JP2018096385A - 高圧タンク - Google Patents

高圧タンク Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2018096385A
JP2018096385A JP2016238100A JP2016238100A JP2018096385A JP 2018096385 A JP2018096385 A JP 2018096385A JP 2016238100 A JP2016238100 A JP 2016238100A JP 2016238100 A JP2016238100 A JP 2016238100A JP 2018096385 A JP2018096385 A JP 2018096385A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
release agent
liner
layer
reinforcing layer
pressure tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2016238100A
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English (en)
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JP6713920B2 (ja
Inventor
稲生　隆嗣
Takashi Inao
隆嗣 稲生
弘和 大坪
Hirokazu Otsubo
弘和 大坪
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Priority to JP2016238100A priority Critical patent/JP6713920B2/ja
Priority to DE102017127853.2A priority patent/DE102017127853B4/de
Priority to US15/825,384 priority patent/US10982810B2/en
Publication of JP2018096385A publication Critical patent/JP2018096385A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6713920B2 publication Critical patent/JP6713920B2/ja
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    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】ライナと補強層との固着を抑制可能な技術を提供する。
【解決手段】高圧タンクであって、ライナと、ライナの表面に形成された離型剤層と、離型剤層上に、樹脂と繊維とで形成された補強層と、を備え、離型剤層の厚みは、補強層を形成する繊維の直径以下である。
【選択図】図１

