JP3914397B2 - Residential - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a technique for a ventilation structure in a house.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, ventilation windows, burrs, and the like are provided on the outer wall of a building, and natural air circulation allows air to flow between indoor and outdoor spaces. Moreover, in the construction of a house, the interior structure of the house, such as a floor plan, may be determined by a resident's request. In such a house design stage, a ventilation structure is taken into consideration. In some cases, it is possible to form a room in which it is difficult to form a sufficient ventilation mechanism in a natural state, and since a natural flow of air cannot be formed, air tends to stagnate. Therefore, there are some houses that are treated to form an air flow by installing indoor fans on the ceiling of the room or by providing skylights.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, in view of the above-described prior art, a ventilation mechanism capable of flexibly accommodating houses of various shapes is provided, and further, the ventilation mechanism is provided so as not to impair the appearance of the house. Propose the ventilation structure of the house.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.
[0005]
The roof of the house (1) is formed into a flat roof (5), and a half roof hut (3) is arranged on a part of the flat roof (5) above the room of the indoor space (17). (3) is constructed as a single-flow-like gradient roof (12), and a ventilation mechanism (14) is provided at the upper part of the gradient of the gradient roof (12), and the ventilation mechanism (14) is provided in the half roof hut (3). The ventilation duct (40) is arranged from the ceiling of the roof to the upper part of the sloped roof (12), and the indoor side ventilation opening (40a) of the ventilation duct (40) is the ceiling plate (21) of the half roof shed (3). from downward through protrudes Those who on the該換duct (40), extending from the ceiling toward the upper half roof hut (3), bent at the position of the roof of the semi roof hut (3) , Extending along the roof beam (23), extending outward from the outer wall (24) of the half roof shed (3), and The outer wall (40) forms an outdoor ventilation port (40b) that passes above the eaves ceiling plate (31) outside the outer wall (24) and goes upward at the upper part of the roof beam (23). (40) is concealed by the ceiling plate (21) on the indoor space (17) side and the eaves ceiling plate (31) on the outdoor space (18) side, and constitutes a pipe line that is not exposed from the exterior of the house (1), An electric fan (41) is provided immediately above the ceiling plate (21) of the ventilation duct (40), and the electric fan (41) is provided with a sensor for detecting the air flow so that the air flow is It operates automatically when there are few , and is configured to exhaust the air in the indoor space (17) from the indoor vent (40a) to the outdoor vent (40b) through the ventilation duct (40) .
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
[0007]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall structure of a house to which a ventilation structure according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the same. 3 is a plan view, FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing the structure of the roof of the bookstore, and FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing the structure of the roof of the half roof hut.
[0008]
FIG. 1 shows a detached house 1 to which a ventilation structure according to the present invention is applied as an example. The house 1 is composed of a two-storey bookstore 2 and an annex 10 and a half-roofed hut 3 located above the bookstore 2 and having an attic inside.
[0009]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the bookstore 2 and the separate building 10 have a two-story structure having a first floor and a second floor, respectively, and the separate building 10 is constructed at a position through the balcony 4 with respect to the bookstore 2. And a large flat roof 5 extending over the annex 10. The first floor and the second floor of the bookstore 2 are designed to have substantially the same shape in plan view, and no roof is provided between the first floor and the second floor. However, in some cases, for example, a space protruding from a structure such as the floor of the second floor or the balcony 4 is used as a roof, or a fence is provided to secure rain and sun protection on the first floor. Yes.
[0010]
An atrium 9 is formed above the balcony 4 of the flat roof 5 to provide ventilation and solar radiation to the opening facing the balcony 4 and the balcony 4. The flat roof 5 is a continuous roof up to the annex 10 located on the south side of the balcony 4, and it is not necessary to provide a separate roof on the annex 10, so that the appearance of the roof of the house 1 is a clean shape. The construction becomes simple and the cost can be kept low while being excellent in design.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 4, the upper part of the beam 15 made of I-shaped steel of the bookstore 2 constituting the flat roof 5 is composed of a nose purlin 50 and a lightweight concrete material that serves as a basis for the roofing materials 6, 6. The roof base 51 is fixed. The roof base 51 is a flat plate that is constructed in an approximately horizontal manner between the beam 52 that supports the half-roof shed 3 and the beam 15 that is positioned at the peripheral edge of the bookstore 2, and is configured as a roof. This is the base for supporting the materials 6, 6.
[0012]
On the roof base 51, a sloped heat insulating material 53 is placed and fixed. The gradient formed in the heat insulating material 53 is a drooping gradient of the flat roof 5, and is slightly lowered toward the outer periphery of the house 1. A roof surface material 55 is pasted on the heat insulating material 53 via a non-combustible plate 54. Therefore, the roof is formed in layers in the order of the roof surface material 55 → the incombustible plate 54 → the heat insulating material 53 → the roof base 51 from the top.
