JP2018017092A - Building unit and manufacturing method of building unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology which facilitates connection with another element at an upper part of a building unit.SOLUTION: A building unit 1 is assembled beforehand in a place other than a construction site of a building and constitutes one part of the building, and it includes: a base 11 as a lower side horizontal member; a plurality of pillars 12 extending upward from the base 11; and a wall 17 formed between the plurality of pillars 12. The wall 17 includes an inside surface material 13 as an inner panel for forming an inside wall surface, a stud 15, an upper frame material 16a, a lower frame material 16b, and an outside surface material 14 as an outer panel for forming an outside wall surface. The outside surface material 14 is temporarily fixed in a detachable manner.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 16

Description

  The present invention relates to a building unit constituting a part of a building and a method for manufacturing the building unit.

  In general, all construction of a building such as a house is performed at the building construction site. For example, in the case of a wooden house, after the concrete foundation is constructed at the construction site, pillars, beams, etc., which constitute the framework of the house, a floor, a wall, etc. are constructed on the concrete foundation, and then the water Construction work for housing equipment such as equipment and electrical equipment will be implemented. Housing equipment installed at a construction site may cause variations in construction accuracy, and may be a factor for extending the construction period. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technique in which an equipment unit including a bathroom, a toilet, a washing place, a kitchen, and the like is produced in a factory and installed at a construction site. The equipment units are divided and transported to the construction site, installed at the construction site and joined together. At the construction site, with the equipment unit as the core, other entrances, living rooms, etc. are constructed on site by conventional construction methods.

JP-A-2-232445

  Building units, such as equipment units, that form part of a building, such as a house, are installed at the construction site, and then receive roof construction on the top, or if the building has a structure of two or more stories, May receive a stack of building units. And the upper part of a building unit is connected with the structural material of a roof, or the stacked building unit.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a building unit and a method for manufacturing the building unit that facilitate connection with another element at the top.

  In order to achieve the above object, a building unit according to an aspect of the present invention is a building unit that is pre-assembled at a place other than a building construction location and constitutes a part of the building, and includes a lower horizontal member, A plurality of columns extending upward from the lower horizontal member; a wall formed between the plurality of columns, an inner panel forming an inner wall surface; and a wall having an outer panel forming an outer wall surface; The outer panel is temporarily fixed in a detachable manner.

  A manufacturing method of a building unit according to one aspect of the present invention is a manufacturing method of a building unit that is pre-assembled at a place other than a building construction location and constitutes a part of the building, and is outside the construction location of the building, A step of assembling an inner wall portion of the wall of the building unit; a step of assembling and temporarily fixing an outer wall portion of the wall of the building unit other than the construction site of the building; and a structure on the wall at the construction location of the building A step of disposing a material, and a step of removing the temporarily fixed outer wall portion at the construction site of the building and moving it upward so as to overlap with the structural material and fixing it.

  According to the building unit etc. which concern on this invention, the connection with another element in the upper part can be made smooth.

It is a perspective view which shows typically the external appearance of the building unit which concerns on embodiment. It is sectional drawing which looked at the direction II which goes down the cross section which cut | disconnects the 1st building unit of FIG. 1 in a horizontal direction. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the wall panel which comprises the wall of the 1st building unit of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state in which the wall panel of FIG. 4 is installed in a base. It is sectional drawing which looked at the cross section which cut | disconnects the 2nd building unit of FIG. 1 in a horizontal direction in the direction V which goes below. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the 1st building unit after completion of manufacture in a factory. It is a cross-sectional side view along the VII-VII line of the load-bearing wall of the 1st building unit of FIG. It is a cross-sectional side view along the VIII-VIII line of the non-bearing wall of the 1st building unit of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state by which the suspension member was attached to the 1st building unit of FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional side view of a vertical cross section passing through the vicinity of the center in the longitudinal direction of the first building unit of FIG. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the lower part of the suspension member of FIG. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the upper part of the suspension member of FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which the first building unit of FIG. 9 is lifted. It is a perspective view which shows the foundation in which the 1st building unit of FIG. 9 is installed. It is a perspective view which shows the lower part of a suspension member in case the suspension member of FIG. 10 is attached to a 2nd building unit. It is a cross-sectional side view which shows the modification of the bearing wall of the building unit which concerns on embodiment similarly to FIG.

  Below, the building unit which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated in detail using drawing. Note that each of the embodiments described below shows a preferred specific example of the present invention. Therefore, numerical values, shapes, materials, components, arrangement and connection forms of components, steps (processes), order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. . Therefore, among the constituent elements in the following embodiments, constituent elements that are not described in the independent claims showing the highest concept of the present invention are described as optional constituent elements.

  Each figure is a mimetic diagram and is not necessarily illustrated strictly. Moreover, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same structural member. Further, in the following embodiments, expressions accompanied by “substantially” such as substantially the same or substantially square may be used. For example, substantially the same means not only that they are completely the same, but also means that they are substantially the same, i.e. include, for example, a few percent difference. The same applies to expressions using other “abbreviations”.

[Embodiment]
[Building unit]
The outline | summary of the building unit 1 which concerns on embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the exterior of a building unit 1 according to the embodiment. The building unit 1 constitutes a part of a building. When a building is constructed using the building unit 1, other structures such as an entrance and a living room are constructed around the building unit 1 with the building unit 1 installed at the construction site as a core. For example, building columns, beams, outer walls, inner walls, ceilings, and the like are constructed based on the building unit 1. Such a building unit 1 is also called a core unit that becomes a core when a building is constructed. In the present embodiment, the building to which the building unit 1 is applied is a wooden house, but may be a non-wooden house in which only a part is wooden, or may be a non-house other than a wooden or wooden structure such as a store, a factory, or a warehouse. Good. In the present embodiment, the building is a two-story building, but it may be a three-story building or more, and may further have a basement, and may have a basement if it has a basement.

  The building unit 1 according to the present embodiment is a core unit that collectively includes many water facilities and electrical facilities necessary for a house. By concentrating most of the water facilities in the building unit 1, it is possible to secure a large living space even in a small house.

  In the present embodiment, the building unit 1 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape. At least one side surface of the building unit 1 may constitute an outer wall of the building. In a building, one or more building units 1 are stacked and arranged one above the other. The plurality of building units 1 constitute, for example, a part of a house having two or more stories. In this case, the plurality of building units 1 can be stacked and connected to each other to constitute each of a plurality of floors. In this Embodiment, the some building unit 1 is the 1st building unit 10 and the 2nd building unit 20 which comprise a part of two-story house. Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is formed by a wooden shaft assembly method. Specifically, each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 includes a framework formed of a plurality of horizontal members such as columns and beams, a face material, and the like.

  Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 constitutes one floor among a plurality of floors, and the second building unit 20 constitutes a floor directly above the first building unit 10. In the present embodiment, the first building unit 10 constitutes the first floor of the building, and the second building unit 20 constitutes the second floor of the building. The first building unit 10 is arranged on the foundation 40 and fixed to the foundation 40. For example, the foundation 40 is integrated with the foundation of a building and constructed together with the foundation of the building. The foundation 40 may be, for example, a reinforced concrete cloth foundation or a solid foundation, and has anchor bolts (not shown) embedded in the foundation 40 and projecting upward from the upper surface of the foundation 40. The anchor bolt is fastened to a column base fitting provided at the bottom of the column portion of the first building unit 10, thereby fixing the first building unit 10 to the foundation 40.

The plurality of building units 1 are assembled in advance at a place other than the construction place of the building such as a factory. That is, the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 are industrialized units in which various facilities are incorporated in advance in a factory or the like. The factory production of the building unit 1 makes it possible to manufacture the high-quality and high-functional building unit 1 and further reduce the construction period at the construction site.
The first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 assembled in the factory, that is, manufactured in the factory, are each transported to a construction site by a transport vehicle such as a truck. The transported first building unit 10 and second building unit 20 are stacked and installed at the construction site, and are connected and fixed to each other.

  Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 as described above has a size equivalent to a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape. Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 may be designed to have a height that does not exceed the height limit of the Road Traffic Law when placed on the platform of a transport vehicle such as a truck. As an example, each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 has a planar size of about 3745 mm × 1925 mm and a height of about 2700 mm.

