JP6715480B2 - Building unit and method of manufacturing building unit - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a building unit forming a part of a building and a method for manufacturing the building unit.

Generally, all construction of a building such as a house is carried out at the construction site of the building. For example, in the case of a wooden house, at the construction site, after constructing the concrete foundation, columns, beams, and other frameworks, floors, walls, etc. that make up the framework of the house are constructed on the concrete foundation, and then the water supply Construction work of housing equipment such as equipment and electric equipment is carried out. The housing equipment installed at the construction site may have variations in construction accuracy, which may further prolong the construction period. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technique of factory-manufacturing an equipment unit including a bathroom, a toilet, a washroom, a kitchen, and the like, and installing the equipment unit at a construction site. The equipment units are split up and transported to the construction site, installed at the construction site and joined together. At the construction site, with the equipment unit as the core, other entrances, living rooms, etc. are constructed on-site by conventional construction methods.

JP-A-2-232445

A building unit, such as an equipment unit that forms part of a building such as a house, is installed at the construction site and then subjected to a roof construction, or if the building has two or more stories, May receive stacking of building units. And the upper part of a building unit is connected with the structural material of a roof, or the stacked building unit.

Therefore, the present invention provides a building unit and a method for manufacturing the building unit that facilitates connection with another element in the upper portion.

In order to achieve the above object, a building unit according to an aspect of the present invention is a building unit that is preassembled at a place other than the building construction site and constitutes a part of the building, and a lower horizontal member, A wall having a plurality of columns extending upward from the lower horizontal member, a wall formed between the plurality of columns, the wall having an inner panel forming an inner wall surface and an outer panel forming an outer wall surface; At least a portion of the outer panel is located above the at least a portion of the outer panel and inside the wall outside the inner panel, the outer panel being open toward the outside of the wall and disposed at the top of the pillar. An upper space is formed on the upper horizontal member that enables the operation of fixing the inner panel.

A method of manufacturing a building unit according to one aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a building unit that is preassembled at a place other than the building construction site and that forms a part of the building, and is not at the building construction site. Assembling the inner wall portion of the wall of the building unit, fixing the inner wall portion to the lower structural material of the building unit, and partially assembling the outer wall portion of the wall of the building unit except at the construction site of the building A step of forming an upper space that opens laterally outward in an upper portion of the wall, a step of disposing an upper structural material on the wall at a construction site of the building, and a construction site of the building at the upper side. The method includes the steps of fixing the inner wall portion to a structural material, thereby forming the wall as a bearing wall, and closing the opening of the upper space with an outer wall portion at the construction site of the building.

According to the building unit or the like according to the present invention, the connection with another element at the upper portion can be facilitated.

It is a perspective view which shows typically the external appearance of the building unit which concerns on embodiment. It is sectional drawing which looked at the cross section which cut|disconnects the 1st building unit of FIG. 1 in the horizontal direction in the direction II which goes below. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the wall panel which comprises the wall of the 1st building unit of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state in which the wall panel of FIG. 4 is installed in a base. It is sectional drawing which looked at the cross section which cut|disconnects the 2nd building unit of FIG. 1 in the horizontal direction in the direction V which goes below. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the 1st building unit after the completion of manufacture in a factory. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line VII-VII of the load bearing wall of the first building unit of FIG. 2. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional side view taken along line VIII-VIII of the non-bearing wall of the first building unit of FIG. 2. It is a perspective view which shows the state by which the suspension member was attached to the 1st building unit of FIG. It is the cross-sectional side view which looked at the perpendicular cross section which passes the central vicinity of the longitudinal direction of the first building unit of FIG. 9 from the direction X. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the lower part of the suspension member of FIG. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the upper part of the suspension member of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state in which the 1st building unit of FIG. 9 is lifted. It is a perspective view which shows the foundation by which the 1st building unit of FIG. 9 is installed. It is a perspective view which shows the lower part of a suspension member when the suspension member of FIG. 10 is attached to a 2nd building unit. It is a cross-sectional side view which shows the modification of the load bearing wall of the building unit which concerns on embodiment similarly to FIG.

Hereinafter, a building unit according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that each of the embodiments described below shows a preferred specific example of the present invention. Therefore, the numerical values, shapes, materials, components, arrangements and connection forms of components, steps (processes), order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. .. Therefore, among the constituent elements in the following embodiments, the constituent elements that are not described in the independent claims showing the highest concept of the present invention are described as arbitrary constituent elements.

In addition, each drawing is a schematic diagram and is not necessarily strictly illustrated. Further, in each drawing, the same reference numerals are given to the same constituent members. Further, in the following embodiments, expressions with “substantial” such as approximately the same or approximately square may be used. For example, substantially the same means not only being completely the same, but also being substantially the same, that is, including a difference of, for example, several%. The same applies to other expressions using "abbreviation".

[Embodiment]
[Building unit]
The outline of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an appearance of a building unit 1 according to an embodiment. The building unit 1 constitutes a part of a building. When a building is built using the building unit 1, other structures such as a front door and a living room are built around the building unit 1 with the building unit 1 installed at a construction site as a core. For example, based on the building unit 1, columns, beams, outer walls, inner walls, ceilings, etc. of the building are constructed. Such a building unit 1 is also called a core unit that serves as a core when building a building. In the present embodiment, the building to which the building unit 1 is applied is a wooden house, but it may be a non-wooden house in which only a part is made of wood, or a wooden house such as a store, factory or warehouse, or a non-house other than a wooden house Good. Although the building has two floors in the present embodiment, it may have three or more floors, and may have a basement, and if it has a basement, it may have one floor.

The building unit 1 according to the present embodiment is a core unit that collectively includes many of the water supply facilities necessary for a house, electric facilities, and the like. By consolidating most of the water supply facilities in the building unit 1, it is possible to secure a wide living space even in a small house.

In the present embodiment, the building unit 1 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape. At least one side surface of the building unit 1 may form the outer wall of the building. In a building, one or more building units 1 are arranged one on top of the other. The plurality of building units 1 constitutes, for example, a part of a house having two or more stories. In this case, the plurality of building units 1 may be stacked on each other and connected to each other to form a plurality of floors. In this Embodiment, the some building unit 1 is the 1st building unit 10 and the 2nd building unit 20 which comprise a part of two-story house. Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is formed by a wooden frame construction method. Specifically, each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 includes a frame formed by a plurality of pillars, horizontal members such as beams, face members, and the like.

Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 constitutes one of a plurality of floors, and the second building unit 20 constitutes a floor immediately above the first building unit 10. In the present embodiment, the first building unit 10 constitutes the first floor of the building, and the second building unit 20 constitutes the second floor of the building. The first building unit 10 is arranged on the foundation 40 and fixed to the foundation 40. For example, the foundation 40 is integrated with the foundation of the building and is constructed with the foundation of the building. The foundation 40 may be, for example, a reinforced concrete cloth foundation or a solid foundation, and has anchor bolts (not shown) embedded in the foundation 40 and projecting upward from the upper surface of the foundation 40. The anchor bolt is fastened to a column base metal fitting provided at the bottom of the column portion of the first building unit 10, thereby fixing the first building unit 10 to the foundation 40.

The plurality of building units 1 are preassembled at a place other than the building construction site such as a factory. That is, the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 are industrialized units in which various equipments are incorporated in advance in a factory or the like. The factory production of the building unit 1 makes it possible to manufacture the building unit 1 with high quality and high functionality, and further, shorten the construction period at the construction site.
Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 assembled in the factory, that is, manufactured in the factory, is transported to a construction site by a transportation vehicle such as a truck. The transported first building unit 10 and second building unit 20 are stacked and installed at a construction site, and are connected and fixed to each other.

Both the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 as described above have substantially the same rectangular parallelepiped outer shape and size. Each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 may be designed to have a height that does not exceed the height limit of the Road Traffic Act when placed on the bed of a transportation vehicle such as a truck. The size of each of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is, for example, a plane size of about 3745 mm×1925 mm and a height of about 2700 mm.

