JP7240093B2 - ventilation structure - Google Patents

ventilation structure Download PDF

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JP7240093B2
JP7240093B2 JP2017217677A JP2017217677A JP7240093B2 JP 7240093 B2 JP7240093 B2 JP 7240093B2 JP 2017217677 A JP2017217677 A JP 2017217677A JP 2017217677 A JP2017217677 A JP 2017217677A JP 7240093 B2 JP7240093 B2 JP 7240093B2
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ventilation
heat insulating
insulating material
ventilation member
wall
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JP2019090167A (en
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沙瑶 小林
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KMEW Co Ltd
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Kubota Matsushitadenko Exterior Works Ltd
KMEW Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/244Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires

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Description

本発明は、通気構造に関し、詳細には、小屋裏、通気層、屋外空間等を通じさせる通気部材を備える通気構造に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a ventilation structure , and more particularly, to a ventilation structure provided with a ventilation member that allows passage of an attic, a ventilation layer, an outdoor space, or the like.

従来、小屋裏、通気層、屋外空間等を通じさせる通気部材を備えた通気構造が知られている。例えば特許文献1には、躯体の屋外側に設けられた外装材の上に軒天通気野縁を設けることにより、小屋裏と外壁内部の空間とを連通させた構造が開示され、この軒天通気野縁は躯体と直接的に接している。 BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there are known ventilation structures provided with ventilation members that allow passage of attics, ventilation layers, outdoor spaces, and the like. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a structure in which an eaves ventilation lining is provided on an exterior material provided on the outdoor side of a building frame so that the attic and the space inside the outer wall are communicated. The ventilation field edge is in direct contact with the frame.

特開2002-97766号公報JP-A-2002-97766

しかし、通気部材と躯体が直接的に接している場合、屋外の火事等で生じた熱気が通気部材内に入り、通気部材が加熱されることで躯体も加熱され、小屋裏、通気層等の温度が急激に上昇することがあった。 However, if the ventilation member and the building frame are in direct contact with each other, heat generated by an outdoor fire enters the ventilation member, heating the ventilation member and heating the building frame. The temperature could rise sharply.

本発明は、小屋裏、通気層等の温度が急激に上昇することを抑制できる通気構造を提供することを目的とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation structure capable of suppressing a rapid temperature rise in an attic, ventilation layer, and the like.

本発明の一実施形態に係る通気構造は、躯体の屋外側に設けられた外壁の上に通気部材が設置されており、前記躯体の屋外側に壁下地を備え、前記通気部材と前記躯体との間に断熱材が設けられており、前記断熱材が、少なくとも躯体側が露出した状態で、前記壁下地と隙間を介して対向しており、前記外壁と前記壁下地との間に、通気層が形成されており、前記通気部材は、屋外空間と、前記通気層とを相互に連通する。 In a ventilation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, a ventilation member is installed on an outer wall provided on the outdoor side of a skeleton, a wall base is provided on the outdoor side of the skeleton, and the ventilation member and the skeleton A heat insulating material is provided between and, the heat insulating material is opposed to the wall base with at least a frame side exposed, and ventilation is provided between the outer wall and the wall base A layer is formed, and the ventilation member interconnects the outdoor space and the ventilation layer.

本発明の通気構造は、小屋裏、通気層等の温度が急激に上昇することを抑制することができる。 The ventilation structure of the present invention can suppress a rapid temperature rise in the attic, the ventilation layer, and the like.

図1は、第一実施形態に係る通気構造を示す概略の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the ventilation structure according to the first embodiment. 図2は、第一実施形態に係る通気部材を示す概略の斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the ventilation member according to the first embodiment. 図3は、第二実施形態に係る通気構造を示す概略の断面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the ventilation structure according to the second embodiment. 図4Aは、第三実施形態に係る通気構造を示す概略の断面図である。図4Bは、第三実施形態に係る通気構造において、断熱材が膨張した状態を示す概略の断面図である。FIG. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the ventilation structure according to the third embodiment. FIG. 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the heat insulating material is expanded in the ventilation structure according to the third embodiment. 図5Aは、第四実施形態に係る通気構造を示す概略の断面図である。図5Bは、第四実施形態に係る通気構造において、断熱材が膨張した状態を示す概略の断面図である。FIG. 5A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the ventilation structure according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 5B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the heat insulating material is expanded in the ventilation structure according to the fourth embodiment. 図6Aは、第五実施形態に係る通気構造を示す概略の断面図である。図6Bは、第五実施形態に係る通気構造において、断熱材が膨張した状態を示す概略の断面図である。FIG. 6A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the ventilation structure according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the heat insulating material is expanded in the ventilation structure according to the fifth embodiment. 図7Aは、第六実施形態に係る断熱材付き通気部材を示す概略の断面図である。図7Bは、第六実施形態に係る通気構造を示す概略の断面図である。FIG. 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a ventilation member with heat insulating material according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the ventilation structure according to the sixth embodiment.

以下、本発明を実施するための形態を説明する。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described below.

1.第一実施形態
以下、第一実施形態に係る通気構造1について、さらに詳しく説明する。
1. 1st embodiment Hereinafter, the ventilation structure 1 which concerns on 1st embodiment is demonstrated in more detail.

本実施形態に係る通気構造1は、建物の軒下の構造に関する。通気構造1は、図1に示すように、躯体と、通気部材3と、断熱材4と、外壁5と、屋根6と、小屋裏8とを備えている。 A ventilation structure 1 according to this embodiment relates to a structure under the eaves of a building. The ventilation structure 1 includes a frame, a ventilation member 3, a heat insulating material 4, an outer wall 5, a roof 6, and an attic 8, as shown in FIG.

1-1.躯体について
躯体は、建物を構造的に支える骨組みである。本実施形態において、躯体には、図1で符号2で示す桁、符号60で示す垂木、符号500で示す柱等が含まれる。
1-1. About the frame The frame is the framework that supports the structure of the building. In this embodiment, the building frame includes girders indicated by reference numeral 2 in FIG. 1, rafters indicated by reference numeral 60, columns indicated by reference numeral 500, and the like.

桁2は、垂木60を受けるように配置されている。桁2は、屋内外方向と直交する方向に延びる長尺な部材である。桁2の断面形状は、特に限定されないが、例えば矩形である。桁2の材質は特に限定されないが、強度、重量等の観点から、例えば木製である。 Girder 2 is arranged to receive rafters 60 . The girder 2 is a long member extending in a direction perpendicular to the indoor/outdoor direction. The cross-sectional shape of the girder 2 is not particularly limited, but is rectangular, for example. Although the material of the girder 2 is not particularly limited, it is made of wood, for example, from the viewpoint of strength, weight, and the like.

垂木60は複数設けられている。複数の垂木60の上方には、後述の屋根6が設けられる。このため垂木60は、屋根6を支えている。垂木60の屋外側の先端には、鼻隠し下地63が取り付けられている。鼻隠し下地63は、複数の垂木60に亘って取り付けられている。本実施形態の鼻隠し下地63は、外壁5の上方に位置しているが、これに限定されず、例えば、外壁5の屋外側の上方に位置していてもよい。本実施形態の鼻隠し下地63は、長尺な部材であり、その断面形状は矩形である。鼻隠し下地63の屋外側には、鼻隠し64が取り付けられている。鼻隠し64は、屋根6の下方に位置する。鼻隠し64は、例えば、長尺な板状の部材であり、その断面形状は矩形である。 A plurality of rafters 60 are provided. Above the plurality of rafters 60, a roof 6, which will be described later, is provided. The rafters 60 thus support the roof 6 . A fascia base 63 is attached to the tip of the rafter 60 on the outdoor side. The fascia base 63 is attached over a plurality of rafters 60. - 特許庁The fascia base 63 of the present embodiment is positioned above the outer wall 5, but is not limited to this, and may be positioned above the outer wall 5 on the outdoor side, for example. The fascia base 63 of this embodiment is an elongated member having a rectangular cross-sectional shape. A fascia 64 is attached to the outdoor side of the fascia base 63. - 特許庁A fascia 64 is located below the roof 6 . The fascia 64 is, for example, an elongated plate-like member having a rectangular cross section.

柱500は、桁2の下方に設けられている。柱500は間隔をあけて複数本設けられている。 A pillar 500 is provided below the girder 2 . A plurality of pillars 500 are provided at intervals.