[0013]
On the other hand, a ceiling plate 59 is attached via a suspension member 58 below the beam 15 fixed at an appropriate interval to the lower part of the roof.
The particle board 61 is interposed between the ceiling base plate 60 placed substantially horizontally on a fixed piece fixed in a shape protruding from the lower part of the beam 15 to the inside of the building, and the ceiling plate 59. The heat insulating material 62 is also placed on the top, and the ceiling is formed in the order of the heat insulating material 62 → the ceiling base 60 → the particle board 61 → the ceiling plate 59 from above to ensure heat insulation.
[0014]
As described above, the nose purlin 50 is supported and fixed to the upper part of the beam 15 on the outer side of the beam 15 provided at the peripheral edge of the bookstore 2. The upper end portion of the eaves roof 63 is supported on the nose purlin 50, and a small turn along the gradient of the eaves 64 is formed in the nose purlin 50. An eaves beam 66 is supported from the lower end of the beam 15 via a fixing plate 65, and the eaves beam 66 protrudes toward the outside of the building and supports the joist 67 in the middle of the eaves beam. A hidden plate 68 is fixed.
[0015]
The eaves roof 63 provided in a continuous shape from the land roof 5 is supported by the nose purlin 50, the joists 67 and the nose cover plate 68. A drainer 69 is attached at the bottom of the eaves roof 63. In ordinary roofs, parapets are often formed on the peripheral edge of the roof. However, as described above, eaves 64 are formed on the roof 5 according to the present invention. Therefore, by having the eaves 64 even though it is the flat roof 5, it prevents wind and rain from directly hitting the wall 70 of the house 1 and shields sunlight. Furthermore, the eaves roof 63 is provided with a slope different from that of the roof, that is, the eaves roof 63 is provided with a greater slope than the flat roof 5 so that the eaves tip looks thin in a side view, and the roof is sharp and light. I try to bring out a sense of luxury.
[0016]
In recent years, a space in which ventilation between the inside of the house and the outdoor space 18 is hindered may be formed as the house becomes airtight. In these spaces, air tends to stagnate because it is difficult to form a natural flow of air.
[0017]
In the house 1 according to the present embodiment, an atrium 16 is formed between the first floor and the second floor in a substantially central portion in a plan view of the bookstore 2 in order to promote ventilation. Therefore, an air flow path is formed so that the air flow on the first floor enters the room through the opening on the first floor, the entrance, and the like, and passes upward through the blowout 16. As described above, the blow-through 16 is provided in the approximate center of the building so that the air on the first floor can be drawn upward without staying on the first floor so that the air flow is easily generated. In addition, the position of the atrium 16 is not limited to the approximate center of the bookstore 2 in plan view, and is preferably changed as appropriate according to the situation of the land where the house 1 is constructed, for example, the wind direction and the situation of surrounding buildings. .
[0018]
Then, the air that has entered the second floor through the opening on the second floor of the bookstore 2 or through the atrium 16 on the first floor flows further upward and reaches the half rooftop hut 3 located at the top of the bookstore 2. The opening of the house 1 is equipped with a large window and has a structure that fully considers the traffic of air, but the air flow tends to stagnate toward the inside of the building, so the bookstore 2 is provided at a substantially central portion of the second floor, and an opening is formed between the second floor of the bookstore 2 and the half-roof hut 3 above the blowout 16 so as to be as natural as possible. It constitutes a gentle flow of air that heads.
[0019]
The air reaching the half roof hut 3 is discharged to the outdoor space 18 by the ventilation mechanism 14 provided above the slope of the sloped roof 12 formed in the half roof hut 3. Therefore, the air of the house 1 is configured to flow upward and consistently, and a natural air flow is continuously formed as much as possible.
[0020]
The half-roofed shed 3 configured at the upper part of the bookstore 2 is provided as an air conditioning machine room of the house 1, but may be used as a storage room or a hobby room. The half roof shed 3 is formed with a single-flow gradient roof 12. And the ventilation mechanism 14 mentioned later is provided in the upper part of the gradient of the gradient roof 12, and it is set as the structure which promotes the ventilation of the bookstore 2. As shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the shape of the roof of the half roof shed 3 is a one-sided gradient roof. However, the shape of the roof may be a flat roof, a gable roof, etc., regardless of this embodiment. I do not care.
