JP2017201120A - building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building having a hipped roof or polygonal roof capable of achieving an inclined roof on which a solar light utilization device is efficiently installed.SOLUTION: The building has a hipped roof or a polygonal roof in which plural inclination roof planes neighboring to each other via a corner ridge. The plural inclination roof plane includes: a first inclination roof plane; and a second inclination roof plane which does not abut on the first inclination roof plane via the corner ridge. The inclination of the first inclination roof plane is smaller than the inclination of the second inclination roof plane, and on the first inclination roof plane, a solar light utilization device is installed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to buildings.

  As a roof type of a building such as a house, a gable structure, a single-flow structure, a dormitory structure, a square structure, a main house structure, etc. are conventionally known. Moreover, in recent years, buildings using solar roofs such as solar cell panels on the roof surface to effectively use the roof surface are increasing. As this type of building, Patent Document 1 includes a main roof, and a solar roof is formed on one flat roof surface of two flat roof surfaces inclined downward from the main building roof. A building in which a battery panel is provided is disclosed.

JP 2011-179232 A

  By the way, as the roof form of the building, the main building structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a more complex hut structure than the gable structure, the single-flow structure, the dormitory structure, and the rectangular structure, and standardized members are used in the factory. It is difficult to apply to buildings such as industrialized houses that are manufactured, transported to the construction site, and assembled. In addition, the gable structure and single-flow structure can simplify the hut assembly compared to the main house structure, but the triangular outer wall is formed on the side of the wife. There is a problem that it is easy to conflict with the north side diagonal line restriction.

  On the other hand, since the height of the outer wall is constant in the dormitory structure and the rectangular structure, the type of the outer wall panel to be used can be suppressed, and the wall structure and the roof can be clearly separated. Therefore, the dormitory structure and the rectangular structure are roof types that can be easily applied to industrialized houses as compared to the above-described house building, gable structure, and single-flow structure.

  On the other hand, it is desirable to arrange as many solar panels as solar power devices as possible on the roof surface facing south, in terms of power generation efficiency (ratio of power generation to roof area). In the case of construction, there is a problem that power generation efficiency is inferior because the roof surface facing the south decreases.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the building provided with the dormitory structure or square structure roof which can install a sunlight utilization apparatus efficiently.

  The building according to the first aspect of the present invention is a building including a dormitory or square roof in which a plurality of sloped roof surfaces are adjacent via corner ridges, and the plurality of sloped roof surfaces are the first A sloped roof surface, and a second sloped roof surface that is not adjacent to the first sloped roof surface via the corner ridge, wherein the slope of the first sloped roof surface is greater than the slope of the second sloped roof surface The solar light utilization device is installed on the first slope roof surface.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that an indoor space on a floor directly below the roof that is located vertically below the first sloped roof surface communicates with a shed space.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, a position below the top of the roof formed by the intersection of the first slope roof surface and the second slope roof surface in the vertical direction is a floor directly below the roof. It is preferable that a hut back floor portion that partitions the indoor space and the shed space is formed.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of sloped roof surfaces include the first sloped roof surface and the third sloped roof surface adjacent to the second sloped roof surface via the corner ridge, and the third sloped roof surface. It is preferable that the slope of the slope roof surface is substantially equal to the slope of the second slope roof surface or larger than the slope of the second slope roof surface.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of slope roof surfaces include a fourth slope roof surface that is not adjacent to the third slope roof surface via the corner ridge, and the slope of the fourth slope roof surface is It is preferable that the slope of the third slope roof surface is substantially equal to or different from the slope of the third slope roof surface.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of sloped roof surfaces include the first sloped roof surface and the third sloped roof surface adjacent to the second sloped roof surface via the corner ridge, and the third sloped roof surface. It is preferable that the slope of the slope roof surface is substantially equal to the slope of the first slope roof surface.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that a slope of at least one slope roof surface among the plurality of slope roof surfaces is set to an angle corresponding to oblique line restriction.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that a lowering portion is continuous with a lower end of at least one of the plurality of sloped roof surfaces.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the slope of the downfall portion is smaller than the slope of the at least one sloped roof surface where the downfall portion is continuous.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, the slope of the downhill portion is substantially equal to the slope of the at least one sloped roof surface where the downfall portion is continuous, or the at least one of the downfall portions is continuous. It is preferable that the slope is larger than the slope of the sloped roof surface.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, the outer edge of the roof in plan view is preferably located inside the outer wall surface of the building.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, inside the outer wall surface in a plan view, at a position on the plurality of sloped roof surfaces or a position between the outer wall surface and the outer edge of the roof in a plan view, It is preferable that a rain gutter is provided.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, the roof is a dormitory structure in which the first slope roof surface and the second slope roof surface form a large ridge by a ridgeline where each other intersects vertically above, It is preferable that the ridged roof portion protrudes from at least one slope roof surface other than the first slope roof surface among the slope roof surfaces.

  As one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the at least one gradient roof surface on which the different roof portion protrudes has the largest gradient among the plurality of gradient roof surfaces.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a building provided with the dormitory structure or square structure roof which can install a solar-powered apparatus efficiently can be provided.

It is a perspective view which shows the building as one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the building shown in FIG. It is II sectional drawing of FIG. It is II-II sectional drawing of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the roof shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the roof shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the roof shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the gradient relationship of a gradient roof surface and a hanging down part. It is a figure which shows an example of the gradient relationship of a gradient roof surface and a hanging down part. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the position of the gutter shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the installation position of the gutter shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the roof shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the roof shed set shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the roof shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the roof shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the installation position of the gutter shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the ceiling surface of the 2nd floor indoor space located under the 1st gradient roof surface shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of a rain gutter. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the building shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the building shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a building according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common member and site | part in each figure.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a building 1 as an embodiment of a building according to the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the building 1 viewed from the southeast side, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the building 1 viewed from the northwest side. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a roof surface when the building 1 is viewed from above in the vertical direction. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

  First, an outline of the building 1 will be described. Building 1 is a two-story industrialized house having a steel frame, for example, and has a reinforced concrete foundation (not shown) and a frame structure composed of frame members such as columns and beams, And an upper structure 2 fixed to the foundation. The shaft members constituting the shaft frame structure are standardized (standardized) in advance, and are manufactured in advance at a factory and then brought into a building site for assembly. Moreover, the building 1 of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-4 has the south surface facing a road, and the north surface, the west surface, and the east surface are constructed adjacent to a neighbor.