[Composition of the first building unit and the second building unit]
Specific configurations of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 will be described. Referring to FIG. 1, a first building unit 10 that constitutes the first floor of a building and a second building unit 20 that constitutes the second floor of the building are each, for example, a building structure as a framework structure by a wooden framework construction method. Equipped with. The building structure includes a frame assembly made of building materials such as horizontal materials such as beams and foundations and pillars, and a floor assembly made of building materials such as hauling. The horizontal member constitutes a base or the like of the first building unit 10 and a beam or the like of the second building unit 20. The building structure is preassembled at a place other than the construction site such as a factory.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the building structure of the first building unit 10 includes a base 11 having a rectangular frame shape, a plurality of pillars 12 built on the base 11, inner surface members 13 spanning between the pillars 12, and On the outer side surface material 14, a plurality of studs 15 disposed between the pillars 12, a plurality of unillustrated large pulls laid on the base 11, a not-shown floor surface material laid on the large draw, and an upper portion of the pillar 12. It is formed by a ceiling panel or the like (not shown) that is installed. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first building unit 10 of FIG. 1 cut in the horizontal direction as seen in the downward direction II, and shows a schematic plan view of the inside of the first building unit 10. It is also a figure. The pillars 12 and the studs 15 extend in the vertical direction, and the base 11 and the large pulls extend in a substantially horizontal direction.

On the bottom of the column 12, a column base fitting for connecting the column 12, the base 11 and the large pull to each other is attached. In addition, in this Embodiment, the 1st building unit 10 is not equipped with the beam by the side of a ceiling, specifically, the girder and the second floor beam. Then, when the second building unit 20 is installed on the first building unit 10, on the upper part of the plurality of pillars 12 of the first building unit 10, the girders arranged on the floor side of the second building unit 20 and The floor-side horizontal member 21a that constitutes the second-floor floor beam is connected also as a beam or the like on the ceiling side of the first building unit 10. In the present embodiment, the building material such as the base 11, the pillars 12, the inner side surface material 13, the outer side surface material 14, the studs 15, and the unillustrated large pulling is wood. Further, the inner side surface material 13 and the outer side surface material 14 are made of plate materials such as plywood.

The columns 12, the inner side members 13, the outer side members 14, and the studs 15 form the wall 17 of the first building unit 10. The inner side member 13 and the outer side member 14 form an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface of the wall 17. A wall material (not shown) such as a gypsum board may be installed on the inner surface material 13 arranged inside the wall 17. Further, wallpaper may be applied on the wall material. The outer side surface member 14 is arranged outside the wall 17. The columns 12, the inner side members 13, the outer side members 14, and the studs 15 may be individually assembled to the base 11, or may be assembled as a wall panel 19 as shown in FIG. 3 before being assembled to the base 11. Good. Then, the wall panel 19 may be built on the base 11 to form the wall 17. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a wall panel forming the wall 17 of the first building unit 10 of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the wall panel 19 includes a plurality of pillars 12 arranged substantially parallel to each other, a plurality of studs 15 arranged substantially parallel to the pillar 12 between the pillars 12, an upper portion of the plurality of pillars 12, and It includes an upper frame member 16a connecting the upper parts of the plurality of studs 15, a lower frame member 16b connecting the lower parts of the plurality of pillars 12 and the lower parts of the plurality of studs 15, an inner side surface member 13, and a wall member 18. The inner side surface member 13 is arranged on one of the two wall surfaces formed by the skeleton of the wall panel 19 formed by the pillar 12, the stud 15, the upper frame member 16a, and the lower frame member 16b assembled together. The wall material 18 is a gypsum board or the like, and is attached to the surface of the inner side surface material 13. The other of the two wall surfaces formed by the skeleton of the wall panel 19 is covered with the outer surface member 14 after the wall panel 19 is installed on the base 11. Further, an engaging hole 12a extending in the axial direction is formed in the lower end surface of the column 12.

As shown in FIG. 4, regardless of whether the pillar 12 of the wall 17 is a single body or the wall panel 19, these are a plurality of rod-shaped members that project from the upper surface of the base 11 into the engagement holes 12 a of the lower end surface of the pillar 12, respectively. It is built on the base 11 while inserting the connecting metal fitting 11a. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the wall panel 19 of FIG. 3 is installed on the base 11. The pillar 12 and the wall panel 19 are positioned and fixed to the base 11 by the engagement of the coupling fitting 11a and the engagement hole 12a. Therefore, the construction of the wall 17 is simple and quick. The connecting metal fitting 11a may be provided on the base 11 alone or as a part of the column base metal fitting 11b arranged on the base 11.

The wall 17 includes a bearing wall 17a and a non-bearing wall 17b. The load bearing wall 17a is a wall having the ability to resist a horizontal load due to an earthquake, wind, or the like. The load bearing wall 17a is structurally fixed to the building, for example, a structural material of the building. The load bearing wall 17a is an element that plays a structural role in a building. The non-bearing wall 17b is an element that does not play a structural role of the building. The non-bearing wall 17b is not structurally fixed to the building. In the present embodiment, the base 11 and the pillars 12 of the first building unit 10, the floor-side horizontal members 21a, the pillars 22 and the ceiling-side horizontal members 21b of the second building unit 20, and the load bearing walls 17a are A structural material for a fixed building. For example, at least one load bearing wall 17a is arranged on each of the longitudinal side portions 10a and 10c extending along the longitudinal direction of the first building unit 10 and facing each other, and at least one load bearing wall 17a is The short side portions 10b and 10d that extend along the short side direction of the building unit 10 and face each other are arranged. The non-bearing wall 17b is located between the bearing walls 17a.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the building structure of the second building unit 20 includes a floor-side lateral member 21 a, a plurality of columns 22, and an inner side member 23 and an outer side member 24 that are bridged across the columns 22. A plurality of studs 25 arranged between the columns 22, a ceiling-side horizontal member 21b arranged on the upper part of the column 22, a floor member (not shown) installed on the floor-side horizontal member 21a, and an upper part of the column 22. It is formed by a ceiling panel or the like (not shown). The floor material may be composed of a floor surface material or the like as in the first building unit 10. Note that FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the second building unit 20 of FIG. 1 cut in the horizontal direction as seen in the downward direction V, and shows a schematic plan view of the inside of the second building unit 20. It is also a figure. The pillars 22 and the studs 25 extend in the vertical direction, and the floor-side horizontal member 21a and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b extend in a substantially horizontal direction. The floor-side horizontal member 21a is configured by a girder and a second-floor floor beam, and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is configured by a second-floor ceiling beam.

The floor-side horizontal member 21a connects the lower portions of the plurality of columns 22 to each other, and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b connects the upper portions of the plurality of columns 22 to each other. In the present embodiment, the pillar 22 is arranged on the floor-side horizontal member 21a, and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is arranged on the upper end of the pillar 22. The floor-side horizontal members 21a and the ceiling-side horizontal members 21b may be arranged on the side portions of the columns 22.
In the present embodiment, the building materials such as the floor-side horizontal members 21a, the pillars 22, the inner side members 23, the outer side members 24, the studs 25, and the ceiling-side horizontal members 21b are wood. Further, the inner side surface material 23 and the outer side surface material 24 are configured by plate materials such as plywood.

The pillar 22, the inner surface member 23, the outer surface member 24, and the stud 25 form the wall 27 of the second building unit 20. The inner side surface member 23 and the outer side surface member 24 form an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface of the wall 27. A wall material (not shown) such as a gypsum board is installed on the inner side surface material 23 inside the wall 27, and a wallpaper may be attached on the wall material. The outer side surface member 24 is arranged outside the wall 27. The wall 27 includes a bearing wall 27a and a non-bearing wall 27b. In the present embodiment, the floor-side horizontal member 21a, the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b and the pillar 22 of the second building unit 20 are structural members of the building to which the load bearing wall 17a is fixed.

The pillars 22, the inner side members 23, the outer side members 24, and the studs 25 may be individually assembled to the floor-side horizontal member 21a, and before the assembly to the floor-side horizontal member 21a, the first building unit 10 The wall panel 19 may be assembled as a wall panel similar to the wall panel 19 of FIG. Whether the pillar 22 of the wall 27 is a single body or a wall panel, these have a plurality of connecting fittings protruding from the upper surface of the floor-side horizontal member 21a in the respective engaging holes formed in the lower end surface of the pillar 22. While being inserted, it is built on the floor-side horizontal member 21a.

[Facility]
With reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, in the present embodiment, the building unit 1 includes equipment. The facility is specifically a residential facility, and includes, for example, a water supply facility, an electrical facility, an air conditioning ventilation facility, an interior, and the like. Each facility is installed in advance in at least one of the plurality of building units 1 arranged in the building other than the construction site.
The water supply facility includes, for example, at least one of a bath (bathroom), a toilet, a wash basin, and a kitchen. The water supply facility may further include a water heater (hot water supply system), and may include pipes such as a drainage pipe, a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe installed in a pipe space formed under the ceiling, under the floor or in the wall. Good.

