JP2017510643A - 置換されたヘテロアリール化合物および使用方法 - Google Patents
置換されたヘテロアリール化合物および使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017510643A JP2017510643A JP2017502934A JP2017502934A JP2017510643A JP 2017510643 A JP2017510643 A JP 2017510643A JP 2017502934 A JP2017502934 A JP 2017502934A JP 2017502934 A JP2017502934 A JP 2017502934A JP 2017510643 A JP2017510643 A JP 2017510643A
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- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
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- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2014年3月28日に提出された米国仮出願番号第61/971,552号の利益を享受するものであって、その全ては参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
タンパク質キナーゼは、細胞内における様々なシグナル伝達経路の制御に関与している構造的関連性がある酵素の多くのファミリーの構成要素である。類似した250〜300個のアミノ酸触媒性ドメインを含んでいるタンパク質キナーゼは、標的タンパク質基質のリン酸化を触媒する。多くの疾患は、タンパク質キナーゼが介在する事象により開始される異常な細胞応答に関連があることが報告されている。これらの疾患には、良性および悪性の細胞増殖性疾患、免疫系の不適切な活性化から生じる疾患類、同種移植拒絶反応、移植片対宿主病、自己免疫疾患、炎症性疾患、骨系統疾患、代謝性疾患、神経学的疾患および神経変性疾患、癌、循環器疾患、アレルギーおよび喘息、アルツハイマー病およびホルモン関連疾患が含まれる。従って、治療薬として有効であるタンパク質キナーゼ阻害剤を発見するために、医化学分野において多大な努力が為されている。
(式中、Z、Z1、AおよびR1の各々は、本明細書に定義されたとおりである)
あるいは、その立体異性体、互変異生体、N-オキシド、溶媒和物、代謝物、医薬的に許容される塩またはプロドラッグを提供する。
Zは、C7-C12スピロビシクロアルキル、C7-C12縮合ビシクロアルキル、7〜12員スピロヘテロビサイクリルまたは7〜12員縮合ヘテロビシクロアルキルであり、ここでZは、所望により、1、2、3、4または5つのR2基により置換されていてもよく;
Z1は、H、C1-C12アルキル、C3-C12シクロアルキルまたは3〜12員複素環であり、ここでZ1は、所望により1、2、3、4または5つのR3基で置換されていてもよく;
Aは、インダゾリルまたはピラゾロピリジニルであり、ここでAは、所望により、1、2、3、4または5つのR4基により置換されていてもよく;
R1は、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C12アルキル、C1-C12ハロアルキル、C1-C12アルコキシル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、3〜12員複素環、C6-C12アリール、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-C(=NRc)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであり、ここでR1は、所望により1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により置換されていてもよく;
各R2は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、OH、NH2、-C(=O)CH2CN、C1-C12アルキル、C1-C12ハロアルキル、C1-C12アルコキシ、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-S(=O)2R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-O(CR6R7)n-ORc、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-C(=NRc)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであるか、あるいは2つの隣接するR2は、それらが結合している原子と共に一体となって、C3-C12シクロアルキルまたは3〜12員ヘテロシクロアルキル基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各々R3およびR4は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C12アルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(3〜12員複素環)、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-C(=NRc)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであり、ここで各々R3およびR4は、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各R5は、独立して、H、C1-C12アルキル、C1-C12ハロアルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環または5〜12員ヘテロアリールであり、ここで各R5は、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各々R6およびR7は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C12アルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環または5〜12員ヘテロアリールであるか、あるいはR6およびR7は、それらが結合している炭素原子と共に一体となって、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環または5〜12員ヘテロアリール基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよい;
各R8は、独立して、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、N3、C1-C12アルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、NH2、-NH(C1-C12アルキル)、-NH(CH2)n-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)、-NH(CH2)n-(C6-C12アリール)、-NH(CH2)n-(3〜12員複素環)、-NH(CH2)n-(5〜12員ヘテロアリール)、-N(C1-C12アルキル)2、-N[(CH2)n-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(C6-C12アリール)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(3〜12員複素環)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(5〜12員ヘテロアリール)]2、OH、-O(C1-C12アルキル)、-O(CH2)n-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)、-O(CH2)n-(C6-C12アリール)、-O(CH2)n-(3〜12員複素環)または-O(CH2)n-(5〜12員ヘテロアリール)であり;
各々Ra、RbおよびRcは、独立して、H、C1-C6アルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(C3-C6シクロアルキル)、3〜6員複素環、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(3〜6員複素環)、C6-C10アリール、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(C6-C10アリール)、5〜10員ヘテロアリールまたは-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(5〜10員ヘテロアリール)であるか、あるいはRaおよびRbは、それらが結合している窒素原子と共に一体となって、3〜8員複素環基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、独立して、所望により、F、Cl、Br、CN、N3、OH、NH2、C1-C6アルキル、C1-C6ハロアルキル、C1-C6アルコキシおよびC1-C6アルキルアミノから独立して選択される1、2、3または4つの置換基により置換されていてもよい;
各々mは、独立して、1または2であり;ならびに
各々nは、独立して、0、1、2、3または4である。
である化合物、あるいはその立体異性体であり、ここで各々X、X’、X2およびX3は、独立してCH2、NHまたはOであるが、但しX2がOである場合、X3がOではなく;かつ、Zは、所望により1、2または3つのR2基により置換されていてもよい。
本発明の特定の態様に詳しく言及し、その例を付随する構造および式で例示する。本発明は、請求の範囲により定義される本発明の範囲内に含まれ得る全ての代替物、改良物および等価物に及ぶことを意図する。当業者は、本発明の実施に際して用いられ得る本明細書に記載するものと同様または同等の多くの方法および物質を認識する。本発明は、本明細書に記載の方法および物質に制限されることはない。1以上の組み込まれる文献、特許および同様の資料が、本願(定義される用語、用語の用法、記載される技術などが挙げられるがこれらに限定されない)と異なるか、または相反する場合には本願に従う。
構造a
本発明において、タンパク質キナーゼ活性の阻害剤、特にJAKキナーゼ、FLT3キナーゼおよびオーロラキナーゼ活性である新規化合物を開示するものである。タンパク質キナーゼ阻害剤である化合物は、不適切なタンパク質キナーゼ活性、特に、不適切なJAK、FLT3およびオーロラキナーゼ活性に関連する疾患の治療、例えばシグナル伝達経路に関与するJAKキナーゼ、FLT3キナーゼおよびオーロラキナーゼにより介在される疾患の治療および予防に有用であり得る。前記疾患には、増殖性疾患、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、炎症性疾患、移植拒絶反応およびその併存疾患が挙げられる。特に、本発明の化合物は、疾患群、例えば、幾つか例に挙げると、癌、真性赤血球増加症、本態性血小板増加症、骨髄線維症、慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)、急性骨髄性白血病(AML)、急性リンパ性白血病(ALL)、慢性の閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)、喘息、全身性および皮膚紅斑性狼瘡、ループス腎炎、皮膚筋炎、シェーグレン症候群、乾癬、I型糖尿病、アレルギー性気道疾患、副鼻腔炎、湿疹、蕁麻疹、食品アレルギー、昆虫毒アレルギー、炎症性腸症候群、クローン病、関節リウマチ、若年性関節炎、乾癬性関節炎、臓器移植拒絶反応、組織移植拒絶反応および細胞移植拒絶反応の治療に有用であり得る。
(式中、各々Z、Z1、AおよびR1は、本明細書に規定されたとおり)
の化合物、あるいはその立体異性体、互変異生体、N-オキシド、溶媒和物、代謝物、医薬的に許容される塩またはプロドラッグである。
Zは、C7-C12スピロビシクロアルキル、C7-C12縮合ビシクロアルキル、7〜12員スピロヘテロビサイクリルまたは7〜12員縮合ヘテロビシクロアルキルであって、ここでZは、所望により、1、2、3、4または5つのR2基により置換されていてもよく;
Z1は、H、C1-C12アルキル、C3-C12シクロアルキルまたは3〜12員複素環であって、ここでZ1は、Z1がHである場合を除いて、所望により1、2、3、4または5つのR3基で置換されていてもよく;
Aは、インダゾリルまたはピラゾロピリジニルであり、ここでAは、所望により、1、2、3、4または5つのR4基により置換されていてもよく;
R1は、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C12アルキル、C1-C12ハロアルキル、C1-C12アルコキシル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、3〜12員複素環、C6-C12アリール、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-C(=NRc)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであり、ここでR1がH、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3またはCNではない場合、R1は、所望により1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により置換されていてもよい;
各R2は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、OH、NH2、-C(=O)CH2CN、C1-C12アルキル、C1-C12ハロアルキル、C1-C12アルコキシ、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-S(=O)2R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-O(CR6R7)n-ORc、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-C(=NRc)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであるか、あるいは