  The foundation is located below the upper structure 2 and supports the upper structure 2. Specifically, the foundation is a cloth foundation having a T-shaped cross section, and includes a footing portion and a rising portion as a foundation beam. In addition, a column base fixing part is provided at the top end of the rising part of the foundation to fix the column base of the column of the frame frame by the exposed fixed column base method. The used anchor bolt protrudes from the top end of the rising portion toward the upper side in the vertical direction.

  In addition to the function of distributing the vertical load from the frame structure of the upper structure 2 to the ground, the foundation is composed of various members constituting the outer peripheral wall of the upper structure 2 and the floor of the upper structure 2 It also has a function of directly or indirectly supporting various members constituting the portion 4 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), various members constituting the roof 10 of the upper structure 2, and the like.

  The frame structure of the upper structure 2 includes a plurality of columns and a plurality of beams. The exterior material 3 (refer FIG. 1) etc. which comprise an outer peripheral wall are arrange | positioned at the outer peripheral part of a shaft frame structure. Further, a floor plate member or the like constituting the floor portion 4 is disposed in an interlayer portion of the shaft frame structure. Furthermore, the roof material 5 (refer FIG. 1) etc. which comprise the roof 10 are arrange | positioned at the upper part of a frame assembly.

  The outer peripheral wall of the building 1 includes at least an exterior material 3, a heat insulating material, and an interior material. A panel of lightweight foamed concrete (hereinafter referred to as “ALC”; “ALC” is an abbreviation of “autoclaved lightweight concrete”) can be used as the exterior material 3. It is also possible to use metallic or ceramic siding, extruded cement board, wood panel material, etc. The outer layer of the outer peripheral wall can be formed by connecting a plurality of exterior materials 3 together.

  Further, the heat insulating material is plate-shaped, and can be formed of a foamed resin material such as phenol foam, polystyrene foam, urethane foam, and the like, along the inner surface of the outer layer formed by the exterior material 3 described above. The heat insulation layer of an outer peripheral wall can be formed by connecting.

  Furthermore, for example, a gypsum board can be used as the interior material, and the inner layer of the outer peripheral wall can be formed by being connected to the inside of the heat insulating layer.

  The floor 4 of the building 1 includes a floor board member. The floor board member is installed between the beams of the shaft frame and is directly or indirectly supported by the beams. The floor board member can be composed of, for example, an ALC panel, but another member such as a folded board, an extruded cement board, or a wood panel material may be used. As the above-mentioned wood panel material, for example, a laminated material in which the fiber directions of the laminated boards are parallel, or an orthogonal laminated board (CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) which is alternately laminated so that the fiber directions of the laminated boards are orthogonal to each other. )). In addition to the floor plate member, the floor portion 4 is laminated on a ceiling interior material that constitutes a ceiling surface of a lower floor indoor space that is directly or indirectly attached to the floor plate member, or a floor support material, for example. Further, it may include floor interior materials such as flooring that constitute the floor surface of the upper floor indoor space.

  Hereinafter, the roof 10 of the building 1 will be described in detail. In addition, the roof 10 of this embodiment is a dormitory structure in which a plurality of sloped roof surfaces are adjacent to each other via the corner ridge 31 to form a large ridge 32 as a top portion. Hereinafter, an example of the dormitory roof 10 will be described.

  The dormitory roof 10 of the present embodiment is installed on a roof set, a base member (field board) attached on the roof set, a waterproof member laid on the base member, and the waterproof member. And a roof material 5 that forms a sloped roof surface exposed to the external space.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an outline of the roof set of the roof 10. As shown in FIG. 13, the roof assembly of the roof 10 forms the upper end of the shaft frame structure, and is formed above the outer peripheral beam 11 and the roof beam 12 that are axially assembled so that the height of the upper end surface is the same height. Has been. The outer peripheral beam 11 is a beam constituting the outer peripheral portion of the portion that is assembled so that the height of the upper end surface is aligned with the same height, and the height of the upper end surface is the same height as the roof beam 12. It is a beam that is installed between the outer peripheral beams 11 and is a portion that is assembled so as to be aligned with each other. The roof assembly of the roof 10 includes a plurality of bundle members 13 that are erected and attached to the roof beam 12, and a main beam 14 and a ridge beam 15 that are attached to the upper end of the bundle member 13.

  The master beam 15 forms a large ridge 32 as the top of the roof 10. Further, the main beam 14 is arranged at a fixed distance from the outer circumferential beam 11 toward the building beam 15 in plan view. The lower ends of the plurality of bundle members 13 are attached to predetermined positions of the roof beam 12 so that the upper ends thereof support the main beam 14 or the building beam 15. The outer peripheral beam 11 may be along the outer peripheral wall as in the present embodiment, or may be given a predetermined dimension outward from the outer peripheral wall. Further, in the present embodiment, the lower end of the gradient roof surface is along the outer circumferential beam 11, but as shown in FIG. The form which the lower end of the surface 21 follows may be sufficient. In this case, the flat roof 90 is formed in a region between the lower end of the sloped roof surface and the exterior material 3 on the outer peripheral wall.

