JP2018143155A - Ophiocordyceps sinensis raising method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide Ophiocordyceps sinensis raising methods that have high culture efficiency and can harvest sufficient amount of Ophiocordyceps sinensis.SOLUTION: A Ophiocordyceps sinensis raising method of the present invention comprises: an alignment and installation step of making cylindrical containers 10 in the state where an opening 11 is opened align horizontally with vertical posture within a raising facility and at the same time install in multiple stacks; and a culture step of culturing the mycelium and fruit body of Ophiocordyceps sinensis in the cylindrical containers 10 while controlling the temperature, humidity, and illumination in a raising facility under predetermined conditions, the cylindrical container 10 comprising a ventilation opening 11 which can be opened and closed on upper part its side wall 16, in the raising method of Ophiocordyceps sinensis in which a culture medium in which the culture inoculum of Ophiocordyceps sinensis is inoculated is installed in the cylindrical container 10 and Ophiocordyceps sinensis is cultured by fungal bed cultivation.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating cordyceps, particularly to a method for cultivating cordyceps by fungus bed cultivation.

  Cordyceps is a type of mushroom that parasitizes adult insects, larvae, etc., and has long been useful as a herbal medicine, a medicinal dish, and a Chinese food material because it has many benefits.

  However, since natural Cordyceps is very valuable and expensive, in recent years, the fungus bed of Cordyceps has been grown using artificial media to stably supply relatively cheap Cordyceps. Cultivation is carried out. For example, the following Patent Literatures 1 and 2 disclose fungus bed cultivation of cordyceps.

JP 2006-204310 A Japanese Patent No. 5816005

  However, an effective method has not yet been established for fungus bed cultivation of Cordyceps sinensis, and there are many cases in which germination of the fruit body itself is small or the growth amount of the fruit body is small. In addition, there are many cases where a sufficient amount of harvest cannot be performed due to mold growing on the germinated fruit body or rotting.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for growing cordyceps that can harvest a sufficient amount of cordyceps with high culture efficiency.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for growing Cordyceps medicinal plant according to the present invention includes a medium inoculated with a culture inoculum of Cordyceps medicinal plant in a cylindrical container, and the method for growing Cordyceps medicinal plant by cultivating Cordyceps medicinal plant by fungus bed cultivation, The cylindrical container has a ventilating opening that can be opened and closed at the upper part of the side wall thereof, and the opened cylindrical container with the opening opened is aligned in a horizontal position in a vertical position in a breeding facility and stacked in a plurality of stages. And a culture step of culturing mycelium and fruit bodies of cordyceps in the cylindrical container while controlling temperature, humidity and illuminance in the breeding facility under predetermined conditions. It is characterized by that.

  According to the method for growing Cordyceps sinensis according to the present invention, a sufficient amount of Cordyceps can be harvested with high culture efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a growth container according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the container body according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the lid according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the breeding facility according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an aligned installation state of the growth containers according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a growing state of Cordyceps sinensis according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a growing state of Cordyceps sinensis according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a case will be described in which the mycelium and fruiting bodies of Cordyceps sinensis are grown and harvested by placing the culture medium and the cultured inoculum in a growth container and culturing.

  In this embodiment, the medium and cordyceps inoculum are stored in the container at the first place and the mycelium is grown to some extent, and then the container is transported to another second place before the child. The case where the germination and breeding of an entity are performed will be described.

  1A and 1B are diagrams showing a configuration of a growth container according to the present embodiment, in which FIG. 1A shows an open state and FIG. 1B shows a closed state. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the container body according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the lid according to the present embodiment.

  First, agricultural materials used in this embodiment will be described. A growth container 10 for storing a culture medium and cultured inoculum is a translucent plastic cylindrical container having a ventilation opening 11 that can be opened and closed at two upper portions of a cylindrical side surface, and a cylindrical container body 15 having an upper surface opened. And a cylindrical lid 25 which covers the upper end of the container body 15 and closes the upper surface opening, and which has an open lower surface.

