JP2017526698A - 増殖性障害を処置するための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
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- CILBMBUYJCWATM-PYGJLNRPSA-N vinorelbine ditartrate Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.C1N(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=22)CC(CC)=C[C@H]1C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C1=CC([C@]23[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]4(CC)C=CCN([C@H]34)CC2)(O)C(=O)OC)N2C)=C2C=C1OC CILBMBUYJCWATM-PYGJLNRPSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001834 xanthenyl group Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C(C12)* 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本出願は2014年9月5日付で出願された米国特許出願第62/046,502号および2014年11月20日付で出願された米国特許出願第62/082,236号の優先権および恩典を主張する。これらの出願の各々の内容は、その全体が組み入れられる。
がんは、米国において、心臓病に次ぐ二番目に主要な死因である(Cancer Facts and Figures 2004, American Cancer Society, Inc.(非特許文献1))。がんの診断および処置における最近の進歩にもかかわらず、がんが早期に見つかれば外科手術および放射線治療は治効がありうるが、転移性疾患に対する現行の薬物治療は、ほとんど待機的であり、長期間の治癒をほとんど与えない。新たな化学療法が市場に入ってきてはいるが、抵抗性腫瘍の処置における第一線の治療剤として、ならびに第二線および第三線の治療剤としての、単剤療法においてまたは既存の薬剤との組み合わせにおいて有効な新規薬物に対する必要性が継続している。
または薬学的に許容されるその塩、溶媒和物、水和物もしくはプロドラッグの少なくとも1つを含む組成物の治療有効量を投与する段階であって、細胞増殖性障害が処置される、段階
を含む、細胞増殖性障害を処置する方法を提供する。
1. 処置の方法
本発明は、その必要がある対象に化合物1、化合物2もしくは化合物3、または薬学的に許容されるその塩、溶媒和物、水和物もしくはプロドラッグの少なくとも1つを含む組成物の治療有効量を投与する段階であって、細胞増殖性障害が処置される、段階により、その必要がある対象において細胞増殖性障害を処置するための方法を提供する。細胞増殖性障害は、がん、前がん状態または非がん状態、疾患もしくは障害であり得る。本発明は、細胞増殖性障害の処置に有用な医薬の調製のための、本発明の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩、プロドラッグ、代謝産物、多型もしくは溶媒和物の使用をさらに提供する。
本発明は、化合物1、化合物2および化合物3、これらの化合物を作出するための合成方法、これらの化合物の少なくとも1つを含有する薬学的組成物、ならびにこれらの化合物のさまざまな用途を提供する。
(3-(3-(4-(1-アミノシクロブチル)フェニル)-5-フェニル-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-2-イル)ピリジン-2-アミン)、または薬学的に許容されるその塩、溶媒和物、水和物もしくはプロドラッグ。
3-(3-(4-(1-アミノシクロブチル)フェニル)-5-(3-モルホリノフェニル)-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-2-イル)ピリジン-2-アミン、または薬学的に許容されるその塩、溶媒和物、水和物もしくはプロドラッグ。
N-(1-(3-(3-(4-(1-アミノシクロブチル)フェニル)-2-(2-アミノピリジン-3-イル)-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-5-イル)フェニル)ピペリジン-4-イル)-N-メチルアセトアミド、または薬学的に許容されるその塩、溶媒和物、水和物もしくはプロドラッグ。
((R)-6-(2-フルオロフェニル)-N-(3-(2-((2-メトキシエチル)アミノ)エチル)フェニル)-5,6-ジヒドロベンゾ[h]キナゾリン-2-アミン)、または薬学的に許容されるその塩、溶媒和物、水和物もしくはプロドラッグ。
本明細書において用いられる場合、「アルキル」、「C1、C2、C3、C4、C5もしくはC6アルキル」または「C1〜C6アルキル」は、C1、C2、C3、C4、C5またはC6の、直鎖(線状)飽和脂肪族炭化水素基、およびC3、C4、C5またはC6の、分枝鎖飽和脂肪族炭化水素基を含むよう意図される。例えば、C1〜C6アルキルは、C1、C2、C3、C4、C5およびC6アルキル基を含むよう意図される。アルキルの例としては、限定されるものではないが、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、i-プロピル、n-ブチル、s-ブチル、t-ブチル、n-ペンチル、s-ペンチルまたはn-ヘキシルのような、1個〜6個の炭素原子を有する部分が挙げられる。
