JP5232071B2 - Eaves structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an eaves tip structure having a ventilation path that can prevent rainwater from entering while reducing the protruding dimension of the eaves.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the eaves a of the house is provided with an exterior material d of the outer wall c extending vertically below the rafter b that is horizontally spaced, and spaced from the exterior material d toward the eave side. By providing a gap g between the eaves f and the rafter b fixed to the rafter b via the ventilation nose plate e, a ventilation path j is generally formed in which the cabin space h communicates with the outside air. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP-A-11-159018

  By the way, the thickness of the outer wall c in recent years tends to increase due to improvements in various performances such as heat insulation and sound insulation. Accordingly, the eaves tip n including the roofing material k and eaves eaves is likely to protrude to the outdoor side by the increase in the outer wall c. Such protrusion of the eaves tip n is disadvantageous in urban areas with severe restrictions on oblique lines such as road oblique lines and north oblique lines. In order to avoid such oblique line restrictions without reducing the living space, it is important to reduce the eaves dimension m.

  The present invention has been devised in view of the actual situation as described above, and provides an eaves tip structure having a ventilation path that can be bent in a complicated manner to prevent intrusion of rainwater while reducing the protruding dimension of the eaves. The main purpose.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is an eaves-end structure of a house, and is a roof having a protruding portion that is supported by rafters that are horizontally spaced and protrudes from the end surface of the rafter eaves to the eaves side. And an eaves decorative plate attached to the eaves base material fixed to the upper part of the exterior material, and an exterior material that is fixed to the rafter through a nose plate base material and extends below the protruding portion of the roof material. Eaves for receiving rainwater from the roofing material attached thereto, and an eaves tip draining plate fixed to the roofing material, each upper end of the exterior material and the nose plate base material is a lower surface of the protruding portion And the eaves-end decorative plate extending along the exterior material and terminating at the bottom surface of the protruding portion and the second small gap, and the decorative plate main body In the upper end of the The eaves edge draining plate has an inclined drainage body that descends from the end portion of the roof material toward the eaves wall, and the lower end of the drainage body with a third small gap spaced from the tip of the return portion of the eaves edge decorative plate. The roof space and the outside air pass through the first, second, third, and fourth small gaps by including the decorative plate main body and the rain shield that terminates with the fourth small gap extending and extending. It is characterized by communicating with the ventilation route.

  In addition, as in the invention described in claim 2, it is desirable that a fireproof damper that blocks the flow of air due to temperature rise is fixed to the ventilation path.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the roof material has a slope, the fire-proof damper is fixed to a nose plate base material via an attachment piece, and the attachment piece has the protruding portion. It is desirable to have a fireproof damper mounting surface that is inclined in a direction substantially perpendicular to the lower surface.

  The eaves tip structure of the present invention is supported by a rafter that is horizontally spaced and has a protruding portion that protrudes from the end surface on the eave side of the rafter to the eave side, and is fixed to the rafter via a nose plate base material. And an eaves for receiving rainwater from the roofing material attached to the eaves underlaying material fixed to the upper part of the exterior material through an eaves decorative plate, and an exterior material extending vertically below the protruding portion of the roofing material, And eaves drainage board secured to the roofing material. Each upper end of the exterior material and the nose plate base material is disposed with a first small gap from the lower surface of the protruding portion, and the eaves edge decorative plate extends along the lower surface of the protruding portion and the second small portion along the exterior material. A decorative board body that terminates with a gap, and a return part that extends toward the eaves side along the lower surface of the protruding part at the upper end of the decorative board body. An inclined draining body that descends, and a rain shield that extends downward from the draining body with a third small gap between the tip of the return portion of the eaves decorative plate and ends with the decorative board body and the fourth small gap. The cabin space and the outside air communicate with each other through a ventilation path that passes through the first, second, third, and fourth small gaps.

  As described above, the eaves tip structure of the present invention can form a ventilation path without providing a gap between the exterior material and the eaves wall, so that the protruding dimension of the eaves can be reduced. Thereby, even if the thickness of the outer wall is increased, the increase can be absorbed, and it is advantageous for the oblique line limitation, so that the reduction of the living space can be prevented.