In the present embodiment, a toilet 31 and a washbasin 32 are installed inside the first building unit 10. Further, inside the first building unit 10, a space 33 in which facility equipment can be arranged is provided. A power outlet is arranged in the space 33, and the space 33 can be used as, for example, a pantry in which a refrigerator or the like for storing food is installed. A toilet 31, a washbasin 32, and a unit bath 34 are installed inside the second building unit 20. Although not shown, various pipes are arranged in the space between the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, or the like.

The electrical equipment may include, for example, a distribution board, an intercom, an information board, an operation panel for operating various equipments, a creation-saving cooperation device (creation-saving cooperation system), and equipments such as lighting. The electrical equipment may further include switches, outlets, and wiring equipment such as information wiring and electrical wiring. The distribution board, the intercom, the information board, the operation panel, the storage and cooperation device, the switch, the outlet, etc. may be arranged indoors. The various wirings may be placed above the ceiling, below the floor, or within a wall.
The air-conditioning ventilation equipment may include, for example, an air-conditioning indoor unit such as an air conditioner installed indoors, a heat exchanger installed in the ceiling or the like, a ventilation fan, and the like. The air conditioning and ventilation equipment may further include various pipes such as ducts installed in the pipe space.
The interior may include a finishing material applied to the floor, walls, ceiling, etc. in the building unit 1, fittings, storage equipment, and the like.

In addition, the number and arrangement of each of the above-described facilities are merely examples, and are not particularly limited. For example, the present embodiment exemplifies a configuration in which both the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 are provided with a water supply facility, but only one of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is provided. May be equipped with water supply facilities.

[Bearing wall]
Next, the structure of the load bearing wall of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment will be described. Referring to FIGS. 2 and 5, in the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, the bearing walls 17 a and 27 a are partially arranged on the walls 17 and 27. Each load bearing wall 17a and 27a forms a wall between two adjacent columns 12. The positions of the load bearing walls 17a and 27a are determined by structural calculation of the building and the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20.

With reference to Drawing 6 and Drawing 7, composition of bearing wall 17a of the 1st building unit 10 is explained. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the first building unit 10 after completion of manufacturing in the factory. FIG. 7 is a sectional side view of the load bearing wall 17a of the first building unit 10 of FIG. 2 taken along the line VII-VII. The bearing wall 17a is formed of the same member as the non-bearing wall 17b. The load bearing wall 17 a has, for example, a structure in which the wall surface on the side opposite to the inner side surface member 13 of the wall panel 19 of FIG. 3 is covered with the outer side surface member 14, and is installed on the base 11.

In the present embodiment, the bearing wall 17a is formed using the wall panel 19. Specifically, the wall panel 19 is built on the base 11 while inserting the coupling fitting 11 a of the base 11 into the engagement hole 12 a of the pillar 12. Further, the connecting fitting 11 a is joined to the pillar 12 and fixed to the pillar 12. Further, in the portion corresponding to the load bearing wall 17 a, the lower frame member 16 b of the wall panel 19 is fastened and fixed to the base 11 using the nail 80. As a result, the inner side surface member 13 and the studs 15, which are fastened and fixed to the lower frame member 16b using the nails 80, are fixed to the base 11 via the lower frame member 16b. Further, the inner side surface member 13 and the lower frame member 16b are also fastened and fixed to the pillar 12 by using nails. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, when the floor surface material 101 is interposed between the wall panel 19 and the base 11, the floor surface material 101 is partially interposed. The floor surface material 101 may be made of a plate material such as plywood, and the floor material 102 for makeup may be laid on the floor surface material 101. Then, in the gap between the wall panel 19 and the base 11, outside the edge of the floor covering 101, a filler 103 is inserted to fill this gap. The filling material 103 is wood. The nail 80 is driven through the lower frame member 16b and the filling material 103 and on the base 11, fixing the lower frame material 16b and the filling material 103 to the base 11, but not fixing the floor material 101 to the base 11. .. As a result, the floor covering 101 is not fixed to the wall panel 19 and is relatively movable.

Then, the outer surface member 14 is attached to the wall panel 19 from the outside of the wall panel 19. At this time, the heat insulating panel 18a may be disposed inside the outer side member 14. In the portion corresponding to the load bearing wall 17a, the outer surface member 14 extends in the height direction from the vicinity of the center of the base 11 to a position below the upper frame member 16a of the wall panel 19, that is, below the upper end of the column 12, Is installed. A gap G is provided between the upper frame member 16a and the upper end of the outer side member 14 to allow nailing of the upper frame member 16a by a human hand. The gap G is formed in the wall 17 at the upper portion of the column 12 and opens toward the outside of the wall panel 19, that is, the inner side surface member 13. The outer side surface member 14 is fastened and fixed to the base 11, the pillar 12, the stud 15, and the lower frame member 16b by using a nail 80. As a result, the outer surface member 14 is fixed to the base 11 via the lower frame member 16b and the like. The construction of the bearing wall 17a of the first building unit 10 other than the construction site such as a factory is completed in a state where the gap G is formed on the outer upper portion of the bearing wall 17a. The wall member 18 may be attached to the inner side surface member 13 inside the load bearing wall 17a. As will be described later, the wall member 18 may also be attached to the floor-side horizontal member 21a placed on the upper frame member 16a so as to be continuous with the wall member 18 on the inner surface member 13. As a result, the two wall members 18 suppress the spread of fire through the gap between the upper frame member 16a and the floor-side horizontal member 21a during a fire. Further, the ceiling panel 104 may be installed on the upper part inside the wall 17.
The load bearing wall 17a may be directly assembled on the base 11 using the above-mentioned components.

Like the short side part 10b of the first building unit 10 in FIG. 6, all of the outer side panels 14 have upper ends located below the upper ends of the columns 12, and above the short side parts 10b. The gap G may be formed over substantially the entire width in the horizontal direction. For example, all the upper portions of the outer side surface material 14 on one side of the first building unit 10 may be cut out in a straight line. Moreover, like the longitudinal side portion 10a of the first building unit 10, a part of the outer side material 14 has an upper end located below the upper end of the column 12, and above the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal side portion 10a. The gap G may be formed over a part of the width. For example, the upper portion of the outer side surface member 14 may be cut out in an L shape in the vicinity of the horizontal end portion of one side portion of the first building unit 10, and the outer side surface member may be cut out in the middle portion in the horizontal direction. The upper portion of 14 may be cut out in a U shape. Further, the opening Ga of the gap G may reach the upper end of the column 12 as shown in FIG. 6, or may not reach the upper end of the column 12. When the opening Ga does not reach the upper end of the column 12, the outer surface member 14 exists above the opening Ga. In other words, the outer surface member 14 is not cut out at its entire upper portion, but is cut away at a portion below the upper end of the outer surface member 14. In this case, the upper end of the outer surface member 14 may have the same height as the upper end of the column 12.

The long side portions 10 a and 10 c and the short side portions 10 b and 10 d of the first building unit 10 may be formed by one outer side surface material 14 or may be formed by a plurality of outer side surface materials 14. For example, as described above, when the upper portion of the outer surface member 14 forms a shape cut out in an L-shape or a U-shape, the L-shape or the U-shape is formed over the entire width in the horizontal direction. It may be formed by the outer surface member 14 having an upper end located below the upper end of the pillar 12 and the outer surface member 14 having an upper end located at the upper end of the pillar 12 over the entire width. Alternatively, the L-shaped or U-shaped shape has an upper end located below the upper end of the pillar 12 and an upper end located at the upper end of the pillar 12, and is one outer surface cut out in an L shape. It may be formed by a material 14, and is formed by an outer surface material 14 cut out in an L shape and an outer surface material 14 having an upper end located below the upper end of the column 12 over the entire width. Good. If the opening Ga of the gap G does not reach the upper end of the column 12, the opening Ga may be formed by one outer surface member 14 or may be formed by a plurality of outer surface members 14.

The closing of the gap G is performed at the building construction site. The first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 are transported to the construction site after the completion of manufacturing in a factory or the like. The first building unit 10 is installed at a predetermined location of the construction site, specifically on the foundation 40, and the second building unit 20 is installed on the installed first building unit 10. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, the floor-side horizontal member 21a of the second building unit 20 is placed on the pillar 12 and the upper frame member 16a of the first building unit 10. The floor-side horizontal member 21a and the pillar 12 are joined by a connecting fitting (not shown).