[0021]
And the wall 24 of the half roof shed 3 configured in a substantially square shape in plan view is erected and supported substantially vertically on the roof base 51 of the flat roof 5 as shown in FIGS. A water finish (not shown) is applied to the joint 71 of the wall 24. The beam 19 that supports the gradient roof 12 via the column 72 is located above the beam 52 that supports the flat roof 5. And the roof beam 23 of the gradient roof 12 is constructed on the upper part of these beams 19. FIG. Since the roof beam 23 serves as the basis of the gradient formed on the roof of the half roof shed 3, the roof beam 23 has a substantially southward gradient. Above the slope of the roof beam 23, that is, both the north and south end portions of the roof beam 23 are larger than the wall 24 and protrude to the outside of the building.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 5, the ventilation mechanism 14 is provided above the sloped roof 12 of the half rooftop hut 3, that is, at the end on the north side. In the half roof shed 3, the ceiling plate 21 supported via the suspension member 20 on the beam 19 placed on the beam 52 located on the second floor ceiling of the bookstore 2 via the column 72, and the beam 19 A ceiling on the indoor space 17 side of the half rooftop shed 3 is configured via a heat insulating material between the inclined beam 22 supported by a fixed piece fixed to the upper part.
[0023]
A roof beam 23 is supported above the inclined beam 22. The roof beam 23 is arranged with the same gradient as the inclined beam 22 and forms the foundation of the gradient roof 12. The upper part of the roof beam 23 protrudes laterally from the outer wall 24 of the half roof shed 3 to form an eave 25. A nose plate 26 is fixed to the upper end of the roof beam 23, and further, an eaves decorative plate 28 is attached along the eaves via an eaves decorative plate support piece 27, so that the beauty of the eaves of the half roof shed 3 is improved. It contributes to. An eaves ceiling plate support piece 29 extends below the eaves decorative plate support piece 27 that supports the eaves decorative plate 28, and the eaves ceiling between the eaves backside closing 30 fixed to the outer wall 24 of the half roof shed 3. A plate 31 is installed. The eaves ceiling plate 31 is a plate-shaped member made of a lightweight metal material such as an aluminum composite member, has excellent corrosion resistance, and does not impose a burden on the roof beam 23 and the outer wall 24.
[0024]
On the roof beam 23, a purlin 32 is appropriately arranged in a direction orthogonal to the roof beam 23. The purlin 32 is made of hollow steel having a square cross section, and is supported and fixed to the roof beam 23 by angle steel. And the roof material 33 is stuck and fixed on the main building 32.
[0025]
A ventilation duct 40 is provided from the ceiling of the half roof shed 3 configured as described above to the upper part of the sloped roof 12, and the ventilation mechanism 14 is configured. The indoor side ventilation opening 40 a of the ventilation duct 40 has a shape protruding downward from the ceiling plate 21 of the half roof shed 3, and the ventilation duct 40 penetrates the ceiling plate 21.
[0026]
The ventilation duct 40 extends upward from the ceiling of the half roof shed 3, and further bends when reaching the roof and extends outward from the outer wall 24 along the roof beam 23. The ventilation duct 40 forms an outdoor ventilation port 40 b that passes above the eaves ceiling plate 31 outside the outer wall 24 and goes upward at the upper part of the roof beam 23. In this way, the ventilation duct 40 is concealed by the ceiling plate 21 on the indoor space 17 side and the eaves ceiling plate 31 on the outdoor space 18 side, and the duct is provided so as not to be exposed from the appearance of the house 1.
[0027]
In the ventilation mechanism 14 configured as described above, the air in the indoor space 17 flows into the ventilation duct 40 from the indoor ventilation port 40a and is discharged from the outdoor ventilation port 40b to the outdoor space 18 (45a and 45b). ). At this time, the structure is such that the air flow is directed upward, so that the air flow is likely to occur naturally.
[0028]
The ventilation duct 40 is equipped with an electric fan 41 just above the ceiling plate 21. The fan 41 does not always operate, but is provided with a sensor that senses the air flow, and automatically operates when the air flow is very small to promote ventilation of the indoor space 17. . Therefore, a comfortable indoor environment can be maintained even in rainy weather.
[0029]
The half-roofed hut 3 configured as described above can determine the arrangement position relatively freely in the upper part of the bookstore 2. As described above, the flat roof 5 is formed in the bookstore 3. However, since the flat roof 5 has a slight gradient, the layout position of the half roof hut 3 is changed for each individual house 1 at the time of design. However, even if there is a sudden change after the design and the arrangement position is changed, there is no significant change in the construction of the entire roof (for example, on the design of beams, roofing materials, etc.), so the change can be made relatively easily. can do. Moreover, even if the location of the half roof hut 3 is changed, the beauty of the roofed house is not impaired.
[0030]
For example, if the roof of the bookstore 2 is a roof structure having a slope such as a gable roof, the roof is designed according to the arrangement position of the half-roof hut 3. It is anticipated that there will be restrictions and the appearance of the roof may be remarkably impaired, and in order to change the arrangement position of the half-roof hut 3, there will be a great change in the members constituting the roof.