  As a base member of the roof 10, for example, a plywood can be used. The base member is fastened to a rafter spanned over the outer circumferential beam 11, the main beam 14 and the building beam 15 (see FIG. 13) by a fastening member such as a screw. As the waterproof member of the roof 10, a sheet-like member such as a sheet-like asphalt roofing can be used. The waterproof member is fastened to the base member by a fastening member such as a screw. Furthermore, as the roofing material 5 of the roof 10, cement roof materials such as clay tiles and artificial slate, natural slate, metal roofing materials and the like can be used, and a plurality of roofing materials 5 are laid on the waterproof member. The The plurality of roofing materials 5 may be configured such that adjacent roofing materials 5 can be engaged with each other to position each other, and a base member or a hut assembly (see FIG. 13) can be formed by a fastening member such as a screw. The structure fastened with respect may be sufficient.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in the roof 10 of the present embodiment, four sloped roof surfaces formed by the roof material 5 are adjacent to each other via the corner ridge 31. Specifically, the four slope roof surfaces are constituted by a first slope roof surface 21, a second slope roof surface 22, a third slope roof surface 23, and a fourth slope roof surface 24. Here, each “gradient roof surface” means a flat roof surface having a substantially uniform inclination angle (an angle greater than 0 degrees) with respect to the horizontal direction. Further, the lower end in the vertical direction of the sloped roof surface (hereinafter simply referred to as “lower end”) is a horizontal virtual formed by the upper end of the outer peripheral beam 11 and the upper end of the roof beam 12 in the upper surface of the roof 10. It is defined as the part where the planes intersect. Specifically, in FIG. 2, the position where the horizontal virtual plane formed by the upper end of the outer peripheral beam 11 and the upper end of the roof beam 12 intersects the upper surface of the roof 10 is represented by an imaginary line L. Accordingly, each of the four sloped roof surfaces of the present embodiment means a region surrounded by the large ridge 32 as the top, the corner ridge 31, and the virtual line L in the plan view shown in FIG. . 2 overlaps with a virtual line connecting the lower ends 31a of the corner ridges 31 in a plan view.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first slope roof surface 21 is the slope roof surface having the largest area among the four slope roof surfaces. On the 1st slope roof surface 21, the solar cell panel which generate | occur | produces with sunlight as the sunlight utilization apparatus 40 is installed.

  The second gradient roof surface 22 is adjacent to the first gradient roof surface 21 via the large ridge 32 without being adjacent to the corner ridge 31. In other words, the roof 10 of this embodiment forms the large ridge 32 by the ridgeline where the first slope roof surface 21 and the second slope roof surface 22 intersect each other in the vertical direction.

  The third gradient roof surface 23 is adjacent to the first gradient roof surface 21 and the second gradient roof surface 22 via the corner building 31. Further, an end portion (hereinafter simply referred to as “upper end portion”) in the vertical direction of the third sloped roof surface 23 is continuous with one end portion in the extending direction of the main building 32.

  Similar to the third gradient roof surface 23, the fourth gradient roof surface 24 is adjacent to the first gradient roof surface 21 and the second gradient roof surface 22 via the corner building 31. Further, the fourth gradient roof surface 24 is not adjacent to the third gradient roof surface 23 via the corner building 31. Further, the upper end portion of the fourth sloped roof surface 24 is continuous with the other end portion in the extending direction of the main building 32.

  Here, the roof 10 has an eccentric berth structure in which the position of the main building 32 is eccentric. Furthermore, in the roof 10, the gradient of the 1st gradient roof surface 21 and the 2nd gradient roof surface 22 which are located on both sides across the large ridge 32 is different. Specifically, the gradient of the first gradient roof surface 21 is smaller than the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22. Furthermore, the height position of the lower end of the first gradient roof surface 21 is substantially the same position as the height position of the lower end portion of the second gradient roof surface 22. Therefore, the area of the first slope roof surface 21 is larger than the area of the second slope roof surface 22.

  By setting it as such a structure, the area of the 1st slope roof surface 21 can be ensured large compared with the 2nd slope roof surface 22, and the installation area of the solar cell panel as the solar energy utilization apparatus 40 is ensured largely. Can do. Therefore, such a first slope roof surface 21 is formed in an orientation in which the light receiving efficiency of sunlight is high and the reflected light of sunlight does not disturb the resident of the neighboring house. If it is set as the structure which arrange | positions the solar cell panel as the solar energy utilization apparatus 40, it will increase the power generation efficiency by expanding the installation area of the solar cell panel as the solar energy utilization apparatus 40, considering the influence on a neighbor. it can.

  In the building 1 of the present embodiment, as described above, the south surface faces the road, and the north surface, the west surface, and the east surface are constructed adjacent to the neighboring house. And the 1st slope roof surface 21 of this embodiment is formed in the south side among the whole roof surfaces. Therefore, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell panel as the solar light utilization device 40 installed on the first slope roof surface 21 can be increased. Moreover, it can also reduce that the sunlight reflected by a solar cell panel exerts a bad influence on a neighbor.

  Furthermore, when using a solar cell panel as the solar light utilization device 40, it is preferable to install the solar cell panel at a predetermined angle in order to increase power generation efficiency. Therefore, when installing a solar cell panel on a horizontal surface such as a flat roof, it is necessary to separately provide a support base that supports the solar cell panel in an inclined state, but in the roof 10, the slope of the first slope roof surface 21 is provided. Can be used. Therefore, when the gradient of the first gradient roof surface 21 can be set to a predetermined gradient that improves the power generation efficiency of the solar cell panel, the solar cell panel can be installed without using the support base.