After the connection between the second building unit 20 and the first building unit 10 and the fixing of each other are completed, the upper frame member 16a of the wall 17 of the first building unit is fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a by using the nail 80. To be done. Since the upper frame member 16a can be accessed through the gap G, the work of fastening the upper frame member 16a is easy. Next, an outer closing face material 14a (indicated by a broken line in FIG. 7) made of the same material as the outer face material 14 is put on the gap G and fixed. As a result, the outer blocking surface material 14a closes the gap G. In the present embodiment, the outside surface material 24 on the outside of the wall 27 of the second building unit 20 has its lower end located near the center of the floor-side horizontal member 21a and extends upward from the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Existence The outer blocking surface material 14 a that fills the gap G extends from the upper end of the outer surface material 14 to the lower end of the outer surface material 24. The outer blocking surface material 14a is fixed to the pillars 12, the studs 15 and the upper frame member 16a of the first building unit 10 and the floor-side horizontal member 21a of the second building unit 20 by using the nail 80. As a result, the inner side surface member 13 and the studs 15, which are fastened and fixed to the upper frame member 16a using the nails 80, are fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a via the upper frame member 16a.

Therefore, the studs 15, the upper frame members 16a, the lower frame members 16b, the inner side members 13, the outer side members 14 and the outer closed side members 14a forming the bearing walls 17a between the columns 12 constitute the structural member of the building. It is fixed to the pillar 12, the base 11, and the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Further, the outer side surface member 14 and the outer side closing surface member 14a cover the entire portion of the wall panel 19 corresponding to the load bearing wall 17a. Therefore, the bearing wall 17a can have the function of the bearing wall.

The assembling of the bearing wall 27a of the second building unit 20 is carried out in the same manner as the bearing wall 17a of the first building unit 10. The load bearing wall 27a is vertically fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b that constitute the horizontal structural material of the building, and to the pillar 22 that constitutes the vertical structural material of the building. Fixed laterally. For example, when the building unit 1 is stacked on the second building unit 20, the ceiling side horizontal member 21b is included in the stacked building unit 1. Even if the building unit 1 cannot be stacked on the second building unit 20, the second building unit 20 is transported in a state where the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is removed in order to satisfy the height limit when transporting the vehicle. To be done. Therefore, the second building unit 20 also has an appearance similar to that of the first building unit 10 shown in FIG. 6 at a place other than the construction place such as a factory, and has a gap G at the upper portion of the load bearing wall 27a.

[Non-bearing wall]
Next, the structure of the non-bearing wall of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment will be described. 2 and 5, in the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, the non-bearing walls 17b and 27b are partially disposed on the walls 17 and 27, that is, the bearing walls 17a and 27a. Formed in between.
The configuration of the non-bearing wall 17b of the first building unit 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional side view of the non-bearing wall 17b of the first building unit 10 of FIG. 2 taken along the line VIII-VIII. The non-bearing wall 17b has, for example, a structure in which the wall surface on the side opposite to the inner side surface member 13 of the wall panel 19 of FIG. 3 is covered with the outer side surface member 14, and is installed on the base 11.

In the present embodiment, the non-bearing wall 17b is formed using the wall panel 19. Specifically, in the wall panel 19 built on the base 11 while engaging the pillars 12 and the connecting fittings 11a of the base 11, the lower frame member 16b of the wall panel 19 at the portion corresponding to the non-bearing wall 17b. However, it is not fixed to the base 11 with nails. As a result, the inner side surface member 13 and the studs 15, which are fixed to the lower frame member 16b with nails, are not fixed to the base 11. Further, the inner side surface member 13 and the lower frame member 16b are fixed to the pillar 12 by using nails. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, when the floor surface material 101 is interposed between the wall panel 19 and the base 11, the floor surface material 101 is partially interposed. A floor material 102 for makeup or the like may be laid on the floor surface material 101. In this case, the filling material 103 is inserted outside the edge of the floor surface material 101 in the gap between the wall panel 19 and the base 11. The lower frame member 16b of the wall panel 19 is not fixed to the floor surface member 101 and the filling material 103 by using nails.

Then, the outer surface member 14 is attached to the wall panel 19 from the outside of the wall panel 19. At this time, the heat insulating panel 18a may be disposed inside the outer side member 14. In the portion corresponding to the non-bearing wall 17b, the outer surface member 14 is installed in the height direction from near the center of the base 11 to near the center of the upper frame member 16a. Therefore, the outer surface member 14 does not protrude beyond the upper frame member 16a. As a result, a part of the upper frame member 16a, a part of the upper end of the stud 15, and a part of the upper end of the pillar 12 are exposed without being covered by the outer surface member 14.
The outer side surface member 14 is fixed to the base 11, the pillar 12, the stud 15, the upper frame member 16a, and the lower frame member 16b by using nails. As a result, the inner surface member 13, the outer surface member 14, the studs 15, and the lower frame member 16b are not fixed to the base 11. The wall material 18 may be attached to the inner side surface material 13 inside the non-bearing wall 17b. Further, the ceiling panel 104 may be installed on the upper part inside the wall 17.
The non-bearing wall 17b may be directly assembled on the base 11 using the above-described components.

The installation of the face material on the exposed portion of the upper frame member 16a or the like is performed at the building construction site. That is, the face material is installed after the second building unit 20 is installed on the first building unit 10 at the construction site.
After connecting the second building unit 20 and the first building unit 10 and fixing each other, the outer surface member 24 outside the wall 27 of the second building unit 20 has its lower end near the center of the floor-side lateral member 21a. And extends upward from the floor-side horizontal member 21a. An outer intermediate surface material 14b (indicated by a broken line in FIG. 8) made of the same material as the outer surface material 14 extends from the side exposed portion of the upper frame material 16a to the lower end of the outer surface material 24 and the upper frame material 16a and the floor. The lateral cross member 21a is covered. Accordingly, the outer intermediate panel 14b extends over the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, and is a floor-side lateral member 21a that is a joint portion between the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20. And extends along the boundary between the upper frame member 16a, the stud 15, and the pillar 12 to cover this boundary.

The outer intermediate panel 14b is fixed to the columns 12, the studs 15 and the upper frame member 16a of the first building unit 10 and the floor-side lateral members 21a of the second building unit 20 by using nails. As a result, the inner side surface member 13, the outer side surface member 14, the studs 15, and the upper frame member 16a are not substantially fixed to the floor side horizontal member 21a.
Therefore, the studs 15, the upper frame members 16a, the lower frame members 16b, the inner side members 13 and the outer side members 14 that form the non-bearing walls 17b between the columns 12 are the base 11 and the floor side that constitute the structural material of the building. It is not fixed to the horizontal member 21a. Therefore, the non-bearing wall 17b does not effectively function as a structural element of the building.

Moreover, since the upper end of the outer side member 14 is located below the upper surface of the upper frame member 16a, an increase in the height of the first building unit 10 is suppressed. Further, when the second building unit 20 is placed on the first building unit 10, it is possible to prevent the outer side surface member 14 from coming into contact with the floor-side horizontal member 21a of the second building unit 20 and being damaged.
Further, the vertical boundary between the outer surface material 14 and the outer intermediate surface material 14b is located on the upper frame member 16a, and the vertical boundary between the outer intermediate surface material 14b and the outer surface material 24 is the floor-side lateral member. 21a. That is, the boundary between the outer surface member 14, the outer intermediate member 14b, and the outer member 24 does not communicate with the boundary between the upper frame member 16a and the floor-side horizontal member 21a and the space inside the walls 17 and 27. .. Therefore, water that enters through the gaps between the outer side surface member 14, the outer intermediate surface member 14b, and the outer side surface member 24, the space in the walls 17 and 27, and the space between the upper frame member 16a and the floor side member 21a, etc. Penetration between members on the inside of is suppressed.

The non-bearing wall 27b of the second building unit 20 is assembled in the same manner as the non-bearing wall 17b of the first building unit 10. The non-bearing wall 27b is not fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a and the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b that form the structural material in the horizontal direction of the building. For example, when the building unit 1 is stacked on the second building unit 20, the ceiling side horizontal member 21b is included in the stacked building unit 1. Even if the building unit 1 cannot be stacked on the second building unit 20, the second building unit 20 is transported in a state where the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is removed in order to satisfy the height limit when transporting the vehicle. To be done. The installation of the face material between the building units 1 is performed after the installation of the ceiling-side horizontal member 21b is completed.