[Configuration of first building unit and second building unit]
Specific configurations of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 will be described. Referring to FIG. 1, the first building unit 10 constituting the first floor of the building and the second building unit 20 constituting the second floor of the building are each an architectural structure as a frame structure by a wooden frame construction method, for example. Is provided. The building structure includes a frame assembly made of building materials such as horizontal members such as beams and foundations, and pillars, and a floor assembly made of building materials such as pulling. The horizontal member constitutes the base of the first building unit 10 and the beam of the second building unit 20. The building structure is assembled in advance in a place other than the construction place such as a factory.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the building structure of the first building unit 10 includes a rectangular frame-shaped base 11, a plurality of pillars 12 built on the base 11, an inner side surface member 13 spanned between the pillars 12, and On the outer side surface material 14, a plurality of intermediate columns 15 disposed between the columns 12, a plurality of unillustrated pullings that span the base 11, a floor surface material (not illustrated) that is laid on the pullouts, and an upper portion of the columns 12 It is formed by a ceiling panel (not shown) to be installed. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first building unit 10 of FIG. 1 cut in the horizontal direction and viewed in the direction II, and shows a schematic plan view of the inside of the first building unit 10. It is also a figure. The pillars 12 and the inter-columns 15 extend in the up-down direction, and the base 11 and the overdrawing extend in a substantially horizontal direction.

  At the bottom of the column 12, a column base fitting for connecting the column 12, the base 11, and the large pull together is attached. In the present embodiment, the first building unit 10 does not include a beam on the ceiling side, specifically, a torso and a second floor beam. And when installing the 2nd building unit 20 on the 1st building unit 10, the trunk line arrange | positioned on the floor side of the 2nd building unit 20 and the upper part of the some pillar 12 of the 1st building unit 10 and The floor-side horizontal member 21a constituting the second-floor floor beam is connected also as a beam on the ceiling side of the first building unit 10 or the like. In the present embodiment, the base 11, the pillar 12, the inner side face member 13, the outer side face member 14, the intermediate pillar 15, and a building material such as a large drawing (not shown) are wood. Furthermore, the inner side surface material 13 and the outer side surface material 14 are comprised by board | plate materials, such as a plywood.

  The pillar 12, the inner side face material 13, the outer side face material 14, and the interposition pillar 15 form a wall 17 of the first building unit 10. The inner surface material 13 and the outer surface material 14 form an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface of the wall 17. A wall material (not shown) such as a gypsum board can be installed on the inner side surface material 13 disposed inside the wall 17. Furthermore, wallpaper can be affixed on the wall material. The outer side member 14 is disposed outside the wall 17. The pillar 12, the inner side face member 13, the outer side face member 14, and the interposition pillar 15 may be individually assembled to the base 11, or may be assembled as a wall panel 19 as shown in FIG. Good. The wall 17 may be formed by the wall panel 19 being built on the base 11. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a wall panel constituting the wall 17 of the first building unit 10 of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the wall panel 19 includes a plurality of pillars 12 arranged substantially in parallel, a plurality of middle pillars 15 arranged substantially parallel to the pillars 12 between the pillars 12, an upper portion of the plurality of pillars 12, and It includes an upper frame member 16 a that connects the upper portions of the plurality of intermediate columns 15, a lower frame member 16 b that connects the lower portions of the plurality of columns 12 and the lower portions of the plurality of intermediate columns 15, an inner side surface member 13, and a wall member 18. The inner side surface member 13 is disposed on one of two wall surfaces formed by the frame of the wall panel 19 formed by the columns 12, the inter-columns 15, the upper frame member 16a, and the lower frame member 16b assembled together. The wall material 18 is a plaster board or the like, and is attached to the surface of the inner side surface material 13. The other of the two wall surfaces formed by the frame of the wall panel 19 is covered with the outer face material 14 after the wall panel 19 is installed on the base 11. In addition, an engagement hole 12 a extending in the axial direction is formed on the lower end surface of the column 12.

  As shown in FIG. 4, each of the column 12 alone and the wall panel 19 of the wall 17 has a plurality of rod-like shapes protruding from the upper surface of the base 11 in the engagement holes 12 a on the lower end surface of the column 12. It is built on the base 11 while inserting the connecting bracket 11a. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the wall panel 19 of FIG. 3 is installed on the base 11. The column 12 and the wall panel 19 are positioned and fixed with respect to the base 11 by the engagement of the coupling metal 11a and the engagement hole 12a. Therefore, the construction of the wall 17 is simple and quick. In addition, the connection metal fitting 11a may be provided independently in the base 11, and may be provided as a part of the column base metal fitting 11b arrange | positioned in the base 11. FIG.

  The wall 17 includes a bearing wall 17a and a non-bearing wall 17b. The bearing wall 17a is a wall having the ability to resist horizontal loads due to earthquakes, winds, and the like. The load bearing wall 17a is structurally fixed to a building, for example, fixed to a structural material of the building. The bearing wall 17a is an element that plays a structural role in the building. The non-bearing wall 17b is an element that does not play a structural role in the building. The non-bearing wall 17b is not structurally fixed to the building. In the present embodiment, the base 11 and the pillar 12 of the first building unit 10, the floor side horizontal member 21 a and the column 22 of the second building unit 20, and the ceiling side horizontal member 21 b described later are included in the load-bearing wall 17 a. It is a building structural material that is fixed. For example, at least one load bearing wall 17a extends along the longitudinal direction of the first building unit 10 and is disposed on each of the longitudinal side portions 10a and 10c facing each other. The building unit 10 is disposed on each of the short side portions 10b and 10d that extend along the short direction of the building unit 10 and face each other. The non-bearing wall 17b is located between the bearing walls 17a.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 and 5, the building structure of the second building unit 20 includes a floor-side horizontal member 21 a, a plurality of pillars 22, an inner side face member 23 and an outer side face piece 24, spanned between the pillars 22, and pillars. 22, a plurality of intermediate columns 25, a ceiling-side horizontal member 21 b arranged on the upper part of the column 22, a floor material (not shown) installed on the floor-side horizontal member 21 a, and an upper part of the column 22. It is formed by a ceiling panel or the like (not shown). Similarly to the first building unit 10, the floor material may be composed of a floor surface material or the like. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the cross section of the second building unit 20 of FIG. 1 cut in the horizontal direction as viewed in the downward direction V, and shows a schematic plan view of the inside of the second building unit 20. It is also a figure. The columns 22 and the inter-columns 25 extend in the vertical direction, and the floor-side horizontal member 21a and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b extend in a substantially horizontal direction. The floor-side horizontal member 21a is configured by a trunk and a second-floor floor beam, and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is configured by a second-floor ceiling beam and the like.

The floor-side horizontal member 21a connects the lower portions of the plurality of columns 22 to each other, and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b connects the upper portions of the plurality of columns 22 to each other. In the present embodiment, the pillar 22 is disposed on the floor-side horizontal member 21 a and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21 b is disposed on the upper end of the pillar 22. The floor-side horizontal member 21a and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b may be disposed on the side portion of the column 22.
In the present embodiment, building materials such as the floor-side horizontal member 21a, the columns 22, the inner side surface material 23, the outer side surface material 24, the inter-columns 25, and the ceiling-side horizontal material 21b are wood. Furthermore, the inner surface material 23 and the outer surface material 24 are made of a plate material such as a plywood.

  The column 22, the inner side surface material 23, the outer side surface material 24, and the intermediate column 25 form a wall 27 of the second building unit 20. The inner surface material 23 and the outer surface material 24 form an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface of the wall 27. A wall material (not shown) such as a gypsum board is installed on the inner side surface material 23 inside the wall 27, and further, wallpaper can be pasted on the wall material. The outer side surface member 24 is disposed outside the wall 27. The wall 27 includes a bearing wall 27a and a non-bearing wall 27b. In the present embodiment, the floor-side horizontal member 21a, the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b, and the column 22 of the second building unit 20 are building structural materials to which the bearing wall 17a is fixed.

  The pillars 22, the inner side surface material 23, the outer side surface material 24, and the interposition pillar 25 may be individually assembled to the floor side horizontal member 21 a, and before the assembly to the floor side horizontal material 21 a, the first building unit 10. It may be assembled as a wall panel similar to the wall panel 19 and built on the floor-side horizontal member 21a. In any of the pillar 22 alone and the wall panel of the wall 27, these are provided with a plurality of connecting metal fittings protruding from the upper surface of the floor-side horizontal member 21a in each of the engagement holes formed in the lower end surface of the pillar 22. It is built on the floor side horizontal member 21a while being inserted.