  The slope of the first slope roof surface 21 is, for example, 5 inch gradient (slope 1/2) or less, and the slope of the second slope roof surface 22 is, for example, 10 inch slope (slope 1) or more. it can.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the ceiling surface 50 a of the indoor space 50 on the floor (the second floor in the present embodiment) immediately below the roof 10 positioned vertically below the first gradient roof surface 21 is 1 slope extends along the slope of the roof surface 21. The first slope roof surface 21 has a gentler slope than the second slope roof surface 22 and a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the main building 32 compared to the second slope roof surface 22 (in this embodiment, north-south) (Direction) is long. Therefore, if the ceiling surface 50 a of the indoor space 50 located vertically below the first gradient roof surface 21 is configured to run along the first gradient roof surface 21, it is perpendicular to the second gradient roof surface 22. Compared with the indoor space 51 on the floor immediately below the roof 10 located in the lower direction, the indoor space 50 can be made an indoor space 50 having a richness and a sense of openness with a depth in the north-south direction. Moreover, since it can be set as the ceiling surface 50a of a comparatively gentle gradient, it is hard to receive a restriction | limiting also in the choice of a lighting fixture. Furthermore, since the area | region where a ceiling is extremely high is not formed, it can suppress that the air-conditioning efficiency in the indoor space 50 falls. Furthermore, the ceiling surface 50a does not become too high, and there is no need to build a scaffolding in the area where the ceiling height is relatively high near the top (large ridge 32), so that the workability is excellent. Construction costs can also be reduced.

  Furthermore, a roof balcony or a veranda may be provided on the south side of the indoor space 50. Moreover, you may make it provide a skylight in a part of ceiling surface 50a.

  Moreover, the 1st slope roof surface 21 and the 2nd slope roof surface 22 cross | intersect above a perpendicular direction, and form the big ridge 32 as a top part of the roof 10, as mentioned above. As shown in FIG. 4, the indoor space 52 and the attic space 53 on the floor (second floor in the present embodiment) immediately below the roof 10 are partitioned at a position below the main building 32 in the vertical direction. A hut back floor 60 as the floor 4 is provided. In other words, at the position below the top of the roof 10 formed by the intersection of the first slope roof surface 21 and the second slope roof surface 22, indoors on the floor directly below the roof 10 (in the present embodiment, the second floor). A shed back floor portion 60 is formed as the floor portion 4 that partitions the space 52 and the shed space 53. Note that the attic space 53 means a space having a maximum height of 1.4 m or less from the floor surface of the attic floor portion 60 to the back surface of the roof.

  As described above, the position of the main building 32 is decentered, and the attic space 53 that can be used as a loft or storage is disposed vertically below the main building 32 so that the attic space has a predetermined ceiling height. 53, the degree of freedom in design such as the floor plan of another indoor space on the floor immediately below the roof 10, such as the indoor space 50 with a feeling of opening described above, can be increased.

  As an example, when the shed space 53 is used as storage, the indoor space 52 positioned vertically downward with respect to the shed space 53 can be, for example, a water space such as a washroom or a kitchen. Furthermore, the hut space 53 shown in FIG. 4 can be accessed from the indoor space 52 located vertically below the shed space 53 using a staircase or a ladder, but the stairs from the indoor space 50 shown in FIG. It is good also as a floor plan which can be accessed using a ladder. Furthermore, the indoor space 50 shown in FIG. 3 and the indoor space 52 and the cabin space 53 shown in FIG. 4 are formed at different positions in the extending direction of the main building 32 (the east-west direction in the present embodiment). The floor plan is not adjacent in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the ridge 32 (in this embodiment, the north-south direction). However, the floor plan may be adjacent in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the large ridge 32. .

  As described above, according to the building 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to realize the roof 10 on which the solar light utilization device 40 can be efficiently installed in accordance with site conditions such as the neighboring environment. Furthermore, by adopting such a roof 10, it is possible to optimize the position and ceiling height of the indoor space and the attic space on the floor immediately below the roof 10 of the building 1.

  Hereinafter, the further detail of the roof 10 of the building 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  The gradient of the third gradient roof surface 23 and the fourth gradient roof surface 24 of the present embodiment is substantially equal to the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22, but is larger than the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22. It may be a gradient. Further, the gradient of one of the third gradient roof surface 23 and the fourth gradient roof surface 24 may be substantially equal to the gradient of the first gradient roof surface 21.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing a roof 110 as a modified example of the roof 10 of the present embodiment, and is a view seen from above in the vertical direction as in FIG. In the roof 110 shown in FIG. 5, the gradient of the third gradient roof surface 23 is substantially equal to the gradient of the first gradient roof surface 21. In the roof 110 shown in FIG. 5, the gradient of the fourth gradient roof surface 24 is substantially equal to the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22. In this way, the first slope roof surface 21 and the third slope roof surface 23 having a gentle slope are adjacent to each other via the corner ridge 31, and sunlight is applied to both the first slope roof surface 21 and the third slope roof surface 23. You may arrange | position the solar cell panel as the utilization apparatus 40. FIG.

  Moreover, FIG. 6 is a figure which shows the roof 210 as a modification of the roof 10 of this embodiment, and is the figure seen from the perpendicular direction upper direction similarly to FIG. In the roof 210 shown in FIG. 6, the gradient of the third gradient roof surface 23 is substantially equal to the gradient of the fourth gradient roof surface 24. In the roof 210 shown in FIG. 6, the gradient of the third gradient roof surface 23 and the fourth gradient roof surface 24 is steeper than the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22. The gradient of the third gradient roof surface 23 and the fourth gradient roof surface 24 is equal to or greater than the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22 as in the present embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 and the modification illustrated in FIG. 6. Accordingly, it is possible to make it difficult to make the vertical space below the corner building 31 a dead space in the cabin space 53 (see FIG. 4). Therefore, it is particularly preferable that the gradients of the third gradient roof surface 23 and the fourth gradient roof surface 24 are greater than or equal to the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22.

  In the present embodiment and the modification shown in FIG. 6, the gradient of the third gradient roof surface 23 and the gradient of the fourth gradient roof surface 24 are substantially equal to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this gradient relationship. The gradient of the third gradient roof surface 23 and the gradient of the fourth gradient roof surface 24 may be different.