1-2.外壁について
本実施形態の外壁5は、建物において、屋内空間と屋外空間9とを仕切る壁である。本実施形態の外壁5は、後述の通気部材3の下方に位置する。外壁5は、鼻隠し下地63の直下に位置しているが、これに限定されず、外壁5が鼻隠し下地63の屋内側の下方に位置していてもよい。
1-2. About the Outer Wall The outer wall 5 of the present embodiment is a wall that separates the indoor space and the outdoor space 9 in the building. The outer wall 5 of this embodiment is located below the ventilation member 3 described later. The outer wall 5 is positioned directly below the fascia base 63, but is not limited to this, and the outer wall 5 may be positioned below the fascia base 63 on the indoor side.

外壁5は、壁下地50の屋外側に配置された複数の外壁材51を含む。複数の外壁材51は、複数の縦胴縁53に取り付けられている。外壁材51は、パネル状の外壁材であり、例えば、窯業系サイディング材や、金属サイディング材などにより構成される。本実施形態の外壁材51は、横張り用の外壁材であるが、縦張り用の外壁材により構成されてもよい。なお、外壁材51を縦張りする場合には、例えば、横胴縁に取り付けられる。 The outer wall 5 includes a plurality of outer wall materials 51 arranged on the outdoor side of the wall base 50 . A plurality of exterior wall materials 51 are attached to a plurality of longitudinal furring strips 53 . The exterior wall material 51 is a panel-shaped exterior wall material, and is composed of, for example, a ceramic siding material, a metal siding material, or the like. The exterior wall material 51 of the present embodiment is a horizontal exterior wall material, but may be configured by a vertical exterior wall material. When the outer wall material 51 is vertically installed, it is attached to the horizontal furring strip, for example.

壁下地50は、複数の柱500と、柱500の屋外側に取り付けられた透湿防水シート52とを含む。透湿防水シート52の屋外側には、水平方向に一定の間隔をおいて、複数の縦胴縁53が配置されている。 The wall base 50 includes a plurality of pillars 500 and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 52 attached to the outdoor side of the pillars 500 . A plurality of vertical furring strips 53 are arranged on the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 52 at regular intervals in the horizontal direction.

外壁材51と壁下地50との間には、通気層54が形成されている。通気層54は、壁下地50と外壁材51との間に配置された複数の縦胴縁53によって形成されている。壁下地50は、複数の柱500を含み、柱500上には桁2が配置されている。このため、外壁5は、躯体の屋外側に設けられている。また通気層54は、外壁5と躯体との間に設けられている。通気層54には、外壁5の下方から空気が流入し、流入した空気が通気層54を上昇し、その後、通気部材3を介して、屋外空間又は小屋裏8に流出する。この通気層54内を移動する空気により、通気層54が換気され、外壁材51の裏面や壁下地50の表面(透湿防水シート52の表面)に生じる結露が抑制される。また、外壁材51と壁下地50との間に通気層54が設けられていることで、断熱効果が得られる。 A ventilation layer 54 is formed between the exterior wall material 51 and the wall base 50 . The ventilation layer 54 is formed by a plurality of vertical furring strips 53 arranged between the wall base 50 and the exterior wall material 51 . The wall base 50 includes a plurality of pillars 500, and the girders 2 are arranged on the pillars 500. - 特許庁Therefore, the outer wall 5 is provided on the outdoor side of the frame. Also, the ventilation layer 54 is provided between the outer wall 5 and the frame. Air flows into the ventilation layer 54 from below the outer wall 5, the air that has flowed in rises through the ventilation layer 54, and then flows out to the outdoor space or the attic 8 through the ventilation member 3. - 特許庁The ventilation layer 54 is ventilated by the air moving in the ventilation layer 54, and dew condensation on the back surface of the exterior wall material 51 and the surface of the wall substrate 50 (surface of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 52) is suppressed. In addition, since the ventilation layer 54 is provided between the outer wall material 51 and the wall base 50, a heat insulating effect can be obtained.

また、外壁材51を縦張りする場合、横胴縁により壁下地50と外壁材51との間に隙間が形成され、これにより通気層54が形成される。横胴縁は、水平方向に延びているが、水平方向に隣り合う横胴縁との間に通気用の隙間が形成される。また、通気層54は、外壁材51を壁下地50に取り付ける取付金具によって形成されてもよい。 Further, when the outer wall material 51 is vertically stretched, a gap is formed between the wall base 50 and the outer wall material 51 by the horizontal furring strip, thereby forming the ventilation layer 54 . The lateral furring strips extend horizontally, but ventilating gaps are formed between horizontally adjacent lateral furring strips. Also, the ventilation layer 54 may be formed by a mounting bracket that attaches the exterior wall material 51 to the wall base 50 .

なお、外壁5の下方から空気が流入する構造については、周知のスタータ金具を用いて実現されている。このため、説明を省略する。 The structure in which air flows in from below the outer wall 5 is realized using a well-known starter fitting. Therefore, the description is omitted.

1-3.屋根について
屋根6は、建物の骨組みとなる躯体の最上部を覆うように設けられる。このため、本実施形態の屋根6は、最上部に位置する躯体である垂木60を覆うように設けられている。屋根6は、垂木60上に設けられた野地板61と、野地板61上に設けられた複数の屋根材62と、を含む。屋根材62は、例えば瓦である。
1-3. About Roof The roof 6 is provided so as to cover the uppermost part of the skeleton that serves as the frame of the building. For this reason, the roof 6 of the present embodiment is provided so as to cover the rafters 60, which are the uppermost skeleton. The roof 6 includes sheathing boards 61 provided on the rafters 60 and a plurality of roof materials 62 arranged on the sheathing boards 61 . The roof material 62 is, for example, tiles.

1-4.小屋裏について
本実施形態の小屋裏8は、屋根6の下方の空間である。本実施形態では、建物の天井を構成する天井板81が屋内空間内に設けられている。このため、小屋裏8は野地板61と、天井板81との間の空間でもある。
1-4. Attic The attic 8 in this embodiment is a space below the roof 6 . In this embodiment, a ceiling plate 81 that constitutes the ceiling of the building is provided in the indoor space. Therefore, the attic 8 is also a space between the sheathing board 61 and the ceiling board 81. - 特許庁

1-5.通気部材について
本実施形態の通気部材3は、通気見切材であり、外壁5の上に設けられている。詳細には、通気部材3は、平側の外壁5の上端部に取り付けられている。
1-5. Ventilation Member The ventilation member 3 of the present embodiment is a ventilation partition and is provided on the outer wall 5 . Specifically, the ventilation member 3 is attached to the upper end of the outer wall 5 on the flat side.

通気部材3は、通気層54、小屋裏8、及び屋外空間9を通気するための部材である。通気部材3は、水平に延びており、外壁材51の上端の全長にわたって取り付けられる。 The ventilation member 3 is a member for ventilating the ventilation layer 54 , the attic 8 , and the outdoor space 9 . The ventilation member 3 extends horizontally and is attached over the entire length of the upper end of the outer wall material 51 .

通気部材3は、図2に示すように、屋外側開口360と、下開口540と、上開口80とを有する本体部30と、本体部30を外壁に固定する取付部350とを備えている。本体部30と取付部350とは板金加工により一体に成形されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the ventilation member 3 includes a main body portion 30 having an outdoor opening 360, a lower opening 540, and an upper opening 80, and a mounting portion 350 for fixing the main body portion 30 to the outer wall. . The body portion 30 and the mounting portion 350 are formed integrally by sheet metal processing.

本体部30は、通気部材3の主体を構成する部分である。本体部30の内部には、屋外空間9と通じる屋外側開口360と、通気層54と通じる下開口540と、小屋裏8と通じる上開口80と、に相互に連通する通気路300を有している。本体部30は、天板部31と、屋外側縦片部32と、底板部33と、一対の側面部34、35と、屋外側横片部36と、屋内側横片部37と、縦板部38と、縦片部39と、を備えている。 The body portion 30 is a portion that constitutes the main body of the ventilation member 3 . Inside the body part 30, there is a ventilation path 300 that communicates with an outdoor side opening 360 communicating with the outdoor space 9, a lower opening 540 communicating with the ventilation layer 54, and an upper opening 80 communicating with the attic 8. ing. The body portion 30 includes a top plate portion 31, an outdoor side vertical piece portion 32, a bottom plate portion 33, a pair of side portions 34 and 35, an outdoor side horizontal piece portion 36, an indoor side horizontal piece portion 37, and a vertical A plate portion 38 and a vertical piece portion 39 are provided.

天板部31は、本体部30の上面を構成する部分であり、本実施形態の天板部31は、上開口80を備えている。天板部31は、水平面に沿って延びている。天板部31は上開口80と同一平面上に位置している。 The top plate portion 31 is a portion that constitutes the upper surface of the main body portion 30 , and the top plate portion 31 of this embodiment includes an upper opening 80 . The top plate portion 31 extends along the horizontal plane. The top plate portion 31 is positioned on the same plane as the upper opening 80 .

