JP2017203337A - Rooftop waterproof construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rooftop waterproof construction method which can be conducted without damaging a skeleton.SOLUTION: A rooftop waterproof construction method that forms a new waterproof layer by covering an existing waterproof layer 2 or a heat insulation layer on a roof floor of a building with a new waterproof sheet 4 comprises: a removal step of removing a prescribed construction part in an existing waterproof layer or a heat insulation layer and exposing a base; a fixing means installation step of installing fixing means 5 for fixing the new waterproof sheet, in the exposed base by a fixing method using adhesion; a step of refilling a place around the fixing means where the existing waterproof layer or the heat insulation layer is removed; and a new waterproof sheet installation step of covering the existing waterproof layer or the heat insulation layer with the new waterproof sheet and fixing the new waterproof sheet to the fixing means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a rooftop waterproofing construction method in which when a rooftop exposed waterproofing layer is repaired, a waterproofing layer is newly constructed while keeping the existing waterproofing layer intact.

  Conventionally, when repairing an exposed waterproof layer, there are a method of removing the existing waterproof layer and constructing a new waterproof layer, and a method of constructing a new waterproof layer as it is without removing the existing waterproof layer. .

  There are various types of waterproofing layers, such as asphalt waterproofing, urethane waterproofing, polymer sheet waterproofing, etc., but there are non-mechanical fixing methods using adhesives and mechanical fixing methods (for example, patents) It is roughly divided into the literature 1).

  The fixing method using an adhesive largely depends on the performance of the adhesive. Due to the characteristics, the reaction time and drying time of the adhesive until the strength is obtained are required, and it is difficult to obtain a desired strength immediately.

  On the other hand, with the mechanical fixing method, it is possible to obtain the desired strength immediately, but since fixing to the housing with a screw or the like, problems such as damage to the housing, noise during construction, vibration, etc. there were.

  Further, depending on the type of base and the construction environment, the fixing method may be limited to any one of the fixing methods. As examples of foundations, most of the waterproofing methods for deck foundations (for example, corrugated or flat steel sheets that also serve as the formwork of steel-framed floor slabs) are mechanically waterproof. There are many fixing methods such as a fixing method, that is, a method of fixing by fastening a screw or a bolt to a base hole drilling portion via a fixing metal fitting.

  When renovating the waterproof layer on the deck base, the majority of the existing waterproof layer fixing methods are sheet waterproofing mechanical fixing methods, so the fixing position is shifted again from the existing waterproof layer, and mechanical fixing means are used. Fixing to the deck base is essential.

  The use of buildings with deck structures is mostly in factories and commercial facilities, but when fixed, due to the occurrence of metal powder, noise, etc., strict curing treatment on the indoor side is required, or facility operation You will be forced to suspend business.

  For the repair work by mechanical fixing method to the RC base, there are many methods of fixing the existing waterproof layer by mechanical fixing means. However, avoiding the existing mechanical fixing part, each time, screw etc. Therefore, damage to the housing increases.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, Patent Document 2 discloses that a flat new waterproof is provided by laying exterior sheet materials on an existing waterproof layer, covering the exterior sheet material with a waterproof sheet, and covering the waterproof sheet. In a rooftop waterproof construction method for forming a layer, a predetermined construction site of an existing waterproof layer is removed to expose the base, and an exterior board material laid on the existing waterproof layer is connected to the exposed base and tightened and fixed. A rooftop waterproofing construction method in which a fastening type fixing means is installed is disclosed.