  Here, it is preferable that the slope of at least one of the plurality of sloped roof surfaces is set to an angle based on the oblique line restriction of the Building Standard Law. In particular, it is preferable to set the gradient of at least the second gradient roof surface 22 to an angle based on the oblique line restriction. In the present embodiment, the slope of the second slope roof surface 22 is made to correspond to the north oblique line restriction of the building 1 (see the oblique line X shown in FIGS. 3 and 4). In the case of a conventional dormitory where the position of the main building is not eccentric, if the sloped roof surface is made to correspond to the oblique line restriction, the height of the large building as the top of the roof tends to become extremely high, which limits the height of the building. It is difficult to respond. On the other hand, according to the dormitory roof 10 of the present embodiment in which the position of the large building 32 is eccentric, the sloped roof surface having a slope corresponding to the oblique line restriction without increasing the height of the building 1. It becomes easy to realize. Therefore, without increasing the position of the top of the roof 10, the second slope roof surface 22 can be brought as close as possible to the side where the oblique line restriction is applied, and as a result, the first slope roof on which the solar light utilization device 40 is installed. The area of the surface 21 can be ensured more widely.

  In the roof 10 of the present embodiment, the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22 is set to an angle based on the oblique line restriction, but the gradient of the third gradient roof surface 23 and the gradient of the fourth gradient roof surface 24 are You may set to the angle based on a diagonal line restriction | limiting.

  Moreover, the downfall part 33 is continuing to a part or all of the lower end of at least 1 slope roof surface among the some slope roof surfaces in the roof 10 of this embodiment. Here, the “rolling-down portion” is a portion extending outward from the above-described virtual line L (see FIG. 2), and is a horizontal line formed by the upper end of the outer peripheral beam 11 and the upper end of the roof beam 12. It means a portion extending at a position below the virtual plane.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the lower end of the second sloped roof surface 22 of the present embodiment is continuous with a downfall portion 33. However, the structure in which the downfalling part 33 continues to the whole lower end of the second sloped roof surface 22 may be used. Further, the downhill portion may be made continuous with one or more lower ends of the first gradient roof surface 21, the third gradient roof surface 23, and the fourth gradient roof surface 24.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing roofs 310a, 310b and 310c as modifications of the roof 10 of the present embodiment, and is a view seen from above in the vertical direction as in FIG. In the roof 310 a shown in FIG. 7A, the downfalling portion 33 a is continuous with the entire lower end of the first slope roof surface 21, and the downfalling portion 33 b is continuous with all of the lower end of the second slope roof surface 22. ing. In the roof 310b shown in FIG. 7 (b), the first sloped roof surface 21, the second sloped roof surface 22, the third sloped roof surface 23, and the fourth sloped roof surface 24 are spread down at a part of the lower end 33c, 33d, 33e, and 33f are continuous. In the roof 310c shown in FIG. 7C, the first gradient roof surface 21, the second gradient roof surface 22, the third gradient roof surface 23, and the fourth gradient roof surface 24 are the same as the roof 310b shown in FIG. 7B. The lowering portions 33g, 33h, 33i, and 33j are continuous with a part of each lower end. However, in FIG.7 (c), the downfall part 33g of the 1st slope roof surface 21 and the downfall part 33i of the 3rd slope roof surface 23 are connected, and the exit corner part is formed. Similarly, the downfall portion 33h of the second slope roof surface 22 and the downfall portion 33j of the fourth slope roof surface 24 in FIG. 7C are connected to form an exit corner. As described above, the rolling-down portions 33g and 33i and the rolling-down portions 33h and 33j shown in FIG. 7C may be arranged so as to form an exit corner.

  In this way, it is possible to provide various types of hanging-down portions according to the site conditions of the building, the floor plan, and the like. In particular, if a downfall part (see FIGS. 7A to 7C) that is continuous with the first sloped roof surface 21 is provided, the placement area of the solar-powered device 40 can be increased.

  In addition, although the gradient of the various hanging down parts shown in FIGS. 1-7 is assumed to be substantially equal to the gradient of the sloped roof surface in which the hanging down parts are continuous, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. It can also be set as a gentle slope smaller than the slope of the continuous slope roof surface. Moreover, it is good also as a steep slope larger than the gradient of the gradient roof surface where the rolling-down part continues.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a gradient relationship between a downhill portion and a sloped roof surface where the downfall portion is continuous. In FIG. 8, the downfalling portion 33 k is continuous with the entire lower end of the first slope roof surface 21, and the downfalling portion 33 m is continuous with the entire lower end of the second sloped roof surface 22. As shown in FIG. 8, in the case where the lowering portion 33 m is made continuous with the lower end of the second gradient roof surface 22, the gradient of the lowering portion 33 m is set to a gentle gradient smaller than the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22. It is preferable to do.

  As described above, the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22 is larger than the gradient of the first gradient roof surface 21. For this reason, even if the second sloped roof surface 22 is made to have a sloped part that is substantially equal to the slope of the second sloped roof surface 22 or larger than the slope of the second sloped roof surface 22, It is difficult to ensure a large height and width of the covered space. Therefore, in the case where the lowering portion 33m is made continuous with the lower end of the second slope roof surface 22, the slope of the lowering portion 33m is made smaller than the gradient of the second slope roof surface 22, and the upward raising portion 33m is raised. It is preferable that Thereby, for example, like the indoor space 54 shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to easily secure the height and the width of the space covered with the hanging-down portion 33 m.

  Note that the third gradient roof surface 23 and the fourth gradient roof surface 24 are set to have a gradient equal to or higher than the gradient of the second gradient roof surface 22, and are spread on the lower end of the third gradient roof surface 23 and the lower end of the fourth gradient roof surface 24. In the case where the lowering portion is made continuous, it is preferable to use a splash-up-like lifting portion as in the case of the lowering portion 33m continuous to the second sloped roof surface 22 described above.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, in the case where the lowering part 33k is made continuous with the lower end of the first sloped roof surface 21, the slope of the lowering part 33k is made substantially equal to the slope of the first sloped roof surface 21. Can do. If it does in this way, the hanging down part 33k can be utilized as a continuous area | region of the 1st gradient roof surface 21, and the placement area of the sunlight utilization apparatus 40 can be expanded more.