[Facility]
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, in the present embodiment, building unit 1 includes equipment. The equipment is specifically residential equipment, and includes, for example, watering equipment, electrical equipment, air-conditioning ventilation equipment, interior decoration, and the like. Each facility is installed in advance at a location other than the construction site in at least one of the plurality of building units 1 arranged in the building.
The watering facility includes, for example, at least one of a bath (bathroom), a toilet, a sink, and a kitchen. The watering equipment may further include a water heater (hot water system), including drainage pipes installed in a pipe space formed in the back of the ceiling, under the floor or in the wall, water supply pipes and hot water supply pipes, etc. Good.

  In the present embodiment, a toilet 31 and a wash basin 32 are installed inside the first building unit 10. Furthermore, a space 33 in which facility equipment can be arranged is provided inside the first building unit 10. A power outlet is disposed in the space 33, and the space 33 can be used as, for example, a pantry in which a refrigerator or the like for storing food is installed. A toilet 31, a wash basin 32, and a unit bath 34 are installed inside the second building unit 20. Although not shown, various pipes are arranged in a space between the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20.

The electrical equipment may include, for example, a distribution board, an interphone, an information board, an operation panel for operating various equipment, a creation cooperation apparatus (creation cooperation system), and equipment such as lighting. The electrical facilities may further include switches, outlets, and wiring facilities such as information wiring and electrical wiring. A distribution board, an intercom, an information board, an operation panel, a creation cooperation device, a switch, an outlet, and the like can be arranged indoors. Various wirings can be placed behind the ceiling, under the floor or in the wall.
The air-conditioning ventilation equipment may include, for example, an air-conditioning indoor unit such as an air conditioner installed indoors, a heat exchanger installed in a ceiling or the like, a ventilation fan, and the like. The air conditioning ventilation facility may further include various pipes such as a duct installed in the pipe space.
The interior may include finishing materials, joinery, storage tools, and the like applied to the floor, wall, ceiling, and the like in the building unit 1.

  In addition, the quantity of each above-mentioned installation, arrangement | positioning, etc. are only examples, and are not specifically limited. For example, in this Embodiment, although the structure where both the 1st building unit 10 and the 2nd building unit 20 are equipped with watering equipment is illustrated, only one of the 1st building unit 10 and the 2nd building unit 20 is shown. May be equipped with watering equipment.

[Bearing wall]
Next, the structure of the load-bearing wall of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment will be described. 2 and 5, in the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, the load bearing walls 17 a and 27 a are partially disposed on the walls 17 and 27. Each bearing wall 17a and 27a forms a wall between two adjacent pillars 12. The positions of the bearing walls 17a and 27a are determined by structural calculations of the building and the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20.

  With reference to FIG.6 and FIG.7, the structure of the load-bearing wall 17a of the 1st building unit 10 is demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the first building unit 10 after completion of manufacture in the factory. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line VII-VII of the load-bearing wall 17a of the first building unit 10 of FIG. The bearing wall 17a is formed of the same member as the non-bearing wall 17b. The load bearing wall 17 a has a configuration in which, for example, a wall surface opposite to the inner side surface member 13 with respect to the wall panel 19 of FIG. 3 is covered with an outer side surface material 14, and is installed on the base 11.

  In the present embodiment, the load bearing wall 17 a is formed using the wall panel 19. Specifically, the wall panel 19 is built on the base 11 while inserting the connecting metal fitting 11 a of the base 11 into the engagement hole 12 a of the column 12. Further, the connecting metal 11 a is joined to the column 12 and fixed to the column 12. Further, in a portion corresponding to the bearing wall 17 a, the lower frame member 16 b of the wall panel 19 is fastened and fixed to the base 11 using a nail 80. As a result, the inner side surface material 13 and the intermediate pillar 15 fastened and fixed to the lower frame member 16b using the nail 80 are fixed to the base 11 via the lower frame member 16b. Further, the inner side surface member 13 and the lower frame member 16b are fixed to the column 12 by using nails. As shown in FIG. 7, when the floor material 101 is interposed between the wall panel 19 and the base 11, the floor material 101 is partially interposed. The floor material 101 may be made of a plate material such as plywood, and a floor material 102 for makeup may be laid on the floor material 101. Further, a filling material 103 for filling the gap is inserted outside the edge of the floor material 101 in the gap between the wall panel 19 and the base 11. The filling material 103 is wood. The nail 80 is driven into the base 11 through the lower frame member 16b and the padding material 103, and fixes the lower frame member 16b and the padding material 103 to the base 11, but does not fix the floor surface material 101 to the base 11. . Thereby, the floor material 101 is not fixed to the wall panel 19 but is relatively movable.

Thereafter, the outer face material 14 is attached to the wall panel 19 from the outside of the wall panel 19. Under the present circumstances, the heat insulation panel 18a may be arrange | positioned inside the outer surface material 14. FIG. In the portion corresponding to the bearing wall 17a, the outer face member 14 extends in the height direction from the vicinity of the center of the base 11 to a position below the upper frame member 16a of the wall panel 19, that is, below the upper end of the column 12. Installed. A gap G is formed between the upper frame member 16a and the upper end of the outer face member 14 to allow nailing of the upper frame member 16a with a human hand. The gap G is formed in the upper portion of the column 12 in the wall 17 and opens toward the outside of the wall panel 19, that is, the inner side surface material 13. The outer side surface member 14 is fastened and fixed to the base 11, the column 12, the intermediary column 15, and the lower frame member 16 b using nails 80. Thereby, the outer surface member 14 is fixed to the base 11 via the lower frame member 16b and the like. Construction of the load bearing wall 17a of the first building unit 10 at a place other than a construction site such as a factory is completed in a state where a gap G is formed on the outer upper portion of the load bearing wall 17a. The wall material 18 may be pasted on the inner side surface material 13 inside the bearing wall 17a. As will be described later, the wall material 18 may also be attached to the floor-side horizontal member 21 a placed on the upper frame member 16 a so as to be continuous with the wall material 18 on the inner side surface material 13. Thereby, the two wall materials 18 suppress the fire spread through the clearance gap between the upper frame material 16a and the floor side horizontal member 21a at the time of a fire. In addition, a ceiling panel 104 may be installed on the upper part inside the wall 17.
The bearing wall 17a may be directly assembled on the base 11 using the above-described components.

  As in the short side portion 10b of the first building unit 10 in FIG. 6, all of the outer face members 14 have an upper end located below the upper end of the pillar 12, and above the short side portion 10b. A gap G may be formed over substantially the entire width in the horizontal direction. For example, all the upper parts of the outer face material 14 on one side of the first building unit 10 may be cut out in a straight line. Moreover, like the long side part 10a of the 1st building unit 10, a part of outer side surface material 14 has an upper end located below the upper end of the pillar 12, and the horizontal direction of the long side part 10a is on the upper side. The gap G may be formed over a part of the width of the. For example, in the vicinity of the horizontal end of one side of the first building unit 10, the upper portion of the outer face member 14 may be cut out in an L shape, and the outer face member is an intermediate portion in the horizontal direction. The upper part of 14 may be notched in a U shape. Further, the opening Ga of the gap G may reach the upper end of the column 12 as shown in FIG. 6 or may not reach the upper end of the column 12. When the opening Ga does not reach the upper end of the column 12, the outer face material 14 exists above the opening Ga. That is, the outer face member 14 is not cut out at the entire upper portion, but is cut out at a part below the upper end of the outer face member 14. In this case, the upper end of the outer face member 14 may be the same height as the upper end of the column 12.

  The long side portions 10 a and 10 c and the short side portions 10 b and 10 d of the first building unit 10 may be formed of one outer face material 14 or a plurality of outer face materials 14. For example, as described above, when the upper portion of the outer face member 14 forms a shape cut out in an L shape or a U shape, the L shape or the U shape extends over the entire width in the horizontal direction. You may form by the outer surface material 14 which has the upper end located below the upper end of the pillar 12, and the outer surface material 14 which has the upper end located in the upper end of the pillar 12 over the whole width | variety. Alternatively, the L-shaped or U-shaped shape is one outer surface that has an upper end positioned below the upper end of the column 12 and an upper end positioned at the upper end of the column 12 and is cut out in an L shape. The outer surface material 14 may be formed by the material 14, and is formed by the outer surface material 14 cut out in an L shape and the outer surface material 14 having an upper end located below the upper end of the column 12 over the entire width. Also good. When the opening Ga of the gap G does not reach the upper end of the column 12, the opening Ga may be formed by a single outer face material 14 or a plurality of outer face materials 14.