本発明の化合物は種々の方法で、市販の出発材料、文献において公知の化合物を用いて、または容易に調製された中間体から、当業者に公知であるか、本明細書の教示に照らして当業者には明らかであると考えられるかのいずれかの、標準的な合成の方法および手順を利用することによって、調製することができる。有機分子の調製ならびに官能基の変換および操作のための標準的な合成の方法および手順は、関連する科学文献から、または当技術分野における標準的な教科書から得ることができる。いずれか1つのまたはいくつかの情報源に限定されないが、参照により本明細書に組み入れられる、Smith, M. B., March, J., March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure, 5th edition, John Wiley & Sons: New York, 2001; およびGreene, T.W., Wuts, P.G. M., Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1999のような古典的なテキストが、当業者に公知である有機合成の有用なかつ広く認められた参考書である。以下の合成方法の記述は、本発明の化合物の調製のための一般的な手順を例示するためにデザインされているが、これに限定されるものではない。
2-クロロ-3-ニトロピリジン1を丸底フラスコ中のジオキサン(10 mL/mmol)に溶解した。アニリン(スキーム1-1に示される構造2)を添加し(1.1当量)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(3当量)を添加した。反応混合物を4〜36時間、適切な温度に加熱した。室温に冷却後、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。残留物を酢酸エチル(20 mL/mmol)に溶解し、水および塩水(それぞれ20 mL/mmol)で洗浄した。有機相を分離し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。ろ過後、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。粗生成物(赤色から褐色の固体)をそれ以上精製することなく次の段階に持ち込んだ。
3-ニトロ-N-フェニルピリジン-2-アミン(スキーム1-1に示される構造3)を丸底フラスコ中のジメチルスルホキシド(8 mL/mmol)およびメタノール(1.5 mL/mmol)に溶解した。2-アミノニコチンアルデヒド(スキーム1-1に示される構造4) (1.1当量)を添加し、Na2S2O4 (85%, 2.5当量)を添加した。反応混合物を15〜36時間100℃に加熱した。室温に冷却後、反応混合物をジクロロメタン(20 mL/mmol)で希釈し、水および塩水で洗浄した。有機相を分離し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。ろ過後、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。粗生成物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(ジクロロメタン/メタノール; 60分かけて0〜20%のメタノール)により精製して、黄色から褐色の固体を得た。
2-クロロ-3-ニトロピリジン(スキーム1-2に示される構造1)を丸底フラスコ中のジオキサン(10 mL/mmol)に溶解した。アニリン(スキーム1-2に示される構造2)を添加し(1.1当量)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(3当量)を添加した。反応混合物を4〜36時間、適切な温度に加熱した。室温に冷却後、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。残留物を酢酸エチル(20 mL/mmol)に溶解し、水および塩水(それぞれ20 mL/mmol)で洗浄した。有機相を分離し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。ろ過後、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。粗生成物(赤色から褐色の固体)をそれ以上精製することなく次の段階に持ち込んだ。
中間体(スキーム1-2に示される構造3a) (1当量)を丸底フラスコ中のジオキサン(5 mL/mmol)に溶解した。アルキル(Alky)/アリールアミン(2当量)を添加し、ジイソプロピルアミン(2.5当量)を添加した。反応混合物を油浴中で80℃に24時間加熱した。室温に冷却後、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。残留物を酢酸エチル(10 mL/mmol)に溶解し、水および塩水(それぞれ5 mL/mmol)で洗浄した。有機相を分離し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。ろ過後、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。粗生成物(スキーム1-2に示される構造3b)をそれ以上精製することなく次の段階に持ち込んだ。