2つの隣接するR2は、それらが結合している原子と共に一体となって、C3-C12シクロアルキルまたは3〜12員ヘテロシクロアルキル基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3およびCNを除いて、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各々R3およびR4は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C12アルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(3〜12員複素環)、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-C(=NRc)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであり、ここで各々R3またはR4が、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3およびCNではない場合に、各々R3またはR4は、所望により、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により置換されていてもよく;
各々R5は、独立して、H、C1-C12アルキル、C1-C12ハロアルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環または5〜12員ヘテロアリールであり、ここで各R5は、R5がHである場合を除いて、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各々R6およびR7は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C12アルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環または5〜12員ヘテロアリールであるか、あるいはR6およびR7は、それらが結合している炭素原子と共に一体となって、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環または5〜12員ヘテロアリール基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3およびCNを除いて、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各R8は、独立して、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、N3、C1-C12アルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、NH2、-NH(C1-C12アルキル)、-NH(CH2)n-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)、-NH(CH2)n-(C6-C12アリール)、-NH(CH2)n-(3〜12員複素環)、-NH(CH2)n-(5〜12員ヘテロアリール)、-N(C1-C12アルキル)2、-N[(CH2)n-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(C6-C12アリール)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(3〜12員複素環)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(5〜12員ヘテロアリール)]2、OH、-O(C1-C12アルキル)、-O(CH2)n-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)、-O(CH2)n-(C6-C12アリール)、-O(CH2)n-(3〜12員複素環)または-O(CH2)n-(5〜12員ヘテロアリール)であり;
各々Ra、RbおよびRcは、独立して、H、C1-C6アルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(C3-C6シクロアルキル)、3〜6員複素環、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(3〜6員複素環)、C6-C10アリール、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(C6-C10アリール)、5〜10員ヘテロアリールまたは-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(5〜10員ヘテロアリール)であるか、あるいはRaおよびRbは、それらが結合している窒素原子と共に一体となって、3〜8員複素環基を形成しており、ここでHを除く上記置換基の各々は、所望により、独立して、F、Cl、Br、CN、N3、OH、NH2、C1-C6アルキル、C1-C6ハロアルキル、C1-C6アルコキシおよびC1-C6アルキルアミノから独立して選択される1、2、3または4つの置換基により置換されていてもよい;
各々mは、独立して、1または2であり;
各々nは、独立して、0、1、2、3または4である。
あるいは、その立体異性体であり、ここで各X、X’、X2およびX3は、独立して、CH2、NHまたはOであるが、但し、X2がOである場合、X3はOではなく;かつZは、所望により、1、2または3つのR2基により置換されていてもよい。
本発明は、本明細書に記載の化合物または表1に記載の化合物;および医薬的に許容される担体、アジュバント、ビヒクル、またはその組合せを含む医薬組成物を提供する。本明細書に開示された医薬組成物中の化合物の量は、プロテインキナーゼを生物学的検体または患者において検出可能な程度に阻害するのに有効な量である。
本発明は、1以上のタンパク質キナーゼ活性、例えばJAKキナーゼ(JAK1、JAK2、JAK3またはTYK2キナーゼを含む)、FLT3キナーゼおよびオーロラキナーゼ(オーロラ-A、オーロラ-BおよびオーロラCを含む)活性により介在または影響される疾患または障害、あるいは1以上のタンパク質キナーゼ活性、例えばJAKキナーゼ(JAK1、JAK2、JAK3またはTYK2キナーゼを含む)、FLT3キナーゼおよびオーロラキナーゼ(オーロラ-A、オーロラ-BおよびオーロラCを含む)活性により介在または影響される疾患または障害の1以上の症状の治療、予防または緩和するために、本明細書に開示された化合物または本明細書に開示された化合物を含む医薬組成物を用いる方法を提供する。
本明細書に開示された化合物は、唯一の活性剤として、または別の治療薬(例えば、前記併用投与に対して安全かつ有効であると決定される同一または類似の治療活性を示す別の化合物)と組み合わせて投与され得る。
k)タンパク質-チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤の活性を標的とするか、減少させるかまたは抑制する化合物、例えば、タンパク質-チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤の活性を標的とするか、減少させるかまたは抑制する化合物としては、イマチニブメシレート(グリベック(GLEEVEC))またはチロホスチンが挙げられる。チロホスチンは、好ましくは、低分子量の(Mr < 1500)化合物、またはその医薬的に許容される塩であり、特に、ベンジリデンマロニトリル類より選択される化合物またはS-アリールベンゼンマロニリルまたはビスブストレートキノリン化合物類、より具体的には、チロホスチンA23/RG-50810、AG 99、チロホスチンAG 213、チロホスチンAG 1748、チロホスチンAG 490、チロホスチンB44、チロホスチンB44(+)エナンチオマー、チロホスチンAG 555、AG 494、チロホスチンAG 556、AG 957およびアダホスチン(4-{[(2,5-ジヒドロキシフェニル)メチル]アミノ}-安息香酸アダマンチルエステル、NSC 680410、アダホスチンからなる群より選択される化合物のいずれか;そして
l)受容体型チロシンキナーゼの上皮細胞増殖因子ファミリー(ホモ-またはヘテロ-ダイマーとしてEGFR、ErbB2、ErbB3、ErbB4)の活性を標的とするか、減少させるかまたは抑制する化合物、例えば、上皮細胞増殖因子受容体ファミリーの活性を標的とするか、減少させるかまたは抑制する化合物は、特に、EGF受容体型チロシンキナーゼファミリーのメンバー、例えば、EGF受容体、ErbB2、ErbB3およびErbB4を阻害するかあるいはEGFまたはEGF関連リガンドに結合する化合物、タンパク質または抗体であり、そして特に、一般的かつ具体的には、国際公開第97/02266号(例えば、実施例39に記載の化合物)、または欧州特許第0564409号;国際公開第99/03854号;欧州特許第0520722号;欧州特許第0566226号;欧州特許第0787722号;欧州特許第0837063号;米国特許第5,747,498号;国際公開第98/10767号;国際公開第97/30034号;国際公開第97/49688号;国際公開第97/38983号、および特に、国際公開第96/30347号(例えば、CP 358774として知られる化合物);国際公開第96/33980号(例えば、化合物ZD 1839);および国際公開第95/03283号(例えば、化合物ZM105180)に開示される化合物、タンパク質またはモノクローナル抗体であり、例えば、トラスツマブ(ハーセプチン(HERCEPTIN))、セツキシマブ、イレッサ、タルセバ、OSI-774、CI-1033、EKB-569、GW-2016.E1.1、E2.4、E2.5、E6.2、E6.4、E2.11、E6.3またはE7.6.3;ならびに国際公開第03/013541号に開示される7H-ピロロ-[2,3-d]ピリミジン誘導体が挙げられる。
一態様において、本明細書に開示された治療方法は、安全かつ有効量の本明細書に開示された化合物または医薬用組成物を、その必要がある患者に投与することを特徴とするものである。本明細書に開示された個々の態様には、安全かつ有効量の本明細書に開示された化合物または本明細書に開示された化合物を含有する医薬組成物を、その必要がある患者に投与することにより、上記障害のいずれか1つを治療する方法が挙げられる。
本発明を例示するために、以下の実施例を挙げる。しかしながら、これら実施例は本発明を制限するものではなく、本発明を実施する方法を示すことのみを意味すると解される。
工程1) エチル 2-(1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカン-8-イリデン)アセテート
NaH(60% 鉱油懸濁液、33.3 g, 832.38 mmol)/無水THF(1 L)の懸濁液に、0℃で1時間1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカン-8-オン(100 g, 640.29 mmol)/無水THF(500 mL)の溶液を滴加して、1時間攪拌し続けた。次いで、トリエチルホスホノアセテート(203.23 g, 832.38 mmol)を、-20℃で1時間かけて上記懸濁液に滴加した。得られる混合物を、室温まで昇温させて、2時間攪拌して、H2O(1 L)でクエンチして、EtOAC(1L x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(1 L)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、次いで濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/10)、表題化合物(157 g, 100 %)を、黄白色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 5.64 (s, 1H), 4.12 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.95 (s, 4H), 2.97 (m, 2H), 2.36 (m, 2H), 1.74 (m, 4H), 1.25 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 4H).
エチル 2-(1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカン-8-イリデン)アセテート(157 g, 693.86 mmol)/THF(800 mL)の溶液に、室温で、ニトロメタン(55.8 mL, 1.04 mmol)を加えて、次いで1M TBAF/THF溶液(763.25 mL, 763.25 mmol)を室温で滴加した。反応混合物を、20時間還流加熱して、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、H2O(800 mL)で希釈して、EtOAc(800 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(1 L)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、次いで濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/10)、表題化合物(165 g, 82.9 %)を、黄白色油状物として得た。
1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 4.66 (s, 2H), 4.09 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.88 (s, 4H), 2.49 (s, 2H), 1.64 (m, 8H), 1.21 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 4H).