  The two ventilation openings 11 are formed at two locations 180 degrees apart around the upper circumference. In a state where the container body 15 is covered with the lid 25 and the upper surface opening is closed, the inside of the growth container 10 is sealed, and the ventilation opening 11 becomes the only ventilation opening.

  The lid 25 is rotatable relative to the container body 15 around a cylindrical axis (center axis of the growth container 10) in a state of being covered with the upper surface of the opening of the container body 15, and in this embodiment, the lid 25 is for ventilation. It rotates between the open position (FIG. 1 (a)) where the opening 11 is opened and the closed position (FIG. 1 (b)) where the ventilation opening 11 is closed, and the opening degree of the ventilation opening 11 is rotated. It can be appropriately adjusted depending on the position.

  A main body side U-shaped notch (a main body side ventilation hole) 17 that forms a ventilation opening 11 is formed at the upper end of the main body side wall 16 that is a cylindrical side wall of the container main body 15. In order to rotate the lid 25 between the open position and the closed position, an opening / closing step portion 21 is formed that is cut out at a predetermined height over a predetermined length. One end of the opening / closing step 21 functions as a closing side locking portion 22 for locking the rotation of the lid 25 in the closed position, and the other end locks the rotation of the lid 25 in the open position. It functions as the open side latching | locking part 23.

  The lid side wall 26 which is the side wall of the cylindrical lid 25 is formed with a lid-side U-shaped notch (cover-side ventilation hole) 27 which forms a ventilation opening 11, which is notched upward from the lower end. Yes. The size of the lid-side U-shaped cutout 27 is substantially the same as the size of the main body-side U-shaped cutout 17.

  Next to the lid-side U-shaped cutout 27 on the inner wall surface of the lid side wall 26, the lid 25 is placed on the opening / closing step 21 on the main body side, and the lid 25 and the container body 15 are relatively rotated. A rotation locking convex portion 28 that protrudes inward is formed in order to sometimes collide with the locking portions 22 and 23 and stop the rotation operation of the lid 25.

  Since the rotation locking projection 28 does not collide when positioned between the closing side locking portion 22 and the opening side locking portion 23 in the opening / closing step portion 21, the rotation locking projection 28 moves together with the rotation of the lid 25. It is freely movable in the circumferential direction. At this time, a region where the main body side U-shaped notch 17 and the lid side U-shaped notch 27 are overlapped with each other functions as a ventilation opening 11, and the size of the ventilation opening 11 (by adjusting this overlapping region ( Opening degree) can be adjusted, and the ventilation amount in the breeding container 10 can be adjusted.

  When the lid 25 rotates in the opening direction (the direction in which the rotation locking convex portion 28 approaches the opening side locking portion 23), and the rotation locking convex portion 28 collides with the opening side locking portion 23, the lid 25 is moved further. It cannot be rotated in the opening direction and is in an open state. In the open state, the growth container 10 is configured such that the main body side U-shaped notch 17 and the lid side U-shaped notch 27 are almost completely overlapped, and the ventilation opening 11 is opened to the maximum. It becomes a state.

  When the lid 25 rotates in the closing direction (the direction in which the rotation locking projection 28 approaches the closing side locking portion 22) and the rotation locking projection 28 collides with the closing side locking portion 22, the lid 25 is It cannot be rotated further in the closing direction, and is in a closed state. In the closed state, the growth container 10 is configured so that the main body side U-shaped notch 17 and the lid side U-shaped notch 27 do not overlap at all, and the ventilation opening 11 is completely closed.

  Next, the breeding facility for breeding cordyceps is described. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the breeding facility according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an aligned installation state of the growth containers according to the present embodiment. The breeding facility 30 includes a greenhouse 31, an illumination 33, a light shielding system 35 having a slidable light shielding sheet 36, and a spraying system 40 for spraying water into the room. The greenhouse 31 is a semi-transparent vinyl substantially semi-cylindrical house, and an entrance / exit 32 is formed.

  The light shielding system 35 is configured to be able to manually slide the light shielding sheet 36. The light shielding sheet 36 extends in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse 31 and is installed along the ceiling surface. By turning the manual handle, the light shielding sheet 36 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction along the ceiling surface of the greenhouse 31 (width). Direction). The light shielding sheet 36 rises when sliding toward the center and descends when sliding away from the center.