  The gap G is closed at the building construction site. The first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 are transported to a construction site after completion of manufacturing in a factory or the like. Specifically, the first building unit 10 is installed at a predetermined location of the construction site, on the foundation 40, and the second building unit 20 is installed on the first building unit 10 after installation. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, the floor-side horizontal member 21 a of the second building unit 20 is placed on the column 12 and the upper frame member 16 a of the first building unit 10. The floor-side horizontal member 21a and the column 12 are joined together by a connecting bracket (not shown).

  After the connection between the second building unit 20 and the first building unit 10 and the fixing of each other, the upper frame member 16a of the wall 17 of the first building unit is fastened and fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a using the nail 80. Is done. Since the access to the upper frame member 16a is possible through the gap G, the fastening operation of the upper frame member 16a is easy. Next, an outer closing face material 14a (indicated by a broken line in FIG. 7) made of the same material as the outer face material 14 is placed over the gap G and fixed. Thereby, the outer closing face material 14a closes the gap G. In the present embodiment, the outer surface member 24 outside the wall 27 of the second building unit 20 has its lower end positioned near the center of the floor-side horizontal member 21a and extends upward from the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Exist. The outer closing face member 14 a that fills the gap G extends from the upper end of the outer face member 14 to the lower end of the outer face member 24. The outer closing face material 14 a is fastened and fixed to the pillars 12, the intermediate pillars 15, the upper frame member 16 a of the first building unit 10, and the floor side horizontal member 21 a of the second building unit 20 using the nails 80. As a result, the inner side surface material 13 and the stud 15 that are fastened and fixed to the upper frame member 16a using the nail 80 are fixed to the floor side horizontal member 21a via the upper frame member 16a.

  Therefore, the intermediate column 15, the upper frame member 16 a, the lower frame member 16 b, the inner side member 13, the outer side member 14, and the outer closed surface member 14 a that form the bearing wall 17 a between the columns 12 constitute a building structural material. It fixes to the pillar 12, the base 11, and the floor side horizontal member 21a. Further, the outer face material 14 and the outer closing face material 14 a cover the entire portion corresponding to the load-bearing wall 17 a of the wall panel 19. Therefore, the load bearing wall 17a can have the function of a load bearing wall.

  The assembly of the load-bearing wall 27a of the second building unit 20 is performed in the same manner as the load-bearing wall 17a of the first building unit 10. The bearing wall 27a is fixed in the vertical direction to the floor-side horizontal member 21a and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b constituting the horizontal structural material of the building, and to the pillar 22 constituting the vertical structural material of the building, Fixed laterally. For example, when the building unit 1 is stacked on the second building unit 20, the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is included in the building unit 1 to be stacked. Even when the building unit 1 is not stacked on the second building unit 20, the second building unit 20 is transported in a state where the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is removed in order to satisfy the height restriction during vehicle transportation. Is done. Therefore, the second building unit 20 also has an appearance similar to that of the first building unit 10 shown in FIG. 6 at a place other than a construction place such as a factory, and has a gap G above the bearing wall 27a.

[Non-bearing wall]
Next, the structure of the non-bearing wall of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment will be described. 2 and 5, in the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, the non-bearing walls 17b and 27b are partially arranged on the walls 17 and 27, that is, the bearing walls 17a and 27a. Formed between.
With reference to FIG. 8, the structure of the non-bearing wall 17b of the 1st building unit 10 is demonstrated. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line VIII-VIII of the non-bearing wall 17b of the first building unit 10 of FIG. The non-bearing wall 17 b has, for example, a configuration in which a wall surface opposite to the inner side surface material 13 with respect to the wall panel 19 of FIG. 3 is covered with an outer side surface material 14, and is installed on the base 11.

  In the present embodiment, the non-bearing wall 17 b is formed using the wall panel 19. Specifically, in the wall panel 19 built on the base 11 while engaging the pillar 12 and the connecting fitting 11a of the base 11, in a portion corresponding to the non-bearing wall 17b, the lower frame member 16b of the wall panel 19 is provided. However, it is not fixed to the base 11 by using a nail. As a result, the inner side surface material 13 and the stud 15 that are fastened and fixed to the lower frame member 16 b using the nail are not fixed to the base 11. Further, the inner side surface member 13 and the lower frame member 16b are fastened and fixed to the column 12 using nails. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, when the floor covering 101 is interposed between the wall panel 19 and the base 11, the floor covering 101 is partially interposed. A floor material 102 for makeup or the like may be laid on the floor material 101. In this case, the filling material 103 is inserted outside the edge of the floor surface material 101 in the gap between the wall panel 19 and the base 11. The lower frame member 16b of the wall panel 19 is not fastened and fixed to the floor surface material 101 and the filling material 103 using nails.

Thereafter, the outer face material 14 is attached to the wall panel 19 from the outside of the wall panel 19. Under the present circumstances, the heat insulation panel 18a may be arrange | positioned inside the outer surface material 14. FIG. In the portion corresponding to the non-bearing wall 17b, the outer face member 14 is installed from the vicinity of the center of the base 11 to the vicinity of the center of the upper frame member 16a in the height direction. Therefore, the outer face member 14 does not protrude from the upper frame member 16a. Thereby, a part of the upper frame member 16a, a part of the upper end of the inter-column 15 and a part of the upper end of the column 12 are exposed without being covered by the outer face member 14.
The outer side surface material 14 is fastened and fixed to the base 11, the column 12, the intermediary column 15, the upper frame material 16a, and the lower frame material 16b using nails. Thereby, the inner surface material 13, the outer surface material 14, the spacer 15, and the lower frame material 16 b are not fixed to the base 11. In addition, the wall material 18 may be affixed on the inner surface material 13 inside the non-bearing wall 17b. In addition, a ceiling panel 104 may be installed on the upper part inside the wall 17.
The non-bearing wall 17b may be directly assembled on the base 11 using the above-described components.

The installation of the face material on the exposed portion such as the upper frame member 16a is performed at the construction site of the building. That is, after the second building unit 20 is installed on the first building unit 10 at the construction site, the face material is installed.
After the connection between the second building unit 20 and the first building unit 10 and the fixing of each other, the outer side member 24 outside the wall 27 of the second building unit 20 has its lower end near the center of the floor-side horizontal member 21a. And is extended upward from the floor-side horizontal member 21a. An outer intermediate surface material 14b (indicated by a broken line in FIG. 8) made of the same material as the outer surface material 14 extends from the exposed portion on the side of the upper frame material 16a to the lower end of the outer surface material 24, and the upper frame material 16a and the floor. It is put on the side horizontal member 21a. As a result, the outer intermediate surface material 14b extends across the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 and is a floor-side horizontal member 21a that is a joint portion of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20. And extends along the boundaries of the upper frame member 16a, the inter-columns 15 and the columns 12, and covers the boundaries.

The outer intermediate surface material 14b is fastened and fixed to the pillars 12, the pillars 15 and the upper frame member 16a of the first building unit 10 and the floor-side horizontal member 21a of the second building unit 20 using nails. Thereby, the inner side surface material 13, the outer side surface material 14, the spacer 15 and the upper frame material 16a are not substantially fixed to the floor side horizontal material 21a.
Therefore, the intermediate column 15, the upper frame member 16 a, the lower frame member 16 b, the inner side surface member 13, and the outer side member 14 that form the non-bearing wall 17 b between the columns 12 are the base 11 and the floor side that constitute the building structural material It is not fixed to the horizontal member 21a. Therefore, the non-bearing wall 17b does not function effectively as a structural element of the building.

Moreover, since the upper end of the outer surface member 14 is positioned below the upper surface of the upper frame member 16a, an increase in the height of the first building unit 10 is suppressed. Furthermore, when placing the second building unit 20 on the first building unit 10, it is possible to prevent the outer surface material 14 from coming into contact with the floor side horizontal member 21 a of the second building unit 20 and being damaged.
In addition, the vertical boundary between the outer side member 14 and the outer intermediate member 14b is positioned on the upper frame member 16a, and the vertical boundary between the outer intermediate member 14b and the outer member 24 is the floor side horizontal member. Located on 21a. That is, the boundary between the outer face member 14, the outer intermediate face member 14 b, and the outer face member 24 does not communicate with the boundary between the upper frame member 16 a and the floor-side horizontal member 21 a and the spaces in the walls 17 and 27. . Therefore, the water that enters from the gaps between the outer face member 14, the outer intermediate face member 14b, and the outer face member 24 is the space in the walls 17 and 27, and between the upper frame member 16a and the floor-side horizontal member 21a. It is possible to suppress the intrusion between the inner members.