屋外側縦片部32は、天板部31の屋外側の端部から下方に延出している。屋外側縦片部32は、鉛直面に沿って形成されている。屋外側縦片部32の上下方向の中間部分には、屋内側に向かって延出する屋外側横片部36が形成されている。 The outdoor-side vertical piece portion 32 extends downward from the outdoor-side end portion of the top plate portion 31 . The outdoor vertical piece 32 is formed along a vertical plane. An outdoor horizontal piece 36 extending toward the indoor side is formed in the vertical intermediate portion of the outdoor vertical piece 32 .

屋外側横片部36は、天板部31の下方に隙間を介して位置している。屋外側横片部36の屋内側の端部には、下方に延出する側面部34(以下、屋外側側面部34という)が形成されている。屋外側開口360は、屋外側横片部36と屋外側側面部34とに跨って形成されており、通気部材3の長手方向に一定のピッチで複数並設されている。屋外側側面部34の下端部には、屋内側に向かって延出する底板部33が形成されている。 The outdoor side horizontal piece portion 36 is positioned below the top plate portion 31 with a gap therebetween. A downwardly extending side surface portion 34 (hereinafter referred to as an outdoor side surface portion 34 ) is formed at the indoor end portion of the outdoor side horizontal piece portion 36 . The outdoor openings 360 are formed across the outdoor lateral piece 36 and the outdoor side surface 34 , and are arranged side by side at a constant pitch in the longitudinal direction of the ventilation member 3 . A bottom plate portion 33 extending toward the indoor side is formed at the lower end portion of the outdoor side surface portion 34 .

底板部33は、本体部30の底面を構成する部分であり、天板部31の下方に対向して配置されている。底板部33は、屋外側側面部34に略直交しているが、詳しくは、屋外側側面部34に向かってやや下り傾斜している。屋外側側面部34と底板部33とのコーナー部分には、水抜き孔340が形成されており、水抜き孔340を介して底板部33に付着した雨水を排出できる。底板部33の屋内側の端部には、上方に延出する側面部35(以下、屋内側側面部35という)が形成されている。 The bottom plate portion 33 is a portion forming the bottom surface of the main body portion 30 and is arranged to face the top plate portion 31 below. The bottom plate portion 33 is substantially orthogonal to the outdoor side surface portion 34 , but more specifically, is slightly downwardly inclined toward the outdoor side surface portion 34 . A drain hole 340 is formed in a corner portion between the outdoor side surface portion 34 and the bottom plate portion 33 , and rainwater adhering to the bottom plate portion 33 can be discharged through the drain hole 340 . A side surface portion 35 extending upward (hereinafter referred to as an indoor side surface portion 35 ) is formed at the indoor-side end portion of the bottom plate portion 33 .

屋内側側面部35は、通気部材3の屋内側の面の大部分を構成する部分である。屋内側側面部35は、鉛直面に沿って延びている。屋内側側面部35は、通気部材3が取り付けられた状態で、縦胴縁53に当たって接する。屋内側側面部35の上端には、屋内側に向かって延出する屋内側横片部37が形成されている。 The indoor-side side surface portion 35 is a portion that constitutes most of the indoor-side surface of the ventilation member 3 . The indoor-side side portion 35 extends along the vertical plane. The indoor-side side surface portion 35 comes into contact with the vertical furring strip 53 in a state where the ventilation member 3 is attached. An indoor side lateral piece 37 extending toward the indoor side is formed at the upper end of the indoor side side portion 35 .

屋内側横片部37は、天板部31の下方に隙間を介して位置しており、水平面に沿って延びている。屋内側横片部37には、複数の下開口540が形成されている。下開口540は、通気部材3の長手方向に沿って一定のピッチで複数形成されている。下開口540は、天板部31の屋内側の端部よりも屋内側に位置している。屋内側横片部37の屋内側の端部には、上方に延出する縦板部38が形成されている。 The indoor side horizontal piece portion 37 is positioned below the top plate portion 31 with a gap therebetween and extends along the horizontal plane. A plurality of lower openings 540 are formed in the indoor side lateral piece portion 37 . A plurality of lower openings 540 are formed at a constant pitch along the longitudinal direction of the ventilation member 3 . The lower opening 540 is located on the indoor side of the indoor-side end of the top plate portion 31 . A vertical plate portion 38 extending upward is formed at the indoor-side end portion of the indoor-side horizontal piece portion 37 .

縦板部38は、鉛直面に沿って形成されており、屋内側横片部37に直交している。縦板部38は、下開口540に近接して配置されている。縦板部38の上端部は、屋外側に下方へ折り返されており、いわゆるヘミング曲げがなされている。縦板部38は、通気部材3が取り付けられると、図1に示すように、屋外側の面(以下、気流受け面380)が通気層54の厚み方向の中程に位置するように構成されている。これにより、万が一、屋外側開口360から雨水が吹き込み、気流受け面380に雨水が付着しても、縦板部38から落下する雨水が、壁下地50及び外壁材51の裏面に付着しにくくできる。 The vertical plate portion 38 is formed along a vertical plane and perpendicular to the indoor side horizontal piece portion 37 . The vertical plate portion 38 is arranged close to the lower opening 540 . The upper end portion of the vertical plate portion 38 is folded downward toward the outside, and is so-called hemmed. The vertical plate portion 38 is configured such that when the ventilation member 3 is attached, the surface on the outdoor side (hereinafter referred to as the airflow receiving surface 380) is positioned in the middle of the ventilation layer 54 in the thickness direction, as shown in FIG. ing. As a result, even if rainwater blows in from the outdoor side opening 360 and adheres to the airflow receiving surface 380, the rainwater falling from the vertical plate portion 38 is less likely to adhere to the back surface of the wall base 50 and the outer wall material 51. - 特許庁.

縦板部38の上端部は、図2に示すように、天板部31の屋内側の端部との間で上開口80を形成する。上開口80は小屋裏8に向かって開口する。上開口80は、主に、屋外側開口360との間で通気を行うが、下開口540との間でも通気可能である。上開口80は、通気部材3の長手方向の全長にわたって連続して形成されている。 The upper end portion of the vertical plate portion 38 forms an upper opening 80 with the indoor-side end portion of the top plate portion 31, as shown in FIG. The upper opening 80 opens toward the attic 8. - 特許庁The upper opening 80 mainly ventilates with the outdoor opening 360 , but can also ventilate with the lower opening 540 . The upper opening 80 is formed continuously over the entire length of the ventilation member 3 in the longitudinal direction.

また、天板部31において、屋内外方向の中間部分には、下方に延出する縦片部39が形成されている。縦片部39は、鉛直面に沿って延びて板状に形成されており、縦片部39の下端は、底板部33との間に隙間を介して位置している。また、縦片部39は、屋内側側面部35の屋外側に隙間を介して配置されており、具体的には、屋内側側面部35に対して平行に延びている。 In addition, in the top plate portion 31, a vertical piece portion 39 extending downward is formed at an intermediate portion in the indoor/outdoor direction. The vertical piece portion 39 is formed in a plate-like shape extending along the vertical plane, and the lower end of the vertical piece portion 39 is located between the bottom plate portion 33 and the bottom plate portion 33 with a gap therebetween. The vertical piece 39 is arranged on the outdoor side of the indoor-side side surface 35 with a gap therebetween, and specifically extends parallel to the indoor-side side surface 35 .

このような構成の本体部30には、取付部350が設けられている。取付部350は、屋内側側面部35の下端部から下方に延出している。取付部350は、図1に示すように、縦胴縁53を介して壁下地50にねじ、釘などの固定具で留めされて固定される。 A mounting portion 350 is provided in the main body portion 30 having such a configuration. The mounting portion 350 extends downward from the lower end portion of the indoor-side side portion 35 . As shown in FIG. 1, the mounting portion 350 is fixed to the wall base 50 via the vertical furring strip 53 by fixing tools such as screws and nails.

なお、取付部350が壁下地50に固定された状態において、底板部33の下方において外壁材51が壁下地50に取り付けられる。この後、外壁材51と底板部33との間にシーリングが設けられる。 In addition, in a state where the mounting portion 350 is fixed to the wall base 50 , the outer wall material 51 is attached to the wall base 50 below the bottom plate portion 33 . After this, sealing is provided between the outer wall material 51 and the bottom plate portion 33 .