3-ニトロ-N-フェニルピリジン-2-アミン(スキーム1-2に示される構造3)を丸底フラスコ中のジメチルスルホキシド(8 mL/mmol)およびメタノール(1.5 mL/mmol)に溶解した。2-アミノニコチンアルデヒド4 (1.1当量)を添加し、Na2S2O4 (85%, 2.5当量)を添加した。反応混合物を15〜36時間100℃に加熱した。室温に冷却後、反応混合物をジクロロメタン(20 mL/mmol)で希釈し、水および塩水で洗浄した。有機相を分離し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。ろ過後、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。粗生成物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(ジクロロメタン/メタノール; 60分かけて0〜20%のメタノール)により精製して、黄色から褐色の固体を得た。
スキーム9: スズキカップリング
有機ハロゲン化物(スキーム9に示される構造15) (1当量)をエタノールおよびトルエン、それぞれ10 mL/mmolの混合物に懸濁させた。NaHCO3飽和溶液を添加した(3 mL/mmol)。反応混合物を窒素で30分間脱気した。その後、これを窒素下で終夜100℃に加熱した。室温に冷却した後、これをジクロロメタン(20 mL/mmol)および水(10 mL/mmol)で希釈した。有機相を分離し、塩水(10 mL/mmol)で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。ろ過後、溶媒を真空中で除去した。粗残留物(スキーム9に示される構造16)をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル中3〜20%のメタノール)により精製した。
スキーム11: ネギシカップリング
中間体(スキーム11に示される構造19) (1当量)をテトラヒドロフラン10 mL/mmolに溶解した。不活性雰囲気条件下で、アルキル/アリール亜鉛ハロゲン化物(1.5当量)、Pd(PtBu3)2 (0.1当量)およびカリウムtert-ブトキシド(1当量)を添加した。反応混合物を窒素で30分間脱気した。その後、これをマイクロ波中で15分間100℃に加熱した。室温に冷却した後、反応混合物を、セライトを通してろ過した。これをジクロロメタン(20 mL/mmol)および水(20 mL/mmol)で希釈した。エチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA) (1当量)を添加した。有機相を分離し、塩水(10 mL/mmol)で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。ろ過後、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。粗残留物20をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル中3〜20%のメタノール)により精製した。
本発明は、化合物4の合成のための方法を提供する。本発明はまた、実施例に示される以下のスキームによる化合物4の合成のための詳細な方法を提供する。
段階1. グアニジン形成
1 MのDIPEAの無水DMF溶液を調製する(溶液A)。溶液Aを用いて0.5 Mの1-H-ピラゾール-1-カルボキサミジン塩酸塩溶液を調製する。0.25 Mのアミンの無水DMF溶液も調製する。アミン溶液800 μL (200 μmol, 1.0当量)を2ドラムバイアルに分注する。1-H-ピラゾール-1-カルボキサミジン塩酸塩溶液400 μL (200 μmol, 1.0当量)をバイアルに分注する。DIPEA正味(neat) 80 μL (2.3当量)を分注する。バイアルをキャップし、ボルテックスする。100℃で12〜24時間振盪する。出発アミンが消失しているか見る。アミンがまだ存在する場合には、加熱を続ける。溶媒を乾燥/油状になるまで蒸発させる。乾燥アセトン(1 mL)を用いて共沸を行い、次いで再び蒸発させることにより、残りの水分を除去した。
200プルーフのEtOH中で(E)-2-((ジメチルアミノ)メチレン)-4-フェニル-3,4-ジヒドロナフタレン-1(2H)-オンまたは(E)-4-(3,4-ジクロロフェニル)-2-((ジメチルアミノ)メチレン)-3,4-ジヒドロナフタレン-1(2H)-オンのいずれかの0.1 M溶液を調製する。EtOH 2000 μLを前段階からの残留物に分注する。(E)-2-((ジメチルアミノ)メチレン)-4-フェニル-3,4-ジヒドロナフタレン-1(2H)-オンまたは(E)-4-(3,4-ジクロロフェニル)-2-((ジメチルアミノ)メチレン)-3,4-ジヒドロナフタレン-1(2H)-オンのいずれか2000 μL (200 μmol, 1.0当量)を段階1からの残留物に分注する。ナトリウムエトキシドのエタノール溶液(Aldrich, 21重量%)を各バイアル75 μL, 200 μmolに分注する。80℃で72時間振盪する。溶媒を乾燥/油状になるまで蒸発させる。水2000 μLおよび酢酸エチル2000 μLを分注する。70℃で1時間振盪させて、溶解させる。上部の有機層1200 μLを新しいバイアルに移す。酢酸エチル2000 μLを分注する。上部の有機層2300 μLを新しいバイアルに移す。合わせた有機物を蒸発乾固させ、質量トリガー分画(mass triggered fractionation)を用いる分取LC/UV/MSシステムでの逆相クロマトグラフィーによってサンプルを精製した。調節剤として0.1% TFAを用いアセトニトリル/水勾配で化合物をHPLCカラム(Maccel 120-10-C18 SH 10 μm 20 mmID×50 mm)から88 ml/分で溶出させた。
(R)-4-(2-フルオロフェニル)-3,4-ジヒドロナフタレン-1(2H)-オン(8.0 g, 33.33 mmol)のN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドジメチルアセタール(80 mL)溶液を100℃で40時間加熱した。反応混合物を室温に冷却した後に、ヘキサン(50 mL)を添加した。生成物をろ過によって集め、高真空下で終夜乾燥させて、表題化合物を黄色針状晶(6.95 g, 収率70%)として得た。