  The assembly of the non-bearing wall 27b of the second building unit 20 is performed in the same manner as the non-bearing wall 17b of the first building unit 10. The non-bearing wall 27b is not fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b constituting the horizontal structural material of the building. For example, when the building unit 1 is stacked on the second building unit 20, the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is included in the building unit 1 to be stacked. Even when the building unit 1 is not stacked on the second building unit 20, the second building unit 20 is transported in a state where the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is removed in order to satisfy the height restriction during vehicle transportation. Is done. The installation of the face material between the building units 1 is performed after the installation of the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is completed.

In the above-described example, in the non-bearing wall 17b of the first building unit 10 located on the lower side of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, the upper end of the outer face member 14 is higher than the upper surface of the upper frame member 16a. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The non-bearing wall 27b of the second building unit 20 may be configured such that the lower end of the outer face member 24 is positioned above the lower face of the lower frame member. Also in this case, the outer intermediate face member 14b is disposed between the upper end of the outer face member 14 of the non-bearing wall 17b and the lower end of the outer face member 24 of the non-bearing wall 27b.
Further, the structure using the outer intermediate surface material 14b employed for the non-bearing wall 17b described above may be applied to the bearing walls 17a and 27a.

[Building unit suspension]
As described above, in the building unit 1, the upper ends of the walls are not connected by a horizontal material having such strength as to constitute a structural material. For this reason, the building unit 1 is lifted via the suspension member attached to the lower part. With reference to FIGS. 9-14, the structure of the suspension member 50 of the building unit 1 is demonstrated.
Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, a suspension member 50 attached to the first building unit 10 is shown. Four suspension members 50 are arranged in the first building unit 10. Specifically, two suspension members 50 are disposed on the two long side portions 10a and 10c of the first building unit 10, respectively. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which the suspension member 50 is attached to the first building unit 10 of FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional side view of a vertical cross section passing through the vicinity of the center in the longitudinal direction of the first building unit 10 of FIG.

Each suspension member 50 is engaged with the base 11 of the first building unit 10 and the reinforcing member 60 attached to the upper ends of the walls 17 of the long side portions 10a and 10c. Each reinforcing member 60 is a belt-like member extending in a substantially horizontal direction along the longitudinal side portion 10a or 10c. Each reinforcing member 60 is made of straight wood, and is fastened and fixed to the pillar 12 in the wall 17 by a joint fitting such as a nail. The reinforcing member 60 as described above improves the rigidity against deformation such as bending of the upper portions of the walls 17 of the long side portions 10a and 10c. Note that the reinforcing member 60 may also be attached to the upper ends of the walls 17 of the short side portions 10b and 10d. The reinforcing member 60 surrounding the periphery of the wall 17 greatly improves the rigidity of the rectangular frame-shaped cross section formed by the wall 17.
Each suspension member 50 includes an engagement member 51 that engages with the base 11, a suspension member 53 that is attached to the reinforcing member 60 and that is hung with a sling such as a wire, and a shaft member that connects the engagement member 51 and the suspension member 53. 52. Further, the suspension member 50 includes a restraining member 54 that fastens the shaft member 52 to the reinforcing member 60 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction below the suspension fitting 53.

  Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, the engaging member 51 is made of a metal material having strength and rigidity such as iron and steel. The engaging member 51 includes a main body 51a having an outer shape formed by bending a rectangular flat plate into an L shape. FIG. 11 is an enlarged perspective view showing a lower part of the suspension member 50 of FIG. The main body 51 a includes a flat hook 51 a that is hung on the lower surface of the base 11, and a flat connection 51 ab that is connected to the shaft member 52. The hanging portion 51aa and the connecting portion 51ab are portions located on both sides of the bent portion of the L-shaped main body portion 51a, and extend substantially perpendicular to each other.

  The engaging member 51 includes a cylindrical part 51b having a through hole on the surface of the connection part 51ab of the main body part 51a. The cylindrical portion 51b is formed on the outer surface of the connecting portion 51ab that stands upright when the hanging portion 51aa of the main body portion 51a is hung on the lower surface of the base 11, and the axial direction of the through hole is made substantially vertical. It is fixed to 51ab, specifically, integrated. The outer surface of the connecting portion 51ab is an L-shaped outer surface and is a surface opposite to the base 11. A fastening hole (not shown) is formed in the connection portion 51ab so as to penetrate the connection portion 51ab. A joint fitting 51c such as a screw passing through the fastening hole fixes the connection portion 51ab to the base 11. At this time, the hanging portion 51aa is in contact with the lower surface of the base 11.

  In addition, a spacer member 51 d may be disposed between the connection portion 51 ab of the engagement member 51 and the base 11. The spacer member 51 d is arranged by separating the connecting portion 51 ab and the base 11, and the bent portion of the engaging member 51 and the connecting portion 51 ab are prevented from damaging the base 11. Furthermore, when the portion of the base 11 facing the connecting portion 51ab is not flat, the spacer member 51d fits into the irregularities on the base 11 on one surface, and the connecting portion 51ab contacts the other surface facing the one surface. Provide a possible flat surface.

  The shaft member 52 is made of a metal material having tensile strength and bending strength such as iron and steel. The shaft member 52 is a long rod-shaped member, and a male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 52. The lower end portion of the shaft member 52 is passed through the through hole of the cylindrical portion 51b of the engaging member 51, and two fastening members 52a disposed at both ends in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 51b are screwed into the shaft member 52. Is provided. The two fastening members 52a are fastened toward each other to fasten the cylindrical portion 51b, thereby fixing the shaft member 52 to the cylindrical portion 51b.

10 and 12, the restraining member 54 is a groove-like member having a U-shaped cross-sectional shape. The restraining member 54 has a linear groove 54 a and is attached to the reinforcing member 60 with the open side of the groove 54 a facing the reinforcing member 60. The restraining member 54 is made of, for example, wood, and is fastened and fixed to the reinforcing member 60 by a joint fitting such as a nail. The restraining member 54 is disposed on the reinforcing member 60 with the axial direction of the groove 54a being substantially vertical. Thereby, the groove 54 a of the restraining member 54 forms a hole extending in the substantially vertical direction together with the reinforcing member 60.
The upper portion of the shaft member 52 extending upward from the engagement member 51 protrudes upward through the groove 54 a of the restraining member 54, and is screwed into the female screw hole of the suspension fitting 53 to be connected to the suspension fitting 53.
Therefore, the hanging metal fitting 53 is connected to the engaging member 51 through the shaft member 52. Thereby, the pulling-up force acting on the hanging metal fitting 53 is transmitted to the engaging member 51 via the shaft member 52, and acts to lift the base 11 from below via the hanging portion 51aa.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the sling 70 is hung on the suspension fittings 53 of the four suspension members 50 and the first building unit 10 is lifted, each suspension fitting 53 has not only a vertical force but also a horizontal direction. Power acts. Specifically, a horizontal force inward of the four hanging brackets 53 acts on each hanging bracket 53 and each shaft member 52. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a state where the first building unit 10 of FIG. 9 is lifted.
However, each restraining member 54 restrains each shaft member 52 in the horizontal direction, and the movement of each shaft member 52 and each hanging bracket 53 in the horizontal direction is suppressed. Direction pulling force acts. Thereby, it is suppressed that each engaging member 51 is displaced in the horizontal direction. Therefore, each suspension member 50 is an engagement that maintains a stable contact surface between each engagement member 51 and the base 11, and suppresses the displacement of each suspension bracket 53 and each shaft member 52, while maintaining a stable first building. The unit 10 can be lifted.