Description

本発明は、高圧タンクに関する。
高圧タンクとして、例えば、特許文献１に記載されているように、ライナと補強層との間に離型剤層が配置された構造を有するものが知られている。
特開２０１６−１７６５９９号公報
離型剤層の厚みに起因して、補強層に含まれる樹脂と離型剤とが混合する場合がある。すると補強層に対するライナの離型性が低下してライナと補強層とが固着し、温度変化等に伴うライナの伸縮が妨げられるおそれがある。そのため、ライナと補強層との固着を抑制可能な技術が望まれていた。
本発明は、上述の課題の少なくとも一部を解決するためになされたものであり、以下の形態として実現することが可能である。
本発明の一形態によれば、高圧タンクが提供される。この高圧タンクは、ライナと；前記ライナの表面に形成された離型剤層と；前記離型剤層上に、樹脂と繊維とで形成された補強層と、を備え；前記離型剤層の厚みは、前記補強層を形成する前記繊維の直径以下である。この形態の高圧タンクによれば、離型剤層の厚みは、補強層を形成する繊維の直径より小さいため、補強層を形成する樹脂と離型剤層を形成する離型剤とが混合することを抑制できる。そのため、ライナと補強層との固着を抑制できる。
なお、本発明は、種々の形態で実現することが可能であり、例えば、高圧タンクの製造方法等の形態で実現することができる。
高圧タンクの概略構造を示す概形図である。 図１をＩＩ−ＩＩラインで切断した断面図である。 図２のＡ部分の参考図である。 図２のＡ部分の拡大図である。
図１は、本発明の一実施形態における高圧タンク１００の概略構造を示す断面図である。高圧タンク１００は、例えば１０〜７０ＭＰａの高圧水素を収容し、燃料電池車両に搭載される。高圧タンク１００は、ライナ１０と、口金２０と、離型剤層３０と、補強層４０とを備える。
ライナ１０は、円筒部１２と円筒部１２の両端に設けられた二つのドーム部１４とを有する。ライナ１０は、例えばポリエチレン、ナイロン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル等の水素ガスに対するガスバリア性を有する樹脂によって形成されている。なお、本実施形態においては、ライナ１０は樹脂製としたが、金属製であってもよい。円筒部１２およびドーム部１４の外周には補強層４０が形成されている。本実施形態において、口金２０は、ライナ１０の長手方向両端に設けられているが、一端だけに設けられてもよい。
補強層４０は、例えば、ガラス繊維や炭素繊維（以下、単に「繊維」という）を１００００〜４００００本程度束ね、エポキシ等の熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させることによって形成された繊維束を、フィラメントワインディング法によって、ライナ１０の外周の後述する離型剤層３０上に巻き付け、熱硬化させることによって形成されている。繊維束に含浸させる樹脂としては、例えば、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂等、他の熱硬化性樹脂を用いてもよい。本実施形態において、補強層４０を形成する繊維１本の直径は６μｍ程度である。繊維の直径はこれより大きくても小さくてもよい。なお、補強層４０の外表面には、高圧タンク１００の強度を向上させるための保護層が形成されていてもよい。保護層は、例えば、ガラス繊維強化プラスチックにより形成可能である。
離型剤層３０は、離型剤をライナ１０の表面にスプレー若しくはワイピング等で塗布して乾燥させることによって形成されている。離型剤の単位面積当たりの塗布量（目付量）は、離型剤層３０の厚み（以下、「膜厚」という）が予め定めた厚みになるように予め定められている。本実施形態では、離型剤層３０は、ライナ１０と補強層４０との間の全領域に形成されている。離型剤層３０は、ライナ１０と補強層４０との固着を抑制している。
本実施形態においては、離型剤として水溶性のワックス系離型剤であるポリエチレンワックスを用いる。その他、離型剤として、シリコン系離型剤やフッ素系離型剤等を用いてもよい。なお、離型剤層３０は、ライナ１０と補強層４０との間の領域のうち、円筒部１２と補強層４０との間の領域にのみ形成されてもよい。離型剤層３０のことを「固着防止層」と呼ぶこともできる。
本実施形態において、離型剤層３０の膜厚は０よりも大きく、補強層４０を形成する繊維の直径以下である。膜厚は、高圧タンク１００（好ましくは、円筒部１２）の少なくとも一部の断面を電子顕微鏡により画像解析および成分解析して離型剤成分の厚みの平均値を求めることで測定できる。補強層４０がライナ１０から剥離した状態では、ライナ１０側に付着した離型剤層３０の膜厚と、補強層４０側に付着した離型剤層３０の膜厚とをそれぞれ測定して足し合わせることで、離型剤層３０の膜厚を算出できる。本実施形態では、離型剤層３０の膜厚は、補強層４０を形成する繊維の直径以下であるが、補強層４０を形成する繊維の直径の半分以下であることがより好ましい。
図２は、図１をＩＩ−ＩＩラインで切断した断面図である。図２に示すように、ライナ１０の表面には、離型剤層３０が形成されている。また、離型剤層３０上には、補強層４０が形成されている。離型剤層３０の厚みは、例えば、１〜６μｍであり、補強層４０の厚みは、例えば、２０〜３０ｍｍである。
図３は、図２のＡ部分の参考図である。図３に示すように、離型剤層３０の膜厚が補強層４０を形成する繊維ＣＦの直径より大きい場合、高圧タンク１００の製造時、より具体的には、補強層４０の熱硬化時に、繊維ＣＦが離型剤層３０に埋まり、繊維ＣＦに含浸されたエポキシ樹脂と離型剤層３０を形成する離型剤３１とが相溶して混合する場合がある。この場合、例えば、高圧タンク１００の使用時に、補強層４０の内部の繊維ＣＦ間の位置Ｐにおいて剥離が生じ、ライナ１０と補強層４０とが固着したままになることがある。
図４は、図２のＡ部分の拡大図である。図４に示すように、本実施形態では、離型剤層３０の膜厚が補強層４０を形成する繊維ＣＦの直径以下である。そのため、高圧タンク１００の製造時に、繊維ＣＦが離型剤層３０に埋まりにくくなり、繊維ＣＦに含浸されたエポキシ樹脂と離型剤層３０とが混合することを抑制できる。そのため、ライナ１０と補強層４０との固着が抑制され、ライナ１０を容易に補強層４０から剥離させることができる。また、膜厚が補強層４０を形成する繊維ＣＦの直径の半分以下である場合には、繊維ＣＦの最も幅が広い中心部分が離型剤層３０に埋まることが抑制されるため、より容易にライナ１０を補強層４０から剥離させることができる。つまり、本実施形態では、離型剤層３０の膜厚は薄ければ薄いほど、補強層４０に対するライナ１０の離型性を高めることができる。
以上で説明した本実施形態の高圧タンク１００によれば、離型剤層３０の厚みが、補強層４０を形成する繊維ＣＦの直径より小さいため、補強層４０を形成するエポキシ樹脂と、離型剤層３０を形成する離型剤とが混合することを抑制できる。そのため、ライナ１０と補強層４０との固着を抑制でき、この結果、温度変化等に伴うライナ１０の伸縮が妨げられることを抑制できる。また、本実施形態によれば、離型剤層３０の膜厚が比較的薄いので、離型剤層３０を形成するための離型剤の塗布量を削減できる。そのため、高圧タンク１００の製造コストを削減することができる。
本発明は、上述の実施形態に限られるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の構成で実現することができる。例えば発明の概要の欄に記載した各形態中の技術的特徴に対応する実施形態中の技術的特徴は、上述した課題を解決するために、あるいは上述の効果の一部又は全部を達成するために、適宜、差し替えや組み合わせを行うことが可能である。また、その技術的特徴が本明細書中に必須なものとして説明されていなければ、適宜削除することが可能である。
１０…ライナ
１２…円筒部
１４…ドーム部
２０…口金
３０…離型剤層
３１…離型剤
４０…補強層
１００…高圧タンク
ＣＦ…繊維
Ｐ…位置

Claims (1)

  1. 高圧タンクであって、
    ライナと、
    前記ライナの表面に形成された離型剤層と、
    前記離型剤層上に、樹脂と繊維とで形成された補強層と、を備え、
    前記離型剤層の厚みは、前記補強層を形成する前記繊維の直径以下である、高圧タンク。
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