(R)-2-((ジメチルアミノ)メチレン)-4-(2-フルオロフェニル)-3,4-ジヒドロナフタレン-1(2H)-オン(4.20 g, 14.24 mmol)および1-(3-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)フェニル)グアニジン塩酸塩(6.17 g, 28.47 mmol)のエタノール(40 mL)混合物にナトリウムエトキシド(エタノール中21% w/w) (9.60 mL, 25.62 mmol)を添加した。混合物を80℃で24時間加熱し、まだ熱いうちにろ過した。固体をアセトン(50 mL)で洗浄した。ろ液を濃縮乾固して粗生成物を得た。粗生成物をエタノール(20 mL)に80℃で溶解した。2時間かけて室温に冷却した後、生成物を沈殿させた。固体をろ過によって集め、次いで別のフラスコ中のアセトン(30 mL)に溶解した。このアセトン溶液に、水120 mLをゆっくり添加し、得られた懸濁液を室温で30分間撹拌し、ろ過した。固体を高真空下50℃で24時間乾燥して、表題化合物を黄色固体として得た(3.78 g, 収率65%)。
(R)-2-(3-(6-(2-フルオロフェニル)-5,6-ジヒドロベンゾ[h]キナゾリン-2-イルアミノ)フェニル)エタノール(4.59 g, 11.17 mmol)のジクロロメタン(50 mL)溶液に、トリエチルアミン(2.33 mL, 16.75 mmol)および塩化メタンスルホニル(0.95 mL, 12.28 mmol)を添加した。混合物を室温で1時間撹拌し、水(60 mL×3)で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、濃縮して、表題化合物を黄色固体(5.37 g, 収率98%)として得た。
メタンスルホン酸(R)-3-(6-(2-フルオロフェニル)-5,6-ジヒドロベンゾ[h]キナゾリン-2-イルアミノ)フェネチル(5.37 g, 11.00 mmol)、1-(2-メトキシエチル)ピペラジン(3.32 mL, 22.34 mmol)およびトリエチルアミン(1.5 mL, 11.17 mmol)のN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(30 mL)溶液を90℃で20時間加熱した。室温に冷却後、撹拌しながら水(200 mL)を添加した。懸濁液を15分間撹拌し、ろ過した。固体をジクロロメタン(200 mL)に取り入れ、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。生成物をシリカゲルでのフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィー(120 gシリカゲルカラム、80分かけて、メタノール-ジクロロメタン中0〜10%の7 N NH3)により精製して、表題化合物を黄色固体(5.50 g, 収率93%)として得た。
(R)-6-(2-フルオロフェニル)-N-(3-(2-(4-(2-メトキシエチル)ピペラジン-1-イル)エチル)フェニル)-5,6-ジヒドロベンゾ[h]キナゾリン-2-アミン(5.5 g, 10.22 mmol)の溶液をジクロロメタン(30 mL)および酢酸エチル(20 mL)の混合溶媒に溶解した。この溶液に、撹拌しながら、酢酸エチル(30 mL)中の2.5 M HClをゆっくり添加した。添加後、懸濁液を室温で10分間撹拌し、次いでジエチルエーテル(300 mL)を添加した。生成物をろ過によって回収し、60℃で24時間乾燥して、最終生成物6.2 g (約93%)を黄色固体として得た。この塩の純度は、HPLC短時間法(2.5分の運転)によりUV 254 nmで100%であり、HPLC長時間法(20分の運転)によりUV254で92%であることが判明した。この塩は、本明細書において開示された実施例に示されるようにさらに精製された。
本発明はまた、少なくとも1つの薬学的に許容される賦形剤または担体と組み合わせて、本明細書において記述される少なくとも1つの化合物を含む薬学的組成物を提供する。
実施例1: 3-(3-(4-(1-アミノシクロブチル)フェニル)-5-フェニル-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-2-イル)ピリジン-2-アミン(化合物1)塩酸塩の合成
3-(3-(4-(1-アミノシクロブチル)フェニル)-5-フェニル-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-2-イル)ピリジン-2-アミン塩酸塩は一般手順A、引き続き一般手順DおよびBにしたがって合成された。
0℃に冷却した2,6-ジクロロ-3-ニトロピリジン(5.11 g)のDMA (50 ml)およびトリエチルアミン(5 ml)溶液に、カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-アミノフェニル)シクロブチル) (6.3 g)のDMA (25 ml)溶液を20分かけて滴下した。反応物を1時間0℃で撹拌させ、その後、ゆっくりと室温に加温させ、終夜反応させた。完了時に、反応物を水(250 mL)で希釈し、酢酸エチル(2×200 ml)で抽出した。有機物を合わせ、飽和重炭酸ナトリウム溶液(1×200 ml)、水(1×200 ml)および塩水(1×100 ml)で洗浄した。有機物を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、減圧下で濃縮した。カラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン中15%の酢酸エチル)により精製して、生成物をオレンジ色の固体(5.05 g, 50%)として得た。
カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-((6-クロロ-3-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)アミノ)フェニル)シクロブチル) (5.0 g)の無水DMSO (60 ml)および無水メタノール(10 ml)溶液に、2-アミノニコチンアルデヒド(1.53 g)、続いてNa2S2O4 (6.25 g)を添加した。反応混合物を2日間100℃に加熱した。反応の完了時に、水(250 ml)を添加し、反応物を室温で1日間撹拌させた。反応物をジクロロメタン(2×200 ml)で抽出した。2回目の抽出時に、水層および有機層から大量の黄色固体が析出した。固体をろ別し、生成物であることが分かった。生成物を有機層と合わせ、減圧下で乾燥して、生成物を黄色固体として得た(3.1 g, 52%)。
カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-(2-(2-アミノピリジン-3-イル)-5-クロロ-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-3-イル)フェニル)シクロブチル) (20 g)のトルエン(200 mL)およびエタノール(200 mL)懸濁液に、飽和重炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(150 mL)およびフェニルボロン酸(9.9 g)を添加した。反応物を5分間脱気し、Pd (PPh3)4 (1.0 g)を添加した。反応物を再び5分間脱気し、次いで100℃に2日間またはLCMSにより反応が完了するまで加熱した。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、ジクロロメタン(250 ml×3)および水(100 mL)を反応物に添加した。有機物を飽和重炭酸ナトリウム(1×250 mL)および水(1×250 mL)で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、濃縮した。カラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン中10〜100%の酢酸エチル)により精製して、いくらかの不純物を含む生成物を得た。固体を酢酸エチルで再結晶化して、オフホワイト色の固体(7.2 g)を得た。
カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-(2-(2-アミノピリジン-3-イル)-5-フェニル-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-3-イル)フェニル)シクロブチル) (4.1 g)のジクロロメタン(100 mL)溶液に、ジオキサン(20 mL)中4.0 MのHClをゆっくり添加した。反応物を室温で2.5時間撹拌させた。反応の完了時に、エーテル(50 mL)を懸濁液に添加し、固体をろ過して生成物(4.032 g)を白色固体として得た。
段階1: (1-(4-(((ベンジルオキシ)アルボニル)アミノ)フェニル)シクロブチル)カルバミン酸のCbz保護
4-(1-((tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ)シクロブチル)安息香酸(15 g)のトルエン(75 ml)およびトリエチルアミン(14.36 ml, 2当量)溶液に、ジフェニルホスホリルアジド(12.22 ml, 1.1当量)を添加した。反応物を100℃に加熱し、2時間、または激しい泡立ちが止まるまで反応させた。ベンジルアルコール(26.6 ml, 5当量)を添加し、100℃で2時間反応を進行させた。反応物を室温に冷却し、氷浴上に置いて冷却した。反応物から白色固体が沈殿した後、室温に加温し、終夜撹拌させた。反応物にエーテル(200 ml)を添加し、生成物をろ過して白色固体13.1 gを得た。
cbz保護4-(1-((tert-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ)シクロブチル)安息香酸(9.545 g)の酢酸エチル(125 mL)およびメタノール(125 mL)懸濁液を、溶解するまで加熱した。溶液を室温に冷却し、10% Pd/C (1.1 g)を添加した。フラスコを水素で満たし、室温で終夜反応させた。完了時に、反応物をセライトパッドでろ過し、セライトをメタノール(2×100 mL)で洗浄した。有機物を減圧下で濃縮し、生成物を無色の油状物(6.3 g, 100%)として得、これをさらに精製することなく使用した。LCMS: 263 [M+H]。
段階1: カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-((6-クロロ-3-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)アミノ)フェニル)シクロブチル)
0℃に冷却した2,6-ジクロロ-3-ニトロピリジン(5.11 g)のDMA (50 ml)およびトリエチルアミン(5 ml)溶液に、カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-アミノフェニル)シクロブチル) (6.3 g)のDMA (25 ml)溶液を20分かけて滴下した。反応物を1時間0℃で撹拌させ、その後、ゆっくりと室温に加温させ、終夜反応させた。完了時に、反応物を水(250 mL)で希釈し、酢酸エチル(2×200 ml)で抽出した。有機物を合わせ、飽和重炭酸ナトリウム溶液(1×200 ml)、水(1×200 ml)および塩水(1×100 ml)で洗浄した。有機物を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、減圧下で濃縮した。カラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン中15%の酢酸エチル)により精製して、生成物をオレンジ色の固体(5.05 g, 50%)として得た。
カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-((6-クロロ-3-ニトロピリジン-2-イル)アミノ)フェニル)シクロブチル) (5.0 g)の無水DMSO (60 ml)および無水メタノール(10 ml)溶液に、2-アミノニコチンアルデヒド(1.53 g)、続いてNa2S2O4 (6.25 g)を添加した。反応混合物を2日間100℃に加熱した。反応の完了時に、水(250 ml)を添加し、反応物を室温で1日間撹拌させた。反応物をジクロロメタン(2×200 ml)で抽出した。2回目の抽出時に、水層および有機層から大量の黄色固体が析出した。固体をろ別し、生成物であることが分かった。生成物を有機層と合わせ、減圧下で乾燥して、生成物を黄色固体として得た(3.1 g, 52%)。
カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-(2-(2-アミノピリジン-3-イル)-5-クロロ-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-3-イル)フェニル)シクロブチル) (1当量)を、それぞれ10 mL/mmolのエタノールおよびトルエンの混合物に懸濁させた。NaHCO3飽和溶液を添加した(3 mL/mmol)。反応混合物を窒素で30分間脱気した。Pd(PPh3)4 (0.05当量)およびボロン酸(1.1当量)を反応混合物に添加した。その後、それを窒素下で終夜100℃に加熱した。それを、室温に冷却した後、ジクロロメタン(20 mL/mmol)および水(10 mL/mmol)で希釈した。有機相を分離し、塩水(10 mL/mmol)で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。ろ過後、溶媒を真空で除去した。粗残留物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル中3〜20%のメタノール)により精製した。
カルバミン酸塩(1当量)をメタノールに溶解した。HCl (20当量, ジオキサン中4 M)を添加し、室温で2〜4時間撹拌した。減圧下での溶液の濃縮により、脱保護されたアミン(スキーム2に示される構造7)を塩酸塩として得、これをさらに精製することなく次の段階に使用した。
段階1: N-メチル-N-{1-[3-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン-2-イル)フェニル]ピペリジン-4-イル}アセトアミドの合成
N-[1-(3-ブロモフェニル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-N-メチルアセトアミド(68 mg, 0.217 mmol)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(66 mg, 0.260 mmol)、Pd(dppf)Cl2・DCM (9 mg, 0.0109 mmol)および酢酸カリウム(64 mg, 0.651 mmol)のジオキサン(3 mL)混合物を窒素下80℃で13時間加熱した。室温に冷却した後、混合物をEtOAcで希釈し、セライトパッドでろ過した。合わせたろ液および洗浄液を濃縮した。残留物をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン/AcOEt = 35:65→0:100)により精製してN-メチル-N-(1-(3-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン-2-イル)フェニル)ピペリジン-4-イル)アセトアミド(61 mg, 78%)を白色固体として得た。
カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-{4-[2-(2-アミノピリジン-3-イル)-5-クロロ-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-3-イル]フェニル}シクロブチル) (56 mg, 0.113 mmol)、N-メチル-N-{1-[3-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン-2-イル)フェニル]ピペリジン-4-イル}アセトアミド(61 mg, 0.170 mmol)、ビス(ジ-tert-ブチル(4-ジメチルアミノフェニル)ホスフィン)ジクロロパラジウム(II) (8 mg, 0.0113 mmol)および2 M Na2CO3 aq. (0.062 mL, 0.124 mmol)のDMF (2.5 mL)混合物をマイクロ波(1時間160℃)で処理した。混合物をAcOEtで希釈し、次に水(×3)、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥し、次いでろ過した。ろ液を濃縮し、残留物を分取薄層クロマトグラフィー(AcOEt/MeOH = 20:1)により精製し、分取薄層クロマトグラフィー(CH2Cl2/MeOH = 20:1×2)によりさらに精製して、カルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-(2-(2-アミノピリジン-3-イル)-5-(3-(4-(N-メチルアセトアミド)ピペリジン-1-イル)フェニル)-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-3-イル)フェニル)シクロブチル) (14 mg, 18%)を黄色固体として得た。