1-6.断熱材
本実施形態の断熱材4は、図1に示すように、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられ、詳細には、通気部材3の縦板部38と桁2との間に設けられている。すなわち断熱材4は、躯体と通気部材3との間に設けられている。また断熱材4は、桁2と対向するように設けられている。断熱材4は、通気部材3の縦板部38に固定されていてもよく、桁2に固定されていてもよい。例えば、断熱材4が縦板部38に、接着剤で接着されていてもよく、ビス等の固定具で固定されていてもよい。また例えば断熱材4が桁2に接着されていてもよい。この通気部材3と断熱材4とを合わせて、断熱材付き通気部材ともいう。 本実施形態の断熱材4は、耐火性を有する不燃材であることが好ましい。これにより、縦板部38と桁2との熱橋を抑制することができる。本実施形態の断熱材4の具体例としては、セラミックウール、ロックウール、スラグ石膏板等が挙げられる。
1-6. Heat Insulation Material The heat insulation material 4 of the present embodiment is provided between the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2, as shown in FIG. is provided. That is, the heat insulating material 4 is provided between the frame and the ventilation member 3 . Moreover, the heat insulating material 4 is provided so as to face the girder 2 . The heat insulating material 4 may be fixed to the vertical plate portion 38 of the ventilation member 3 or may be fixed to the girder 2 . For example, the heat insulating material 4 may be adhered to the vertical plate portion 38 with an adhesive, or may be fixed with fasteners such as screws. Also, for example, the heat insulating material 4 may be adhered to the girder 2 . The combination of the ventilation member 3 and the heat insulating material 4 is also called a ventilation member with a heat insulating material. It is preferable that the heat insulating material 4 of the present embodiment is a noncombustible material having fire resistance. Thereby, a thermal bridge between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 can be suppressed. Specific examples of the heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment include ceramic wool, rock wool, slag gypsum board, and the like.

1-7.効果
本実施形態の通気構造1では、屋外等で火事が発生した場合に、通気部材3内に熱気が入り込むことにより、通気部材3が急激に加熱されることがある。通気部材3と桁2とが直接接していると、通気部材3が加熱された場合に、熱橋によって桁2が加熱されて、小屋裏8及び通気層54の温度が急激に上昇することがある。
1-7. Effect In the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment, when a fire occurs outdoors or the like, hot air enters the ventilation member 3 and the ventilation member 3 may be rapidly heated. If the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2 are in direct contact with each other, the girder 2 may be heated by the thermal bridge when the ventilation member 3 is heated, and the temperature of the attic 8 and the ventilation layer 54 may rise sharply. be.

この点、本実施形態の通気構造1では、通気部材3と桁2とが直接接しておらず、且つ通気部材3と桁2との間に断熱材4が設けられている。このため、通気部材3が加熱されても、桁2に熱が伝わりにくく、小屋裏8及び通気層54の急激な温度上昇を抑制することができる。 In this regard, in the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment, the ventilation member 3 and the beam 2 are not in direct contact, and the heat insulating material 4 is provided between the ventilation member 3 and the beam 2 . Therefore, even if the ventilation member 3 is heated, the heat is less likely to be transmitted to the girder 2, and a rapid temperature rise in the attic 8 and the ventilation layer 54 can be suppressed.

また図1に示すように、断熱材4の屋外側の面は通気部材3と接触しているが、断熱材4のその他の面は露出している。また断熱材4は、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられていることから、断熱材4は桁2と対向している。これらの点から断熱材4は、その屋外側の面以外の面が露出した状態で、桁2と対向している。すなわち断熱材4は、その少なくとも一部が露出した状態で、躯体と対向している。断熱材4が通気部材3、取付部材などで覆われた状態、すなわち非露出状態であると、通気部材3と躯体とが直接接触するなどして、通気部材3の加熱時に躯体に熱が伝わりやすいが、本実施形態の断熱材4は、その少なくとも一部が露出した状態であるため、断熱材4が非露出状態である場合よりも、通気部材3の加熱時に、断熱材4が通気部材3と躯体との間に介在し、躯体に熱が伝わりにくい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the surface of the heat insulating material 4 on the outdoor side is in contact with the ventilation member 3, but the other surface of the heat insulating material 4 is exposed. Also, since the heat insulating material 4 is provided between the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2 , the heat insulating material 4 faces the girder 2 . From these points, the heat insulating material 4 faces the girder 2 in a state where the surface other than the surface on the outdoor side is exposed. That is, the heat insulating material 4 faces the building frame with at least a portion thereof exposed. When the heat insulating material 4 is covered with the ventilation member 3, the mounting member, etc., that is, in a non-exposed state, the ventilation member 3 and the frame come into direct contact with each other, and heat is transferred to the frame when the ventilation member 3 is heated. However, since the heat insulating material 4 of the present embodiment is in a state where at least a portion thereof is exposed, the heat insulating material 4 is more likely to become a ventilation member when the ventilation member 3 is heated than when the heat insulating material 4 is in a non-exposed state. It is interposed between 3 and the frame, making it difficult for heat to be transmitted to the frame.

また本実施形態の通気構造1では、断熱材4が通気部材3の通気路300よりも躯体(桁2)側に設けられている。加熱された空気によって通気路300が加熱されるが、断熱材4が通気路300よりも桁2側にあることにより、通気路300から桁2に熱が伝わりにくくし、桁2が昇温することを抑制することができる。 Further, in the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 is provided closer to the frame (beam 2 ) than the ventilation path 300 of the ventilation member 3 . The air passage 300 is heated by the heated air, but since the heat insulating material 4 is located closer to the girder 2 than the air passage 300, heat is less likely to be transferred from the ventilation passage 300 to the girder 2, and the girder 2 is heated. can be suppressed.

2.第二実施形態
第一実施形態に係る通気部材3は、建物の軒下において、外壁材51の上端部に取り付けられるが、通気部材3は、建物のケラバ下において、外壁材51の上端部に取り付けることもできる。第二実施形態に係る通気構造1は、図3に示すように、建物のケラバ下の構造に関する。
2. Second Embodiment The ventilation member 3 according to the first embodiment is attached to the upper end portion of the exterior wall material 51 under the eaves of the building, but the ventilation member 3 is attached to the upper end portion of the exterior wall material 51 under the verge of the building. can also The ventilation structure 1 according to the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, relates to the structure under the verge of the building.

本実施形態の通気構造1は、第一実施形態の通気構造1と同様に、躯体と、通気部材3と、断熱材4とを含み、さらに、外壁5と、屋根6と、小屋裏8とを備える。図3において、符号2は母屋、符号60は垂木、符号63は破風下地、符号64は破風板、符号65はのぼり木、符号500は柱を示す。 Like the ventilation structure 1 of the first embodiment, the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment includes a frame, ventilation members 3, and heat insulating materials 4, and further includes an outer wall 5, a roof 6, and an attic 8. Prepare. 3, reference numeral 2 denotes a purlin, reference numeral 60 denotes a rafter, reference numeral 63 denotes a gable base, reference numeral 64 denotes a gable board, reference numeral 65 denotes a climbing tree, and reference numeral 500 denotes a pillar.

本実施形態において、躯体には、図3において、母屋2、垂木60、柱500が含まれる。母屋2は、屋根6の下方に位置し、柱500の上方に位置している。母屋2は、垂木60を受けるように配置されている。 In this embodiment, the skeleton includes the purlin 2, the rafters 60, and the pillars 500 in FIG. The purlin 2 is positioned below the roof 6 and above the pillar 500 . Purlin 2 is arranged to receive rafters 60 .

垂木60の屋外側の面には、破風下地63が取り付けられている。本実施形態の破風下地63は、外壁5の上方に位置しているが、これに限定されず、例えば外壁5の屋外側の上方に位置していてもよい。破風下地63の屋外側には、破風板64が取り付けられている。破風板64は、屋根6の下方に位置する。 A gable base 63 is attached to the surface of the rafters 60 on the outdoor side. The gable base 63 of the present embodiment is positioned above the outer wall 5, but is not limited to this, and may be positioned above the outer wall 5 on the outdoor side, for example. A gable board 64 is attached to the outdoor side of the gable base 63 . The gable board 64 is positioned below the roof 6 .

