increased.

When the pressure on the secondary side 35 rises and exceeds the monitoring pressure, the valve 59 of the pressure regulating pilot valve 55 narrows its opening degree. Therefore, the pressure in the cylinder chamber 45 is not reduced so much, and the relationship between the flow rate at the pressure regulating pilot valve 55, the degree of pressure reduction of the cylinder chamber 45, and the degree of opening of the valve body 40 of the flowing water detection valve body 1 is in an equilibrium state. Become. as a result,
An aqueous foam solution required for water discharge is supplied to the fire extinguishing head 8 at an appropriate pressure, and water discharge with a fire extinguishing effect is possible.

In addition, a safety valve 63 is provided in the pipe on the secondary side 35 so as not to inadvertently increase the pressure even if a resin pipe is used. Although the upper limit of the pressure of the resin pipe is approximately 7 kg / cm 2, the pressure is released from the safety valve 63 at 6.5 kg / cm 2 in consideration of safety.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, a water film foam extinguishing agent is used as a fire extinguishing agent, and an aqueous foam solution is discharged from a closed-type fire extinguishing head in a substantially liquid state instead of a foam. Therefore, in the case of ordinary fires, the fire is extinguished by letting a foam solution fall down on the burning material to cool it, and in the case of oil fires, a water film is formed on the surface of fuel such as gasoline to block oxygen. To extinguish the fire. Therefore, even if one or both of the ordinary fire and the oil fire occur in the protected area, the fire can be surely extinguished. For this reason, it is actually an effective fire extinguishing system for a parking lot where the A fire frequently occurs.

In addition, many fires in the parking lot are fires A, and in view of the fact that fire can be sufficiently extinguished by discharging water from a single head even if the simultaneous release method using an open head is not provided, the fire extinguishing head is required. By constructing a closed type, equipment costs can be reduced and the release of fire extinguisher to the protected area can be minimized, which facilitates cleaning and other treatment after fire extinguishing. Connect.

Furthermore, the released aqueous foam solution is not a foam,
Since the water droplets are scattered in the form of small water droplets, the flight distance can be improved and the fire extinguishing range can be increased. Even if a gasoline fire occurs, it is possible to sufficiently cope with the spread of the fire. Further, since the flowing water detecting device is provided with a pressure adjusting function, it is possible to discharge water while maintaining the pressure on the secondary side at an optimum pressure. Discharging water at this optimum pressure results in improved fire extinguishing performance and distribution performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a fire extinguishing system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a closed fire extinguishing head.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a flowing water detection device to which a pressure adjusting function is added.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a valve body portion of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

2 water tank, 4 chemical tank, 5 piping, 6 mixer, 8 closed fire extinguishing head, 10 head body, 1
1 discharge port, 12 valve element, 13 heat-sensitive member, 14 deflector, 20 running water detection device, 22 fire suppression control panel,
24 pump, 26 pressure regulating valve, 31 body,
32 communication port, 33 primary side, 35 secondary side, 36
Valve seat, 37 valve seat, 38 leg, 40 valve body, 40a seat, 41 piston, 42 limit switch, 43 rod, 45 cylinder chamber,
46 head, 47 through hole, 48 sealing means, 49
Protective cover, 51 orifice, 52 Bypass path 52, 55 Pressure regulating pilot valve, 58 Valve seat, 5
9 valve part, 60 diaphragm, 61 spring, 6
2 spring, 63 safety valve, 64 valve part, 65 valve seat, 66 skirt part 66, 67 bottom part, 68
Skirt part, 70 non-open area, 71 open area,
72 small opening, 73 large opening,

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A mixer connected to a water supply source and a fire extinguishing agent source to generate an aqueous solution, and a fire extinguishing head connected to a secondary side of the mixer via a pipe, wherein the fire extinguishing head is discharged. A fire extinguishing system for a parking lot, comprising a closed type fire extinguishing head having a valve body for closing an outlet and a heat-sensitive member for supporting the valve body, and wherein the fire extinguishing head is installed in a parking lot. 2. A fire extinguishing system for a parking lot according to claim 1, wherein a running water detecting device having a pressure adjusting function is provided between said closed fire extinguishing head and said mixer. 3. The fire extinguishing agent is a fire extinguishing agent that forms a water film, and discharges an aqueous solution obtained by mixing the fire extinguishing agent and water from the fire extinguishing head without bubbling at the time of fire. Item 3. A fire extinguishing system for a parking lot according to any one of Items 1 and 2.