JP2017535738A - アディティブ製造された熱交換器を含んだクライオクーラー - Google Patents
アディティブ製造された熱交換器を含んだクライオクーラー Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017535738A JP2017535738A JP2017512042A JP2017512042A JP2017535738A JP 2017535738 A JP2017535738 A JP 2017535738A JP 2017512042 A JP2017512042 A JP 2017512042A JP 2017512042 A JP2017512042 A JP 2017512042A JP 2017535738 A JP2017535738 A JP 2017535738A
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title description 26
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
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- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 3
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 laminated screens Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K erbium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Er](Cl)Cl HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012457 nonaqueous media Substances 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
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- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
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- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
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- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
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- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
- F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
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- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/02—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of carbon, e.g. graphite
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- クライオクーラーの高温端と低温端との間を流体が流れるときに、前記流体に熱を伝達するように、また、前記流体から熱を吸収するように構成された熱交換器、
を有し、
前記熱交換器は、
炭素の少なくとも1つの同素形を有する基体と、
前記基体の上のナノ粒子の層と、
を有する少なくとも1つのセクションを含む、
装置。 - 前記熱交換器は、複数の基体のうちの1つとナノ粒子の複数の層のうちの1つとを各セクションが有した、複数のセクションを含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記熱交換器は更に、前記熱交換器の前記複数のセクションの中に細孔を有し、該細孔は、前記流体が前記熱交換器の中を流れて前記基体及び前記ナノ粒子の層と接触することを可能にするように構成されている、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記複数のセクションは、前記熱交換器を形成するように積み重ねられている、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記ナノ粒子は、前記基体の上で格子パターンに配置されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記ナノ粒子は、少なくとも1つのランタニド元素又はランタニド合金を有し、且つ
前記基体は、カーボンナノチューブ又はグラフェンを有する、
請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記ナノ粒子の層の部分を形成しているインク、
を更に有する請求項1に記載の装置。 - クライオクーラー用の熱交換器を形成することを有する方法であって、
前記熱交換器を形成することは、前記熱交換器の複数のセクションを形成することを有し、
前記熱交換器の各セクションは、
炭素の少なくとも1つの同素形を有する基体と、
前記基体の上のナノ粒子の層と
を有する、
方法。 - 前記熱交換器を形成することは、交互にされた基体及びナノ粒子の層を形成することを有する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記熱交換器を形成することは、
前記基体の上に前記ナノ粒子の層を付与し、
前記基体及び前記ナノ粒子の層をセクションへと切断し、且つ
該セクションを積み重ねて前記熱交換器を形成する
ことを有する、請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記熱交換器の各セクションを形成することが、
該セクション用の前記基体を形成し、且つ
該セクション用の前記基体の上に、該セクション用の前記ナノ粒子の層を付与する
ことを有する、請求項8に記載の方法。 - 各セクションについて、前記ナノ粒子の層の中の前記ナノ粒子を溶かすこと
を更に有する請求項8に記載の方法。 - 当該方法は更に、前記熱交換器の前記複数のセクションの中に細孔を形成することを有し、前記細孔は、流体が前記熱交換器の中を流れて前記基体及び前記ナノ粒子の層と接触することを可能にするように構成される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記熱交換器を形成することは、
各セクションについて、前記ナノ粒子を含有するインクを前記基体の上に印刷して、前記ナノ粒子の層を形成する
ことを有する、請求項8に記載の方法。 - クライオクーラー用の熱交換器を形成することを有する方法であって、
前記熱交換器を形成することは、前記熱交換器の複数のセクションを形成することを有し、
前記熱交換器が、交互にされた基体及び金属の層を有するよう、前記熱交換器の各セクションが、基体と該基体の上の金属の層とを有する、
方法。 - 各セクションの前記金属の層が、ナノ粒子の層を有し、且つ
各金属の層が、前記ナノ粒子を含有するインクを付与することによって形成される、
請求項15に記載の方法。 - 前記ナノ粒子は、少なくとも1つのランタニド元素又はランタニド合金を有する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子を、
非水性液体中に金属塩を溶解させることによって第1の溶液を形成し、
前記第1の溶液を、非水性液体中に光開始剤を有する第2の溶液と混合し、且つ
得られた混合物を紫外線照射に曝す
ことによって製造する、
ことを更に有する請求項17に記載の方法。 - 各セクションの前記金属の層が、金属の球体又はペレットを真空下で加熱して前記金属の層を直接的に堆積させることによって形成される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 各セクションの前記金属の層が、スタックを形成するように複数層の金属を堆積させ、前記複数層の金属を加熱して合金を形成することによって形成される、請求項16に記載の方法。
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