  The light shielding system 35 includes a pair of left and right first light shielding sheets 36-1, a second light shielding sheet 36-2, and a third light shielding sheet 36-3, which are slidable independently. When the first light-shielding sheet 36-1 to the third light-shielding sheet 36-3 are sequentially positioned from the central part of the greenhouse 31 toward both sides, the incident amount of sunlight into the greenhouse 31 When the first light-shielding sheet 36-1 to the third light-shielding sheet 36-3 are positioned so as to overlap both sides, the amount of sunlight entering the greenhouse 31 is maximized. Can be.

  The spray system 40 includes a plurality of spray nozzles 41 installed on the ceiling in the room and a humidity sensor 43. By spraying water into the room from the spray nozzle 41, the humidity in the greenhouse 31 can be adjusted. It is. The humidity sensor 43 can measure the humidity inside the greenhouse 31, and the spray system 40 performs spraying by the spray nozzle 41 so that the room satisfies a predetermined humidity condition based on the measurement value of the humidity sensor 43. Control.

  A mounting table 50 for arranging a large number of growth containers 10 is installed in the greenhouse 31. The mounting table 50 is a three-stage shelf, and includes a first shelf 51, a second shelf 52, and a third shelf 53 in order from the bottom. In each of the shelves 51 to 53, the growth container 10 is installed in a vertical orientation so that its cylindrical axis is in the vertical direction, and is stacked and installed in a plurality of stages.

  Next, a method for growing cordyceps in this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a growing state in the growing container at the time of conveyance in which only the mycelium is grown. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a growing state in the growing container at the time of harvest when the fruiting body has grown.

  First, the mycelium 3 is cultured in the fungus bed 1 in the growth container 10 at the first place. Specifically, a large number of growth containers 10 are prepared, a predetermined culture soil is added to the bottom of each growth container 10 to form a culture medium (bacterial bed 1), and the fungus seedlings are inoculated with culture seeds of cordyceps. The fungus is cultured by fungus bed cultivation. As a result, the mycelium 3 gradually grows in the growth container 10. At this time, the mycelium 3 is preliminarily cultured while ventilating with the ventilation opening 11 being open (pre-culturing step).

  To a certain extent, for example, when the mycelium 3 grows up to cover the surface of the mycelium 1, in order to germinate and grow the fruit body 5 in the above-described breeding facility 30, a growth container containing the mycelium 1 and the mycelium 3 10 is conveyed to the breeding facility 30 (conveyance process).

  At the time of conveyance, it is performed in a state in which the ventilation opening 11 of the growth container 10 is closed, and the temperature of the growth container 10 is maintained at 5 ° C. For example, it is possible to maintain a predetermined temperature by storing and carrying the growth container 10 in a container with a temperature management function.

  In this way, when the growth container 10 is closed and transported at a temperature of 5 ° C., the supply of oxygen into the growth container 10 is stopped during transport, and the fungus of Cordyceps becomes dormant and the mycelium 3 Growth also stops.

  By transporting the mycelium 3 in a state where the growth is stopped, the growth container 10 containing the mycelium 3 can be freely carried to a desired place without depending on the distance or time. Further, by closing the ventilation opening 11, it is possible to prevent germs from entering the growth container 10 during transportation and causing the mycelium 3 to wither.

  Subsequently, a number of the growth containers 10 carried to the growth facility 30 are sequentially arranged on the mounting table 50. For installation, first, the ventilation opening 11 of the growth container 10 is opened. By opening the growth container 10, the supply of oxygen into the container 10 is resumed, and the fungus of Cordyceps can be grown.