MeOH (1 mL)中のカルバミン酸tert-ブチル(1-(4-(2-(2-アミノピリジン-3-イル)-5-(3-(4-(N-メチルアセトアミド)ピペリジン-1-イル)フェニル)-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-3-イル)フェニル)シクロブチル) (14 mg, 0.0204 mmol)に、4 N HCl-ジオキサン(3 mL)を添加し、室温で14時間撹拌した。混合物を濃縮して、N-[1-(3-{3-[4-(1-アミノシクロブチル)フェニル]-2-(2-アミノピリジン-3-イル)-3H-イミダゾ[4,5-b]ピリジン-5-イル}フェニル)ピペリジン-4-イル]-N-メチルアセトアミド三塩酸塩(19 mg, 定量的)を淡黄色固体として得た。
一般手順6に記述されているようにメタンスルホン酸(R)-4-(6-(2-フルオロフェニル)-5,6-ジヒドロベンゾ[h]キナゾリン-2-イルアミノ)フェネチル、2-メトキシエタンアミンおよびトリエチルアミンを用いることにより化合物を合成して、所望の生成物を得た。M.p. = 173〜175℃。
AKT1活性は、GSK3由来ビオチン化ペプチド基質、クロスタイド(ビオチン-GRPRTSSFAEG)およびAlphaScreen(商標) (Amplified Luminescent Proximity Homogeneous Assay)技術を用いてアッセイした。AKT1活性化は、活性化キナーゼPDK1およびMAPKAPK2、脂質小胞およびATPの添加によって達成された。ペプチドリン酸化の程度は、ホスホ-AKT基質抗体およびプロテインAに結合したアクセプタビーズ、およびペプチド上のビオチンに結合するストレプトアビジンに結合したドナービーズを用いて判定された。ドナービーズの励起により周囲酸素が励起された一重項酸素に転換され、アクセプタビーズに近接してアクセプタビーズと反応し、シグナル増幅を生じた。
反応:
2.5 μL 10% DMSO中10×AKT阻害剤
17.5 μL 不活性型AKTまたはブランク用緩衝液
室温で20分のプレインキュベーション
5 μL 反応混合物(5×ATP、5×基質、5×PDK1、5×MK2および5×脂質小胞混合物)
室温で30分のインキュベーション
10 μL 検出緩衝液
室温で90分のインキュベーション
検出(励起: 640 nm、発光: 570 nm)
Envision機器設定:
機器: Perkin Elmer Envision
プレート: 96ウェル
プログラム名:
励起: Ex Top
鏡: General Dual - Slot 2
励起フィルタ: CFP430 Ex. Slot 2
発光フィルタ: Emission 579 -Em slot 2
2次発光フィルタ: なし
測定高さ(mm): 3.8
励起光(%): 1
検出器ゲイン: 1
2次検出器ゲイン: 0
# フラッシュ: 10
# フラッシュ/AD (Flashed/AD): 1
参照シグナル: 383722
ADゲイン: 4
参照励起(%): 100
CisBio KinEASE(商標) HTRFアッセイ技術を用いてAKT1活性をアッセイした。この技術では、独自のビオチン化ペプチド基質(STKS3)、ストレプトアビジン標識XL665抗体、およびSTK抗体-Eu3+-クリプテートを利用する。AKT1活性化は、活性化キナーゼPDK1およびMAPKAPK2、脂質小胞、ならびにATPの添加によって達成された。STKS3ビオチン化ペプチドリン酸化の程度は、ホスホ-STK抗体-Eu3+-クリプテートおよびストレプトアビジン標識XL665抗体を用いて測定した。XL665は、SKS3リン酸化レベルに比例するTR-FRETシグナルを生じるEu3+-クリプテートによって刺激された。
反応:
2.5 μl 10% DMSO中10×AKT阻害剤
17.5 μl 不活性型AKTまたはブランク用緩衝液
室温で20分のプレインキュベーション
5 μl 反応混合物(5×ATP、5×基質、5×PDK1、5×MK2および5×脂質小胞混合物)
室温で30分のインキュベーション
25 μl 検出緩衝液
室温で60分のインキュベーション
検出(励起: 320 nm、発光I: 665 nm、発光II: 615 nm)
細胞増殖分析
細胞生存は、MTSアッセイ法によって判定した。簡単に説明すると、細胞を96ウェルプレートに1ウェルあたり細胞2,000〜15,000個でプレーティングし、完全増殖培地中で24時間培養した後、さまざまな薬物および薬物の組み合わせで72時間処理した。MTSおよびPMS試薬を添加し、4時間インキュベートした後、490 nmでマイクロプレートリーダーを用い細胞生存の評価を行った。データを未処理対照に対して標準化し、Microsoft Excelで分析した。
本発明の化合物は、単独でまたは組み合わせで、プロテウス症候群の処置において利用することができる。
進行性固形腫瘍または再発性悪性リンパ腫を有する対象82人を、用量漸増試験において化合物1で処置した。重度に前処置されたリンパ腫対象での1つの部分的応答を含めて、進行性腫瘍で単剤活性の予備的シグナルが観察された。部分的応答、軽度の応答および安定した疾患を含めて、全体の疾患制御率は、34.1%であった。関連のあるバイオマーカーの発現レベルの低減は、処置後に認められた。
Claims (32)