  In the rooftop waterproofing construction method shown in Patent Document 2, the horizontal force applied to the waterproof sheet is reduced by laying an exterior plate material on the existing waterproof layer for the sheet bulging by the wind. However, there is a problem that the load applied to the roof increases by laying the exterior plate material.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-151574 JP 2012-031567 A

  For example, when a waterproof layer is newly constructed, the present invention can be constructed without damaging the housing as in the mechanical fixing method, and the initial strength equivalent to the mechanical fixing method can be obtained and the load applied to the roof can be reduced. Provide rooftop waterproofing construction method that reduces.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the roof waterproof construction method of the present invention is a roof waterproof construction method in which a new waterproof sheet is further formed on the existing waterproof layer or heat insulating layer on the building roof by covering with a new waterproof sheet. , A removal step of removing a predetermined construction site of the existing waterproof layer or heat insulating layer to expose the base, and a fixing means installation step of installing a fixing means for fixing the new waterproof sheet to the exposed base by a fixing method by adhesion And a step of refilling the removed portion of the existing waterproof layer or heat insulating layer around the fixing means, and covering the existing waterproof layer or heat insulating layer with a new waterproof sheet and fixing the new waterproof sheet to the fixing means. A sheet installation step.

  According to the present invention, when a new waterproof layer is to be constructed without changing the existing waterproof layer, in order to fix a new waterproof sheet, a fixing means installed on the base is adopted by a fixing method by adhesion. . Therefore, the casing is not damaged, and noise, swarf and metal powder are not generated. Therefore, it is possible to proceed with the renovation work without interrupting the use of the indoor facility, leading to work efficiency and shortening the work period. Further, since the new waterproof sheet is fixed by the fixing means without laying the exterior plate material, the new waterproof layer can be formed while reducing the load on the roof.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows an example of the roof structure at the time of performing a waterproofing process with the roof waterproofing construction method concerning embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the principal part of the roof structure which performed the waterproof process by the roof waterproofing construction method concerning embodiment of this invention, and the roof structure. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the clamping type fixing means used for the roof waterproofing construction method shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the base | substrate side fixing member of the clamping type fixing means used for the roof waterproofing construction method shown in FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view of the clamping type fixing means taken along line III-III in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of a clamping type fixing means. It is process explanatory drawing for demonstrating the existing waterproofing layer removal process in the rooftop waterproofing construction method construction method concerning embodiment of this invention. It is process explanatory drawing for demonstrating the installation process of the foundation | substrate side fixing member of the clamping type fixing means which fixes a foundation | substrate side fixing member by adhesion | attachment in the roof waterproofing construction method concerning embodiment of this invention. It is process explanatory drawing for demonstrating the process of refilling the removal location of the existing waterproof layer in the rooftop waterproofing construction method concerning embodiment of this invention. It is process explanatory drawing for demonstrating the process of installing the sheet | seat side fixing member of a fastening type fixing means in the roof waterproofing construction method concerning embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the case where a new waterproof layer is installed with the roof waterproofing construction method concerning embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a roof waterproofing construction method for waterproofing a roof structure according to the present embodiment will be described based on the attached drawings.

  In the roof waterproof construction method of the present embodiment, the waterproof treatment target is a steel structure (S) roof structure. The object to be treated against waterproofing may be a so-called concrete structure such as a reinforced concrete structure (RC), a steel reinforced concrete structure (SRC), a concrete-filled steel pipe structure (CFT), or a reinforced concrete block structure (CB) roof structure. Good.

  That is, here, as shown in FIG. 1, as a rooftop structure, a deck foundation (corrugated thin steel plate is used as an example to form a steel floor slab formwork bridged on a steel beam that is a frame. It is assumed that the waterproof layer is coated on a floor material that may also be used as a deck material). The waterproof layer, that is, the existing waterproof layer 2 is formed by covering a heat insulating material 21 (also referred to as a heat insulating layer) made of hard polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam, and covering the heat insulating material 21 with a waterproof sheet 22 such as a vinyl chloride sheet. (See FIG. 2).

  The deck plate 1 is a corrugated thin steel plate as described above, and has a flat bottom valley portion 11 and a flat top peak portion 12 having a predetermined width, and heat insulation in the waterproof layer 2 on the peak portion 12. The material 21 is fixed by screws 3 which are machine fixing means. The screw 3 penetrates the heat insulating material 21 and the peak portion 12 of the deck plate 1 through a disk whose head is covered with resin. And after the heat insulating material 21 is fixed on the peak part 12 of the deck plate 1 with the screw | thread 3, it covers so that the waterproof sheet 22 may cover.