エチル 2-(8-(ニトロメチル)-1,4-ジオキサスピロ[4.5]デカン-8-イル)アセテート(109 g, 379.38 mmol)/EtOH(600 mL)の溶液に、ラネーニッケル(10 g)を加えた。反応混合物を、H2雰囲気下において、室温で72時間攪拌して、濾過した。フィルターケーキを、DCMおよびMeOHの混合物(1/1 (v/v), 500 mL)で洗った。濾液を真空濃縮して、残留物を、PEおよびEtOAcの混合物(10/1 (v/v), 800 mL)で洗い、濾過して、生成物(67 g, 83.8%)を、白色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 212.1 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 6.60 (s, 1H), 3.95 (s, 4H), 3.20 (s, 2H), 2.23 (s, 2H), 1.72 (m, 4H), 1.65 (m, 4H).
LiAlH4(21 g, 558.56 mmol)/無水THF(500 mL)の懸濁液に、1,4-ジオキサ-10-アザ-ジスピロ[4.2.4.2]テトラデカン-9-オン(59 g, 279.28 mmol)/無水THF(400 mL)の溶液を、0℃で1時間内で滴加した。反応混合物を、還流加熱して、2時間攪拌して、次いで0℃で、発泡が止むまで水を用いてクエンチして、濾過した。フィルターケーキを、DCMおよびMeOHの混合物(1/1 (v/v), 500 mL)で洗った。濾液を真空濃縮して、残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/10)、生成物(52 g, 94 %)を、黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 198.2 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 3.88 (s, 4H), 2.90 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 2.65 (s, 3H), 1.56 (ddd, J = 29.3, 13.4, 6.9 Hz, 10H).
1,4-ジオキサ-10-アザ-ジスピロ[4.2.4.2]テトラデカン(10 g, 50.69 mmol)/MeOH(100 mL)の溶液に、HCl水溶液(2 M、30 mL, 60 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、室温で終夜攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、水(100 mL)に溶解して、飽和Na2CO3水溶液を用いてpH = 10 に調整して、次いでDCM(200 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(200 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、次いで濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) =1/7)、表題化合物(10 g, 100 %)を、黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 154.2 [M+H]+.
THFおよびH2Oの混合液(3/1 (v/v)、200 mL)中の2-アザスピロ[4.5]デカン-8-オン(10 g, 65.26 mmol)の溶液に、(Boc)2O(28.48 g, 130.53 mmol)およびNa2CO3(13.83 g, 130.53 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、室温で、2時間攪拌して、次いでH2O(200 mL)でクエンチして、EtOAc(300 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(500 mL)で洗い、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/10)、生成物(9 g, 54.5 %)を無色油状物として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 198.1 [(M-C4H8)+H]+.
メチルアミン(33%[w/w]/EtOH, 7.42 g, 79.0 mmol)の溶液に、tert-ブチル 8-オキソ-2-アザスピロ[4.5]デカン-2-カルボキシレート(4 g, 15.80 mmol)を加えて、反応混合物を、室温で終夜攪拌した。混合物に、NaBH3CN(2.98 g, 47.4 mmol)を加えて、反応混合物を、室温で更に2時間攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、H2O(50 mL)で希釈して、得られる混合物を、DCM(80 mLx3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(100 mL)で洗い、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(DCM/MeOH (v/v) = 10/1)、生成物(3.2g, 75.7%)を黄色油状物として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 269.2 [M+H]+.
EtOH(10 mL)中の2,4-ジクロロピリミジン(596 mg, 4.0 mmol)およびtert-ブチル 8-(メチルアミノ)-2-アザスピロ[4.5]デカン-2-カルボキシレート(1.29 g, 4.8 mmol)の溶液に、Et3N(0.92 g, 9.1 mmol)を加えて、反応混合物を、室温で終夜攪拌して、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/2)、生成物(580 mg, 38.1%)を淡黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 381.2 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 8.01 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 6.31 (d, J = 5.3 Hz, 1H), 3.41 (ddd, J = 20.4, 14.0, 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.13 (d, J = 25.2 Hz, 2H), 2.93 (s, 2H), 1.81 (m, 2H), 1.65 (m, 8H), 1.48 (m, 11H).
n-BuOH(10 mL)中のtert-ブチル 8-((2-クロロピリミジン-4-イル)(メチル)アミノ)-2-アザスピロ[4.5]デカン-2-カルボキシレート(500.0 mg, 1.3 mmol)および2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-アミン塩酸塩(778.6 mg, 3.9 mmol)の懸濁液に、DIPEA(1.04 g, 8.0 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、密封管中で、150℃で終夜攪拌して、次いで室温に冷却して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/10)、表題化合物(657 mg, 100%)を黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 506.3 [M+H]+.
tert-ブチル 8-((2-((2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)アミノ)ピリミジン4-イル)(メチル)アミノ)-2-アザスピロ[4.5]デカン-2-カルボキシレート(657 mg, 1.3 mmol)/DCM(10 mL)の溶液に、HCl/EtOAcの溶液(10 mL, 40 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、室温で終夜攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、水(30 mL)に溶解して、飽和Na2CO3水溶液を用いてpH = 10 に調整して、次いでDCM(250 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(250 mL)で洗い、次いで無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH / DCM (v/v) =1/5)、表題化合物(0.30 g, 56.9%)を肌色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 406.2 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 9.05 (s, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.74 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 5.97 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.32 (m, 2H), 3.00 (s, 2H), 2.91 (s, 4H), 2.49 (s, 3H), 1.93 (s, 1H), 1.87 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 3H), 1.71 (m, 6H).
DCMおよびDMF(4/1 (v/v), 35 mL)の混合液中のN2-(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)-N4-メチル-N4-(2-アザスピロ[4.5]デカン-8-イル)ピリミジン-2,4-ジアミン(300 mg, 0.74 mmol)、2-シアノ酢酸(156 mg, 1.83 mmol)の溶液に、HATU(925.8 mg, 2.44 mmol)およびEt3N(0.49 g, 4.84 mmol)を加えた。添加後に、反応混合物を、室温で0.5時間攪拌して、次いでH2O(30 mL)でクエンチして、DCM(100 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(100 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(DCM/MeOH (v/v) = 20/1)、表題化合物(210 mg, 60.0%)を肌色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 473.4 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 8.16 (d, J = 9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (dd, J = 5.9, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (dd, J = 8.8, 4.4 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (m, 2H), 5.96 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 3H), 3.64 (dd, J = 13.4, 6.7 Hz, 2H), 3.44 (s, 3H), 3.36 (s, 1H), 2.96 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 2.02 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 1.93 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 1.75 (m, 6H), 1.31 (s, 2H).
工程1) tert-ブチル 3a,4,7,7a-テトラヒドロ-1H-イソインドール-2(3H)-カルボキシレート
LAH(22.80 g, 600 mmol)/THF(600 mL)の懸濁液に、0℃で、テトラヒドロフタルイミド(39.45 g, 260.9 mmol)を滴加した。添加後に、反応混合物を、60℃で18時間攪拌して、次いで0℃に冷却して、水(25 mL)、15% KOH水溶液(25 mL)および更なる水(75 mL)を用いて注意深くクエンチした。得られる混合物を、室温で1時間攪拌して、セライトパッドを通して濾過して、次いでDCM(500 mL)で洗った。濾液を真空濃縮した。イソインドールを黄色油状物として得て、これを精製せずに次工程に使用した。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 168.2 [(M-C4H8)+H]+;
1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 5.64 (s, 2H), 3.40 (m, 2H), 3.16 (m, 1H), 3.07 (m, 1H), 2.25 (m, 4H), 1.90 (m, 2H), 1.46 (s, 9H).
H2O(40 mL)中のtert-ブチル 3a,4,7,7a-テトラヒドロ-1H-イソインドール-2(3H)-カルボキシレート(4.91g、22 mmol)および(NH4)2SO4(1.55 g, 12 mmol)の溶液に、5℃で0.5時間、KMnO4(8.20 g, 52 mmol)を滴加した。反応混合物を、6時間攪拌して、次いで濾過して、H2O(40 mL x 3)で洗った。濾液を、CH2Cl2(40 mL x 3)で抽出して、水層を、3M HCl水溶液を用いてpH = 2〜3に調整して、次いでEtAc(50 mL x 3)で抽出した。EtOAc相を合わせて、塩水(50 mL x 3)で洗い、Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過し、真空濃縮して、表題化合物(4.52 g, 71.5%)を、黄白色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 232.2 [(M-C4H8)+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 3.53 (m, 2H), 3.04 (m, 2H), 2.80 (m, 2H), 2.44 (m, 4H), 1.43 (s, 9H).