- 細胞増殖性障害が前がん状態である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 細胞増殖性障害が血液学的腫瘍または悪性疾患である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 細胞増殖性障害が固形腫瘍である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 細胞増殖性障害が、がんである、請求項1記載の方法。
- がんが、肺がん、小細胞肺がん、非小細胞肺がん、結腸がん、乳がん、膵臓がん、前立腺がん、肛門がん、腎がん、子宮頸がん、脳腫瘍、胃がん、頭頚部がん、甲状腺がん、膀胱がん、子宮内膜がん、子宮がん、腸がん、肝がん、白血病、リンパ腫、T細胞リンパ芽球性白血病、原発性滲出液リンパ腫、慢性骨髄性白血病、黒色腫、メルケル細胞がん、卵巣がん、胞巣状軟部肉腫(ASPS)、明細胞肉腫(CCS)、パジェット病、横紋筋肉腫、血管肉腫、胆管がんまたは肝細胞がんである、請求項5記載の方法。
- がんが、転移性がんである、請求項5記載の方法。
- 細胞増殖性障害が非がん障害である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 非がん障害が、下垂体腺腫、リーシュマニア症、皮膚関連過剰増殖性障害、乾癬、湿疹、色素過剰障害、眼関連過剰増殖性障害、加齢黄斑変性症、単純ヘルペスウイルス、プロテウス症候群(ヴィーデマン症候群)、巨指症症候群(macrodactyly syndrome)、道化師様魚鱗癬、CLOVES症候群、アトピー性皮膚炎、レオパード(LEOPARD)症候群、全身性硬化症、脊髄小脳失調症1型、線維脂肪過形成(fibroadipose hyperplasia)、片側過形成多発性脂肪腫症症候群、巨大脳髄症、稀な低血糖症(rare hypoglycemia)、クリッペル-トレノネイ(Klippel-Trenaunay)症候群、過誤腫(harmatoma)、カウデン(Cowden)症候群または過成長-高血糖症(overgrowth-hyperglycemia)である、請求項8記載の方法。
- 非がん障害がプロテウス症候群である、請求項9記載の方法。
- 対象がヒトである、請求項1記載の方法。
- がんの処置が、腫瘍サイズの低減、転移性がん細胞浸潤の阻害、またはその両方を含む、請求項5記載の方法。
- 組成物が静脈内、経口または腹腔内に投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 組成物が、1つまたは複数の薬学的に許容される担体または賦形剤をさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 組成物が連日投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 組成物が約50 mg〜約100 mgで連日投与される、請求項15記載の方法。
- 組成物が約60 mgで連日投与される、請求項16記載の方法。
- 組成物が24時間に少なくとも1回投与されて、少なくとも6日間投与されず、それから、該少なくとも6日間に続く24時間のうちに少なくとも1回投与される間欠投薬計画で、該組成物が投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 組成物が週1回投与される、請求項18記載の方法。
- 組成物が約250 mg〜約350 mgで1回投与される、請求項18記載の方法。
- 組成物が約200 mgで連日投与される、請求項20記載の方法。
- 組成物が約300 mgで1回投与される、請求項20記載の方法。
- 組成物が少なくとも1週間にわたって少なくとも1日1回投与されて、少なくとも第二の1週間にわたって投与されず、それから、第二の1週間の後の少なくとも第三の1週間にわたって連日投与される間欠投薬計画で、該組成物が投与される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 組成物が約150 mg〜約250 mgで連日投与される、請求項23記載の方法。
- さらなる抗増殖剤の治療有効量を投与する段階、放射線治療を投与する段階またはその両方をさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- さらなる抗増殖剤がキナーゼ阻害剤、アルキル化剤、抗生物質、抗代謝剤、解毒剤、インターフェロン、ポリクローナルもしくはモノクローナル抗体、HER2阻害剤、ヒストンデアセチラーゼ阻害剤、ホルモン、有糸分裂阻害剤、MTOR阻害剤、タキサンもしくはタキサン誘導体、アロマターゼ阻害剤、アントラサイクリン、微小管標的薬物、トポイソメラーゼ毒薬物、またはシチジン類似体薬物である、請求項25記載の方法。
- さらなる抗増殖剤が線維芽細胞成長因子受容体阻害剤である、請求項25記載の方法。
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IL250715B (en) | 2020-09-30 |
CA2958770A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
JP6837525B2 (ja) | 2021-03-03 |
EP3189036A1 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
AU2015311751B2 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
CN107074769A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
RU2019142694A (ru) | 2020-02-26 |
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