  Further, the ventilation path changes from the outside through the fourth small gap between the decorative plate body of the eaves decorative plate and the lower end of the rain shield of the eaves drainage plate, and changes the direction upward from the eaves side. Passes through the third small gap between the tip of the return portion extending from the eaves to the rain shield. And the direction is changed to the exterior material side, the second small gap between the upper end of the decorative board body and the protruding part of the roofing material, and the first small gap between the upper end of the nose board base material and the lower surface of the protruding part Pass through. As described above, since the ventilation path has bent portions at a plurality of locations, it is possible to preferably prevent rainwater entering from the fourth small gap together with outside air from entering the cabin space.

It is sectional drawing which illustrates one form of the eaves structure of this invention. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the eaves bottom to which the fireproof damper was fixed. It is a perspective view which shows the fireproof damper attached to the ventilation path. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the eaves bottom to which the fireproof damper was fixed through the attachment piece, (b) is a perspective view which expands and shows an attachment piece. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional eaves structure.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the eaves structure of the house of the present embodiment includes a roof material 3 supported by rafters 2 that are horizontally spaced, and an exterior material 4 that is fixed to the rafters 2 and extends vertically. The eaves cage 5 attached to the upper part of the exterior material 4 and receiving rainwater from the roof material 3 and the eaves edge draining plate 6 fixed to the roof material 3 are formed.

  The rafter 2 is fixed to a flange portion 7f of a roof beam 7 made of, for example, a steel material such as I-shaped steel or H-shaped steel via a fixing bracket 9. Moreover, the rafter 2 of the present embodiment has a gradient that descends from the ridge side toward the eaves side.

  The roofing material 3 of the present embodiment includes a field plate 3A that is fixed to the upper surface of the rafter 2, and a roofing material 3B that is disposed on the field plate 3A via, for example, a waterproof sheet (not shown). Composed. The roof covering material 3B is attached, for example, via a parting material 13 fixed to the field board 3A. Moreover, the roofing material 3 has the protrusion part 10 which protrudes from the end surface 2t of the rafter 2 to the eaves side S1.

  The exterior material 4 is fixed to the end surface 2 t of the rafter 2 via a nose plate base material 16 and a seal material 18, and extends vertically below the protruding portion 10 of the roof material 3. 2, the upper ends 4u and 16u of the exterior material 4 and the nose plate base material 16 are arranged with the lower surface of the protruding portion 10 and the first small gap C1 therebetween.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the exterior material 4 is, for example, an interior material such as a frame material and a heat insulating material framed in a rectangular shape arranged on the indoor side S <b> 2 and below the roof beam 7 (both not shown). The outer wall 17 is comprised by including these. In addition, as the exterior material 4, a ceramics-type, metal-type or other siding board may be used, and a decoration material (not shown) such as a tile material may be attached to the surface.

  The eaves 5 of the present embodiment is supported by an eaves wall base material 22 made of wood fixed to the upper part of the exterior material 4 and an eaves wall mounting material 24 fixed via an eaves edge decorative plate 23. Further, the eaves 5 is provided with a eave 26 extending downward from a hole (not shown) formed in the lower part thereof. The gutter 26 is attached via a gripping metal 27 fixed to the exterior material 4 and can guide rainwater in the eaves gutter 5 to, for example, a drain outlet (not shown) on the ground.

  The eaves edge decorative plate 23 is formed of a thin metal plate such as an iron plate, for example, and extends along the exterior material 4, and the upper end of the decorative plate main body 31 on the lower surface of the protruding portion 10 of the roof material 3. And a return portion 32 extending to the eaves side S1 with a small length.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the upper end of the decorative board main body 31 terminates with a lower surface of the protruding portion 10 of the roof material 3 and a second small gap C <b> 2. Further, the inclination angle of the return portion 32 is parallel to the base plate 3A so that the gap between the upper surface of the return portion 32 and the lower surface of the protruding portion 10 is not narrower than the second small gap C2, or Slightly larger is preferable.

  In addition, the eaves edge decorative plate 23 is folded on the decorative plate main body 31 with a protruding portion 33 protruding downward from the lower surface of the eaves ridge base material 22 and a lower end of the protruding portion 33, and A covering portion 34 is provided that covers the lower surface of the eaves base material 22 by extending along the lower surface and having the other end in contact with the exterior material 4.