本実施形態の通気部材3は、第一実施形態に係る通気部材3と同様の構成を備える。通気部材3は、外壁5の上に設置される。第一実施形態に係る通気部材3は、その長手方向が水平方向に沿う様に取り付けられるが、本実施形態に係る通気部材3は、屋根6の傾斜方向に沿う様に取り付けられる。本実施形態では、通気部材3の上に破風下地63が配置されているため、通気部材3の上開口80が破風下地63で塞がれている。すなわち本実施形態の通気部材3は、小屋裏8と通気できなくてもよい。 The ventilation member 3 of this embodiment has the same configuration as the ventilation member 3 of the first embodiment. The ventilation member 3 is installed on the outer wall 5 . The ventilation member 3 according to the first embodiment is attached so that its longitudinal direction is along the horizontal direction, but the ventilation member 3 according to this embodiment is attached so that the inclination direction of the roof 6 is along. In this embodiment, since the gable base 63 is arranged on the ventilation member 3 , the upper opening 80 of the ventilation member 3 is blocked by the gable base 63 . That is, the ventilation member 3 of this embodiment does not have to be ventilated with the attic 8 .

第一実施形態の外壁5が平側の外壁であったのに対して、本実施形態の外壁5は妻側の外壁である。本実施形態の外壁5は、第一実施形態の外壁5と同様に、複数の外壁材51を含む。外壁5の屋内側には、縦胴縁53が配置され、縦胴縁53の屋内側には壁下地50が配置されている。外壁5と壁下地50との間には通気層54が形成されている。壁下地50は、第一実施形態の壁下地50と同様に、複数の柱500と、柱500の屋外側に設けられた透湿防水シート52とを含む。 While the outer wall 5 of the first embodiment is the outer wall on the flat side, the outer wall 5 of the present embodiment is the outer wall on the gable side. The outer wall 5 of this embodiment includes a plurality of outer wall materials 51, like the outer wall 5 of the first embodiment. A vertical furring strip 53 is arranged on the indoor side of the outer wall 5, and a wall base 50 is arranged on the indoor side of the vertical furring strip 53. - 特許庁A ventilation layer 54 is formed between the outer wall 5 and the wall base 50 . Like the wall base 50 of the first embodiment, the wall base 50 includes a plurality of pillars 500 and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 52 provided on the outdoor side of the pillars 500 .

本実施形態の屋根6及び小屋裏8は、第一実施形態に係る屋根6及び小屋裏8と同様の構成を備える。 The roof 6 and the attic 8 of this embodiment have the same configurations as the roof 6 and the attic 8 according to the first embodiment.

本実施形態の断熱材4は、第一実施形態に係る断熱材4と同様に、通気部材3と母屋2との間に設けられる。母屋2は躯体に含まれるため、断熱材4は、通気部材3の縦板部38と、躯体の屋外側の面との間に設けられる。 The heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment is provided between the ventilation member 3 and the purlin 2, like the heat insulating material 4 according to the first embodiment. Since the purlin 2 is included in the frame, the heat insulating material 4 is provided between the vertical plate portion 38 of the ventilation member 3 and the outdoor surface of the frame.

本実施形態の通気構造1においても、屋外等で火事が発生した場合に、通気部材3内に熱気が入り込むと、通気部材3が急激に加熱される。本実施形態の通気構造1では、通気部材3の縦板部38と母屋2との間に断熱材4が設けられているため、通気部材3が加熱されても、母屋2に熱が伝わりにくく、小屋裏8の急激な温度上昇を抑制することができる。 Also in the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment, when a fire breaks out outdoors or the like and hot air enters the ventilation member 3, the ventilation member 3 is rapidly heated. In the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 is provided between the vertical plate portion 38 of the ventilation member 3 and the purlin 2, so even if the ventilation member 3 is heated, the heat is less likely to be transmitted to the purlin 2. , a rapid temperature rise in the attic 8 can be suppressed.

3.第三実施形態
第三実施形態に係る通気構造1は、断熱材4の構造が異なること以外は第一実施形態に係る通気構造1と同様の構成を有する。このため、本実施形態に係る通気部材3の通気路300は、通気部材3に設けられた上開口80を介して、小屋裏8と通じている。すなわち通気部材3は小屋裏8と通じている。
3. Third Embodiment A ventilation structure 1 according to a third embodiment has the same configuration as the ventilation structure 1 according to the first embodiment except that the structure of the heat insulating material 4 is different. Therefore, the ventilation path 300 of the ventilation member 3 according to this embodiment communicates with the attic 8 through the upper opening 80 provided in the ventilation member 3 . That is, the ventilation member 3 communicates with the attic 8 .

第一実施形態に係る断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間のみに設けられている。これに対して本実施形態の断熱材4は、図4Aに示すように、縦板部38と桁2との間だけでなく、上開口80の小屋裏8側にまで設けられている。具体的には、断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間から上方に延び、上開口80の小屋裏8側における桁2の屋外側の面にまで設けられている。 The heat insulating material 4 according to the first embodiment is provided only between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 . On the other hand, the heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment is provided not only between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 but also on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80, as shown in FIG. 4A. Specifically, the heat insulating material 4 extends upward from between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 and is provided to the outside surface of the girder 2 on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 .

本実施形態の断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間に設けられているが、縦板部38と桁2との間には隙間があってもよい。例えば、通気部材3の桁2と対向する面である縦板部38に断熱材4が設けられ、この断熱材4と桁2との間に隙間があってもよい。 The heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment is provided between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 , but there may be a gap between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 . For example, the vertical plate portion 38 of the ventilation member 3 facing the girder 2 may be provided with the heat insulating material 4 , and a gap may be provided between the heat insulating material 4 and the girder 2 .

また第一実施形態に係る断熱材4は耐火性を有する不燃材であったが、本実施形態の断熱材4は加熱膨張性断熱材である。加熱膨張性断熱材は、セラミックウール、ロックウール等の不燃材と、グラファイト、バーミキュライト等の熱膨張性材料とを含有する。熱膨張性材料は、熱によって膨張する性質を有する。このため、加熱膨張性断熱材が加熱されて、加熱膨張性断熱材が膨張することにより、加熱膨張性断熱材の体積を増加させることができる。加熱膨張性断熱材は、少なくとも200℃において膨張を開始することが好ましい。加熱膨張性断熱材の具体例としては、積水化学工業株式会社製の「フィブロック」(登録商標)が例示される。 Moreover, although the heat insulating material 4 which concerns on 1st embodiment was the incombustible material which has fire resistance, the heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment is heat-expandable heat insulating material. The heat-expandable heat insulating material contains noncombustible materials such as ceramic wool and rock wool, and heat-expandable materials such as graphite and vermiculite. A thermally expandable material has the property of expanding with heat. Therefore, the heat-expandable heat insulating material is heated and expands, thereby increasing the volume of the heat-expandable heat insulating material. It is preferred that the heat-expandable insulation starts to expand at least at 200°C. A specific example of the heat-expandable heat insulating material is "Fi-Block" (registered trademark) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.

本実施形態の通気構造1において、屋外等で火事が発生した場合には、通気部材3内に熱気が入り込むと、通気部材3が急激に加熱される。通気部材3が加熱されることにより、加熱膨張性断熱材からなる断熱材4が膨張する(図4B参照)。本実施形態では、縦板部38と桁2との間に断熱材4が設けられているため、通気部材3が加熱されても、桁2に熱が伝わりにくく、小屋裏8及び通気層54の急激な温度上昇を抑制することができる。さらに通気部材3が加熱されることで、上開口80の小屋裏8側に設けられた断熱材4が膨張し、上開口80の小屋裏8側において、桁2と鼻隠し下地63との間の空間を塞ぐことができる。すなわち本実施形態の断熱材4は、通気部材3の加熱時に、通気部材3から小屋裏8への通気を阻害することができる。これにより、通気部材3内に入り込んだ熱気が、上開口80を通じて小屋裏8内に入ることを抑制することができ、小屋裏8の急激な温度上昇を効果的に抑制することができる。なお、断熱材4は、桁2と鼻隠し下地63との間の空間を完全に塞ぐのが好ましいが、当該空間の一部を塞いでもよい。 In the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment, when a fire breaks out outdoors or the like, the ventilation member 3 is rapidly heated when hot air enters the ventilation member 3 . Heating the ventilation member 3 expands the thermally expansible heat insulating material 4 (see FIG. 4B). In this embodiment, since the heat insulating material 4 is provided between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2, even if the ventilation member 3 is heated, the heat is less likely to be transmitted to the girder 2, and the attic 8 and the ventilation layer 54 It is possible to suppress a rapid temperature rise of Furthermore, when the ventilation member 3 is heated, the heat insulating material 4 provided on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 expands, and between the girder 2 and the fascia base 63 on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80. space can be blocked. That is, the heat insulating material 4 of the present embodiment can block ventilation from the ventilation member 3 to the attic 8 when the ventilation member 3 is heated. As a result, hot air entering the ventilation member 3 can be suppressed from entering the attic 8 through the upper opening 80, and a rapid temperature rise in the attic 8 can be effectively suppressed. Although it is preferable that the heat insulating material 4 completely closes the space between the girder 2 and the fascia base 63, it may partially close the space.