  On the existing waterproof layer 2 on the deck plate 1 as described above, in this embodiment, a new waterproof sheet 4 that covers the existing waterproof layer 2 constructed by a construction method described later is laminated.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 a, the fastening type fixing means 5 (an example of the fixing means) substantially includes a base side fixing member 51 and a sheet side fixing member 52.

  The base-side fixing member 51 includes a plate-like adhesive fixing base 51a and a connecting rod 51b that constitutes a tightening adjusting means standing on the adhesive fixing base 51a (see FIG. 3a). As will be described later, the adhesive fixing base 51 a is fixed to the peak portion 12 of the deck plate 1 with the adhesive 6. The adhesive fixing base 51a has an appropriate bottom surface area in order to obtain adhesive strength. Further, as shown in FIG. 3c, the connecting rod 51b is welded to the adhesive fixing base 51a, for example, by welding. The connecting rod 51b is internally threaded with an internal thread along the axial direction.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3a to 3b, four holes 51c are formed around the connecting rod 51b in the adhesive fixing base 51a. As shown in FIG. 2, the base-side fixing member 51 is fixed to the peak portion 12 of the deck plate 1 by the adhesive 6, but in order for the adhesive 6 to develop a necessary adhesive force, the adhesive 6 is bonded. It is necessary to spread and apply evenly on the back surface of the fixed base 51a. The operator can confirm that the adhesive 6 is uniformly applied to the back surface of the adhesive fixing base 51a by visually recognizing the adhesive 6 through the hole 51c.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3c, the seat-side fixing member 52 includes, for example, a disk-shaped top plate 52a and a bolt 52b that constitutes a tightening adjusting unit that hangs down along the central axis. ing. The bolt 52b is threaded with an external thread on the tip side so that it can be screwed into the connecting rod 51b constituting the tightening adjusting means and fastened.

  The top plate 52a is covered with a resin, and the new waterproof sheet 4 can be fixed by welding the resin.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the fastening type fixing means 5 clamps the adjacent waterproof layer 2 adjacent thereto and fixes the new waterproof sheet 4 by welding to the sheet side fixing member 52. As another fixing method, the bolt 52b of the seat side fixing member 52 is passed through the new waterproof sheet 4, and the new waterproof sheet 4 is pressed from the surface side (upper side) by the top plate 52a of the sheet side fixing member 52. The new waterproof sheet 4 may be fixed by the sheet-side fixing member 52.

  In this embodiment, the diameter R1 of the adhesive fixing base 51a is 60 mm, the diameter R2 of the connecting rod 51b is 15 mm, the height H is 20 mm, and the bottle diameter of the bolt 52b is M10 (see FIG. 3c). This is an example, and the respective dimensions may be changed according to the thickness of the existing waterproof layer and the required strength.

  Further, like the fastening type fixing means 5a shown in FIG. 3d, the connecting rod 51b may be fixed to the adhesive fixing base 51a by using a bolt 51d. When the connecting rod 51b is welded to the adhesive fixing base 51a, the allowable screwing depth D (see FIGS. 3c and 3d) is a range in which the bolt 52b can be screwed into the connecting rod 51b than when the connecting rod 51b is fastened with the bolt 51d. Can be made larger. Therefore, the fastening type fixing means 5 in which the connecting rod 51b is fixed by welding can cope with more existing waterproof layer thicknesses.