  Instead of the rolling-down part 33k shown in FIG. 8, a waist-folding rolling-down part 33n as shown in FIG. 9 may be provided. 9 is larger than the slope of the first slope roof surface 21, even if the slope roof surface has a gentle slope like the first slope roof surface 21, The slanting line restriction can be dealt with by the slope of the rolling-down part 33n.

  Next, the positional relationship between the outer wall surface of the building 1 of the present embodiment and the outer edge of the roof 10 of the building 1 in plan view will be described. The outer edge of the roof 10 of the building 1 in plan view is located inside the outer wall surface of the building 1 (see FIG. 1). In other words, the outer edge of the roof 10 in plan view does not protrude outward from the outer wall surface of the building 1, and the roof 10 does not form an eave. In addition, the outer wall surface of the building 1 of this embodiment is the outer surface 3a of the exterior material 3. As shown in FIG. 15, the roof may be configured to form the eaves 91, but if the configuration is not formed like the roof 10 of the present embodiment, the floor area of the building 1 is secured. It becomes easy. Moreover, since there is no eaves, workability, such as a lifting work of the outer peripheral wall exterior material 3, can also be improved.

  More specifically, the building 1 according to the present embodiment has the hanging down portion 33 (see FIG. 1B), but the eaves dropping portion 33 also does not form an eave. In other words, an indoor space on the floor immediately below the roof 10 and an outdoor space with an alcove-like roof are located also vertically below the downfalling portion 33, and the outer edge of the roof 10 at the position of the downfalling portion 33 is also It is located inside the outer wall surface of the building 1.

  At the position where such a hanging-up portion 33 is formed, the connecting beam 16 is connected to the outer peripheral beam 11 in a square shape in accordance with the gradient of the rolling-down portion 33 as shown in FIG. ing. In other words, the outer peripheral beam 11 and the roof beam 12 provided at a position where the downfalling portion 33 is not formed extend horizontally, whereas the connecting beam provided at a position where the downfalling portion 33 is formed. 16 extends in a state inclined with respect to the horizontal direction in accordance with the gradient of the rolling-down part 33. Note that the ends of the connecting beam 16 are connected by a nose tip beam 17.

  Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, in the building 1 of this embodiment, the rain gutter 70 is provided in the inside of an outer wall surface in planar view, and the position on the said some gradient roof surface. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rain gutter 70 is disposed along the exterior material 3 of the outer peripheral wall in a plan view. Here, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an outline of the position of the rain gutter 70 of the present embodiment, specifically, as an example of the outer surface 3a of the exterior material 3 as the outer wall surface of the building 1 and an example of a sloped roof surface. The outline of the positional relationship between the first slope roof surface 21 and the gutter 70 is shown. In FIG. 10, the outer peripheral beam 11 of the hut assembly (see FIG. 13), in which the exterior member 3 is fastened by a fastening member such as a bolt and a nut, is shown.

  However, the position of the rain gutter 70 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 10. The rain gutter 70 is located inside the outer wall surface and between the outer wall surface in plan view and the outer edge of the roof 10. You may provide in a position. FIG. 11 shows an example in which a rain gutter 70 is installed at a position between the outer surface 3 a of the exterior material 3 as an outer wall surface and the outer edge 10 a of the roof 10. Specifically, FIG. 11A is an example in which the rain gutter 70 is installed at a position vertically above the outer peripheral wall, and FIG. It is an example installed between the outer edge 10a. As shown in FIG. 16, the rain gutter 70 may be provided along the outer surface 3 a of the exterior material 3 (outer gutter type). As shown in FIG. 15, when the roof forms the eaves 91, the rain gutter 70 may be provided along the front end surface 91 a of the eaves 91.

  When the rain gutter 70 as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is used, the rain water flowing on the first slope roof surface 21 to the fourth slope roof surface 24 of the roof 10 and the downfalling portion 33 is surely entered into the rain gutter 70. Can lead to. Therefore, even if it is the structure where the roof 10 does not form an eave like this embodiment, it can suppress that rainwater flows down along an outer wall surface. The rainwater guided to the gutter 70 is discharged from a predetermined position to the outside through the gutter 70.

  Here, FIG. 12 is a view showing a roof 410 as a modification of the roof 10 of the present embodiment. The roof 410 shown in FIG. 12 is different from the roof 10 described above in that it has a different roof 80, but the other configurations are the same.

  Specifically, the roof 410 shown in FIG. 12 includes a first gradient roof surface 421, a second gradient roof surface 422, a third gradient roof surface 423, and a fourth gradient roof surface 424. And the 1st slope roof surface 421 and the 2nd slope roof surface 422 form the big ridge 432 by the ridgeline which mutually cross | intersects perpendicularly | vertically. The slope of the first slope roof surface 421 is smaller than the slope of the second slope roof surface 422. Furthermore, the area of the first slope roof surface 421 is larger than the area of each of the second slope roof surface 422, the third slope roof surface 423, and the fourth slope roof surface 424. A utilization device 40 is installed.

  On the fourth sloped roof surface 424 of the roof 410 shown in FIG. In addition, the gradient roof surface on which the different roof portion 80 is provided may be a gradient roof surface other than the first gradient roof surface 421 on which the solar light utilization device 40 is installed. Therefore, the ridge roof 80 may be provided on the second slope roof surface 422 or the third slope roof surface 423. Here, the “different roof part” is composed of a ridge extending horizontally from a sloped roof surface extending downward from the top of the roof and a sloped roof surface extending downward from this ridge. Means part. Therefore, the different roof portion 80 shown in FIG. 12 includes a ridge 84 extending in the horizontal direction from the fourth slope roof surface 424 extending downward from the large ridge 432 as the top of the roof, and downward from the ridge 84. It is comprised by the three gradient roof surfaces 81-83 extended.

