JP6796056B2 - 自閉症の治療 - Google Patents
自閉症の治療 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6796056B2 JP6796056B2 JP2017502768A JP2017502768A JP6796056B2 JP 6796056 B2 JP6796056 B2 JP 6796056B2 JP 2017502768 A JP2017502768 A JP 2017502768A JP 2017502768 A JP2017502768 A JP 2017502768A JP 6796056 B2 JP6796056 B2 JP 6796056B2
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- galantamine
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- LYTCVQQGCSNFJU-LKGYBJPKSA-N α-bungarotoxin Chemical compound C(/[C@H]1O[C@H]2C[C@H]3O[C@@H](CC(=C)C=O)C[C@H](O)[C@]3(C)O[C@@H]2C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C2)=C/C[C@]1(C)O[C@H]1[C@@]2(C)O[C@]2(C)CC[C@@H]3O[C@@H]4C[C@]5(C)O[C@@H]6C(C)=CC(=O)O[C@H]6C[C@H]5O[C@H]4C[C@@H](C)[C@H]3O[C@H]2C1 LYTCVQQGCSNFJU-LKGYBJPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D491/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00
- C07D491/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D459/00, C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D489/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D491/06—Peri-condensed systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
- A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/5026—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
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Description
ガラタミンは、軽度から中程度のアルツハイマー病の患者の治療に認証されている。その母集団における増加した死亡率のため、軽度の認知障害において使用することは推奨されていない。
自閉症スペクトラム障害患者の治療方法であって、
ヒドロキシ基がカルバメート基、カーボネート基又はエステル基により置換され、メトキシ基が2〜6個の炭素原子の別のアルコキシ基、ヒドロキシ基、水素、アルカノイルオキシ基、2〜10個の炭素原子、ベンゾイルオキシ基、置換ベンゾイルオキシ基、1〜10個の炭素原子のカーボネート基、あるいはアルキル基又はアリール基が1〜10個の炭素を含むモノアルキルカルバメート、ジアルキルカルバメート又はアリールカルバメート等のカルバメート基により任意に置換され、N−メチル基が水素、1〜10個の炭素原子のアリール基、ベンジル基、シクロプロピルメチル基、あるいは置換又は未置換のベンゾイルオキシ基により任意に置換されるガランタミン類似体の治療的に効果的な投与量を必要とする患者に投与するステップを含む。
ガランタミンのn−ブチルカルバメートのIC50は、ガランタミンの3.97x10-7Mと比較すると10.9x10−7Mである。
肝ミクロソームのインビトロ製造において、ガランタミンのn−ブチルカルバメートの半減期は60分より長かった。
ガランタミンのn−ブチルカルバメートは、マウス血漿において2時間を超える間安定している。2時間での濃度は、ヒトの患者において約7時間の血漿内半減期を有するガランタミンの濃度より僅かに低い。
本明細書の背景技術において示したように、Mecp2の効果の減少が自閉症スペクトラム障害においてより広範に報告されている。従って、Mecp2遺伝子に突然変異を有する動物が、より広範な自閉症スペクトラム群に存在する欠損をモデル化するために選択された。
歩行運動及び微細運動の動きは、試験薬の投与量のいずれでも大きく変更されなかった。Mecp2の雄の歩行運動が野生型マウスに比べかなり低下することを以前に示した(Schaevitz他 2013)。Mecp2の雌でも野生型よりはかなり低かったが、低下はより軽度であった。薬剤(0.1〜20mg/kgの腹腔内投与又は強制経口投与)の投与量は、雄と雌のMecp2マウスのいずれにおいても運動活性を損なわなかった。また、薬剤の同一の投与量及び投与経路は呼吸活動に影響を及ぼさなかった。従って、薬物は、雄と雌のMecp2マウス並びに対照例において、0.1〜20mg/kgの投与量で安全であり許容された。
1)Mecp2の雌(賦形剤投与)はタスク上のWT対照例よりも大きく悪化した行為を示すか。
Mecp2 83% 17%
WT 33% 67%
野生型マウスはNORタスクを学習したが、Mecp2マウスは本タスクを学習しなかった[カイ2乗、(df=1、N=12)=6.75、p=0.0094]。
2)ガランタミンのn−ブチルカルバメートはタスク上のMecp2マウスの行為を改善するか。
Mecp2 83% 17%
(賦形剤)
Mecp2 65% 35%
(薬物)
Claims (6)
- ガランタミン誘導体を含む、自閉症スペクトラム障害を治療するための治療薬であって、
前記ガランタミン誘導体は、
ガランタミンのヒドロキシ基が、炭素数2〜8のモノアルキルカルバメート基により置換され、
前記ガランタミンのメトキシ基が、変更されないか、または、アルコキシ基またはヒドロキシ基により置換され、
前記ガランタミンのN−メチル基が、変更されないか、または、水素により置換されたものである治療薬。 - 前記ガランタミン誘導体は、
前記ガランタミンのヒドロキシ基が、n−ブチルカルバメート基により置換されたガランタミンのn−ブチルカルバメート誘導体である請求項1に記載の治療薬。 - 前記ガランタミン誘導体は、前記ガランタミンのメトキシ基及びN−メチル基が変更されない請求項2に記載の治療薬。
- 前記ガランタミン誘導体を1回分の投与量として0.2〜100mg含む請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の治療薬。
- 前記ガランタミン誘導体を1回分の投与量として1〜10mg、2〜25mg又は5〜40mg含む請求項2または3に記載の治療薬。
- 前記ガランタミン誘導体の粒子が胃液に溶解する薬学的に許容されるポリマーでコーティングされることにより血流への放出が遅延されるようにコーティングされた経口剤形である請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の治療薬。
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