  Next, a rooftop waterproofing construction method for a rooftop structure in which a new waterproof sheet 4 is laminated and waterproofed on the existing waterproof layer 2 on the deck plate 1 will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 4a, the existing waterproofing layer 2 is removed on the basis of the construction drawing, and a removal process is performed to expose the base, that is, the peak 12 of the deck plate 1. In this case, the heat insulating material 21 and the waterproof sheet 22 of the existing waterproof layer 2 on the peak portion 12 of the deck plate 1 are removed so as to be hollowed out with an appropriate tool, and the peak portion 12 of the deck plate 1 is removed from the ground side fixing member 51. It is exposed in a slightly wider range than the adhesive fixing base 51a. Thereby, the location where the fastening type fixing means 5 should be installed is secured.

  Next, an installation process of a fastening type fixing means for fixing the base-side fixing member 51 is performed on the exposed base by bonding (see FIG. 4b). In this case, the adhesive 6 is applied to the exposed peak portion 12 of the deck plate 1 and the bottom surface of the adhesive fixing base 51a of the base side fixing member 51, and an appropriate pressing force is applied so that the bottom surface of the adhesive fixing base 51a is covered. Press against the exposed ground. Thereafter, the desired adhesive strength is obtained by maintaining for a predetermined time. As a result, the connecting rod 51b constituting the tightening adjusting means can be set up in the vertical direction at the center of the adhesive fixing base 51a.

  When the adhesive fixing base 51a of the base-side fixing member 51 is adhesively fixed to the exposed base, a step of backfilling the heat insulating material 21 on the adhesive fixing base 51a is performed (see FIG. 4c). The backfilling of the heat insulating material 21 may be performed by using the heat insulating material 21 of the removed waterproof layer 2 as it is or by using a new foamed urethane. In this case, the heat insulating material 21 is backfilled so that the connecting rod 51b constituting the tightening adjusting means at the center of the adhesive fixing base 51a can be accommodated.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4d, the top plate 52a of the sheet side fixing member 52 is disposed on the base side fixing member 51, and the bolts 52b are inserted from the center hole of the top plate 52a along the center axis. Then, by screwing the bolt 52b into the connecting rod 51b at the center of the adhesive fixing base 51a, the top plate 52a can be lowered toward the heat insulating material 21 and the existing waterproof sheet 22 to be fastened and fixed.

  At this time, the bolt 52b on the top plate 52a side is further tightened to adjust the top surface of the top plate 52a to the top surface of the existing waterproof sheet 22, so that the existing waterproof layer 2 and the fastening type fixing means 5 are fixed. You may eliminate the step.

  Cover the existing waterproof sheet 22 to cover the new waterproof sheet 4, and bond the top plate 52a and the new waterproof sheet 4 to form a new waterproof layer that is substantially flat as a whole, completing the waterproof construction process. (See FIG. 2). In addition, you may apply | coat a primer to the existing waterproof sheet 22 before covering the new waterproof sheet 4. FIG.

  In this embodiment, the new waterproof sheet 4 is fixed by the fastening-type fixing means 5 fixed to the base by adhesion. Therefore, there is a possibility that vertical force and horizontal force are applied to the fastening type fixing means 5 due to the swelling of the waterproof sheet 4 due to wind. A predetermined performance is required for the adhesive 6 for fixing the fastening type fixing means 5 to the ground so that the fastening type fixing means 5 can resist such vertical and horizontal forces. Specifically, (1) Excellent durability (design strength is based on 1 kN) (2) Hardening is rapid and develops at least 16h (from 4pm to 8am) (3) Roof It is necessary to satisfy the three performances of good adhesion to the oil surface on the deck.