  The projecting portion 33 drains rainwater that flows along the outer surface of the decorative board body 31, and can prevent the rainwater from entering the lower surface of the eaves base material 22. Further, in the cover portion 34 of the present embodiment, a parting portion 35 that protrudes downward in a protruding corner shape is formed on the exterior material 4 side. Such a parting portion 35 covers the parting part between the eaves base material 22 and the exterior material 4 to enhance aesthetics, and rainwater flowing along the lower surface of the covering portion 34 wraps around the eaves base material 22 side. Can be suppressed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the eaves edge draining plate 6 includes an inclined draining body 6a descending from the end portion 3t of the roofing material 3 toward the eaves ridge 5, and the eaves edge decorative plate 23 side from the draining body 6a. And a rain protection piece 6b. In addition, the eaves edge draining plate 6 of the present embodiment has an adhering piece 38 extending from the end portion 3t of the roof material 3 along the field plate 3A through the gap 14 formed between the field plate 3A and the roof covering material 3B. Have. The eaves edge draining plate 6 is fixed to the roof material 3 by fixing the fixing pieces 38 to the field plate 3A.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the draining body 6 a of the present embodiment includes a substrate portion 41 extending from the end of the base plate 3 </ b> A with the inclination, and a folded portion 42 that is folded inward at the lower end of the substrate portion 41. Composed. The lower end of the draining body 6a protrudes to the outdoor side from the eaves side end portion 3Bt of the roof covering material 3B. Thereby, the draining body 6a can receive the rain water flowing down from the eaves side end 3Bt and guide it to the eaves bowl 5 (not shown in FIG. 2, but shown in FIG. 1).

  The rain protection piece 6b of the present embodiment is bent at the end of the folded portion 42 of the draining body 6a, and is formed with an inclination extending toward the eaves edge decorative plate 23 and downward. Further, the rain protection piece 6b separates the tip of the return portion 32 of the eaves edge decorative plate 23 from the third small gap C3 and ends with the decorative plate main body 31 and the fourth small gap C4. Further, a folded portion 43 that is folded inward is formed at the end of the rain shield 6b. Thus, the eaves edge draining plate 6 can cover the field board 3A on the eaves side with the draining body 6a and the rain guard piece 6b, and the durability of the field board 3A can be improved. Further, in the eaves edge draining plate 6 of the present embodiment, the draining body 6a, the rain protection piece 6b, and the fixing piece 38 can be formed by bending, for example, a single metal thin plate, and at low cost.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the eaves-end structure of the present embodiment is configured such that the attic space 44 and the outside air are separated by the first, second, third, and fourth small gaps C1, C2, C3, and C4. A ventilation path 45 (shown in FIG. 1) is formed. As shown in FIG. 1, the eaves end structure of the present embodiment can form a ventilation path 45 without providing a gap between the exterior material 4 and the eaves eaves 5, and the eaves protrusion dimension L <b> 1 compared to the conventional eaves end structure. Can be reduced. For this reason, even if the thickness of the outer wall 17 is increased to improve various performances such as heat insulation and sound insulation, the increase can be absorbed, and it is advantageous for limiting the oblique line such as the road oblique line and the north oblique line. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in living space. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, such an eaves tip structure can reduce the distance from the exterior material 4 to the flange 26 because the eaves protrusion dimension L1 is small. As a result, the heel 26 can be formed straight without increasing the aesthetic appearance while being formed straight without forming a bent portion by an elbow or the like with the eaves ridge 5.

  In addition, the ventilation path 45 changes the direction of the outdoor outside air after passing through the fourth small gap C4 and then passes upward through the third small gap C3 to the exterior material 4 side. Instead, it passes through the second small gap C <b> 2 and the first small gap C <b> 1 and leads to the cabin space 44. Since such a ventilation path 45 has a plurality of bent portions R, rainwater can be preferably prevented from entering the cabin space 44 together with outside air.

  The minimum distances W1, W2, W3, and W4 of the first, second, third, and fourth small gaps C1, C2, C3, and C4 are preferably formed, for example, to about 8 to 15 mm, respectively. Thereby, even if the some bending part R is formed in the ventilation path 45, sufficient air permeability is securable. Further, the first, second, third, and fourth small gaps C1, C2, C3, and C4 do not necessarily have to be continuous in the horizontal direction between the rafters 2.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a fire damper 51 that blocks an air flow due to a temperature rise may be fixed to the ventilation path 45. The fire damper 51 includes, for example, a long main body 52 extending in the horizontal direction, a slit-shaped air hole 53 formed on the front surface of the main body 52, and a damper portion that closes the air hole 53 due to a temperature rise. 54. The main body 52 includes a substrate 55 and a pair of flange pieces 56 and 57 extending in a flange shape at the upper and lower ends of the substrate 55. A plurality of vent holes 53 are provided in the horizontal direction of the substrate 55.