2,2'-(1-(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)ピロリジン-3,4-ジイル)二酢酸(3.40 g, 11.8 mmol)/Ac2O(21 mL)の懸濁液に、NaOAc(0.78 g, 9.5 mmol)を加えて、反応混合物を、120℃で3時間攪拌した。その後、得られる混合物を、室温に冷却して、次いで濾過して、EtOAc(20 mL x 2)で洗った。濾液を真空濃縮して、残留物を、シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/4)により精製して、表題化合物(1.38 g, 55.0%)を橙黄色油状物として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 170.2 [(M-C4H8)+H]+;
1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 3.69 (m, 2H), 3.00 (m, 4H), 2.61 (dd, J = 8.2, 18.4 Hz, 2H), 2.29 (dd, J = 5.8, 18.4 Hz, 2H), 1.43 (s, 9H).
tert-ブチル 5-オキソヘキサヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-2(1H)-カルボキシレート(9.57 g, 42.5 mmol)/DCM(170 mL)の溶液に、BnNH2(4.56 g, 42.5 mmol)およびAcOH(2.55 g, 42.5 mmol)を0℃で加えて、反応混合物を、0℃で0.5時間攪拌した。次いで、NaBH(OAc)3(18.00 g, 85.0 mmol)を、上記混合物に加えて、得られる混合物を、室温で、更に20時間攪拌して、次いで飽和NaHCO3溶液(142 mL)でクエンチして、DCM(250 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(250 mL x 3)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc)、表題化合物(7.44 g, 55.3%)を、黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 317.3 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 7.31 (m, 4H), 7.26 (m, 1H), 3.79 (s, 2H), 3.46 (m, 2H), 3.28 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.16 (tt, J = 9.6, 6.9 Hz, 1H), 2.55 (m, 2H), 2.28 (s, 2H), 2.22 (m, 2H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 1.31 (m, 2H).
MeOH(150 mL)中のtert-ブチル 5-(ベンジルアミノ)ヘキサヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-2(1H)-カルボキシレート(6.50 g, 20.5 mmol)およびAcOH(1.23 g, 20.5 mmol)の溶液に、Pd(OH)2/C(10% wt、1.00 g)を加えて、懸濁液を、40℃で終夜、H2雰囲気下において攪拌した。混合物を、セライトパッドを通して濾過して、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、飽和NaHCO3溶液(70 mL)に溶解して、DCM(100 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(100 mL x 3)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、次いで濾過し、真空濃縮して、表題化合物(4.00 g, 86.2%)を、黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 227.2 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 3.44 (m, 2H), 3.31 (m, 3H), 2.98 (br. s, 2H), 2.57 (m, 2H), 2.22 (dt, J = 14.0, 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.44 (s, 9H).
EtOH (60 mL)中の2,4,5-トリクロロピリミジン(1.46 g, 7.96 mmol)およびtert-ブチル 5-アミノヘキサヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-2(1H)-カルボキシレート(3.11 g, 13.74 mmol)の溶液に、Et3N(2.21 g, 21.84 mmol)を加えて、反応混合物を、室温で終夜攪拌して、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、EtOAc(50 mL)および水(50 mL)の混合物に溶解して、EtOAc(150 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(150 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/5)、表題化合物(2.97 g, 100%)を、淡黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 373.0 [M+H]+.
n-BuOH(6 mL)中のtert-ブチル 5-((2,5-ジクロロピリミジン-4-イル)アミノ)ヘキサヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-2(1H)-カルボキシレート(621.8 mg, 1.666 mmol)および2,3-ジメチルインダゾール-6-アミン塩酸塩(999.6 mg, 5.057 mmol)の懸濁液に、DIPEA(1.10 g, 8.43 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、マイクロ波下において、150℃で2時間攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 2/1)、表題化合物(452.1 mg, 54.5%)を、淡褐色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 498.3 [M+H]+.
tert-ブチル 5-((5-クロロ-2-((2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)アミノ)ピリミジン4-イル)アミノ)ヘキサヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-2(1H)-カルボキシレート(452.1 mg, 0.908 mmol)/DCM(10 mL)の溶液に、HCl/EtOAcの溶液(10 mL, 40 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、室温で終夜攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、水(30 mL)に溶解して、飽和Na2CO3水溶液を用いてpH = 10 に調整して、次いでDCM(250 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(250 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/5)、表題化合物(179.6 mg, 49.7%)を、肌色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 398.3 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) 9.14 (s, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.47 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.45 (m, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.17 (s, 1H), 3.05 (m, 2H), 2.92 (d, J = 9.8 Hz, 2H), 2.73 (br. s, 2H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 2.30 (m, 2H), 1.492 (m, 2H).
DCM(40 mL)およびDMF(10 mL)混合液中の5-クロロ-N2-(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)-N4-(オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-5-イル)ピリミジン-2,4-ジアミン(484.7 mg, 1.22 mmol)および2-シアノ酢酸(155.0 mg, 1.82 mmol)の溶液に、HATU(673.2 mg, 1.77 mmol)およびEt3N(0.60 g, 5.90 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、室温で5.5時間攪拌して、次いでH2O(30 mL)でクエンチして、DCM(100 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(100 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(DCM/MeOH (v/v) = 40/1)、表題化合物(0.49 g, 87%)を、肌色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 465.0 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.47 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (m, 2H), 5.27 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.53 (m, 1H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.73 (m, 2H), 3.61 (dd, J = 12.8, 4.3 Hz, 1H), 3.48 (dd, J = 22.5, 4.3 Hz, 1H), 3.42 (s, 2H), 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.64 (m, 2H), 2.60 (s, 3H), 1.46 (m, 2H).
工程1) tert-ブチル 9-オキソ-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカ-7-エン-3-カルボキシレート
EtOH(200 mL)中のtert-ブチル 4-ホルミルピペリジン-1-カルボキシレート(10.0 g, 46.9 mmol)およびKOH(1.3 g, 23.5 mmol)の溶液に、ブタ-3-エン-2-オン(3.9 g, 56.3 mmol)を加えて、混合物を、70℃で16時間攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/4)、生成物(5.2 g, 41.8%)を、褐色油状物として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 210.2 [M-55]+.
tert-ブチル 9-オキソ-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカ-7-エン-3-カルボキシレート( 5.2 g, 19.6 mmol)/DCM(80 mL)の溶液に、10% Pd/C(0.5 g)を加えて、懸濁液を、H2雰囲気下において、室温にて終夜攪拌した。反応混合物を濾過して、真空濃縮して、次いで残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/4)、生成物(3.1 g, 59.0%)を褐色油状物として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 212.1 [M-55]+.
tert-ブチル 9-オキソ-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-3-カルボキシレート(5.35 g, 20.0 mmol)/EtOH(40 mL)の溶液に、NH3/MeOH(7M, 40 mL, 280.0 mmol)およびTi(Oi-Pr)4(11.30 g, 40.0 mmol)の溶液を加えて、混合物を、室温にて終夜攪拌した。次いで、NaBH4(1.51 g, 40.0 mmol)を、滴加した。添加後に、得られる混合物を、室温にて、更に5時間攪拌して、次いで水(40 mL)でクエンチして、1時間攪拌して、濾過した。濾液を真空濃縮して、残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/25)、生成物(1.20 g, 22.4%)を、淡黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 269.3 [M+H]+.
2,4,5-トリクロロピリミジン(495.9 mg, 2.7 mmol)/エタノール(20 mL)の溶液に、tert-ブチル 9-アミノ-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-3-カルボキシレート(1.08 g, 4.0 mmol)およびEt3N(413.6 mg, 4.1 mmol)を加えた。混合物を、室温にて12時間攪拌して、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/10〜1/7)、生成物(387.1 mg, 34.5%)を、淡黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 415.0 [M+H]+.
n-BuOH (6 mL)中のtert-ブチル 9-((2,5-ジクロロピリミジン-4-イル)アミノ)-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-3-カルボキシレート(659.8 mg, 1.59 mmol)および2,3-ジメチルインダゾール-6-アミン塩酸塩(580.6 mg, 2.94 mmol)の懸濁液に、DIPEA (755.5 mg, 5.79 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、マイクロ波照射下において、150℃で2時間攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 2/1)、表題化合物(169.7 mg, 19.8%)を、黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 540.4 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 8.02 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.45 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (dd, J = 8.9, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.00 (s, 1H), 5.17 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 4H), 3.42 (m, 4H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 2.02 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 2H), 1.74 (m, 2H), 1.55 (br. s, 2H), 1.49 (s, 9H), 1.44 (m, 6H).
tert-ブチル 9-((5-クロロ-2-((2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)アミノ)ピリミジン4-イル)アミノ)-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-3-カルボキシレート(161.5 mg, 0.30 mmol)/DCM(10 mL)の溶液に、HCl/EtOAcの溶液(10 mL, 40 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、室温で2時間攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、水(30 mL)に溶解して、飽和Na2CO3水溶液を用いてpH = 10 に調整して、次いでDCM(100 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(100 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/10)、表題化合物(131.6 mg, 100%)を、肌色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 440.4 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.46 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (dd, J = 8.9, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 5.16 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 4.11 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.07 (s, 4H), 2.85 (m, 4H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 1.78 (d, J = 13.3 Hz, 2H), 1.56 (d, J = 5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.39 (m, 6H).