In the example described above, in the non-bearing wall 17b of the first building unit 10 located on the lower side of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, the upper end of the outer surface member 14 is higher than the upper surface of the upper frame member 16a. Was also configured to be located below, but is not limited to this. In the non-bearing wall 27b of the second building unit 20, the lower end of the outer side surface member 24 may be located above the lower surface of the lower frame member. Also in this case, the outer intermediate surface material 14b is arranged between the upper end of the outer surface material 14 of the non-bearing wall 17b and the lower end of the outer surface material 24 of the non-bearing wall 27b.
Further, the structure using the outer intermediate surface member 14b adopted for the non-bearing wall 17b may be applied to the bearing walls 17a and 27a.

[Hanging members for building units]
As described above, in the building unit 1, the upper ends of the walls are not connected by the horizontal member having the strength that constitutes the structural member. Therefore, the building unit 1 is hoisted via the hoisting member attached to the lower part. The configuration of the hanging member 50 of the building unit 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 14.
Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the suspension member 50 attached to the first building unit 10 is shown. The four suspension members 50 are arranged in the first building unit 10. Specifically, two suspending members 50 are arranged on each of the two longitudinal side portions 10a and 10c of the first building unit 10. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state where the hanging member 50 is attached to the first building unit 10 of FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional side view of a vertical cross section passing through the vicinity of the center in the longitudinal direction of the first building unit 10 shown in FIG.

Each hanging member 50 is engaged with the base 11 of the first building unit 10 and the reinforcing member 60 attached to the upper ends of the walls 17 of the long side portions 10a and 10c. Each reinforcing member 60 is a strip-shaped member that extends in a substantially horizontal direction along the long side portion 10a or 10c. Each reinforcing member 60 is made of linear wood, and is fixedly fastened to the column 12 in the wall 17 by a joint fitting such as a nail. The reinforcing member 60 as described above improves rigidity against deformation such as bending of the upper portion of the wall 17 of the long side portions 10a and 10c. The reinforcing member 60 may also be attached to the upper ends of the walls 17 of the short side portions 10b and 10d. The reinforcing member 60 surrounding the wall 17 greatly improves the rigidity of the rectangular frame-shaped cross section formed by the wall 17.
Each suspension member 50 includes an engagement member 51 that engages with the base 11, a suspension fitting 53 that is attached to the reinforcement member 60 and on which a sling such as a wire is hung, and a shaft member that connects the engagement member 51 and the suspension fitting 53. And 52. Further, the hanging member 50 includes a restraint member 54 that fastens the shaft member 52 to the reinforcing member 60 slidably in the vertical direction below the hanging metal fitting 53.

Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, the engagement member 51 is made of a metal material having strength and rigidity such as iron and steel. The engagement member 51 includes a main body portion 51a having an outer shape formed by bending a rectangular flat plate into an L shape. 11 is an enlarged perspective view showing a lower portion of the hanging member 50 of FIG. The main body portion 51a includes a flat plate-shaped hooking portion 51aa which is hooked on the lower surface of the base 11, and a flat plate-shaped connecting portion 51ab which is connected to the shaft member 52. The hanging portion 51aa and the connecting portion 51ab are portions that are positioned so as to sandwich the bent portion of the L-shaped main body portion 51a, and extend substantially perpendicular to each other.

The engagement member 51 includes a cylindrical portion 51b having a through hole on the surface of the connection portion 51ab of the main body portion 51a. The tubular portion 51b has a through-hole whose axial direction is substantially vertical on the outer surface of the connecting portion 51ab which stands upright when the hanging portion 51aa of the main body portion 51a is hung on the lower surface of the base 11. It is fixed to 51ab and is specifically integrated. The outer surface of the connecting portion 51ab is the outer corner surface of the L-shape, which is the surface opposite to the base 11. A fastening hole (not shown) is formed in the connecting portion 51ab so as to penetrate the connecting portion 51ab. A joint fitting 51c such as a screw passing through the fastening hole fixes the connecting portion 51ab to the base 11. At this time, the hanging portion 51aa is in contact with the lower surface of the base 11.

Further, a spacer member 51d may be arranged between the connecting portion 51ab of the engaging member 51 and the base 11. The spacer member 51d disposes the connecting portion 51ab and the base 11 apart from each other, and prevents the bent portion of the engaging member 51 and the connecting portion 51ab from damaging the base 11. Further, in the spacer member 51d, when the portion of the base 11 facing the connecting portion 51ab is not flat, the spacer member 51d fits into the unevenness on the base 11 on one surface, and the connecting portion 51ab abuts on the other surface facing one surface. Provide a possible flat surface.

The shaft member 52 is made of a metal material having tensile strength and bending strength such as iron and steel. The shaft member 52 is a long rod-shaped member, and a male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 52. The lower end portion of the shaft member 52 is passed through the through hole of the cylindrical portion 51b of the engaging member 51, and the two fastening members 52a arranged at both axial ends of the cylindrical portion 51b are screwed into the shaft member 52. It is provided. The two fastening members 52a are tightened toward each other to tighten the tubular portion 51b, thereby fixing the shaft member 52 to the tubular portion 51b.

Referring to FIGS. 10 and 12, the restraint member 54 is a groove-shaped member having a U-shaped cross-sectional shape. The restraint member 54 has a linear groove 54a, and is attached to the reinforcing member 60 with the open side of the groove 54a facing the reinforcing member 60. The restraint member 54 is made of, for example, wood, and is fastened and fixed to the reinforcing member 60 by a joint fitting such as a nail. The restraint member 54 is arranged on the reinforcing member 60 with the groove 54a in the axial direction substantially vertical. Thereby, the groove 54a of the restraint member 54 forms a hole extending in the substantially vertical direction together with the reinforcing member 60.
The upper portion of the shaft member 52 extending upward from the engaging member 51 protrudes upward through the groove 54a of the restraining member 54 and is screwed into the female screw hole of the hanging metal fitting 53 to be connected to the hanging metal fitting 53.
Therefore, the hanging metal fitting 53 is connected to the engaging member 51 via the shaft member 52. As a result, the pulling force acting on the hanging metal fitting 53 is transmitted to the engaging member 51 via the shaft member 52 and acts on the base 11 from below via the hanging portion 51aa.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the sling 70 is hung on the hanging fittings 53 of the four hanging members 50 and the first building unit 10 is hoisted, the hanging fittings 53 are not limited to the vertical force but the horizontal direction. Power acts. Specifically, the inward horizontal force of the four suspension fittings 53 acts on each suspension fitting 53 and each shaft member 52. Note that FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a state in which the first building unit 10 of FIG. 9 is hoisted.
However, since each restraint member 54 restrains each shaft member 52 in the horizontal direction and the movement of each shaft member 52 and each hanging metal fitting 53 in the horizontal direction is suppressed, each engaging member 51 is substantially vertical. Directional pulling force acts. This prevents each engaging member 51 from being displaced in the horizontal direction. Therefore, each suspension member 50 is an engagement that maintains a stable contact surface between each engagement member 51 and the base 11 and suppresses the positional deviation of each suspension metal fitting 53 and each shaft member 52, and also a stable first building. Allows lifting of the unit 10.

Further, each suspension member 50 engages each engagement member 51 with the base 11 that is a structural member under the first building unit 10 and has high strength, and suspends the first building unit 10. Thereby, the occurrence of deformation of the first building unit 10 at the time of lifting is suppressed. Further, it is desirable that the engaging member 51 and the restraining member 54 of each hanging member 50 be arranged near the column 12 of the first building unit 10. As a result, each of the suspension members 50 extends along the column 12 that is a structural material of the first building unit 10 and has strength, or the vicinity thereof, so that the deformation of the first building unit 10 at the time of lifting is suppressed. To be

Further, as shown in FIG. 14, a plate-shaped cushioning material 41 is laid on the foundation 40 on which the first building unit 10 is installed. The cushioning material 41 is, for example, a resin packing. The cushioning material 41 is disposed between the foundation 40 of the first building unit 10 and the large pull or the like and the foundation 40, and absorbs vibrations, impacts, and the like transmitted between them. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a foundation 40 on which the first building unit 10 of FIG. 9 is installed.

In the laid cushioning material 41, the cushioning material 41 is not arranged in the base 11 at a position corresponding to the position where the engaging member 51 of the suspension member 50 is arranged, and the recess 41 a is provided between the cushioning materials 41. Has been formed. Thereby, when the first building unit 10 hung via the hanging member 50 is placed on the cushioning material 41, the engaging member 51 projecting below the base 11 becomes the first building unit 10 and the foundation 40. It is suppressed to be sandwiched between. This facilitates the removal of the engagement member 51 from the base 11. Then, after removing the engaging members 51, the cushioning material 41 may be inserted into the recess 41a.
The anchor bolt 40a protruding from the upper surface of the foundation 40 is inserted into the hole of the base 11 or the hole of the column base metal fitting 11b of the first building unit 10 and fixed to the base 11 or the column base metal fitting 11b. This facilitates the positioning of the first building unit 10 with respect to the foundation 40.