  A number of the growth containers 10 are arranged on the shelves 51 to 53 in the vertical orientation in the horizontal direction, and are stacked in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction (alignment installation step). In the present embodiment, the growing container 10 has a cylindrical shape because both the container body 15 and the lid 25 are made of plastic, that is, the entire growing container 10 is made of rigid plastic, and the upper surface and the lower surface are horizontal surfaces. It is possible to stack a plurality of stages in the vertical direction by placing the container 10 in a vertical orientation in which the cylinder axis is vertical.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, the growth containers 10 are stacked and installed in 1 to 4 stages. If the ventilation openings 11 of the growth containers 10 adjacent in the horizontal direction face each other and face each other, the ventilation efficiency is lowered. Therefore, when installing the growth container 10, it is necessary to shift the ventilation openings 11 so that the ventilation openings 11 do not face each other. desirable.

  When the alignment and installation of the growth container 10 is completed, the fungus (mycelium, fruiting body) of Cordyceps sinensis in the room of the growth facility 30 is cultured under predetermined temperature conditions, humidity conditions, and illuminance conditions (culture process). With respect to the temperature condition, in the present embodiment, the room temperature is controlled to be within a predetermined temperature range (18 to 23 ° C.). The temperature control is performed by an air conditioner 45 that is an air conditioner installed in the greenhouse 31.

  Regarding the humidity condition, in the present embodiment, the indoor humidity is controlled to be in a predetermined humidity range (80 to 95%). The humidity control is performed by spraying water into the room for a predetermined time by the spray system 40 when the indoor humidity measured by the humidity sensor 43 becomes a predetermined value or less.

  With respect to the illuminance condition, in this embodiment, the illuminance in the room during the day is controlled to be 300 to 800 lux. The illuminance control is performed by adjusting the brightness of each illumination 33 and the number of illuminations 33 to be lit, or adjusting the amount of sunlight incident into the room by the light shielding system 35.

  When it is sunny, the illuminance in the greenhouse 31 becomes more than 1,000 lux with only sunlight, so all the lights 33 are turned off and the shading sheet 36 is raised to limit the incidence of sunlight into the room. And adjust the illuminance in the room. When it is raining or cloudy, the illumination 33 is turned on to adjust the illuminance. In this embodiment, the illumination 33 is turned off at night.

  In the culture in the greenhouse 31, ventilation in the room is also important, and ventilation is performed by opening the entrance 32 of the greenhouse 31 as appropriate. Moreover, it is desirable to adjust the opening degree of the ventilation opening 11 of the growth container 10 arranged in a large number in the greenhouse 31 according to the installation place in the room.

  For example, the opening degree of the growth container 10 installed in a place where fresh outdoor air is likely to enter, such as the vicinity of the entrance / exit 32, is reduced, and the cultivation is provided in a place where fresh outdoor air is difficult to enter, such as near the center of the room. It is desirable that the opening degree of the container 10 be large and fully open.

  In this way, by adjusting the opening degree of the ventilation opening 11 of the growth container 10 according to the installation location and making the ventilation property in the growth vessel 10 uniform, the variation in the degree of growth depending on the installation location of the growth container 10 can be reduced. It is possible to uniformly grow cordyceps.

  If the growth is continued under such a growth condition, the fruiting body 5 germinates from the upper surface of the mycelium 3 after a predetermined period (for example, 2 months), and then the germinated fruiting body 5 gradually grows. Elongate. At this time, oxygen and water are also required for the growth of the fruit body 5, and the fruit body 5 grows toward the ventilation opening 11.

  In the present embodiment, two ventilation openings 11 are formed at a position 180 ° apart from the upper part of the growth container 10, and the inflow of oxygen and moisture into the growth container 10 is not concentrated in one place. It is possible to prevent 5 from growing while being concentrated toward one place.

  When the fruiting body 5 grows to a predetermined length (for example, about 5 cm), the mycelium 3 and the fruiting body 5 are taken out of the growth container 10 together with the fungus bed 1, and the fruiting body 5 is harvested. The harvested fruit body 5 is pulverized and used for various purposes as an additive to foodstuffs. In addition, the mycelium 3 and the fungus bed 1 can be used as an additive in the same manner by pulverizing.