DCM(40 mL)およびDMF(10 mL)の混合液中の5-クロロ-N2-(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)-N4-(3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-9-イル)ピリミジン-2,4-ジアミン(485.3 mg, 1.10 mmol)および2-シアノ酢酸(137.0 mg, 1.61 mmol)の溶液に、HATU(520.8 mg, 1.37 mmol)およびEt3N(0.36 g, 3.55 mmol)を加えた。添加後に、反応混合物を、室温で6時間攪拌して、次いでH2O(30 mL)でクエンチして、DCM(100 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(100 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/50)、表題化合物(171.0 mg, 30.6%)を、肌色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 507.3 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 8.06 (d, J = 3.5 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.46 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (m, 1H), 6.96 (s, 1H), 5.16 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.63 (m, 2H), 3.49 (2, 2H), 3.45 (m, 3H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 2.05 (m, 2H), 1.78 (m, 2H), 1.69 (m, 2H), 1.50 (m, 6H).
N4-(9-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-3-イル)-5-クロロ-N2-(2,3-ジメチルインダゾール-6-イル)ピリミジン-2,4-ジアミン(0.10 g, 0.23 mmol)/無水DCM(10.0 mL)の懸濁液に、N,N-ジエチルエタンアミン(0.036 g, 0.35 mmol)および酢酸アセチル(0.029 g, 0.29 mmol)を加えた。混合物を、室温にて30分間攪拌して、次いでDCM(40 mL)で希釈して、水(20 mL x 2)で洗い、次いで飽和NaHCO3(20 mL)および塩水(20 mL)で洗い、次いで無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(DCM/MeOH (v/v) = 30/1〜15/1)、表題化合物(75 mg, 68%)を、淡緑色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 482.0 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 8.03 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.43 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.05-7.02 (m, 1H), 7.01 (s, 1H), 5.19-5.12 (m, 1H), 4.08-4.00 (m, 4H), 3.62-3.54 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.38 (m, 2H), 2.57 (s, 3H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 2.05-1.99 (m, 2H), 1.78-1.71 (m, 2H), 1.58-1.53 (m, 2H), 1.51-1.43 (m, 6H).
工程1) tert-ブチル 5-((2-クロロ-5-メチルピリミジン-4-イル)アミノ)ヘキサヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-2(1H)-カルボキシレート
EtOH(25 mL)中の2,4-ジクロロ-5-メチルピリミジン(2.00 g, 12.3 mmol)およびtert-ブチル 5-アミノヘキサヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-2(1H)-カルボキシレート(4.64 g, 20.5 mmol)の溶液に、Et3N(2.62 g, 25.9 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、50℃で終夜攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/2)、表題化合物(2.42 g, 55.9%)を、黄色油状物として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 353.0 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 7.68 (s, 1H), 5.25 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 4.48 (m, 1H), 3.42 (m, 2H), 3.26 (d, J = 11.1 Hz, 2H), 2.63 (m, 2H), 2.38 (m, 2H), 1.92 (s, 3H), 1.41 (s, 9H), 1.33 (m, 2H).
n-BuOH(10 mL)中のtert-ブチル 5-((2-クロロ-5-メチルピリミジン-4-イル)アミノ)ヘキサヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-2(1H)-カルボキシレート(421.5 mg, 1.19 mmol)および2,3-ジメチルインダゾール-6-アミン塩酸塩(734.5 mg, 3.72 mmol)の懸濁液に、DIPEA(795.2 mg, 6.09 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、マイクロ波下において、150℃で2時間攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/10)、表題化合物(570.5 mg, 100%)を褐色油状物として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 478.2 [M+H]+.
tert-ブチル 5-((2-((2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)アミノ)-5-メチルピリミジン-4-イル)アミノ)ヘキサヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-2(1H)-カルボキシレート/DCM(15 mL)の溶液に、HCl/EtOAcの溶液(15 mL, 60 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、室温で1時間攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、水(30 mL)に溶解して、飽和Na2CO3水溶液を用いてpH = 10 に調整して、次いでDCM(250 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(250 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/5)、表題化合物(202.4 mg, 42.8%)を、肌色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 378.3 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) 9.20 (s, 1H), 9.13 (s, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.39 (m, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.06 (m, 2H), 2.81 (m, 2H), 2.57 (s, 3H), 2.37 (m, 2H), 2.00 (s, 3H), 1.61 (m, 2H).
DCM(8 mL)およびDMF(2 mL)混合液中のN2-(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)-5-メチル-N4-(オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-5-イル)ピリミジン-2,4-ジアミン(86.9 mg, 0.23 mmol)および2-シアノ酢酸(31.3 mg, 0.37 mmol)の溶液に、HOAT(65.5 mg, 0.48 mmol)およびEDCI(77.6 mg, 0.40 mmol)を加えた。添加後に、反応混合物を、45℃で1時間攪拌して、次いでH2O(30 mL)でクエンチして、DCM(100 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(100 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/10)、表題化合物(69.8 mg, 68.2%)を、肌色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 445.0 [M+H]+.
1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) 8.90 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.45 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 4.55 (m, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.58 (dd, J = 10.4, 8.1 Hz, 2H), 3.51 (dd, J = 12.1, 8.5 Hz, 2H), 2.73 (m, 1H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 2.34 (m, 2H), 1.93 (s, 3H), 1.49 (m, 2H).
DCM(10 mL)中のN2-(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)-5-メチル-N4-(オクタヒドロシクロペンタ[c]ピロール-5-イル)ピリミジン-2,4-ジアミン(127.3 mg, 0.34 mmol)およびN,N-ジエチルエタンアミン(68.3 mg, 0.68 mmol)の懸濁液に、塩化メタンスルホニル(64.2 mg, 0.56 mmol)を加えた。反応混合物を、室温で2時間攪拌して、H2O(30 mL)でクエンチして、DCM(100 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機相を合わせて、塩水(100 mL)で洗い、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥させて、濾過して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/20)、実施例10(90.5 mg, 58.9%)を、肌色固体として得て、そして別の溶出により(MeOH/DCM (v/v) = 1/10)、実施例11(50.2 mg, 35.5%)を肌色固体として得た。
実施例10:
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 456.3 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 8.15 (s, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.44 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (dd, J = 8.9, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (br. s, 1H), 4.77 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 4.58 (m, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.37 (s, 2H), 3.21 (dd, J = 9.6, 7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.87 (s, 3H), 2.61 (m, 2H), 2.58 (s, 3H), 1.99 (s, 3H), 1.51 (m, 2H).
実施例11:
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 420.3 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm) 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.44 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (m, 1H), 6.86 (s, 1H), 4.59 (m, 1H), 4.50 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.62 (m, 3H), 3.41 (dd, J = 10.9, 3.4 Hz, 1H), 2.85 (m, 2H), 2.66 (m, 2H), 2.59 (s, 3H), 2.08 (s, 3H), 1.96 (s, 3H), 1.41 (m, 2H).
工程1) tert-ブチル 9-((2-クロロ-5-メチルピリミジン-4-イル)アミノ)-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-3-カルボキシレート
2,4-ジクロロ-5-メチル-ピリミジン(0.58 g, 3.60 mmol)およびtert-ブチル 9-アミノ-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-3-カルボキシレート(1.44 g, 5.37 mmol)/EtOH(25 mL)の溶液に、Et3N(0.86 g, 8.50 mmol)を加えた。添加後に、反応混合物を、密閉管内において、100℃で25.5時間攪拌して、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(EtOAc/PE (v/v) = 1/2)、表題化合物(332.2 mg, 24%)を、黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 395.4 [M+H]+.
tert-ブチル 9-((2-クロロ-5-メチルピリミジン-4-イル)アミノ)-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-3-カルボキシレート(1.2 g, 3.0 mmol)、2,3-ジメチルインダゾール-6-アミン塩酸塩(896.5 mg, 4.536 mmol)、ジアセトキシパラジウム(132.4 mg, 0.5898 mmol)、BINAP(370.3 mg, 0.5947 mmol)および炭酸ジセシウム(2.98 g, 9.15 mmol)混合物を、無水ジオキサン(10 mL)に溶解させた。反応混合物を、マイクロ波照射下において、150℃で2時間攪拌して、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(DCM/MeOH (v/v) = 30/1)、表題化合物(1.04 g, 66%)を、黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 520.1 [M+H]+.
tert-ブチル 9-((2-((2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)アミノ)-5-メチルピリミジン-4-イル)アミノ)-3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-3-カルボキシレート(1.04 g, 2.00 mmol)に、塩化水素/酢酸エチル溶液(8 mL, 3 mol/L)を加えた。反応溶液を、室温で終夜攪拌して、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、Na2CO3溶液(飽和, 100 mL)で希釈して、混合物を、DCM/MeOH(10/1, 150 mL x 3)で抽出した。有機層を、Na2SO4で乾燥させて、濾過して、真空濃縮して、表題化合物(804 mg, 95.8%)を、黄色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 420.0 [M+H]+.