In order to select an adhesive satisfying the above performance, the inventors conducted the following horizontal repeated load test using a plurality of commercially available acrylic adhesives and epoxy adhesives.
<Test equipment> Sercer (Shimadzu repeated fatigue tester)
<Test conditions> Load Repeat 5Hz 1kN⇔0kn in the horizontal direction 108,000 times.
As a result of the above test, when the acrylic adhesive was used for the repeated load, the acrylic adhesive which was a modified acrylic and contained a large amount of rubber cleared the horizontal repeated load test of 108,000 times. . When the epoxy adhesive was used, the epoxy adhesive which was an elastic epoxy and contained a large amount of rubber cleared the horizontal repeat load test of 108,000 times. From this test, the inventors say that it is effective that (1) modified acrylic, (2) the adhesive contains a large amount of rubber as an acrylic adhesive for fixing the fastening type fixing means 5. Obtained knowledge. In addition, the inventors have found that it is effective to use (1) an elastic epoxy as an epoxy adhesive for fixing the fastening type fixing means 5 and (2) to contain a large amount of rubber in the adhesive. Obtained.

The inventors further conducted the following durability test on the adhesive selected in the above test, and confirmed that it has sufficient durability performance.
<Test equipment> Autograph (manufactured by Shimadzu, universal tensile testing machine AG2000)
<Test conditions> Degradation conditions 80 ° C., water resistant 40 ° C. immersion Tensile speed 100 mm / min As a result of the above test, when the adhesive was applied with a mix nozzle, 3M degradation was achieved by applying the adhesive to the underlying adhesive surface. It was found to have a strength of 2 kN or higher, which is 200% of the design strength of 1 kN until later (water resistance 40 ° C., 80 ° C.).

Furthermore, the inventors have performed the following repeated fatigue tests on the fastening type fixing means 5 to evaluate the performance.
<Test equipment> Servo pulsar (Shimadzu repeated fatigue tester)
<Test conditions> Load Repeat 5Hz 1kN⇔0kn 108,000 times in the horizontal direction.
<Member> The case where the bolt size was M8 and M10, the case where the connecting rod and the adhesive fixing base were welded (see FIG. 3c), and the case where the bolt was fastened (see FIG. 3d) were prepared.
As a test result, when the bolt size of the bolt 52b was M10, the repeated fatigue test was cleared. In addition, the inventors conducted vertical and horizontal fatigue tests with this configuration, and confirmed that the tensile strength is 2 kN or more.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 d, the existing waterproof layer 2 is covered with the new waterproof sheet 4, but when installing the new waterproof layer, the roof waterproof construction method may be applied. . FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view when a new waterproof layer 2a is installed. When installing the new waterproof layer 2a, after arrange | positioning the heat insulating material 21a (heat insulating layer) to the deck plate 1, the predetermined construction site | part of the heat insulating material 21a is removed and the foundation | substrate is exposed (removal process). Then, the fastening type fixing means 5 is installed on the exposed peak portion 12 (base) of the deck plate 1 by a fixing method by adhesion (fixing means installation step). Thereafter, the portion where the heat insulating layer around the fastening type fixing means 5 is removed is backfilled. The new waterproof sheet 4a is covered on the heat insulating material 21a, and the new waterproof sheet 4a is fixed to the fastening type fixing means 5 (new waterproof sheet installing step). The method for fixing the new waterproof sheet 4a to the fastening type fixing means 5 is similar to the roof waterproofing method shown in FIG. It is fixed by welding. Alternatively, the bolt 52b of the seat-side fixing member 52 may be passed through the new waterproof sheet 4a, and the new waterproof sheet 4a may be pressed from the surface side (upper side) by the top plate 52a of the sheet-side fixing member 52. .