  The fire damper 51 according to the present embodiment is arranged such that the substrate 55 faces the eaves side S <b> 1 between the upper end 4 u of the exterior material 4 and the lower surface of the protruding portion 10. The main body 52 is fixed to the nose plate base material 16 in a hole 58 formed in the substrate 55 using a fixing tool 59 such as a screw or a nail. It is preferable that a nonflammable sealing material 60 is disposed between the upper flange piece 56 and the lower surface of the protruding portion 10 and between the lower flange piece 57 and the upper end 4 u of the exterior material 4.

  As described above, the fire damper 51 is fixed to the ventilation path 45, so that it is possible to block the flame and hot air that enter with the outside air, so that the flame enters the cabin space 44 (shown in FIG. 1) and the like. Can be prevented.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, when the roof material 3 has a relatively large gradient, the place where the fire damper 51 is attached is covered with the roof material 3, so the fixing tool 59 such as a screw is attached to the nose plate base. It is not easy to drive the material 16 horizontally. In such a case, it is preferable that the fireproof damper 51 is fixed via the mounting piece 61.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the mounting piece 61 of the present embodiment is parallel to the fireproof damper mounting surface 62 and the nose plate base material 16 that are inclined in a direction substantially perpendicular to the lower surface of the protruding portion 10. A rear surface 63 extending from the upper end of the fire damper mounting surface 62 and an upper end of the rear surface 63 and extending along the lower surface of the protruding portion 10, and a lower end of the fire damper mounting surface 62 and a lower end of the rear surface 63. For example, it is formed in a substantially trapezoidal cross section. On the fire damper mounting surface 62 and the back surface 63, a hole 66 through which the fixing tool 59 is inserted and a hole 67 that ensures ventilation of the ventilation path 45 are formed.

  The attachment piece 61 makes the rear surface 63 abut on the nose plate base material 16, the upper surface 64 abuts on the protruding portion 10, and the fire damper 51 contacts the fire damper mounting surface 62. Thereby, since the fire damper mounting surface 62 and the fire damper 51 can be inclined in a direction substantially perpendicular to the lower surface of the protruding portion 10, the fixing tool 59 can be inserted substantially parallel to the protruding portion 10. In addition, the fixing tool 59 is driven in an inclined state with respect to the nose plate base material 16, but since the fire-proof damper 51 is stably supported by the mounting piece 61, it can be fixed easily.

  As mentioned above, although especially preferable embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to embodiment of illustration, It can deform | transform and implement in a various aspect.

2 rafters 3 roofing material 4 exterior material 5 eaves 6 eaves draining board 6a drainage body 6b rain shield 16 nose plate base material 22 eaves base material 23 eaves decorative board 31 decorative board body 32 return part C1 first small gap C2 first 2 small gaps C3 3rd small gap C4 4th small gap

Claims (3)

The eaves structure of the house,
A roofing material supported by rafters horizontally spaced and having a protruding portion protruding from the end surface of the rafter eaves to the eaves side;
An exterior material fixed to the rafter via a nose plate base material and extending vertically below the protruding portion of the roof material;
An eaves bowl that receives rainwater from the roofing material attached to the eaves wall base material fixed to the upper part of the exterior material via an eaves edge decorative plate,
Including an eaves drainage board fixed to the roofing material,
Each upper end of the exterior material and the nose plate base material is arranged with a lower surface of the protruding portion and a first small gap,
The eaves edge decorative plate extends along the exterior material and ends with a lower surface of the protruding portion and a second small gap, and at the upper end of the decorative plate main body along the lower surface of the protruding portion And a return part that extends
The eaves edge draining board is an inclined drainage body that descends from the end portion of the roofing material toward the eaves wall, and the lower end of the eaves edge decorative plate is separated from the tip of the return part of the eaves edge decorative board by a third small gap. By including a decorative panel body and a rain shield that terminates with a fourth small gap as well as extending,
The eaves structure in which the cabin space communicates with the outside air through a ventilation path that passes through the first, second, third, and fourth small gaps.   The eaves tip structure according to claim 1, wherein a fireproof damper that blocks an air flow due to a temperature rise is fixed to the ventilation path. The roofing material has a slope,
The fire damper is fixed to the nose plate base material via an attachment piece, and
The eaves tip structure according to claim 2, wherein the attachment piece has an inclined fireproof damper attachment surface in a direction substantially orthogonal to the lower surface of the protruding portion.

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