  In addition, each suspension member 50 suspends the first building unit 10 by engaging each engagement member 51 with a base 11 that is a structural material under the first building unit 10 and has high strength. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the deformation | transformation of the 1st building unit 10 at the time of lifting is suppressed. Furthermore, it is desirable that the engaging member 51 and the restraining member 54 of each suspension member 50 are arranged in the vicinity of the pillar 12 of the first building unit 10. Thereby, since each suspension member 50 is a structural material of the first building unit 10 and extends along the pillar 12 having strength or the vicinity thereof, occurrence of deformation of the first building unit 10 at the time of lifting is suppressed. It is done.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 14, a plate-like cushioning material 41 is laid on the foundation 40 on which the first building unit 10 is installed. The buffer material 41 is, for example, a resin packing. The cushioning material 41 is disposed between the base 11 and the large pull of the first building unit 10 and the foundation 40, and relieves vibration, impact, etc. transmitted between them. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a foundation 40 on which the first building unit 10 of FIG. 9 is installed.

In the laid cushioning material 41, the cushioning material 41 is not disposed at a position corresponding to the position where the engaging member 51 of the suspension member 50 is disposed on the base 11, and a recess 41 a is provided between the cushioning materials 41. Is formed. Thereby, when the first building unit 10 suspended via the suspension member 50 is placed on the cushioning material 41, the engaging member 51 projecting downward from the base 11 has the first building unit 10 and the foundation 40. It is suppressed that it is pinched between. Thereby, the removal of the engaging member 51 from the base 11 becomes easy. And after removal of each engaging member 51, the buffer material 41 can be inserted in the recessed part 41a.
In addition, the anchor bolt 40a which protrudes from the upper surface of the foundation 40 is inserted in the hole of the base 11 of the first building unit 10, or the hole of the column base 11b, and is fixed to the base 11 or the column base 11b. Thereby, positioning of the 1st building unit 10 with respect to the foundation 40 becomes easy.

  Referring to FIG. 15, when the engaging member 51 of the hanging member 50 is applied to the second building unit 20, it is hung on the floor side horizontal member 21 a. A flat rectangular parallelepiped recess 21aa having a shape and a dimension into which the hook 51aa of the main body 51a of the engagement member 51 can be inserted is formed in the lower part of the floor-side horizontal member 21a. The concave portion 21aa has a depth in the vertical direction that is greater than the thickness in the vertical direction of the hook portion 51aa inserted in the concave portion 21aa. For this reason, the hanging portion 51aa that is inserted into the recess 21aa and engages with the floor-side horizontal member 21a does not protrude below the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Therefore, when the second building unit 20 is stacked on the first building unit 10, the hook 51 aa of the engaging member 51 is prevented from being sandwiched between the second building unit 20 and the first building unit 10. It is done. Therefore, the removal of the engaging member 51 from the floor side horizontal member 21a is facilitated.

  Also in the second building unit 20, each suspension member 50 engages each engaging member 51 with a floor-side horizontal member 21 a that is a lower structural material and has high strength, so that the second building unit 20. Lift up. Furthermore, it is desirable that the engaging member 51 and the restraining member 54 of each suspension member 50 are disposed in the vicinity of the pillar 22 of the second building unit 20. By these, generation | occurrence | production of the deformation | transformation of the 2nd building unit 20 at the time of lifting is suppressed.

[Modification of bearing wall]
Moreover, the deformation | transformation example demonstrated below is mentioned to the bearing wall of the building unit 1 which concerns on embodiment. Referring to FIG. 16, when the first building unit 10 is manufactured in a place other than a construction place such as a factory, the load-bearing wall 217 a according to the modified example is between the upper frame member 16 a and the outer face member 14. It differs from the load bearing wall 17a according to the embodiment in that the gap G that enables nailing is not formed. Specifically, in the bearing wall 217a, the outer face member 14 has a height from the base 11 to the upper frame member 16a of the wall 17 or the vicinity thereof. Below, in the bearing wall 217a which concerns on a modification, it demonstrates centering on a different point from the bearing wall 17a which concerns on embodiment. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional side view showing a modification of the load bearing wall 17a of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment in the same manner as FIG.

  At the time of manufacturing the first building unit 10, the inner side surface material 13 is fastened and fixed to the upper frame material 16 a and the lower frame material 16 b using nails 80. The lower frame member 16b is fastened and fixed to the base 11 using nails 80. As shown by a broken line in FIG. 16, the outer side surface member 14 is arranged so as to extend from the base 11 to the upper frame member 16a, and is temporarily fixed to the base 11 and the upper frame member 16a using nails. That is, it is temporarily fixed. Alternatively, the outer face material 14 may be temporarily fixed to the pillars 12, the intermediate pillars 15, or the lower frame member 16b. At this time, the outer face member 14 closes the space between the upper frame member 16a and the lower frame member 16b. And the outer side surface material 14 does not protrude above the upper frame material 16a. In addition, the outer side surface material 14 may be arrange | positioned with a clearance gap between the upper frame materials 16a.

When the inner side face member 13 and the outer side face member 14 are fastened as a permanent wall member, they are nailed at a roughly determined pitch. On the other hand, when the inner side surface material 13 and the outer side surface material 14 are temporarily fixed, for example, the inner side surface material 13 and the outer side surface material 14 are nailed at a pitch greatly thinned out from the above-described pitch such as only four corners. Further, the nail is driven into the main wall member until the head of the nail is filled, but in the case of temporary fixing, the head of the nail may be protruded even after driving.
As described above, the production of the first building unit 10 is completed in a state where the outer side surface material 14 outside the bearing wall 217a is temporarily fixed, and the first building unit 10 after the production is completed is transported to the construction site and installed. . Thereby, the outer surface material 14 which is not permanently installed is transported together with the first building unit 10.

  After the stacking of the second building unit 20 on the first building unit 10 is completed, the temporarily attached outer side member 14 is temporarily removed. Thereafter, the upper frame member 16 a of the wall 17 of the first building unit is fastened and fixed to the floor side horizontal member 21 a using the nail 80. After the completion of the fastening of the upper frame member 16a, the outer side surface member 14 is arranged so as to extend from the base 11 to the floor side horizontal member 21a, as shown by a solid line in FIG. Further, the outer side surface material 14 uses the nails 80 as the permanent wall members, the pillars 12, the intermediary pillars 15, the upper frame material 16a, the lower frame material 16b, the base 11, and the second building of the first building unit 10. The unit 20 is fastened and fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a, that is, is permanently fixed.

  Therefore, the intermediate column 15, the upper frame member 16 a, the lower frame member 16 b, the inner side surface member 13, and the outer side surface member 14 that form the bearing wall 217 a between the columns 12 are composed of the column 12, the base 11, and the structural material of the building. It is fixed to the floor side horizontal member 21a. Further, the outer face member 14 covers the entire portion corresponding to the load-bearing wall 217 a of the wall panel 19. Therefore, the bearing wall 217a can have a function as a bearing wall.

[Effects, etc.]
As described above, the building unit 1 according to the embodiment is assembled in advance at a place other than the construction site of the building and constitutes a part of the building. The building unit 1 includes a base 11 as a lower horizontal member, a plurality of columns 12 extending upward from the base 11, and a wall 17 formed between the plurality of columns 12. The wall 17 includes an inner surface member 13 as an inner panel that forms an inner wall surface, an intermediate column 15, an upper frame member 16a and a lower frame member 16b, and an outer member 14 as an outer panel that forms an outer wall surface. At least a part of the outer face member 14 is open to the outside of the wall 17 and on the upper part of the column 12 inside the wall 17 outside the upper part of the at least part of the outer face member 14 and inside the inner face member 13. A gap G, which is an upper space that enables the work of fixing the upper frame member 16a to the floor side horizontal member 21a as the upper horizontal member to be arranged, is formed.

For example, at least a part of the outer face member 14 has an upper end located below the upper end of the column 12, and the gap G can be formed above the upper end of at least a part of the outer face member 14.
In addition, for example, the inner panel is disposed inside the intermediate pillar 15, the upper frame member 16 a and the lower frame member 16 b as the core material, and inside the intermediate pillar 15, the upper frame member 16 a and the lower frame member 16 b and forms an inner wall surface. The side member 13 may be included. The outer side surface material 14 as an outer panel is arrange | positioned on the outer side of the stud 15, the upper frame material 16a, and the lower frame material 16b. The upper frame member 16a is fixed to the floor side horizontal member 21a.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the building unit 1 which concerns on embodiment as another aspect is a manufacturing method of the building unit 1 assembled previously except the construction place of a building, and comprising a part of building. This method assembles the inner side surface material 13 as the inner wall portion of the wall 17 of the building unit 1, the intermediate pillar 15, the upper frame material 16 a and the lower frame material 16 b at a place other than the construction site of the building, and the lower frame material 16 b is assembled into the building unit 1. The outside face material 14 as the outer wall portion of the wall 17 of the building unit 1 is partially assembled outside the building construction site and the process of fixing to the base 11 as the lower structural material of the building. A step of forming a gap G that opens to the outside, a step of placing a floor-side horizontal member 21a as an upper structural material on the wall 17 at the building construction site, and a floor-side horizontal mounting at the building construction site A step of fixing the upper frame member 16a to the member 21a, thereby forming the wall 17 as a load bearing wall, and a step of closing the opening Ga of the gap G with the outer closing face member 14a as the outer wall at the building construction site Including.