Further, referring to FIG. 15, when the engaging member 51 of the hanging member 50 is applied to the second building unit 20, the engaging member 51 is hung on the floor-side horizontal member 21a. A flat rectangular parallelepiped concave portion 21aa having a shape and dimensions into which the hanging portion 51aa of the main body portion 51a of the engaging member 51 can be inserted is formed in the lower portion of the floor-side horizontal member 21a. The recess 21aa has a vertical depth that is greater than the vertical thickness of the hook 51aa inserted into the recess 21aa. Therefore, the hook portion 51aa that is inserted into the recess 21aa and that engages with the floor-side horizontal member 21a does not protrude below the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Therefore, when the second building unit 20 is stacked on the first building unit 10, it is possible to prevent the hanging portion 51aa of the engaging member 51 from being sandwiched between the second building unit 20 and the first building unit 10. To be Therefore, it becomes easy to remove the engaging member 51 from the floor-side horizontal member 21a.

Further, also in the second building unit 20, each hanging member 50 engages each engaging member 51 with the floor-side lateral member 21a, which is a lower structural material and has a high strength, and the second building unit 20 Lift up. Furthermore, it is desirable that the engaging member 51 and the restraining member 54 of each hanging member 50 be arranged in the vicinity of the pillar 22 of the second building unit 20. As a result, deformation of the second building unit 20 at the time of lifting is suppressed.

[Modification of bearing wall]
Further, the load bearing wall of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment may be modified examples described below. Referring to FIG. 16, the load bearing wall 217a according to the modified example has a structure in which the first building unit 10 is manufactured at a place other than a construction place such as a factory between the upper frame member 16a and the outer side member 14, This is different from the bearing wall 17a according to the embodiment in that the gap G that enables nailing is not formed. Specifically, in the bearing wall 217a, the outer surface member 14 has a height from the base 11 to the upper frame member 16a of the wall 17 or the vicinity thereof. Hereinafter, the bearing wall 217a according to the modification will be described focusing on the points different from the bearing wall 17a according to the embodiment. 16 is a cross-sectional side view showing a modified example of the load bearing wall 17a of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, similar to FIG. 7.

At the time of manufacturing the first building unit 10, the inner side surface member 13 is fastened and fixed to the upper frame member 16a and the lower frame member 16b with nails 80. The lower frame member 16b is fastened and fixed to the base 11 with nails 80. As shown by the broken line in FIG. 16, the outer side surface member 14 is arranged so as to extend from the base 11 to the upper frame member 16a, and is temporarily fastened to the base 11 and the upper frame member 16a using nails, That is, it is temporarily fixed. Alternatively, the outer surface member 14 may be temporarily fixed to the pillar 12, the stud 15, or the lower frame member 16b. At this time, the outer side member 14 closes the space between the upper frame member 16a and the lower frame member 16b. The outer side surface member 14 does not protrude above the upper frame member 16a. The outer side member 14 may be arranged with a gap between it and the upper frame member 16a.

When the inner side surface member 13 and the outer side surface member 14 are fastened as the wall member of the permanent installation, they are nailed at a roughly determined pitch. On the other hand, when the inner side surface material 13 and the outer side surface material 14 are temporarily fastened, for example, they are nailed at a pitch that is significantly thinned from the above-mentioned pitches such as only the four corners. Further, the nail is driven into the main wall member until the head of the nail is buried, but in the case of temporary fastening, the head of the nail may be projected even after the driving.
As described above, the manufacturing of the first building unit 10 is completed in a state in which the outer side surface material 14 on the outer side of the load bearing wall 217a is temporarily fastened, and the first building unit 10 after the completion of manufacturing is transported to and installed at the construction site. .. As a result, the outer surface member 14 that is not permanently installed is transported together with the first building unit 10.

After the stacking of the second building unit 20 on the first building unit 10 is completed, the temporarily fixed outer surface member 14 is once removed. Then, the upper frame member 16a of the wall 17 of the first building unit is fastened and fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a by using the nail 80. After the fastening of the upper frame member 16a is completed, the outer side member 14 is arranged so as to extend from the base 11 to the floor-side horizontal member 21a, as shown by a solid line in FIG. Furthermore, the outer side surface member 14 uses the nail 80 as the wall member of the permanent installation, and the pillar 12, the stud 15, the upper frame member 16a, the lower frame member 16b, the base 11, and the second building of the first building unit 10. The unit 20 is fastened and fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a, that is, permanently fixed.

Therefore, the stud 15, the upper frame member 16a, the lower frame member 16b, the inner side member 13 and the outer side member 14 that form the bearing wall 217a between the pillars 12 are the pillars 12, the base 11, and the structural members of the building. It is fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Further, the outer surface member 14 covers the entire portion of the wall panel 19 corresponding to the load bearing wall 217a. Therefore, the load bearing wall 217a can have a function as a load bearing wall.

[Effects]
As described above, the building unit 1 according to the embodiment is preassembled at a place other than the building construction site and constitutes a part of the building. The building unit 1 includes a base 11 as a lower horizontal member, a plurality of columns 12 extending upward from the base 11, and a wall 17 formed between the plurality of columns 12. The wall 17 has an inner side surface member 13 serving as an inner panel forming an inner wall surface, a stud 15, an upper frame member 16a and a lower frame member 16b, and an outer surface member 14 serving as an outer panel forming an outer wall surface. At least a part of the outer surface member 14 is provided at an upper portion of the at least a part of the outer surface member 14 and inside the outer wall 17 of the inner surface member 13 so as to open toward the outside of the wall 17 and at an upper portion of the column 12. A gap G, which is an upper space that enables the operation of fixing the upper frame member 16a to the floor-side horizontal member 21a as the upper horizontal member to be arranged, is formed.

For example, at least a part of the outer surface member 14 may have an upper end located below the upper end of the column 12, and the gap G may be formed above the upper end of the at least a portion of the outer surface member 14.
Further, for example, the inner panel is arranged inside the stud 15, the upper frame member 16a and the lower frame member 16b as the core member, and the stud 15, the upper frame member 16a and the lower frame member 16b, and forms an inner wall surface. The side material 13 may be included. The outer surface member 14 as an outer panel is arranged outside the studs 15, the upper frame member 16a, and the lower frame member 16b. The upper frame member 16a is fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a.

Further, a method of manufacturing the building unit 1 according to the embodiment as another aspect is a method of manufacturing the building unit 1 that is preassembled at a place other than the building construction site and constitutes a part of the building. This method assembles the inner side surface member 13 as the inner wall portion of the wall 17 of the building unit 1, the studs 15, the upper frame member 16a, and the lower frame member 16b at a place other than the building construction site, and the lower frame member 16b is used as the building unit 1 The step of fixing to the base 11 as the lower structural material of the building, and the outside surface material 14 as the outer wall portion of the wall 17 of the building unit 1 is partially assembled at a place other than the construction site of the building, A step of forming a gap G opening to the outside, a step of arranging a floor-side horizontal member 21a as an upper structural material on the wall 17 at a building construction site, and a floor-side horizontal member at a building construction site. A step of fixing the upper frame material 16a to the material 21a, thereby forming the wall 17 as a load bearing wall, and a step of closing the opening Ga of the gap G with the outer blocking surface material 14a as an outer wall portion at the building construction site. Including and

In the above-described configuration and method, when forming a bearing wall on the wall 17, it is necessary to fix the upper frame member 16a to the floor-side horizontal member 21a with nails or the like. Because of the gap G, the work for fixing can be performed without changing the installed outer surface member 14 such as removal. As a result, even if a gypsum board as a wall material, a wallpaper, or the like has already been applied to the inner surface material 13 of the wall 17, the effect of the fixing work on these is suppressed to a low level. Furthermore, if a gypsum board, wallpaper, etc. have been applied to the inner side surface material 13, it is difficult to perform the fixing work from the inner side surface material 13 side, that is, from the inside of the building unit 1. Therefore, it becomes possible to smoothly perform the connection with another element on the upper portion of the building unit 1.

In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the stud 15 as the inner panel, the lower frame member 16b, and the like are fixed to the base 11 in a state where at least a part of the outer surface member 14 forms the gap G. .. In the above configuration, when forming the bearing wall on the wall 17, by performing necessary work except fixing the upper frame member 16a to the floor-side horizontal member 21a at the time of assembling the building unit 1, For example, in a construction site of a building, quick connection work can be performed on the upper part of the building unit 1.

