JP2017510639A - レット症候群の治療 - Google Patents
レット症候群の治療 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017510639A JP2017510639A JP2017502767A JP2017502767A JP2017510639A JP 2017510639 A JP2017510639 A JP 2017510639A JP 2017502767 A JP2017502767 A JP 2017502767A JP 2017502767 A JP2017502767 A JP 2017502767A JP 2017510639 A JP2017510639 A JP 2017510639A
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- carbamate
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Abstract
Description
RTTは複雑な表現型及び特有の症状の発症を有する。通常、レット症候群の女児は、正常妊娠後、周産期の問題は殆ど報告されず、正常な期間で出産される。女児は退化時期が後続する生後6ケ月の間は比較的正常に成長する。一般にこの女児は、取得した手の技能と、話し言葉の喪失と、時には引きこもり又は自閉症に類似する極端な刺激感応性とを伴って、通常は6ケ月から2歳の間で発症する神経学的退化を医師に示す。退化後、擬安定段階があり、この段階で繰り返される手の動き(常同行動)等のRTTの特徴が度々出現する。
呼吸の異常がRTTには共通している。呼吸器の異常は強制的な呼吸(過換気)の期間、呼吸の一時停止及び異常な心肺カップリングを含み、これらの症状は睡眠中よりも覚醒時により深刻であり、興奮やストレスと共に誇張されることがある。RTTでの死亡の1/4は突発的であり呼吸機能不全に関連していることがある。
ガラタミンは以下の構造を有する。
特許文献1はアルツハイマー病の治療におけるガランタミン、既知のコリンエステラーゼ阻害剤の使用を記載している。特許文献2は、同様の目的のためにガランタミン及びリコラミンの類似体の使用を記載している。特許文献3は、ニコチン性受容体の調節と、アルツハイマー病及びパーキンソン病の進行の治療及び遅延と、神経変性疾患に対する神経保護とに関して、ガラタミン及びリコラミンの類似体の効果を説明している。これらの特許の付与時点で、アルツハイマー病は、認知症によって明らかになり、その根本的な原因が理解され始めた状態であることが理解される。これら従来の特許に記載の治療は、認知症に関わる要因に対処している。すなわち、そのアステリック調節によって、アセチルコリンエステラーゼの作用により生じる神経伝達物質アセチルコリンの利用可能性の低下並びに機能を向上させるためのアステリック調整によるニコチン性受容体の間接的な刺激を制限するように、アセチルコリンエステラーゼの活性を低減する。
レット症候群患者の治療方法であって、
ヒドロキシ基がカルバメート基、カーボネート基又はエステル基により置換され、メトキシ基が2〜6個の炭素原子の別のアルコキシ基、ヒドロキシ基、水素、アルカノイルオキシ基、2〜10個の炭素原子、ベンゾイルオキシ基、置換ベンゾイルオキシ基、1〜10個の炭素原子のカーボネート基、あるいはアルキル基又はアリール基が1〜10個の炭素を含むモノアルキルカルバメート、ジアルキルカルバメート又はアリールカルバメート等のカルバメート基により任意に置換され、N−メチル基が水素、1〜10個の炭素原子のアリール基、ベンジル基、シクロプロピルメチル基、あるいは置換又は未置換のベンゾイルオキシ基により任意に置換されるガランタミン類似体の治療的に効果的な投与量を必要とする患者に投与する投与ステップを含む。
本発明の治療における使用に適した組成物は、典型的には、化合物の活性及び半減期に依存する活性化合物を0.1〜40mg含有する錠剤、カプセル剤又はロゼンジ等の経口投与に適する。ブチルカルバメートを使用する組成物は、典型的には、例えば投与量当たり1〜10mg、2〜25mg又は5〜40mの範囲を含むだろう。
歩行運動及び微細運動の動きは、試験薬の投与量のいずれでも大きく変更されなかった。Mecp2の雄の歩行運動が野生型マウスに比べかなり低下することを以前に示した(Schaevitz他 2013)。Mecp2の雌でも野生型よりはかなり低かったが、低下はより軽度であった。薬剤(0.1〜20mg/kgの腹腔内投与又は強制経口投与)の投与量は、雄と雌のMecp2マウスのいずれにおいても運動活性を損なわなかった。また、薬剤の同一の投与量及び投与経路は呼吸活動に影響を及ぼさなかった。従って、薬物は、雄と雌のMecp2マウス並びに対照例において、0.1〜20mg/kgの投与量で安全であり許容された。
1)Mecp2の雌(賦形剤投与)はタスク上のWT対照例よりも大きく悪化した行為を示すか。
Mecp2 83% 17%
WT 33% 67%
野生型マウスはNORタスクを学習したが、Mecp2マウスは本タスクを学習しなかった[カイ2乗、(df=1、N=12)=6.75、p=0.0094]。
2)ガランタミンのn−ブチルカルバメートはタスク上のMecp2マウスの行為を改善するか。
Mecp2 83% 17%
(賦形剤)
Mecp2 65% 35%
(薬物)
Claims (9)
- レット症候群患者の治療方法であって、
ヒドロキシ基がカルバメート基、カーボネート基又はエステル基により置換され、メトキシ基が2〜6個の炭素原子の別のアルコキシ基、ヒドロキシ基、水素、アルカノイルオキシ基、2〜10個の炭素原子、ベンゾイルオキシ基、置換ベンゾイルオキシ基、1〜10個の炭素原子のカーボネート基、あるいはアルキル基又はアリール基が1〜10個の炭素を含むモノアルキルカルバメート、ジアルキルカルバメート又はアリールカルバメート等のカルバメート基により任意に置換され、N−メチル基が水素、1〜10個の炭素原子のアリール基、ベンジル基、シクロプロピルメチル基、あるいは置換又は未置換のベンゾイルオキシ基により任意に置換されるガランタミン類似体の治療的に効果的な投与量を必要とする患者に投与する投与ステップを含む治療方法。 - ガランタミンのヒドロキシル基は、アルカノイルオキシ基、2〜10個の炭素原子、ベンゾイルオキシ基、置換ベンゾイルオキシ基、1〜10個の炭素原子のカーボネート基、あるいはアルキル基又はアリール基が1〜10個の炭素を含むモノアルキルカルバメート、ジアルキルカルバメート又はアリールカルバメート等のカルバメート基により置換される請求項1に記載の治療方法。
- ガランタミンのヒドロキシ基は、2〜8個の炭素原子のモノアルキルカルバメート基により置換される請求項1に記載の治療方法。
- ガランタミンのヒドロキシ基は、n−ブチルカルバメート基により置換される請求項3に記載の治療方法。
- ガランタミンのメトキシ基及びメチル基は変更されない請求項1に記載の治療方法。
- ガランタミンのメトキシ基及びメチル基は変更されない請求項4に記載の治療方法。
- ガランタミン類似体の投与量は0.2〜100mgである請求項1に記載の治療方法。
- n−ブチルカルバメートは、投与量当たり1〜10mg、2〜25mg又は5〜40mgの投与量で投与される請求項4に記載の治療方法。
- ガランタミン類似体は、ガランタミン類似体の粒子が胃液に溶解する薬学的に許容されるポリマーでコーティングすることにより血流への放出を遅延するようにコーティングされた経口剤形として投与される請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の治療方法。
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