  In the above-described configuration and method, when the bearing wall is formed on the wall 17, it is necessary to fix the upper frame member 16a to the floor-side horizontal member 21a using a nail or the like. Since there is the gap G, the fixing work can be performed without changing the removed outer face member 14 such as removal. Thereby, even if a gypsum board, wallpaper, or the like as a wall material has already been constructed on the inner side surface material 13 of the wall 17, the influence of the fixing work on these can be suppressed to a low level. Furthermore, if a plasterboard, wallpaper, or the like has already been applied to the inner surface material 13, the fixing operation from the inner surface material 13 side, that is, from the inside of the building unit 1 is difficult. Therefore, it becomes possible to smoothly perform connection with another element in the upper part of the building unit 1.

  In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the intermediate column 15 and the lower frame member 16b as the inner panel are fixed to the base 11 with at least a part of the outer face member 14 forming the gap G. . In the above-described configuration, when a load bearing wall is formed on the wall 17, by performing necessary work except for fixing the upper frame member 16 a to the floor-side horizontal member 21 a when the building unit 1 is assembled, For example, it is possible to quickly connect the upper part of the building unit 1 at a building construction site.

  In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the wall 17 includes an outer face member 14 as a first outer panel and an outer closing face member 14a as a second outer panel that closes the gap G from the outside. The outer side surface material 14 and the outer closing surface material 14a cover the inner side surface material 13, the intermediate column 15, the upper frame material 16a, and the lower frame material 16b from the base 11 to the floor side horizontal material 21a disposed on the top of the column 12. . In the above-described configuration, the outer face member 14 and the outer closing face member 14a covering the entire wall 17 from the base 11 to the floor side horizontal member 21a are fixed to the base 11, the pillar 12 and the floor side horizontal member 21a which are structural materials. By doing so, it can function as a load bearing wall.

  In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the inner panel formed by the inner side surface member 13, the intermediate column 15, the upper frame member 16 a and the lower frame member 16 b and the outer panel formed by the outer side member 14 are fixed to the column 12. . In the above-described configuration, the wall 17 forms a bearing wall by fixing the inner panel and the outer panel to the pillar 12 in addition to the floor-side horizontal member 21a and the base 11.

  Building unit 1 concerning an embodiment as another mode constitutes a part of a building in the state where it was assembled beforehand and accumulated other than the construction place of a building. The building unit 1 includes a first building unit 10, a second building unit 20 stacked on the first building unit 10, and a second building unit 20 and a first building unit stacked on the first building unit 10. 10 and an outer intermediate surface material 14b as an intermediate plate material extending across the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20.

  In the above-described configuration, the gap that may exist at the joint between the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is covered by the outer intermediate surface material 14b, and thus the airtightness of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 Will improve. Thereby, since the operation | work for closing the said clearance gap becomes unnecessary, it becomes possible to implement smoothly the connection with another element in the upper part of the 1st building unit 10. FIG. Furthermore, the outer face material 14 is not attached to a portion of the first building unit 10 where the outer intermediate face material 14b is installed. For this reason, since the upper end of the outer face member 14 is positioned below the upper end of the first building unit 10, damage that the outer face member 14 can receive during installation of the second building unit 20 is reduced.

  In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, at the joint portion between the second building unit 20 and the first building unit 10, the upper end of the outer face member 14 as the outer wall member of the wall 17 of the first building unit 10, The lower end of the outer face member 24 as the outer wall member of the wall 27 of the two building unit 20 is positioned with a gap in the vertical direction. The gap extends along the joint between the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, and the outer intermediate surface material 14b as an intermediate plate is disposed in the gap. In the above-described configuration, by installing the outer intermediate surface material 14b so as to fill the gap, the joint portion of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is covered, and these outer wall surfaces are continuously smooth. Faceting can be achieved.

  In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the lower end of the outer surface member 24 as the outer wall member of the wall 27 of the second building unit 20 is on the floor-side horizontal member 21 a disposed at the bottom of the second building unit 20. Located in. In the above-described configuration, the boundary between the lower end of the outer face member 24 and the outer intermediate face member 14b is located on the floor side horizontal member 21a. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a gap that may exist at the boundary from communicating with the inside of the building unit 1. Therefore, the airtightness of the building unit 1 is improved.

  In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the boundary between the lower end of the outer surface member 24 as the outer wall member of the second building unit 20 and the outer intermediate member 14b as the intermediate plate member is the outer surface of the second building unit 20. The material 24 and the outer intermediate surface material 14b are located on the inner side and deviate from the boundary between the adjacent members. Furthermore, the upper end and the boundary of the outer intermediate member 14b and the outer member 14 as the outer wall member of the first building unit 10 are adjacent to the outer intermediate member 14b and the outer member 14 of the first building unit 10 on the inside. It is shifted from the boundary between members. In the above-described configuration, a gap that may exist at the boundary between the outer face member 14, the outer intermediate face member 14 b, and the outer face member 24 is prevented from communicating with the inside of the building unit 1.

  The building unit 1 according to the embodiment as another aspect is assembled in advance at a place other than the construction site of the building and constitutes a part of the building. The building unit 1 includes a base 11 as a lower horizontal member, a plurality of columns 12 extending upward from the base 11, and a wall 17 formed between the plurality of columns 12. The wall 17 includes an inner surface member 13 as an inner panel that forms an inner wall surface, an intermediate column 15, an upper frame member 16a and a lower frame member 16b, and an outer member 14 as an outer panel that forms an outer wall surface. The outer surface material 14 is temporarily fixed so as to be detachable. For example, the wall 17 is configured to be fixed to the base 11 and the floor-side horizontal member 21a as the upper horizontal member.

  In the above-described configuration, when forming a bearing wall on the wall 17, when fixing the upper frame member 16a to the floor-side horizontal member 21a, the outer face member 14 is removed, and after the fixing, the outer face member 14 is The book is installed and fixed. This facilitates the fixing work. Moreover, the outer side member 14 temporarily fixed can be easily removed, and has little influence on the gypsum board, wallpaper, and the like applied to the inner side member 13 at the time of removal. Therefore, it becomes possible to smoothly perform connection with another element in the upper part of the building unit 1.

  In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the temporarily fixed outer face member 14 is positioned lower than the height position of the floor-side horizontal member 21 a disposed on the upper part of the column 12. In the above-described configuration, the influence of the temporarily fixed outer face member 14 on the connection work of the floor-side horizontal member 21a to the first building unit 10 is suppressed. Furthermore, the building unit 1 assembled outside the construction site of the building is transported to the construction site by a transport vehicle such as a truck. At this time, the building unit 1 on the transport vehicle has a height restriction in the Road Traffic Law. It is necessary to satisfy. The outer side surface material 14 temporarily fixed at a position lower than the height position of the floor-side horizontal member 21a can suppress the height of the building unit 1 and can cope with the height restriction of the road traffic law. To do. And in a construction place, the outer side surface material 14 is arrange | positioned higher than the height position of the floor side horizontal member 21a which overlaps with the floor side horizontal member 21a, for example, the base 11 and the floor side horizontal member 21a. The bearing wall can be formed.

  In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the fixed outer surface member 14 extends from the floor-side horizontal member 21 a installed on the top of the pillar 12 over the base 11. In the above-described configuration, the outer face member 14 can be configured to cover the entire wall 17 without adding a new face member when temporary fixation is released and permanent fixation, that is, permanent installation.