DCM/DMF(4 mL/1 mL)中のN2-(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)-5-メチル-N4-(3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-9-イル)ピリミジン-2,4-ジアミン(203.2 mg, 0.4843 mmol)、HOAT(105.8 mg, 0.7773 mmol)およびEDCI(144.5 mg, 0.7538 mmol)の溶液に、N,N-ジエチルエタンアミン(209.1 mg, 2.066 mmol)および2-シアノ酢酸(48.1 mg, 0.565 mmol)を加えた。反応を、室温で2.5時間攪拌して、次いで真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(DCM/MeOH (v/v) = 30/1)、表題化合物(48.4 mg, 20.4%)を、淡桃色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 487.3 [M+H]+;
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ (ppm): 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 7.43 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 4.84 (dd, J = 16.7, 7.0 Hz, 1H), 4.11 (s, 1H), 4.03 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 3H), 3.66-3.53 (m, 2H), 3.51-3.34 (m, 4H), 2.57 (s, 3H), 2.05 (d, J = 10.9 Hz, 2H), 1.97 (s, 3H), 1.75 (d, J = 10.4 Hz, 2H), 1.68-1.41 (m, 8H).
DCM/DMF(4 mL/1mL)中のN2-(2,3-ジメチル-2H-インダゾール-6-イル)-5-メチル-N4-(3-アザスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン-9-イル)ピリミジン-2,4-ジアミン(201.5 mg, 0.4802 mmol)、HOAT(106.4 mg, 0.7817 mmol)およびEDCI(145.7 mg, 0.7600 mmol)の溶液に、N,N-ジエチルエタンアミン(207.6 mg, 2.052 mmol)および酢酸(36.7 mg, 0.611 mmol)を加えた。反応を、室温で2時間攪拌した。反応溶液を、真空濃縮した。残留物を、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して(DCM/MeOH (v/v) = 30/1)、粗製生成物(92 mg)を、淡黄色固体として得た。粗製生成物を、アセトン/MeOH(6 mL/0.5 mL)から再結晶化して、表題化合物(50.4 mg, 21.6%)を、白色固体として得た。
MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 462.4[M+H]+.
分析に用いるLC/MS/MSシステムは、Agilent 1200シリーズの真空デガッサー、バイナリポンプ、ウェルプレートオートサンプラー、サーモスタットカラムコンパートメント、エレクトロスプレーイオン化(ESI)源を有するAgilent G6430三連四重極質量分析計から構成される。定量分析は、MRMモードを用いて行った。MRMトランジションについてのパラメーターを表Aに示す。
ヒトまたはラットの肝ミクロソームのインキュベーションを、ポリプロピレンチューブ中で2回行った。通常のインキュベーション混合物は、200μLのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(PBS、100 mM、pH 7.4)の全量中にヒトまたはラットの肝ミクロソーム(0.5 mg タンパク質/mL)、目的とする化合物(5μM)およびNADPH(1.0 mM)から構成される。化合物をDMSOに溶解させ、DMSOの最終濃度が0.05%となるようにPBSで希釈した。酵素反応を、3分間プレインキュベーション後に、タンパク質の添加により開始させて、空気開放系の水浴中において、37℃でインキュベートした。反応を、等量の氷冷アセトニトリルを添加することにより様々な時点(0、5、10、15、30、60分)で終了させた。試料を、LC/MS/MSアッセイまで-80℃で保管した。
ヒトまたはラットの肝ミクロソームのインキュベーションにおける化合物濃度を、各反応について0の時点のコントロールに対するパーセンテージとしてプロットした。インビボにおけるCLintを外挿した(参照:Naritomi, Y.; Terashita, S.; Kimura, S.; Suzuki, A.; Kagayama, A.; and Sugiyama、Y.; Prediction of human hepatic clearance from in vivo animal experiments and in vitro metabolic studies with liver microsomes from animals and humans. Drug Metab. Dispos., 2001, 29:1316-1324)。
本明細書に開示された化合物を、マウス、ラット、イヌまたはサルにおける薬物動態試験で評価した。化合物を、水溶液、2% HPMC + 1% TWEEN(登録商標)80/水溶液、5% DMSO + 5% solutol/生理食塩水、4% MC 懸濁またはカプセルとして投与した。静脈内投与について、動物は、1または2 mg/kgの投与量で概して投与される。経口(p.o.)投与について、マウスおよびラットは、5または10 mg/kgの投与量で概して投与され、そしてイヌおよびサルは10 mg/kgの投与量で概して投与される。血液試料(0.3 mL)を、0.25、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、6.0、8.0、12および24時間の時点で、または0.083、0.25、0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0、6.0、8.0および24時間の時点で採取し、3,000または4000 rpmで2〜10分間遠心分離する。血漿液を回収し、上記のとおりLC/MS/MSにより分析するまで-20℃または-70℃で保管する。
タンパク質キナーゼの阻害剤として、本明細書に開示の化合物の有効性を、以下のとおり評価できる。
キナーゼアッセイを、γ-33P ATPの固定化ミエリン塩基性タンパク質(MBP)への取り込みを測定することにより実施できる。高結合能白色384ウェルプレート(Greiner)を、60μL/ウェルで、トリス緩衝生理食塩水(TBS;50 mM Tris pH 8.0、138 mM NaCl、2.7 mM KCl)中の20μg/mL MBPを、4℃で24時間インキュベーションすることにより、MBP(Sigma #M-1891で被覆する。プレートを100μLのTBSで3回洗浄する。キナーゼ反応を、キナーゼ緩衝液(5 mM Hepes, pH 7.6、15 mM NaCl、0.01%ウシ γグロブリン(Sigma #I-5506)、10 mM MgCl2、1 mM DTT、0.02% TritonX-100)中の全量34μLにおいて行う。化合物の希釈をDMSOで行い、アッセイウェルに1%の最終DMSO濃度で加える。各データ点を3回測定し、個々の化合物測定について少なくとも2回のアッセイを行う。酵素を、例えば10 nMまたは20 nMの最終濃度で加える。未標識ATPおよびγ-33P ATPの混合物を加え、反応を開始する(典型的には、ウェル当たり2 x 106 cpmのγ-33P ATP(3000 Ci/mmole)および10μM 未標識ATP)。反応を、1時間室温で振とうしながら行う。プレートをTBSで7回洗浄し、続いて50μL/ウェルのシンチレーション液体(ウォレス(Wallac))を加える。プレートを、ウォレス製トリルックス(Trilux)カウンターを用いて読み取る。これは、上記アッセイに関する単なる1つの形式に過ぎず;当業者には公知の様々な他の形式が実施できる。
JAK1(h)
JAK1(h)を、20 mM Tris/HCl pH 7.5、0.2 mM EDTA、500 μM GEEPLYWSFPAKKK、10 mM 酢酸Mgおよび[γ-33P-ATP](比活性 約500 cpm/pmol, 必要に応じた濃度)と共にインキュベートする。反応を、Mg ATP混合物の添加により開始する。室温で40分間、インキュベーション後に、3% リン酸溶液の添加により、反応を停止する。次いで、この反応溶液(10 μL)を、P30 filtermat 上にスポットして、75 mM リン酸中で3回5分間洗い、メタノールで1回洗った後に、乾燥させて、シンチレーション計測を行う。
JAK2(h)を、8 mM MOPS pH 7.0、0.2 mM EDTA、100 μM KTFCGTPEYLAPEVRREPRILSEEEQEMFRDFDYIADWC、10 mM 酢酸Mgおよび[γ-33P-ATP](比活性 約500 cpm/pmol、必要に応じた濃度)と共にインキュベートする。反応を、MgATP混合物の添加により開始した。室温で40分間インキュベーションした後に、3% リン酸溶液の添加により反応を停止する。この反応溶液(10 μL)を、P30 filtermat上にスポットして、75 mM リン酸中で3回5分間洗い、メタノールで1回洗った後に、乾燥させて、シンチレーション計測を行う。
JAK3(h)を、8 mM MOPS pH 7.0、0.2 mM EDTA、500 μM GGEEEEYFELVKKKK、10 mM 酢酸Mgおよび[γ-33P-ATP](比活性 約500 cpm/pmol、必要に応じた濃度)と共にインキュベートする。反応を、MgATP混合物の添加により開始した。室温で40分間インキュベーションした後に、3% リン酸溶液の添加により反応を停止する。この反応溶液(10 μL)を、P30 filtermat上にスポットして、75 mM リン酸中で5分間で3回洗い、メタノールで1回洗った後に、乾燥させて、シンチレーション計測を行う。
TYK2(h)を、8 mM MOPS pH 7.0、0.2 mM EDTA、250 μM GGMEDIYFEFMGGKKK、10 mM 酢酸Mgおよび[γ-33P-ATP](比活性 約500 cpm/pmol、必要に応じた濃度)と共にインキュベートする。反応を、MgATP混合物の添加により開始した。室温で40分間インキュベーションした後に、3% リン酸溶液の添加により反応を停止する。この反応溶液(10 μL)を、P30 filtermat上にスポットして、75 mM リン酸中で3回5分間洗い、メタノールで1回洗った後に、乾燥させて、シンチレーション計測を行う。
FLT3(h)を、8 mM MOPS pH 7.0、0.2 mM EDTA、50 μM EAIYAAPFAKKK、10 mM 酢酸Mgおよび[γ-33P-ATP](比活性 約500 cpm/pmol、必要に応じた濃度)と共にインキュベートする。反応を、MgATP混合物の添加により開始した。室温にて40分間インキュベーションした後に、反応を、3% リン酸溶液の添加により停止させた。次いで、反応溶液(10 μL)を、P30 filtermat上にスポットして、75 mM リン酸中で3回5分間洗い、メタノールで1回洗った後に、乾燥させて、シンチレーション計測を行う。
オーロラ-A(h)を、8 mM MOPS pH 7.0、0.2 mM EDTA、200 μM LRRASLG (Kemptide)、10 mM 酢酸Mgおよび[γ-33P-ATP] (比活性 約500 cpm/pmol、必要に応じた濃度)と共にインキュベートする。反応を、MgATP混合物の添加により開始した。室温にて40分間インキュベーションした後に、反応を、3% リン酸溶液の添加により停止させた。次いで、反応溶液(10 μL)を、P30 filtermat上にスポットして、75 mM リン酸中で3回5分間洗い、メタノールで1回洗った後に、乾燥させて、シンチレーション計測を行う。
オーロラ-B(h)を、8 mM MOPS pH 7.0、0.2 mM EDTA、30 μM AKRRRLSSLRA、10 mM 酢酸Mgおよび[γ-33PATP](比活性 約500 cpm/pmol、必要に応じた濃度)と共にインキュベートする。反応を、MgATP混合物の添加により開始した。室温にて40分間インキュベーションした後に、反応を、3% リン酸溶液の添加により停止させた。反応溶液(10 μL)を、P30 filtermat上にスポットして、75 mM リン酸中で3回5分間洗い、メタノールで1回洗った後に、乾燥させて、シンチレーション計測を行う。
Claims (31)
- 式(I):