4.第四実施形態
第四実施形態に係る通気構造1は、断熱材4の構造が異なること以外は第一実施形態に係る通気構造1と同様の構成を有する。このため、本実施形態に係る通気部材3の通気路300は、通気部材3に設けられた下開口540を介して、通気層54と通じている。すなわち通気部材3は外壁5の屋内側に形成された通気層54と通じている。
4. Fourth Embodiment A ventilation structure 1 according to a fourth embodiment has the same configuration as the ventilation structure 1 according to the first embodiment except that the structure of the heat insulating material 4 is different. Therefore, the ventilation path 300 of the ventilation member 3 according to this embodiment communicates with the ventilation layer 54 via the lower opening 540 provided in the ventilation member 3 . That is, the ventilation member 3 communicates with the ventilation layer 54 formed on the indoor side of the outer wall 5 .

第一実施形態に係る断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間のみに設けられている。これに対して本実施形態の断熱材4は、図5Aに示すように、縦板部38と桁2との間だけでなく、下開口540の通気層54側にまで設けられている。具体的には、断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間から下方に延び、下開口540の通気層54側における桁2の屋外側の面にまで設けられている。 The heat insulating material 4 according to the first embodiment is provided only between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 . On the other hand, the heat insulating material 4 of the present embodiment is provided not only between the vertical plate portion 38 and the beam 2 but also on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540, as shown in FIG. 5A. Specifically, the heat insulating material 4 extends downward from between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 and is provided to the outdoor side surface of the girder 2 on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540 .

本実施形態の断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間に設けられているが、縦板部38と桁2との間には隙間があってもよい。例えば、断熱材4が縦板部38に固定され、この断熱材4と桁2との間に隙間があってもよい。また例えば、断熱材4が桁2に固定され、この断熱材4と縦板部38との間に隙間があってもよい。 The heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment is provided between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 , but there may be a gap between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 . For example, the heat insulating material 4 may be fixed to the vertical plate portion 38 and there may be a gap between the heat insulating material 4 and the girder 2 . Further, for example, the heat insulating material 4 may be fixed to the girder 2 and there may be a gap between the heat insulating material 4 and the vertical plate portion 38 .

また本実施形態の断熱材4は、第三実施形態に係る断熱材4と同様に、加熱膨張性断熱材である。 Moreover, the heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment is a heat-expandable heat insulating material, like the heat insulating material 4 according to the third embodiment.

本実施形態の通気構造1において、屋外等で火事が発生した場合には、通気部材3内に熱気が入り込むと、通気部材3が急激に加熱される。通気部材3が加熱されることにより、加熱膨張性断熱材からなる断熱材4が膨張する(図5B参照)。本実施形態では、縦板部38と桁2との間に断熱材4が設けられているため、通気部材3が加熱されても、桁2には熱が伝わりにくく、小屋裏8及び通気層54の急激な温度上昇を抑制することができる。さらに通気部材3が加熱されることで、下開口540の通気層54側に設けられた断熱材4も膨張し、下開口540の通気層54側において、桁2と屋内側側面部35との間の空間を塞ぐことができる。すなわち本実施形態の断熱材4は、通気部材3の加熱時に、通気部材3から通気層54への通気を阻害することができる。これにより、通気部材3内に入り込んだ熱気が、下開口540を通じて通気層54内に入ることを抑制することができ、通気層54の急激な温度上昇を効果的に抑制することができる。 In the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment, when a fire breaks out outdoors or the like, the ventilation member 3 is rapidly heated when hot air enters the ventilation member 3 . Heating the ventilation member 3 expands the thermally expansible heat insulating material 4 (see FIG. 5B). In this embodiment, since the heat insulating material 4 is provided between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2, even if the ventilation member 3 is heated, the heat is difficult to be transmitted to the girder 2, and the attic 8 and the ventilation layer A sudden temperature rise of 54 can be suppressed. Furthermore, when the ventilation member 3 is heated, the heat insulating material 4 provided on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540 also expands, and on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540, the girder 2 and the indoor side side portion 35 are separated. You can close the space between them. That is, the heat insulating material 4 of the present embodiment can block the air flow from the ventilation member 3 to the ventilation layer 54 when the ventilation member 3 is heated. As a result, hot air entering the ventilation member 3 can be prevented from entering the ventilation layer 54 through the lower opening 540, and a rapid temperature rise of the ventilation layer 54 can be effectively suppressed.

5.第五実施形態
第五実施形態に係る通気構造1は、断熱材4の構造が異なること以外は第一実施形態に係る通気構造1と同様の構成を有する。
5. Fifth Embodiment A ventilation structure 1 according to a fifth embodiment has the same configuration as the ventilation structure 1 according to the first embodiment except that the structure of the heat insulating material 4 is different.

第一実施形態に係る断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間のみに設けられている。これに対して本実施形態の断熱材4は、図6Aに示すように、縦板部38と桁2との間だけでなく、上開口80の小屋裏8側及び下開口540の通気層54側にも設けられている。具体的には、断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間から上方に延び、上開口80の小屋裏8側における桁2の屋外側の面にまで設けられている。さらに断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間から下方に延び、下開口540の通気層54側における桁2の屋外側の面にまで設けられている。 The heat insulating material 4 according to the first embodiment is provided only between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 . On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6A, the heat insulating material 4 of the present embodiment is provided not only between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 but also on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 and the ventilation layer 54 of the lower opening 540. is also provided on the side. Specifically, the heat insulating material 4 extends upward from between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 and is provided to the outside surface of the girder 2 on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 . Furthermore, the heat insulating material 4 extends downward from between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 and is provided to the outdoor side surface of the girder 2 on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540 .

本実施形態の断熱材4は、縦板部38と桁2との間に設けられているが、縦板部38と桁2との間には隙間があってもよい。例えば、断熱材4が縦板部38に固定され、この断熱材4と桁2との間に隙間があってもよい。また例えば、断熱材4が桁2に固定され、この断熱材4と縦板部38との間に隙間があってもよい。 The heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment is provided between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 , but there may be a gap between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2 . For example, the heat insulating material 4 may be fixed to the vertical plate portion 38 and there may be a gap between the heat insulating material 4 and the girder 2 . Further, for example, the heat insulating material 4 may be fixed to the girder 2 and there may be a gap between the heat insulating material 4 and the vertical plate portion 38 .

また本実施形態の断熱材4は、第三実施形態及び第四実施形態に係る断熱材4と同様に、加熱膨張性断熱材である。 Moreover, the heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment is a heat-expandable heat insulating material, like the heat insulating material 4 according to the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment.

本実施形態の通気構造1において、屋外等で火事が発生した場合には、通気部材3内に熱気が入り込むと、通気部材3が急激に加熱される。通気部材3が加熱されることにより、加熱膨張性断熱材からなる断熱材4が膨張する(図6B参照)。本実施形態では、縦板部38と桁2との間に断熱材4が設けられているため、通気部材3が加熱されても、桁2に熱が伝わりにくく、小屋裏8及び通気層54の急激な温度上昇を抑制することができる。さらに通気部材3が加熱されることで、上開口80の小屋裏8側に設けられた断熱材4と、下開口540の通気層548側に設けられた断熱材4とが膨張する。膨張した断熱材4によって、上開口80の小屋裏8側において、桁2と鼻隠し下地63との間の空間を塞ぐことができると共に、下開口540の通気層54側において、桁2と屋内側側面部35との間の空間を塞ぐことができる。これにより、通気部材3内に入り込んだ熱気が、上開口80を通じて小屋裏8内に入ることを抑制できると共に、下開口540を通じて通気層54内に入ることを抑制でき、小屋裏8及び通気層54の急激な温度上昇を効果的に抑制することができる。 In the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment, when a fire breaks out outdoors or the like, the ventilation member 3 is rapidly heated when hot air enters the ventilation member 3 . Heating the ventilation member 3 expands the thermally expansible heat insulating material 4 (see FIG. 6B). In this embodiment, since the heat insulating material 4 is provided between the vertical plate portion 38 and the girder 2, even if the ventilation member 3 is heated, the heat is less likely to be transmitted to the girder 2, and the attic 8 and the ventilation layer 54 It is possible to suppress a rapid temperature rise of Heating the ventilation member 3 further expands the heat insulating material 4 provided on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the ventilation layer 548 side of the lower opening 540 . The expanded heat insulating material 4 can block the space between the girders 2 and the fascia base 63 on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80, and can also block the girders 2 and the roof on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540. The space between the inner side surface portion 35 can be closed. As a result, the hot air entering the ventilation member 3 can be suppressed from entering the attic 8 through the upper opening 80, and can be suppressed from entering the ventilation layer 54 through the lower opening 540, so that the attic 8 and the ventilation layer. A rapid temperature rise of 54 can be effectively suppressed.