The manufacturing method of the building unit 1 which concerns on embodiment as another aspect is a manufacturing method of the building unit 1 assembled previously except the construction place of a building, and comprising a part of building. This method includes the steps of assembling the inner side surface material 13 as the inner wall portion of the wall 17 of the building unit 1, the intermediate pillars 15, the upper frame material 16 a and the lower frame material 16 b, and other than the building construction site. A step of assembling and temporarily fixing the outer face member 14 as the outer wall portion of the wall 17 of the building unit 1; and a step of disposing a floor-side horizontal member 21a as a structural member on the wall 17 at a building construction site; , Including the step of removing the temporarily fixed outer face member 14 at the construction site of the building and moving it upward so as to overlap with the floor-side horizontal member 21a.
Further, when the temporarily fixed outer face member 14 is removed, the upper frame member 16a is fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a.

  In the above-described method, the outer face member 14 is temporarily fixed at a position lower than a predetermined height position in the case of permanent fixation, that is, permanent installation. As a result, the height of the building unit 1 from the completion of assembly to the arrival at the construction site can be kept low. In addition, after the building unit 1 is installed at the construction site, the work of forming the bearing wall on the wall 17 can be easily performed when the temporary fixing of the outer face member 14 is released.

  The construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment in another aspect is a method of suspending the building unit 1 that is pre-assembled at a place other than the construction site of the building using the suspension member 50. In this construction method of the building unit 1, the engaging member 51 as the engaging portion of the suspension member 50 is engaged with the base 11 or the floor side horizontal member 21 a as the horizontal member at the lower part of the building unit 1. The suspension member 53 that the suspension member 50 has is lifted.

  In the above-described method, the suspension member 50 is engaged with the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a below the building unit 1 to lift the building unit 1. Since a lifting force acts on the building unit 1 from below, the load on the building unit 1 that deforms the building unit 1 can be kept low. Therefore, even if the interior and the like have already been constructed inside the building unit 1, the effect of these can be reduced. Therefore, the building unit 1 can be installed and stacked smoothly at the construction site.

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the shaft member 52 as the frame portion that the suspension member 50 has and is connected to the engagement member 51 and the suspension fitting 53 is moved up and down from the lower portion to the upper portion of the building unit 1. It extends in the direction and is fixed to the upper part of the building unit 1 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. In the above-described method, the posture of the shaft member 52 extending in the vertical direction is maintained. Thereby, when tension | tensile_strength acts on the shaft member 52 with lifting, it is restrict | limited that the upper part of the shaft member 52 moves to a side. For example, when the upper part of the shaft member 52 moves so as to be displaced laterally, there is a possibility that the building unit 1 may be interfered and damaged. In addition, the direction of the force acting on the building unit 1 from the engaging member 51 can be controlled in the vertical direction. As a result, the building unit 1 can be lifted stably.

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the reinforcing member 60 is attached to a portion of the building unit 1 where the shaft member 52 is fixed. In the above-described method, when tension is applied to the shaft member 52 as it is lifted, the upper portion of the shaft member 52 may press the building unit 1. The reinforcing member 60 suppresses deformation of the building unit 1 due to the pressing force of the building unit 1.

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the engaging member 51 is engaged with the lower portion of the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a, and on the side of the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Fix it. In the above-described method, the engagement member 51 is suppressed from moving with respect to the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Stable engagement between the engagement member 51 and the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a is achieved.

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, a recess 21aa into which the engaging member 51 is fitted is formed in the lower part of the floor-side horizontal member 21a of the building unit 1 stacked on the other building unit 1. In the above-described method, even when the building unit 1 is installed on a flat installation surface, the engagement member 51 after installation is suppressed from being sandwiched between the building unit 1 and the installation surface, and the engagement member 51 can be easily removed.

  In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the engaging member 51 is hung on the lower part of the base 11 of the building unit 1 installed on the foundation 40, and the area corresponding to the engaging member 51 is on the foundation 40. The cushioning material 41 is laid, and the building unit 1 is installed on the foundation 40 and the engaging member 51 is removed. Then, the cushioning material 41 is installed in the region. In the above-described method, after the building unit 1 is installed, the engagement member 51 is suppressed from being sandwiched between the building unit 1 and the cushioning material 41, and the removal thereof becomes easy.

  The suspension member 50 of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment in another aspect is a suspension member for suspending the building unit 1 assembled in advance outside the construction site of the building. The suspension member 50 includes an engagement member 51 that engages with the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a at the lower part of the building unit 1, a suspension fitting 53 that is positioned above the engagement member 51, and an engagement member 51. A shaft member 52 as a frame member for connecting the suspension member 53 to the suspension bracket 53 and a restraining member 54 attached to the upper portion of the building unit 1 and restraining the upper portion of the shaft member 52 in the horizontal direction. Even in the above-described configuration, when tension is applied to the shaft member 52 as it is lifted, interference between the shaft member 52 and the building unit 1 is suppressed, and the direction of the force acting on the building unit 1 from the engaging member 51 is set to the vertical direction. It becomes possible to control.

  In the suspension member 50 of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the suspension fitting 53 and the shaft member 52 are detachably connected via screw connection, and the shaft member 52 and the engagement member 51 are connected via screw connection. And are detachably connected. In the above-described configuration, the suspension member 50 can be easily attached to and removed from the building unit 1.

  In the suspension member 50 of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the engaging member 51 includes the hanging portion 51aa that is hung from below on the base 11 or the floor side horizontal member 21a, and the side of the base 11 or the floor side horizontal member 21a. And a connecting portion 51ab as a fixing portion fastened to the portion. In the above-described configuration, the engagement member 51 and the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a can be stably engaged, and the building unit 1 can be stably lifted.

[Others]
While the present invention has been described based on the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
In the embodiment, an example in which two building units 1 are provided has been described. However, only one building unit 1 or three or more building units 1 may be provided.
In the embodiment, the example in which the two building units 1 respectively configure the first floor and the second floor of the building is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. The building unit 1 may constitute an upper floor of three or more floors, or may constitute a basement such as the first basement floor.

In the embodiment, an example in which one or more building units 1 are formed by a wooden frame construction method has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a wooden frame wall construction method such as a 2 × 4 construction method or another construction method such as a steel frame construction may be used for the building unit 1. Therefore, the pillar material of the building unit 1 is not limited to wood, but may be a steel frame material. Further, the pillar material of the building unit 1 may be a part of the frame of the building unit 1.
In the embodiment, the outer wall is not constructed on the side surface of the building unit 1, but is not limited to this. When the side surface of the building unit 1 is an outer wall of the building, an outer wall such as a plate wall, a painted wall, or a tension wall may be applied. The construction of the outer wall may be performed in advance at the factory or may be performed at the construction site.

  In addition, the embodiment can be realized by arbitrarily combining the components and functions in each embodiment without departing from the scope of the present invention, or a form obtained by subjecting each embodiment to various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art. Forms are also included in the present invention.

1 Building unit 10 First building unit 11 Base (lower horizontal member)
12, 22 Pillar 13, 23 Inner side material (inner panel, inner wall)
14, 24 Outer side material (outer panel, outer wall)
15,25 stud (inner panel, inner wall)
16a Upper frame material (inner panel, inner wall)
16b Lower frame material (inner panel, inner wall)
17, 27 Wall 20 Second building unit 21a Floor-side horizontal member (upper horizontal member, structural member)

Claims (6)

A building unit that is pre-assembled at a place other than the construction site of the building and constitutes a part of the building,
A lower horizontal member,
A plurality of columns extending upward from the lower lateral member;
A wall formed between the plurality of pillars, including an inner panel forming an inner wall surface and an outer panel forming an outer wall surface;
The outer panel is a building unit that is detachably temporarily fixed. The building unit according to claim 1, wherein the temporarily fixed outer panel is positioned lower than a height position of an upper horizontal member disposed on an upper portion of the pillar. The building unit according to claim 1, wherein the fixed outer panel extends from an upper horizontal member installed at an upper portion of the pillar to the lower horizontal member. The building unit according to claim 2, wherein the wall is configured to be fixed to the lower horizontal member and the upper horizontal member. A method of manufacturing a building unit that is pre-assembled at a place other than a building construction location and forms a part of the building,
Assembling an inner wall portion of the wall of the building unit at a place other than the construction site of the building;
Assembling and temporarily fixing the outer wall portion of the wall of the building unit at a place other than the construction site of the building;
Placing a structural material on the wall at a construction site of the building;
A method of manufacturing a building unit, comprising: removing the temporarily fixed outer wall portion at a construction site of the building, and moving the upper wall so as to overlap with the structural material and fixing the outer wall portion. The method for manufacturing a building unit according to claim 5, wherein the inner wall portion is fixed to the structural member when the temporarily fixed outer wall portion is removed.

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