Zは、C7-C12スピロビシクロアルキル、C7-C12縮合ビシクロアルキル、7〜12員スピロヘテロビサイクリルまたは7〜12員縮合ヘテロビシクロアルキルであり、ここでZは、所望により、1、2、3、4または5つのR2基により置換されていてもよく;
Z1は、H、C1-C12アルキル、C3-C12シクロアルキルまたは3〜12員複素環であり、ここでZ1は、所望により、1、2、3、4または5つのR3基により置換されていてもよく;
Aは、インダゾリルまたはピラゾロピリジニルであり、ここでAは、所望により、1、2、3、4または5つのR4基により置換されていてもよく;
R1は、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C12アルキル、C1-C12ハロアルキル、C1-C12アルコキシル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、3〜12員複素環、C6-C12アリール、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-C(=NRc)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであり、ここでR1は、所望により1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により置換されていてもよい;
各R2は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、OH、NH2、-C(=O)CH2CN、C1-C12アルキル、C1-C12ハロアルキル、C1-C12アルコキシ、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-S(=O)2R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-O(CR6R7)n-ORc、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-C(=NRc)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであるか、あるいは2つの隣接するR2は、それらが結合している原子と共に一体となって、C3-C12シクロアルキルまたは3〜12員ヘテロシクロアルキル基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各々R3およびR4は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C12アルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(3〜12員複素環)、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-C(=NRc)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであり、ここで各々R3およびR4は、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各々R5は、独立して、H、C1-C12アルキル、C1-C12ハロアルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環または5〜12員ヘテロアリールであり、ここで各々R5は、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各々R6およびR7は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C12アルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環または5〜12員ヘテロアリールであるか、あるいはR6およびR7は、それらが結合している炭素原子と共に一体となって、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環または5〜12員ヘテロアリール基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、独立して、1、2、3、4または5つのR8基により所望により置換されていてもよく;
各R8は、独立して、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、NO2、N3、C1-C12アルキル、C2-C12アルケニル、C2-C12アルキニル、C3-C12シクロアルキル、C6-C12アリール、3〜12員複素環、5〜12員ヘテロアリール、NH2、-NH(C1-C12アルキル)、-NH(CH2)n-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)、-NH(CH2)n-(C6-C12アリール)、-NH(CH2)n-(3〜12員複素環)、-NH(CH2)n-(5〜12員ヘテロアリール)、-N(C1-C12アルキル)2、-N[(CH2)n-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(C6-C12アリール)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(3〜12員複素環)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(5〜12員ヘテロアリール)]2、OH、-O(C1-C12アルキル)、-O(CH2)n-(C3-C12シクロアルキル)、-O(CH2)n-(C6-C12アリール)、-O(CH2)n-(3〜12員複素環)または-O(CH2)n-(5〜12員ヘテロアリール)であり;
各々Ra、RbおよびRcは、独立して、H、C1-C6アルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(C3-C6シクロアルキル)、3〜6員複素環、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(3〜6員複素環)、C6-C10アリール、-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(C6-C10アリール)、5〜10員ヘテロアリールまたは-(C1-C4アルキレン)-(5〜10員ヘテロアリール)であるか、あるいはRaおよびRbは、それらが結合している窒素原子と共に一体となって、3〜8員複素環基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、所望により、独立して、F、Cl、Br、CN、N3、OH、NH2、C1-C6アルキル、C1-C6ハロアルキル、C1-C6アルコキシおよびC1-C6アルキルアミノから独立して選択される1、2、3または4つの置換基により置換されていてもよい;
各々mは、独立して、1または2であり;および
各々nは、独立して、0、1、2、3または4である]
の化合物、あるいはその立体異性体、互変異生体、N-オキシド、溶媒和物、代謝物、医薬的に許容される塩またはプロドラッグ。 - Zが、C8-C11スピロビシクロアルキル、C8-C10縮合ビシクロアルキル、8〜11員スピロヘテロビサイクリルまたは8〜10員縮合ヘテロビシクロアルキルであり、Zは、所望により、1、2、3または4つのR2基により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- Z1が、H、C1-C6アルキル、C3-C6シクロアルキルまたは3〜6員複素環であり、Z1は、所望により、1、2または3つのR3基により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- R1が、H、F、Cl、CN、N3、C1-C6アルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C1-C6ハロアルキル、C1-C6アルコキシル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、3〜6員複素環、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRbまたは-S(=O)2NRaRbであり、R1は、所望により、1、2または3つのR8基により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 各R2が、独立して、H、F、Cl、CN、N3、NO2、OH、NH2、-C(=O)CH2CN、C1-C6アルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C1-C6ハロアルキル、C1-C6アルコキシ、C3-C6シクロアルキル、フェニル、3〜6員複素環、5〜6員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-S(=O)2R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-O(CR6R7)n-ORc、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)C(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであるか、あるいは2つの隣接するR2は、それらが結合している原子と共に一体となって、C3-C6シクロアルキルまたは3〜6員ヘテロシクロアルキル基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、所望により、独立して、1、2または3つのR8基により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 各々R3およびR4が、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、N3、CN、C1-C6アルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、-(C1-C2アルキレン)-(C3-C6シクロアルキル)、フェニル、3〜6員複素環、-(C1-C2アルキレン)-(3〜6員複素環)、5〜6員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-OC(=O)R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)ORc、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであり、各R3およびR4は、独立して、1、2または3つのR8基により、所望により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 各R5が、独立して、H、C1-C6アルキル、C1-C6ハロアルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、フェニル、3〜6員複素環または5〜6員ヘテロアリールであり、ここで各R5は、独立して、1、2または3つのR8基により、所望により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 各々R6およびR7は、独立して、H、F、Cl、Br、I、CN、N3、NO2、C1-C6アルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、フェニル、3〜6員複素環または5〜6員ヘテロアリールであるか、あるいはR6およびR7は、それらが結合している炭素原子と共に一体となって、C3-C6シクロアルキル、フェニル、3〜6員複素環または5〜6員ヘテロアリール基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、独立して、1、2または3つのR8基により、所望により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 各R8は、独立して、F、Cl、CN、N3、C1-C6アルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、フェニル、3〜6員複素環、5〜6員ヘテロアリール、NH2、-NH(C1-C6アルキル)、-NH(CH2)n-(C3-C6シクロアルキル)、-NH(CH2)n-フェニル、-NH(CH2)n-(3〜6員複素環)、-NH(CH2)n-(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)、-N(C1-C4アルキル)2、-N[(CH2)n-(C3-C6シクロアルキル)]2、-N[(CH2)n-フェニル]2、-N[(CH2)n-(3〜6員複素環)]2、-N[(CH2)n-(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)]2、OH、-O(C1-C6アルキル)、-O(CH2)n-(C3-C6シクロアルキル)、-O(CH2)n-フェニル、-O(CH2)n-(3〜6員複素環)または-O(CH2)n-(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)である、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 各々Ra、RbおよびRcは、独立して、H、C1-C4アルキル、C2-C4アルケニル、C2-C4アルキニル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、-(C1-C2アルキレン)-(C3-C6シクロアルキル)、3〜6員複素環、-(C1-C2アルキレン)-(3〜6員複素環)、フェニル、-(C1-C2アルキレン)-フェニル、5〜6員ヘテロアリールまたは-(C1-C2アルキレン)-(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)であるか、あるいはRaおよびRbは、それらが結合している窒素原子と共に一体となって、3〜6員複素環基を形成しており、ここで上記置換基の各々は、独立して、F、Cl、CN、N3、OH、NH2、C1-C4アルキル、C1-C4ハロアルキル、C1-C4アルコキシおよびC1-C4アルキルアミノから独立して選択される1、2または3つの置換基により所望により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- Z1が、H、メチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピルまたはシクロプロピルである、請求項1記載の化合物。