6.第六実施形態
第六実施形態に係る通気構造1は、通気部材3の構造と、断熱材4の取付方法が異なること以外は、第一実施形態に係る通気構造1と同様の構成を有する。本実施形態の断熱材4は、例えば、スラグ石膏板等の石膏板である。
6. Sixth Embodiment A ventilation structure 1 according to a sixth embodiment has the same configuration as the ventilation structure 1 according to the first embodiment, except that the structure of the ventilation member 3 and the mounting method of the heat insulating material 4 are different. The heat insulating material 4 of this embodiment is, for example, a gypsum board such as a slag gypsum board.

第一実施形態に係る通気部材3は、天板部31の屋内外方向の中間部分に、下方に延出する縦片部39が形成されているが、第六実施形態に係る通気部材3は、図7Aに示すように、縦片部39の下端部から屋内側へ折れ曲がった折曲片390を備える。折曲片390と縦片部39との間の角度は、90度以下であることが好ましく、80度から85度の範囲内であることがより好ましい。 In the ventilation member 3 according to the first embodiment, a vertical piece portion 39 extending downward is formed at an intermediate portion of the top plate portion 31 in the indoor/outdoor direction. , As shown in FIG. 7A, a bent piece 390 bent from the lower end of the vertical piece 39 toward the indoor side is provided. The angle between the bent piece 390 and the vertical piece portion 39 is preferably 90 degrees or less, more preferably within the range of 80 degrees to 85 degrees.

また第一実施形態に係る通気部材3は、屋内側側面部35の上端に、屋内側に向かって延出する屋内側横片部37が形成されているが、第六実施形態に係る通気部材3は、図6Aに示すように、屋内側側面部35の上端に、屋外側に向かって延出する屋外側延出片370を備える。屋外側延出片370は屋内側横片部37と連続している。 Further, in the ventilation member 3 according to the first embodiment, the indoor side lateral piece portion 37 extending toward the indoor side is formed at the upper end of the indoor side side portion 35, but the ventilation member according to the sixth embodiment 3, as shown in FIG. 6A, the upper end of the indoor side surface portion 35 is provided with an outdoor extension piece 370 extending toward the outdoor side. The outdoor side extension piece 370 is continuous with the indoor side horizontal piece portion 37 .

本実施形態では、折曲片390及び屋外側延出片370によって、通気路300を複雑な構造(ラビリンス構造)にすることができる。このため第六実施形態に係る通気部材3は、第一実施形態に係る通気部材3よりも、雨水等が侵入し難い。 In this embodiment, the bent piece 390 and the outdoor-side extending piece 370 allow the ventilation path 300 to have a complicated structure (labyrinth structure). Therefore, rainwater or the like is less likely to enter the ventilation member 3 according to the sixth embodiment than the ventilation member 3 according to the first embodiment.

さらに第一実施形態に係る通気構造1では、断熱材4が通気部材3の縦板部38に直接取り付けられていたが、第六実施形態に係る通気構造1は、図6Bに示すように、断熱材4を通気部材3と躯体との間に設けるための取付部材40を有する。取付部材40は、屋外側取付縦片41と、取付底片42と、屋内側取付縦片43と、を備える。 Furthermore, in the ventilation structure 1 according to the first embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 is directly attached to the vertical plate portion 38 of the ventilation member 3, but in the ventilation structure 1 according to the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6B, It has a mounting member 40 for providing the heat insulating material 4 between the ventilation member 3 and the frame. The mounting member 40 includes an outdoor-side vertical mounting piece 41 , a mounting bottom piece 42 , and an indoor-side vertical mounting piece 43 .

屋外側取付縦片41は、縦板部38と連続している。すなわち縦板部38の上端部を屋内側の下方に折り返し、かつ、下方まで延出することで形成することができる。すなわち取付部材40は、通気部材3と一体に形成することができる。屋外側取付縦片41の上下方向の長さは、断熱材4の上下方向の長さに応じて適宜設定される。取付底片42は、屋外側取付縦片41の下端部から屋内側に向かって延出した部分である。取付底片42の屋内外方向の長さは、断熱材4の屋内外方向の長さに応じて適宜設定される。屋内側取付縦片43は、取付底片42の屋内側の端辺から上方に延出した部分である。屋内側取付縦片43の上下方向の長さは、断熱材4の上下方向の長さに応じて適宜設定されるが、屋外側取付縦片41の上下方向の長さよりも短いことが好ましい。これにより、断熱材4の屋内側の面を露出させることができる。 The outdoor side attachment vertical piece 41 is continuous with the vertical plate portion 38 . That is, it can be formed by folding the upper end portion of the vertical plate portion 38 downward on the indoor side and extending downward. That is, the mounting member 40 can be formed integrally with the ventilation member 3 . The vertical length of the outdoor-side mounting vertical piece 41 is appropriately set according to the vertical length of the heat insulating material 4 . The mounting bottom piece 42 is a portion that extends from the lower end of the outdoor-side vertical mounting piece 41 toward the indoor side. The length of the mounting bottom piece 42 in the indoor/outdoor direction is appropriately set according to the length of the heat insulating material 4 in the indoor/outdoor direction. The indoor-side mounting vertical piece 43 is a portion that extends upward from the indoor-side edge of the mounting bottom piece 42 . The vertical length of the indoor-side mounting vertical piece 43 is appropriately set according to the vertical length of the heat insulating material 4 , but is preferably shorter than the vertical length of the outdoor-side mounting vertical piece 41 . Thereby, the surface of the heat insulating material 4 on the indoor side can be exposed.

図6Bに示すように、本実施形態に係る通気構造1では、取付部材40によって断熱材4を保持することができ、断熱材4を通気部材3と躯体との間に設置することができる。すなわち、本実施形態の断熱材付き通気部材400では、取付部材40によって断熱材4が保持されている。 As shown in FIG. 6B, in the ventilation structure 1 according to this embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 can be held by the mounting member 40, and the heat insulating material 4 can be installed between the ventilation member 3 and the frame. That is, in the ventilation member 400 with heat insulating material of the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 is held by the mounting member 40 .

7.変形例
第一実施形態、第三実施形態、第四実施形態、及び第五実施形態に係る通気部材3は、小屋裏8及び通気層54の両方と通じているが、これに限定されない。例えば通気部材3は、小屋裏8と通じ、通気層54と通じていなくてもよい。例えば通気部材3は、通気層54と通じ、小屋裏8と通じていなくてもよい。
7. Modifications The ventilation members 3 according to the first, third, fourth, and fifth embodiments communicate with both the attic 8 and the ventilation layer 54, but are not limited to this. For example, the ventilation member 3 may communicate with the attic 8 and not communicate with the ventilation layer 54 . For example, the ventilation member 3 may communicate with the ventilation layer 54 and not communicate with the attic 8 .

第三実施形態、第四実施形態及び第五実施形態に係る断熱材4は、建物の軒下に適用されているが、図3に示す断熱材4のように、建物のケラバ下に適用されてもよい。 The heat insulating material 4 according to the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment, and the fifth embodiment is applied under the eaves of the building, but is applied under the verge of the building like the heat insulating material 4 shown in FIG. good too.

第三実施形態に係る通気構造1では、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられている断熱材4と、上開口80の小屋裏8側に設けられた断熱材4とが連続しているが、これに限定されない。例えば、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられた断熱材4と、上開口80の小屋裏8側に設けられた断熱材4とが別々に設けられていてもよい。また例えば、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられた断熱材4が耐火性を有する不燃材であって、上開口80の小屋裏8側に設けられた断熱材4が加熱膨張性断熱材であってもよい。 In the ventilation structure 1 according to the third embodiment, the heat insulating material 4 provided between the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2 and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 are continuous. Yes, but not limited to. For example, the heat insulating material 4 provided between the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2 and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 may be provided separately. Further, for example, the heat insulating material 4 provided between the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2 is a noncombustible material having fire resistance, and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 is thermally expandable heat insulating material. It can be material.