  It is preferable that at least one of the sloped roof surfaces of the different roof portion 80 is an extension of any one of the first sloped roof surface 421 to the fourth sloped roof surface 424. With such a configuration, the roof is simplified compared to a configuration in which the slope roof surfaces of the different roofs are not extensions of the first slope roof surface 421 to the fourth slope roof surface 424. Can do. Specifically, in the different roof portion 80 shown in FIG. 12, one gradient roof surface 81 is configured to extend the second gradient roof surface 422.

  Moreover, the at least 1 gradient roof surface by which the different roof part 80 is protruded can make the gradient the largest among several gradient roof surfaces. Specifically, in the roof 410 shown in FIG. 12, the fourth gradient roof surface 424 on which the different roof portion 80 is protruded has the highest gradient among the first gradient roof surface 421 to the fourth gradient roof surface 424. It is getting bigger. A corner area Z is formed between the sloped roof surface in which the different roof 80 is continuous and the different roof 80. For this reason, the sloped roof surface (the fourth sloped roof surface 424 in FIG. 12) where the different roof portions 80 are continuous is located away from the road boundary line and the adjacent land boundary line, and is difficult to be subject to oblique line restriction. Therefore, it is possible to increase the gradient of the gradient roof surface in which the different roof portions 80 are continuous.

  In FIG. 12, the roof 410 having one ridge roof 80 projecting from the fourth slope roof surface 424 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, a plurality of slope roof surfaces are provided. It can also be set as the structure which makes another ridge roof part 80 project on each of two or more gradient roof surfaces. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which makes the some ridge roof part 80 project with respect to one gradient roof surface. Moreover, you may install a sunlight utilization apparatus in the roof surface of the different ridge roof part 80. FIG.

  Furthermore, a roof balcony or a veranda can be provided at the position of the corner area Z formed by providing the different roof portion 80 in the floor immediately below the roof 410.

  The building according to the present invention is not limited to the specific configuration shown in the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention described in the claims. For example, the roof 10 of the building 1 described above is configured to have the large ridge 32 as the top, but may be a rectangular roof in which the upper ends of a plurality of sloped roof surfaces intersect at one top. In addition, in the roof 10 of the building 1 described above, the first slope roof surface 21 faces south, but the first slope roof surface 21 that has a gentle slope is directed in another direction according to site conditions and the like. Also good. Furthermore, in the roof 10 of the building 1 described above, a solar cell panel as the solar light utilization device 40 is installed on the first slope roof surface 21, but any device that uses sunlight may be used. A water heater panel or the like may be used. Furthermore, the ceiling surface 50 a of the indoor space 50 of the building 1 described above extends along the gradient of the first gradient roof surface 21, but all of the ceiling surfaces 50 a are gradients of the first gradient roof surface 21. It is not restricted to the structure extended along, but as shown to Fig.17 (a), only a part of ceiling surface 50a is the structure extended along the gradient of the 1st slope roof surface 21, Also good. Furthermore, if the indoor space 50 is configured to communicate with the cabin space, a ceiling surface 50a having a different shape can be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 17B, the ceiling surface 50a may be configured to extend along a curved surface without following the gradient of the first gradient roof surface 21.

  10, 11, 15, and 16 show various positional relationships between the rain gutter 70 and its peripheral members, but the bottom plate portion of each of the members constituting the rain gutter 70 itself has a bottom plate portion. It is comprised by the member of the rectangular groove shape which extends in a horizontal direction and the opposing wall part extends in a vertical direction. However, the member constituting the rain gutter 70 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 11 and the like, for example, as a rain gutter 70 ′ in which the bottom plate portion 71 as shown in FIG. Also good. A rain gutter 70 'shown in FIG. 18 has the same configuration as the rain gutter 70 shown in FIG. 11A except that the bottom plate portion 71 is inclined. Further, the positional relationship between the rain gutter 70 ′ shown in FIG. 18 and its peripheral members is the same as the positional relationship between the rain gutter 70 shown in FIG. 11A and its peripheral members. However, the positional relationship between the rain gutter 70 ′ and its peripheral members can be different.

  Further, in the roof 10 of the building 1 described above, the inclination angles of the second gradient roof surface 22 to the fourth gradient roof surface 24 are substantially equal, and the inclination angle of the first gradient roof surface 21 is the second gradient roof surface 22 to the second gradient roof surface 22. The inclination angle of the four-gradient roof surface 24 is smaller. 19 and 20, the relationship between the inclination angles of the first gradient roof surface to the fourth gradient roof surface is the same as the relationship between the inclination angles of the first gradient roof surface 21 to the fourth gradient roof surface 24 described above. It is a figure which shows building 1 'provided with roof 10' from which the numerical value of the concrete inclination angle differs. Specifically, in the roof 10 ′ of the building 1 ′ shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the inclination angle of the first gradient roof surface 21 ′ is 3.5 inch gradient (about 19.3 degrees), and the second gradient roof The inclination angle of the surface 22 ′, the third gradient roof surface, and the fourth gradient roof surface is 15.7 inch gradient (about 57.6 degrees).