[0031]
In the house 1 adopting the ventilation structure according to the present invention, the roof provided in the bookstore 2 as a base is the flat roof 5, so even if the arrangement of the room inside the house is changed according to the demand of the resident, according to the change It is possible to easily change the arrangement position of the half roof shed 3. Therefore, since the house 1 according to many patterns can be constructed | assembled using the same member, it is rich in versatility, ie, it contributes to the reduction of the construction cost of a house. And even if the exterior shape of a house is complicated, a reliable ventilation path can be provided and a comfortable living space can be constructed.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
[0033]
The roof of the house (1) is formed into a flat roof (5), and a half roof hut (3) is arranged on a part of the flat roof (5) above the room of the indoor space (17). (3) is constructed as a single-flow-like gradient roof (12), and a ventilation mechanism (14) is provided at the upper part of the gradient of the gradient roof (12), and the ventilation mechanism (14) is provided in the half roof hut (3). The ventilation duct (40) is arranged from the ceiling of the roof to the upper part of the sloped roof (12), and the indoor side ventilation opening (40a) of the ventilation duct (40) is the ceiling plate (21) of the half roof shed (3). Projecting downward from above, the upper part of the ventilation duct (40) is extended upward from the ceiling of the half roof shed (3), bent at the position of the roof of the half roof shed (3), It extends along the roof beam (23), extends outward from the outer wall (24) of the half roof shed (3), and further the ventilation duct The outer wall (40) forms an outdoor ventilation port (40b) that passes above the eaves ceiling plate (31) outside the outer wall (24) and goes upward at the upper part of the roof beam (23). (40) is concealed by the ceiling plate (21) on the indoor space (17) side and the eaves ceiling plate (31) on the outdoor space (18) side, and constitutes a pipe line that is not exposed from the exterior of the house (1), An electric fan (41) is provided immediately above the ceiling plate (21) of the ventilation duct (40), and the electric fan (41) is provided with a sensor for detecting the air flow so that the air flow is It operates automatically when there are few, and it is configured to exhaust the air in the indoor space (17) from the indoor side ventilation port (40a) through the ventilation duct (40) to the outdoor side ventilation port (40b). A certain air flows into the ventilation duct 40 from the indoor ventilation port 40a. , And it is discharged from the outdoor side ventilation arrangements 40b outdoors space 18 (45a · 45b).
At this time, the structure is such that the air flow is directed upward, so that the air flow is likely to occur naturally.
[0034]
The ventilation duct 40 is equipped with an electric fan 41 just above the ceiling plate 21. The fan 41 does not always operate, but is provided with a sensor that senses the air flow, and automatically operates when the air flow is very small to promote ventilation of the indoor space 17. . Therefore, a comfortable indoor environment can be maintained even in rainy weather.
[0035]
When designing the layout of a house, it is possible to easily change the location of the half-roof hut according to the layout of the interior room, and it is possible to use the same member to accommodate houses according to many patterns. Moreover, even if the external appearance shape of a house is complicated, a reliable ventilation path can be provided.
Moreover, since the said half rooftop shed was arrange | positioned at the upper part of the room, the room which is hard to be aroused can be aroused easily and ventilation property can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a house to which a ventilation structure according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the same.
FIG. 3 is also a plan view.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing the structure of the bookstore roof.
FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing the structure of the roof of the half roof hut.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 House 2 Bookstore 3 Half roof hut 5 Land roof 12 Gradient roof 14 Ventilation mechanism

Claims (1)

The roof of the house (1) is formed into a flat roof (5), and a half roof hut (3) is arranged on a part of the flat roof (5) above the room of the indoor space (17). (3) is constructed as a single-flow-like gradient roof (12), and a ventilation mechanism (14) is provided at the upper part of the gradient of the gradient roof (12), and the ventilation mechanism (14) is provided in the half roof hut (3). The ventilation duct (40) is arranged from the ceiling of the roof to the upper part of the sloped roof (12), and the indoor side ventilation opening (40a) of the ventilation duct (40) is the ceiling plate (21) of the half roof shed (3). Projecting downward from above, the upper part of the ventilation duct (40) is extended upward from the ceiling of the half roof shed (3), bent at the position of the roof of the half roof shed (3), It extends along the roof beam (23), extends outward from the outer wall (24) of the half roof shed (3), and further the ventilation duct The outer wall (40) forms an outdoor ventilation port (40b) that passes above the eaves ceiling plate (31) outside the outer wall (24) and goes upward at the upper part of the roof beam (23). (40) is concealed by the ceiling plate (21) on the indoor space (17) side and the eaves ceiling plate (31) on the outdoor space (18) side, and constitutes a pipe line that is not exposed from the exterior of the house (1), An electric fan (41) is provided immediately above the ceiling plate (21) of the ventilation duct (40), and the electric fan (41) is provided with a sensor for detecting the air flow so that the air flow is A house that automatically operates when there is little space, and is configured to exhaust the air in the indoor space (17) from the indoor vent (40a) to the outdoor vent (40b) through the ventilation duct (40). .

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