In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the wall 17 has the outer surface member 14 as the first outer panel and the outer closed surface member 14a as the second outer panel that closes the gap G from the outside. The outer side surface member 14 and the outer closing surface member 14a cover the inner side surface member 13, the studs 15, the upper frame member 16a, and the lower frame member 16b from the base 11 to the floor-side horizontal member 21a arranged above the pillar 12. .. In the above-described configuration, the outer surface member 14 and the outer closing surface member 14a that cover the entire wall 17 from the base 11 to the floor-side horizontal member 21a are fixed to the base 11, the pillar 12, and the floor-side horizontal member 21a that are structural materials. By doing so, it can function as a bearing wall.

In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the inner panel formed by the inner side surface member 13, the stud 15, the upper frame member 16a, and the lower frame member 16b and the outer panel formed by the outer surface member 14 are fixed to the column 12. .. In the above-described configuration, the inner panel and the outer panel are fixed to the column 12 in addition to the floor-side horizontal member 21a and the base 11, so that the wall 17 forms a bearing wall.

The building unit 1 according to the embodiment as another aspect constitutes a part of the building in a state where the building unit 1 is preassembled and stacked in a place other than the construction site of the building. The building unit 1 includes a first building unit 10, a second building unit 20 stacked on the first building unit 10, a second building unit 20 stacked on the first building unit 10, and a first building unit. An outer intermediate surface member 14b as an intermediate plate member that extends across the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is provided along the joint portion with 10.

In the above-described configuration, the gap that may exist at the joint between the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is covered by the outer intermediate surface material 14b, so the airtightness of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20. Is improved. This eliminates the need for the work for closing the gap, so that the connection with another element at the upper part of the first building unit 10 can be smoothly performed. Furthermore, the outer side surface material 14 is not attached to the site|part where the outer side intermediate surface material 14b is installed in the 1st building unit 10. For this reason, the upper end of the outer surface member 14 is located below the upper end of the first building unit 10, so damage that the outer surface member 14 can receive when the second building unit 20 is installed is reduced.

In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, at the joint between the second building unit 20 and the first building unit 10, the upper end of the outer side member 14 as the outer wall member of the wall 17 of the first building unit 10, and The lower end of the outer surface member 24 as the outer wall member of the wall 27 of the two-building unit 20 is located with a gap in the vertical direction. The gap extends along the joint between the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20, and the outer intermediate face material 14b as the intermediate plate member is arranged in the gap. In the above-described configuration, by installing the outer intermediate surface material 14b so as to fill the gap, the joint portion of the first building unit 10 and the second building unit 20 is covered, and the outer wall surface of these is smooth and continuous. Face-to-face can be achieved.

In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the lower end of the outer surface member 24 as the outer wall member of the wall 27 of the second building unit 20 is on the floor-side horizontal member 21a arranged at the bottom of the second building unit 20. Located in. In the above-described configuration, the boundary between the lower end of the outer surface member 24 and the outer intermediate member 14b is located on the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Therefore, the gap that may exist at this boundary is prevented from communicating with the inside of the building unit 1. Therefore, the airtightness of the building unit 1 is improved.

In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the boundary between the lower end of the outer surface member 24 as the outer wall member of the second building unit 20 and the outer intermediate surface member 14b as the intermediate plate member is the outer surface of the second building unit 20. The material 24 and the outer intermediate surface material 14b are located at positions deviated from the boundaries between members adjacent to each other on the inner side. Further, the outer intermediate panel 14b and the upper end and boundary of the outer panel 14 as the outer wall member of the first building unit 10 are adjacent to the outer intermediate panel 14b and the outer panel 14 of the first building unit 10 on the inside. It is located off the boundary between members. In the above-described configuration, the gap that may exist at the boundary between the outer surface member 14, the outer intermediate surface member 14b, and the outer surface member 24 is suppressed from communicating with the inside of the building unit 1.

The building unit 1 according to the embodiment as another aspect is preassembled at a place other than the building construction site and constitutes a part of the building. The building unit 1 includes a base 11 as a lower horizontal member, a plurality of columns 12 extending upward from the base 11, and a wall 17 formed between the plurality of columns 12. The wall 17 has an inner side surface member 13 serving as an inner panel forming an inner wall surface, a stud 15, an upper frame member 16a and a lower frame member 16b, and an outer surface member 14 serving as an outer panel forming an outer wall surface. The outer side surface member 14 is detachably temporarily fixed. For example, the wall 17 is configured to be fixed to the base 11 and the floor-side horizontal member 21a as the upper horizontal member.

In the above-described configuration, when forming the bearing wall on the wall 17, the outer side member 14 is removed when the upper frame member 16a is fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a, and after the fixing, the outer side member 14 is The book is installed and fixed. This facilitates the fixing work. Further, the temporarily fixed outer surface member 14 can be easily removed, and has little influence on the gypsum board, the wallpaper, etc., which are constructed on the inner surface member 13 at the time of removal. Therefore, it becomes possible to smoothly perform the connection with another element on the upper portion of the building unit 1.

In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the temporarily fixed outer surface member 14 is positioned lower than the height position of the floor-side horizontal member 21a arranged above the pillar 12. In the above configuration, the influence of the temporarily fixed outer surface member 14 on the work of connecting the floor-side horizontal member 21a to the first building unit 10 is suppressed. Further, the building unit 1 assembled at a place other than the building construction site is transported to the construction site by a transportation vehicle such as a truck. At this time, the building unit 1 on the transportation vehicle does not meet the height limit of the Road Traffic Act. Need to meet. The outer surface member 14 temporarily fixed at a position lower than the height position of the floor-side horizontal member 21a makes it possible to keep the height of the building unit 1 low and comply with the height limit of the Road Traffic Act. To do. Then, at the construction site, the outer surface member 14 is arranged higher than the height position of the floor-side horizontal member 21a so as to overlap with the floor-side horizontal member 21a, and the base 11 and the floor-side horizontal member 21a are arranged. It can be permanently fixed to and a load bearing wall can be formed.

In the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the permanently fixed outer surface member 14 extends from the floor-side horizontal member 21 a installed on the upper portion of the pillar 12 to the base 11. In the above-described configuration, the outer side surface member 14 can be configured to cover the entire wall 17 without adding a new surface member when the temporary fixing is released and the main fixing, that is, the main installation is performed.

A method of manufacturing a building unit 1 according to an embodiment as another aspect is a method of manufacturing a building unit 1 that is preassembled at a place other than a building construction site and that constitutes a part of the building. This method is a method other than the building construction site, including a step of assembling the inner side surface member 13, the studs 15, the upper frame member 16a, and the lower frame member 16b as the inner wall portion of the wall 17 of the building unit 1, and the process other than the building construction site. A step of assembling and temporarily fixing the outer surface member 14 as an outer wall portion of the wall 17 of the building unit 1, and a step of disposing a floor-side horizontal member 21a as a structural member on the wall 17 at a building construction site. In the construction site of the building, the step of removing the temporarily fixed outer side surface member 14 and moving it upward so as to overlap with the floor-side horizontal member 21a and permanently fixing it is included.
Further, when the temporarily fixed outer side member 14 is removed, the upper frame member 16a is fixed to the floor-side horizontal member 21a.

In the method described above, the outer surface member 14 is temporarily fixed, that is, temporarily fixed at a position lower than a predetermined height position when the outer member 14 is permanently installed. This makes it possible to keep the height of the building unit 1 low after the assembly is completed and before reaching the construction site. Further, after the building unit 1 is installed at the construction site, the work of forming the bearing wall on the wall 17 can be easily performed when the temporary fixing of the outer surface member 14 is released.

The construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment in another aspect is a method of suspending the building unit 1 preassembled at a place other than the construction site of the building using the suspension member 50. In this construction method of the building unit 1, the hanging member 50 has an engaging member 51 as an engaging portion at a lower portion which is engaged with the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a as a horizontal member at the lower portion of the building unit 1. The lifting metal fitting 53 provided on the upper part of the hanging member 50 is lifted.

In the method described above, the hanging member 50 engages with the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a below the building unit 1 to lift the building unit 1. Since a lifting force is applied to the building unit 1 from below, a load on the building unit 1 that deforms the building unit 1 can be suppressed low. Therefore, even if the interior or the like has already been constructed inside the building unit 1, it is possible to reduce the influence of these. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly install and stack the building units 1 at the construction site.