- R1が、H、F、Cl、CN、N3、C1-C4アルキル、C2-C4アルケニル、C2-C4アルキニル、C1-C4ハロアルキル、C1-C4アルコキシル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、3〜6員複素環、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRbまたは-S(=O)2NRaRbであって、ここでR1は、所望により、1、2または3つのR8基により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 各R2は、独立して、H、F、Cl、CN、N3、NO2、OH、NH2、-C(=O)CH2CN、C1-C4アルキル、C2-C4アルケニル、C2-C4アルキニル、C1-C4ハロアルキル、C1-C4アルコキシ、C3-C6シクロアルキル、フェニル、3〜6員複素環、5〜6員ヘテロアリール、-(CR6R7)n-ORc、-(CR6R7)n-NRaRb、-C(=O)R5、-S(=O)2R5、-O(CR6R7)n-R5、-O(CR6R7)n-ORc、-N(Rc)C(=O)R5、-(CR6R7)nC(=O)NRaRb、-N(Rc)S(=O)mR5または-S(=O)2NRaRbであって、ここで各R2は、所望により、1、2または3つのR8基により独立して置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 各R5は、独立して、H、C1-C4アルキル、C1-C4ハロアルキル、C2-C4アルケニル、C2-C4アルキニル、C3-C6シクロアルキル、フェニル、3〜6員複素環または5〜6員ヘテロアリールであり、各R5は、所望により、独立して、1、2または3つのR8基により置換されていてもよい、請求項1記載の化合物。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物、ならびに医薬的に許容される賦形剤、担体、アジュバンド、ビヒクルまたはそれらの組合せのいずれか1つを含む、医薬組成物。
- 化学療法剤、抗増殖剤、ホスホジエステラーゼ4(PDE4)阻害剤、β2-アドレナリン作動受容体アゴニスト、コルチコステロイド、非ステロイドGRアゴニスト、抗コリン剤、抗ヒスタミン剤、抗炎症剤、免疫抑制剤、免疫修飾因子、アテローム性動脈硬化症治療剤、肺線維症治療剤およびその組合せからなる群から選択される治療薬を更に含む、請求項18記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物または請求項18〜19のいずれか1項記載の医薬組成物を、患者に投与することにより、患者におけるタンパク質キナーゼ介在性疾患の重症度を予防、治療または緩和する方法。
- タンパク質キナーゼ介在性疾患が、JAK-介在性疾患、FLT3-介在性疾患、オーロラ-介在性疾患、増殖性疾患、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、炎症性疾患、移植拒絶反応、癌、真性赤血球増加症、本態性血小板増加症、骨髄線維症、慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)、急性骨髄性白血病(AML)、急性リンパ性白血病(ALL)、慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)、喘息、全身性紅斑性狼瘡、皮膚紅斑性狼瘡、ループス腎炎、皮膚筋炎、シェーグレン症候群、乾癬、I型糖尿病、アレルギー性気道疾患、副鼻腔炎、湿疹、蕁麻疹、食品アレルギー、昆虫毒アレルギー、炎症性腸症候群、クローン病疾患、関節リウマチ、若年性関節炎、乾癬性関節炎、臓器移植拒絶反応、組織移植拒絶反応または細胞移植拒絶反応である、請求項20記載の方法。
- 患者におけるタンパク質キナーゼ介在性疾患の重症度を予防、治療または緩和する際に使用するための、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物または請求項18〜19のいずれか1項記載の医薬組成物。
- タンパク質キナーゼ介在性疾患が、JAK-介在性疾患、FLT3-介在性疾患、オーロラ-介在性疾患、増殖性疾患、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、炎症性疾患、移植拒絶反応、癌、真性赤血球増加症、本態性血小板増加症、骨髄線維症、慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)、急性骨髄性白血病(AML)、急性リンパ性白血病(ALL)、慢性の閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)、喘息、全身性紅斑性狼瘡、皮膚紅斑性狼瘡、ループス腎炎、皮膚筋炎、シェーグレン症候群、乾癬、I型糖尿病、アレルギー性気道疾患、副鼻腔炎、湿疹、蕁麻疹、食品アレルギー、昆虫毒アレルギー、炎症性腸症候群、クローン病疾患、関節リウマチ、若年性関節炎、乾癬性関節炎、臓器移植拒絶反応、組織移植拒絶反応または細胞移植拒絶反応である、請求項22記載の化合物または医薬組成物。
- タンパク質キナーゼ介在性疾患を予防または治療するための医薬品製造における、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物または請求項18〜19のいずれか1項記載の医薬組成物の使用。
- タンパク質キナーゼ介在性疾患は、JAK-介在性疾患、FLT3-介在性疾患、オーロラ-介在性疾患、増殖性疾患、自己免疫疾患、アレルギー性疾患、炎症性疾患、移植拒絶反応、癌、真性赤血球増加症、本態性血小板増加症、骨髄線維症、慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)、急性骨髄性白血病(AML)、急性リンパ性白血病(ALL)、慢性の閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)、喘息、全身性および皮膚紅斑性狼瘡、ループス腎炎、皮膚筋炎、シェーグレン症候群、乾癬、I型糖尿病、アレルギー性気道疾患、副鼻腔炎、湿疹、蕁麻疹、食品アレルギー、昆虫毒アレルギー、炎症性腸症候群、クローン病疾患、関節リウマチ、若年性関節炎、乾癬性関節炎、臓器移植拒絶反応、組織移植拒絶反応または細胞移植拒絶反応である、請求項24記載の化合物または医薬組成物の使用。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物、あるいは請求項18または19記載の医薬組成物を用いて、タンパク質キナーゼの活性を調節する方法。
- タンパク質キナーゼが、JAKキナーゼ、FLT3キナーゼ、オーロラキナーゼまたはその組合せである、請求項26記載の方法。
- タンパク質キナーゼの活性を調節するための医薬品製造における、請求項1〜17項のいずれか1項記載の化合物あるいは請求項18または19項のいずれか1項記載の医薬組成物の使用。
- タンパク質キナーゼが、JAKキナーゼ、FLT3キナーゼ、オーロラキナーゼまたはその組み合わせである、請求項28記載の化合物または医薬組成物の使用。
- タンパク質キナーゼの活性を調節する際に使用するための、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項記載の化合物または請求項18または19のいずれか1項記載の医薬組成物。
- タンパク質キナーゼが、JAKキナーゼ、FLT3キナーゼ、オーロラキナーゼまたはその組合せである、請求項30記載の化合物または医薬組成物。
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EP3122728A4 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
WO2015148869A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
JP6517319B2 (ja) | 2019-05-22 |
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WO2015148868A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
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MX2016012574A (es) | 2017-09-26 |
EP3327006A1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
CA2943979A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
EP3122729A4 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
JP6538148B2 (ja) | 2019-07-03 |
JP2017510644A (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
US20150274747A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
EP3122729A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
US9403801B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
EP3327006B1 (en) | 2020-05-20 |
AU2015235880A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
AU2015235880B2 (en) | 2018-11-01 |
EP3312164A1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
JP6517318B2 (ja) | 2019-05-22 |
EP3122728A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
US20150274705A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
EP3312164B1 (en) | 2020-12-09 |
JP2017510642A (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
EP3122730B1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
EP3122730A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
EP3122730A4 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
US9394281B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 |
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