  Here, as shown in FIG. 19, the ceiling surface 50 a ′ of the indoor space 50 ′ on the floor immediately below the roof 10 ′ located vertically below the first gradient roof surface 21 ′ is the first gradient roof surface. It extends along the slope of 21 '. Further, the indoor space 52 ′ having a ceiling surface 52a ′ that is lower than the ceiling surface 50a ′ of the indoor space 50 ′ at the same level as the indoor space 50 ′ and vertically below the main building 32 ′. There is. Furthermore, a shed space 53 'is provided above the indoor space 52' in the vertical direction and below the roof 10 'in the vertical direction. The indoor space 50 ′, the indoor space 52 ′, and the cabin space 53 ′ are arranged in such a positional relationship, and the ceiling surface 50a ′ of the indoor space 50 ′ extends along the first slope roof surface 21 ′. If the inclination angle of the first slope roof surface 21 'is adjusted to a predetermined angle (for example, 15.7 inch slope shown in FIG. 19), the entrance / exit 53a' to the cabin space 53 'is changed to the cabin space. As shown in FIG. 19, instead of the shed back floor portion 60 ′ that divides 53 ′ and the indoor space 52 ′, it is easy to arrange at the position of the wall surface on the indoor space 50 ′ side of the shed back space 53 ′. That is, as shown in FIG. 19, it is easy to realize a floor plan that allows entry / exit from the indoor space 50 ′ to the hut space 53 ′ by using a liftable member 54 ′ such as a detachable ladder or an attached staircase. If such a floor plan can be realized, it can be visually recognized that the ceiling surface 50a 'of the indoor space 50' extends to the back space 53 'through the doorway 53a', and the sense of depth of the indoor space 50 'can be further emphasized. At the same time, the sense of unity between the indoor space 50 'and the cabin space 53' can be emphasized.

  As shown in FIG. 20, the entrance / exit 53a ′ is not provided on the wall surface of the cabin space 53 ′ on the indoor space 50 ′ side, but the partition wall 55 ′ is used to partition the cabin space 53 ′ and the indoor space 52 ′ immediately below the cabin space 53 ′. It is good also as a structure which provides the entrance / exit 53a 'in the shed back floor part 60' which divides. In such a case, the entrance / exit 53a ′ is provided with an elevating / lowering member 54 ′ such as a ceiling storage ladder, for example, so that the cabin space 53 ′ and its lower floor can be moved. Moreover, in FIG.19 and FIG.20, the lighting window 56 'is provided in 2nd slope roof surface 22', and the lighting property of the hut space 53 'is ensured.

  The present invention relates to buildings.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 ': Building 2: Upper structure 3: Exterior material 3a: Outer surface of exterior material 4: Floor part 5: Roof material 10, 10': Roof 10a: Outer edge of roof 11: Outer beam 12: Roof beam 13: Bundle member 14: Purlin beam 15: Master beam 16: Connection beam 17: Nose tip beam 21, 21 ': First gradient roof surface 22, 22': Second gradient roof surface 23: Third gradient roof surface 24: Fourth gradient roof Surface 31: Corner building 31a: Bottom edge of corner building 32: Large building (top)
33, 33a to 33k, 33m, 33n: downhill section 50, 50 ': indoor space 50a, 50a' on the floor directly below the roof 51: ceiling surface 51: indoor space 52, 52 'on the floor directly below the roof Indoor space 53, 53 'on the floor directly below: Hut space 53a': Entrance 54 ': Elevating member 55': Partition wall 56 ': Daylight window 60, 60': Hut back floor 70: Rain gutter 71: Bottom plate 80: Different roof portion 81-83: Gradient roof surface of the different roof portion 84: Wing of the different roof portion 90: Land roof 91: Eaves 91a: Front end surfaces 110, 210, 310a, 310b, 310c, 410: Roof 421: First slope roof surface 422: Second slope roof surface 423: Third slope roof surface 424: Fourth slope roof surface 432: Main building (top)
L: Virtual line X: Diagonal line Z: Corner area

Claims (14)

A building having a dormitory structure or a square structure roof with a plurality of sloped roof faces adjacent via a corner ridge,
The plurality of slope roof surfaces include a first slope roof surface, and a second slope roof surface that is not adjacent to the first slope roof surface via the corner ridge,
The slope of the first slope roof surface is smaller than the slope of the second slope roof surface,
A building in which a solar light utilization device is installed on the first slope roof surface.   2. The building according to claim 1, wherein an indoor space on a floor immediately below the roof that is positioned vertically below the first slope roof surface communicates with a shed space.   The indoor space and the attic space on the floor immediately below the roof are partitioned at a position vertically below the top of the roof formed by the intersection of the first slope roof surface and the second slope roof surface. The building according to claim 1, wherein a hut back floor portion is formed. The plurality of sloped roof surfaces include a first sloped roof surface and a third sloped roof surface adjacent to the second sloped roof surface via the corner ridge,
The slope of the third slope roof surface is substantially equal to the slope of the second slope roof surface or larger than the slope of the second slope roof surface. Listed building. The plurality of slope roof surfaces include a fourth slope roof surface that is not adjacent to the third slope roof surface via the corner ridge.
The building according to claim 4, wherein the slope of the fourth slope roof surface is substantially equal to or different from the slope of the third slope roof surface. The plurality of sloped roof surfaces include a first sloped roof surface and a third sloped roof surface adjacent to the second sloped roof surface via the corner ridge,
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a slope of the third slope roof surface is substantially equal to a slope of the first slope roof surface.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a slope of at least one slope roof surface among the plurality of slope roof surfaces is set to an angle corresponding to oblique line restriction.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a downfall portion is continuous with a lower end of at least one of the plurality of sloped roof surfaces.   The building according to claim 8, wherein the slope of the downhill portion is smaller than the slope of the at least one sloped roof surface in which the downfall portion is continuous.   The slope of the downhill part is substantially equal to the slope of the at least one sloped roof surface where the downside part continues, or is larger than the slope of the at least one sloped roof surface where the downside part continues. The building according to claim 8, characterized by:   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein an outer edge of the roof in plan view is located inside an outer wall surface of the building.   A rain gutter is provided inside the outer wall surface in a plan view and at a position on the plurality of sloped roof surfaces or a position between the outer wall surface and the outer edge of the roof in a plan view. The building according to claim 11, characterized by.   The roof is a dormitory structure in which the first slope roof surface and the second slope roof surface form a large building by a ridgeline where each other intersects vertically above the first slope roof surface, and the first slope of the plurality of slope roof surfaces The building according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a ridged roof portion protrudes from at least one sloped roof surface other than the roof surface.   The building according to claim 13, wherein the at least one sloped roof surface on which the inter-ridge roof portion protrudes has the largest slope among the plurality of sloped roof surfaces.

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