  When the new waterproof layer 2a is installed, a part of the heat insulating material 21a is removed in advance so that a part of the fastening type fixing means 5 can be inserted, and the fastening type fixing means 5 is fixed to the ground by a fixing method. You may arrange | position the heat insulating material 21a after installing. In this case, since the fastening type fixing means 5 is installed before the heat insulating material 21, the portion to be removed may be a size that allows the connecting rod 51b and the bolt 52b of the fastening type fixing means 5 to be inserted. The heat insulating material 21a is installed by inserting the connecting rod 51b of the fastening type fixing means 5 into the removed portion (heat insulating layer installing step). Thereafter, the new waterproof sheet 4 a is covered with the heat insulating material 21 a, and the new waterproof sheet 4 a is fixed to the fastening type fixing means 5.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the new waterproof sheets 4 and 4 a are fixed by the seat-side fixing member 52, but the new waterproof sheets 4 and 4 a are replaced with the existing waterproof layer 2 or the new waterproof layer 2. An adhesive may be applied and fixed to the heat insulating material 21a of the waterproof layer 2a. Moreover, you may fix the new waterproof sheet 4 and 4a by sticking the sheet | seat with an adhesive to the existing waterproof layer 2 or the heat insulating material 21a of the new waterproof layer 2a.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, when a new waterproof layer is newly constructed without changing the existing waterproof layer, a mechanical fixing method is used to fix the new waterproof sheet constituting the new waterproof layer. Is not adopted, so there will be no damage to the chassis, noise, swarf, metal powder, etc., and there is no need for strict curing treatment indoors. Moreover, since an exterior board | plate material is not laid, the load concerning a roof can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to proceed with the renovation work without interrupting the use of the indoor facility, which leads to work efficiency and shortening the work period.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Deck plate 11 Valley part 12 Mountain part 2 Existing waterproof layer 2a New waterproof layer 21, 21a Thermal insulation (heat insulation layer)
22 Waterproof sheet 3 Screw 4, 4a New waterproof sheet 5, 5a Clamping fixing means 51 Base side fixing member 51a Adhesive fixing base 51b Connecting rod 51c Hole 51d Bolt 52 Sheet side fixing member 52a Top plate 52b Bolt

Claims (9)

A roof waterproof construction method for forming a new waterproof layer by coating a new waterproof sheet on the existing waterproof layer or heat insulating layer on the building roof,
Removal step of removing the predetermined construction site of the existing waterproof layer or heat insulating layer to expose the base,
A fixing means installation step of installing a fixing means for fixing the novel waterproof sheet on the exposed base by a fixing method by adhesion;
Backfilling the removed portion of the existing waterproofing layer or heat insulating layer around the fixing means;
A new waterproof sheet installation step of covering the existing waterproof layer or the heat insulating layer with the new waterproof sheet and fixing the new waterproof sheet to the fixing means;
The roof waterproof construction method characterized by comprising. It is a rooftop waterproofing construction method in which a heat insulating layer is installed on the base of the building roof, and the waterproof layer is formed by covering the heat insulating layer with a new waterproof sheet,
A removal step of removing a part of the heat insulating layer in order to insert at least a part of a fixing means for fixing the waterproof sheet;
A fixing means installation step of installing the fixing means on the base by a fixing method by bonding;
Inserting at least a part of the fixing means into the removed part of the heat insulating layer, and installing the heat insulating layer,
A novel waterproof sheet installation step of covering the heat insulation layer with the novel waterproof sheet and fixing the novel waterproof sheet to the fixing means;
The roof waterproof construction method characterized by comprising.   The roof waterproofing construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixing method by bonding is a fixing method in which the fixing means is bonded to the base with an acrylic adhesive.   The roof waterproofing construction method according to claim 3, wherein the main component of the acrylic adhesive is modified acrylic.   The rooftop waterproofing construction method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the acrylic adhesive contains a rubber component.   The roof waterproofing construction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixing method by bonding is a fixing method in which the fixing means is bonded to the base with an epoxy adhesive.   The rooftop waterproofing construction method according to claim 6, wherein a main component of the epoxy adhesive is an elastic epoxy.   The rooftop waterproofing construction method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the epoxy adhesive includes a rubber component. The fixing means includes a base-side fixing member that adheres to the exposed base, and a sheet-side fixing member that connects to the base-side fixing member and adheres to the new waterproof sheet,
The base-side fixing member includes a plate-like adhesive fixing base, and a connecting rod that stands from the adhesive fixing base and is connected to the sheet-side fixing member,
The roof waterproofing construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the connecting rod is fixed to the adhesive fixing base by welding or bolts.

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