  Although the present embodiment has been described above, in the present embodiment, the growth container 10 in which the fungus bed 1 is placed is aligned and installed in a vertically installed posture in which the cylindrical axis is vertical, and therefore when installed horizontally. In comparison, the degree of freedom of installation of the growth vessel 10 is high, and a gap is formed by appropriately adjusting the interval between the growth vessels 10 adjacent in the horizontal direction, or the growth vessel 10 is rotated about the cylindrical axis to open the ventilation. 11 position can be adjusted appropriately.

  In addition, water droplets are usually generated in the growth container 10 installed in a high-humidity room, but the growth container 10 in which the ventilation opening 11 is formed in the upper part of the cylindrical side wall is displayed in a vertically placed posture, so that Since the generated water accumulates at the bottom of the container, the fruiting body 5 is immersed in water and decays, or water leaks out of the growth container 10 and enters the other growth container 10 positioned below. Can be prevented.

  In addition, by setting the cylindrical growth container 10 in the vertical orientation, it is possible to install it in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction, efficiently using the indoor space of the greenhouse 31 and more in the same area. Can be cultivated in the amount of cordyceps.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the shape, size, etc. of each member constituting the growth container and the growth facility can be appropriately changed.

  In the above embodiment, two ventilation openings are formed in the upper part of the cylindrical container. However, the number of ventilation openings is not limited to two and can be changed as appropriate. There may be three or more, or one. However, as described above, it is desirable to provide a plurality of ventilation openings in order to prevent the fruit bodies from growing densely.

  In the present embodiment, the growth container is a translucent container, but may be a transparent container, and the growth container may be a transparent or translucent container that can transmit light into the container.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mycelium 3 Mycelium 5 Fruit body 10 Growing container 11 Ventilation opening 15 Container main body 16 Main body side wall 17 Main body side U-shaped notch 21 Opening / closing stepped portion 22 Closed side locking portion 23 Opening side locking portion 25 Lid 26 Lid side wall 27 lid-side U-shaped notch 28 rotation locking projection 30 growing facility 31 greenhouse 32 entrance 33 lighting 35 light shielding system 36 light shielding sheet 40 spraying system 41 spray nozzle 43 humidity sensor 45 air conditioner 50 mounting table 51 first shelf 52 second shelf 53 Third shelf

Claims (5)

In a method for growing Cordyceps medicinal plants, in which a medium inoculated with a culture inoculum of Cordyceps sinensis is installed in a cylindrical container, and Cordyceps medicinal plants are cultured by fungus bed cultivation,
The cylindrical container has a ventilation opening that can be opened and closed at an upper portion of the side wall thereof, and the cylindrical container in an opened state in which the opening is opened is aligned in a horizontal position in a vertical position in a breeding facility, and a plurality of stages are provided. An alignment installation process that stacks and installs;
Culturing the mycelium and fruiting bodies of Cordyceps sinensis in the cylindrical container while managing the temperature, humidity and illuminance in the breeding facility under predetermined conditions,
A method for nurturing cordyceps.   Prior to the alignment and installation step, the cylindrical container in which only the mycelium is cultured before the fruiting body germinates is transported from another place to the breeding facility with the opening closed. The method for cultivating cordyceps as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a conveying step.   The method for growing Cordyceps sinensis according to claim 1, wherein the alignment installation step is a step of installing the cylindrical containers so that the openings of the cylindrical containers adjacent in the horizontal direction are not opposed to each other. The tubular container used in the method for growing Cordyceps of Claim 1 above,
A cylindrical container body whose upper surface is opened;
A cylindrical lid having an open lower surface that covers the cylindrical container main body so as to be rotatable around a cylindrical axis;
In the upper part of the side wall of the cylindrical container body, a body side ventilation hole is formed,
At the lower part of the side wall of the cylindrical lid, a lid side ventilation hole is formed,
The ventilation opening is configured by rotating the cylindrical lid around the cylindrical axis with respect to the cylindrical container body, and the body-side ventilation hole and the lid-side ventilation hole overlap. Cylindrical growth container used for growing Cordyceps sinensis.   5. The cylindrical growth container according to claim 4, wherein the ventilation openings are formed at two positions 180 degrees apart around the circumference of the upper part of the cylindrical growth container.

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