In the method for constructing the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the shaft member 52, which is included in the hanging member 50 and is connected to the engaging member 51 and the hanging metal fitting 53, as a frame portion is vertically moved from the lower portion to the upper portion of the building unit 1. And is fixed to the upper part of the building unit 1 so as to be vertically slidable. In the method described above, the posture in which the shaft member 52 extends in the vertical direction is maintained. As a result, when tension is applied to the shaft member 52 due to lifting, the upper portion of the shaft member 52 is restricted from moving laterally. For example, if the upper part of the shaft member 52 is displaced laterally, it may interfere with the building unit 1 and damage it. Further, it becomes possible to control the direction of the force acting from the engagement member 51 on the building unit 1 in the vertical direction. As a result, it is possible to stably lift the building unit 1.

In the construction method for the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the reinforcing member 60 is attached to the site of the building unit 1 where the shaft member 52 is fixed. In the method described above, when tension is applied to the shaft member 52 due to lifting, the upper portion of the shaft member 52 may press the building unit 1. The reinforcing member 60 suppresses the deformation of the building unit 1 due to the pressing force of the building unit 1.

In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the engaging member 51 is engaged with the lower portion of the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a, and the side portion of the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a is provided. Fix it. In the method described above, the engagement member 51 is prevented from moving with respect to the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a. Stable engagement between the engaging member 51 and the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a is achieved.

In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the recess 21aa into which the engaging member 51 is fitted is formed in the lower portion of the floor-side horizontal member 21a of the building unit 1 stacked on another building unit 1. In the above-mentioned method, even when the building unit 1 is installed on a flat installation surface, the engagement member 51 after installation is prevented from being sandwiched between the building unit 1 and the installation surface, and the engagement member It becomes easy to remove 51.

In the construction method of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the engaging member 51 is hung on the lower portion of the base 11 of the building unit 1 installed on the foundation 40, and the area corresponding to the engaging member 51 on the foundation 40. After laying the cushioning material 41, the building unit 1 is installed on the foundation 40 and the engaging member 51 is removed, and then the cushioning material 41 is installed in the area. In the above method, after the building unit 1 is installed, the engagement member 51 is suppressed from being sandwiched between the building unit 1 and the cushioning material 41, and the removal thereof is facilitated.

The hanging member 50 of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment in another aspect is a hanging member for hanging the building unit 1 preassembled at a place other than the building construction site. The suspending member 50 includes an engaging member 51 that engages with the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21 a below the building unit 1, a suspending metal member 53 located above the engaging member 51, and an engaging member 51. A shaft member 52 as a frame member that connects the suspension member 53 with the hanging metal member 53, and a restraint member 54 that is attached to the upper portion of the building unit 1 and restrains the upper portion of the shaft member 52 in the horizontal direction. Also in the above configuration, when tension is applied to the shaft member 52 due to lifting, the interference between the shaft member 52 and the building unit 1 is suppressed, and the direction of the force acting from the engaging member 51 to the building unit 1 is changed in the vertical direction. It becomes possible to control.

In the hanging member 50 of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the hanging metal fitting 53 and the shaft member 52 are detachably connected via a screw connection, and the shaft member 52 and the engaging member 51 are connected via a screw connection. And detachably connected. With the above-described configuration, it is easy to attach and remove the hanging member 50 to and from the building unit 1.

In the hanging member 50 of the building unit 1 according to the embodiment, the engaging member 51 includes a hanging portion 51aa that is hung from the bottom of the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a and a side of the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a. And a connection portion 51ab as a fixed portion that is fastened to the portion. In the above configuration, the engagement member 51 and the base 11 or the floor-side horizontal member 21a can be stably engaged, and the building unit 1 can be stably lifted.

[Other]
Although the present invention has been described based on the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
In the embodiment, the example in which the two building units 1 are provided has been described, but the number of the building units 1 may be only one or three or more.
In the embodiment, the example in which the two building units 1 respectively configure the first floor and the second floor of the building has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. The building unit 1 may form upper floors of three or more floors, and may form a basement floor such as the first basement floor.

In the embodiment, an example in which one or more building units 1 are formed by the wooden frame construction method has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a wooden frame wall construction method such as a 2×4 construction method, or another construction method such as a steel frame construction may be used for the building unit 1. Therefore, the pillar material of the building unit 1 is not limited to wood, but may be steel frame material. Further, the pillar material of the building unit 1 may be a part of the frame of the building unit 1.
In the embodiment, the outer wall is not constructed on the side surface of the building unit 1, but the invention is not limited to this. When the side surface of the building unit 1 is an outer wall of the building, an outer wall such as a plate wall, a painted wall, or a stretched wall may be installed. The construction of the outer wall may be performed in advance at the factory or at the construction site.

In addition, it can be realized by making various modifications to those skilled in the art by those skilled in the art, or by arbitrarily combining the components and functions of each embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The form is also included in the present invention.

1 Building unit 11 Base (lower horizontal material, lower structural material)
12,22 Pillars 13,23 Inner side material (inner panel)
14, 24 Outer side material (outer panel, first outer panel, outer wall)
14a Outside blocking surface material (second outer panel)
15,25 studs (inner panel, inner wall)
16a Upper frame material (inner panel, inner wall)
16b Lower frame material (inner panel, inner wall)
17, 27 Wall 21a Floor-side horizontal material (upper horizontal material, upper structural material)
G gap (upper space)
Ga opening

Claims (6)

A building unit preassembled at a place other than the building construction site and forming a part of the building,
The first building unit,
A second building unit stacked on top of the first building unit,
Each of the first building unit and the second building unit,
A horizontal material located on the lower side,
A plurality of posts extending upwardly from the front Kiyoko bridging member,
A wall formed between the plurality of pillars, the wall including an inner panel forming an inner wall surface and an outer panel forming an outer wall surface,
Wherein at least a portion of the outer panel in the first building unit, the inside of at least part of the outer panel upper and outer side of the wall of the panel, open towards the outside of the wall and the second Forming an upper space that enables the work of fixing the inner panel of the first building unit to the horizontal member of the building unit ,
The wall, a first outer panel as the at least a portion of the outer panel, and a second outer panel closing the upper space from the outside so as to cover the boundary between the first building unit and the second building unit. Have
The first outer panel and the second outer panel are building units that cover the inner panel from the horizontal member of the first building unit to the horizontal member of the second building unit. The building according to claim 1, wherein the at least part of the outer panel has an upper end located below an upper end of the pillar, and forms the upper space above the upper end of the at least part of the outer panel. unit. Said panel, said at least a portion of the outer panel in a state where the forms the upper space, the building unit according to prior Kiyoko bridging member according to claim 1 or 2 is fixed to. The inner panel includes a core material, and an inner side surface material that is disposed inside the core material and forms an inner wall surface,
The outer panel is disposed outside the core material,
Wherein the core member of the first building unit, building unit according to claim 1 which is fixed to the front Kiyoko bridging material of the second building unit. The panel and the outer panel, building unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4 which is fixed to the pillar. A method of manufacturing a building unit preassembled at a place other than a building construction site and forming a part of the building,
The building unit is
A first building unit and a second building unit stacked on top of the first building unit,
Each of the first building unit and the second building unit,
A horizontal material located on the lower side,
A plurality of columns extending upward from the horizontal member,
A wall formed between the plurality of pillars, the wall including an inner panel forming an inner wall surface and an outer panel forming an outer wall surface,
The method of manufacturing the building unit is
In addition the construction site of the building, the assembly the panel of the wall at each of the first building unit and the second building unit, horizontal member of the first building unit to the panel of the first building unit Fixed to
Partially assembling the outer panel of the wall in each of the first building unit and the second building unit , other than the building construction site, and opening laterally outward at the top of the wall in the first building unit Forming an upper space to
Arranging the cross members of the second building unit on the wall of the first building unit at the building construction site;
Fixing the inner panel of each of the first building unit and the second building unit to the horizontal member of the second building unit at the construction site of the building , thereby forming the wall as a bearing wall When,
In construction site of the building, the opening of the upper space, seen including a step of closing at the outer panel of the first building unit and the second building unit,
The wall, a first outer panel as the at least a portion of the outer panel, and a second outer panel closing the upper space from the outside so as to cover the boundary between the first building unit and the second building unit. Have
The said 1st outer panel and the said 2nd outer panel are the manufacturing methods of the building unit which covers the said inner panel from the said horizontal member of the said 1st building unit to the said horizontal member of the said 2nd building unit .

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