第三実施形態に係る通気構造1では、図4Aに示すように、縦板38と桁2との間に加熱膨張性断熱材からなる断熱材4が設けられているが、縦板38と桁2との間に図1に示すような耐火性の不燃材からなる断熱材4を設けると共に、縦板38の屋外側の面(気流受面380)に加熱膨張性断熱材を設けても良い。この場合においても、通気部材3が加熱されることによる桁2への熱橋を抑制できる。さらに、通気部材3の加熱時には、縦板38の屋外側の面に設けられた加熱膨張性断熱材が膨張して上開口80を塞ぐため、通気部材3から小屋裏8への通気を阻害することができる。 In the ventilation structure 1 according to the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4A, the heat insulating material 4 made of heat-expandable heat insulating material is provided between the vertical plate 38 and the girder 2. 2, a heat insulating material 4 made of a fireproof noncombustible material as shown in FIG. . Even in this case, it is possible to suppress thermal bridges to the girder 2 due to heating of the ventilation member 3 . Furthermore, when the ventilation member 3 is heated, the heat-expandable heat insulating material provided on the outdoor side surface of the vertical plate 38 expands and closes the upper opening 80, thereby obstructing the ventilation from the ventilation member 3 to the attic 8. be able to.

第四実施形態に係る断熱材4は、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられている断熱材4と、下開口540の通気層54側に設けられた断熱材4とが連続しているが、これに限定されない。例えば、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられた断熱材4と、下開口540の通気層54側に設けられた断熱材4とが別々に設けられていてもよい。また例えば、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられた断熱材4が耐火性を有する不燃材であって、下開口540の通気層54側に設けられた断熱材4が加熱膨張性断熱材であってもよい。 The heat insulating material 4 according to the fourth embodiment has the heat insulating material 4 provided between the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2 and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540 continuously. Yes, but not limited to. For example, the heat insulating material 4 provided between the ventilation member 3 and the beam 2 and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540 may be provided separately. Further, for example, the heat insulating material 4 provided between the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2 is a noncombustible material having fire resistance, and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540 is thermally expandable heat insulating material. It can be material.

第四実施形態に係る通気構造1では、図5Aに示すように、縦板38と桁2との間に加熱膨張性断熱材からなる断熱材4が設けられているが、縦板38と桁2との間に耐火性の不燃材からなる断熱材4を設けると共に、縦板38の屋外側の面(気流受面380)に加熱膨張性断熱材を設けても良い。この場合においても、通気部材3が加熱されることによる桁2への熱橋を抑制できる。さらに、通気部材3の加熱時には、縦板38の屋外側の面に設けられた加熱膨張性断熱材が膨張して下開口540を塞ぐため、通気部材3から通気層54への通気を阻害することができる。 In the ventilation structure 1 according to the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. A heat insulating material 4 made of a fireproof noncombustible material may be provided between the vertical plate 38 and a heat-expandable heat insulating material on the surface of the vertical plate 38 on the outdoor side (airflow receiving surface 380). Even in this case, it is possible to suppress thermal bridges to the girder 2 due to heating of the ventilation member 3 . Furthermore, when the ventilation member 3 is heated, the heat-expandable heat insulating material provided on the outdoor side surface of the vertical plate 38 expands and closes the lower opening 540, thereby inhibiting ventilation from the ventilation member 3 to the ventilation layer 54. be able to.

第五実施形態に係る断熱材4は、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられている断熱材4と、上開口80の小屋裏8側に設けられた断熱材4と、下開口540の通気層54側に設けられた断熱材4とが連続しているが、これに限定されない。例えば、通気部材3と桁2との間に設けられた断熱材4と、上開口80の小屋裏8側に設けられた断熱材4と、下開口540の通気層54側に設けられた断熱材4とが別々に設けられていてもよい。また例えば、通気部材3つ桁2との間に設けられた断熱材4が耐火性を有する不燃材であり、上開口80の小屋裏8側に設けられた断熱材4及び下開口540の通気層54側に設けられた断熱材4が加熱膨張性断熱材であってもよい。 The heat insulating material 4 according to the fifth embodiment includes the heat insulating material 4 provided between the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2, the heat insulating material 4 provided on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80, and the lower opening 540 is continuous with the heat insulating material 4 provided on the ventilation layer 54 side, but it is not limited to this. For example, the heat insulating material 4 provided between the ventilation member 3 and the girder 2, the heat insulating material 4 provided on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80, and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the ventilation layer 54 side of the lower opening 540. The material 4 may be provided separately. Further, for example, the heat insulating material 4 provided between the three ventilation members 2 is a noncombustible material having fire resistance, and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 and the ventilation of the lower opening 540 The heat insulating material 4 provided on the layer 54 side may be a heat-expandable heat insulating material.

第六実施形態に係る取付部材40は、通気部材3と一体の部材であるが、取付部材40と通気部材3とが別体の部材であってもよい。 The attachment member 40 according to the sixth embodiment is a member integrated with the ventilation member 3, but the attachment member 40 and the ventilation member 3 may be separate members.

8.本発明に係る態様
以上に述べた実施形態から明らかなように、本発明の第一の態様に係る通気構造1は、躯体(桁2、母屋2)の屋外側に設けられた外壁5の上に通気部材3が設置されており、通気部材3と前記躯体(桁2、母屋2)との間に断熱材4が設けられている。
8. Aspects According to the Present Invention As is clear from the above-described embodiments, the ventilation structure 1 according to the first aspect of the present invention is provided on the outer wall 5 provided on the outdoor side of the frame (girders 2, purlins 2). A ventilation member 3 is installed in the duct, and a heat insulating material 4 is provided between the ventilation member 3 and the frame (girders 2, purlins 2).

詳細には、第一の態様に係る通気構造1は、躯体(桁2、母屋2)と、躯体(桁2、母屋2)の屋外側に設けられた外壁5の上に設けられ、小屋裏8及び外壁5と躯体(桁2、母屋2)との間に設けられた通気層54のうち少なくとも一方と、屋外空間9と、を通じさせる通気路300を有する通気部材3と、躯体(桁2、母屋2)と通気部材3との間に設けられた断熱材4と、を含む。 Specifically, the ventilation structure 1 according to the first aspect is provided on the skeleton (girders 2, purlin 2) and the outer wall 5 provided on the outdoor side of the skeleton (girders 2, purlin 2), and the attic 8 and at least one of the ventilation layers 54 provided between the outer wall 5 and the frame (girders 2, purlin 2), the outdoor space 9, the ventilation member 3 having the ventilation path 300 that communicates, and the frame (girders 2 , a heat insulating material 4 provided between the purlin 2 ) and the ventilation member 3 .

この構成によれば、屋外等で火事が発生した場合に、通気部材3内に熱気が入り込むことにより、通気部材3が急激に加熱されても、桁2又は母屋2に熱が伝わりにくく、小屋裏8及び通気層54の急激な温度上昇を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, when a fire occurs outdoors or the like, even if the ventilation member 3 is rapidly heated by hot air entering the ventilation member 3, the heat is difficult to be transmitted to the girder 2 or the purlin 2. Rapid temperature rise of the back 8 and the ventilation layer 54 can be suppressed.

第二の態様に係る通気構造1では、断熱材4が、少なくともその一部が露出した状態で、躯体(桁2、母屋2)と対向している。 In the ventilation structure 1 according to the second aspect, the heat insulating material 4 faces the frame (the girder 2, the purlin 2) in a state where at least a part thereof is exposed.

この構成によれば、断熱材4の少なくとも一部が露出した状態であるため、断熱材4が非露出状態である場合よりも、通気部材3の加熱時に、躯体に熱が伝わりにくくすることができる。 According to this configuration, since at least a portion of the heat insulating material 4 is exposed, heat is less likely to be transmitted to the frame when the ventilation member 3 is heated than when the heat insulating material 4 is not exposed. can.

第三の態様に係る通気構造1は、断熱材4が通気部材3の通気路300よりも躯体(桁2、母屋2)側に設けられている。 In the ventilation structure 1 according to the third aspect, the heat insulating material 4 is provided closer to the frame (beam 2, purlin 2) than the ventilation path 300 of the ventilation member 3 is.

この構成によれば、通気路300から躯体(桁2、母屋2)に熱が伝わり、躯体(桁2、母屋2)が昇温することを抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, heat can be transmitted from the ventilation path 300 to the frame (girders 2, purlin 2), and the rise in temperature of the frame (girders 2, purlin 2) can be suppressed.

第四の態様に係る通気構造1は、通気部材3が小屋裏8と通じ、断熱材4が、加熱時に通気部材3から小屋裏8への通気を阻害する加熱膨張性断熱材を含む。 In the ventilation structure 1 according to the fourth aspect, the ventilation member 3 communicates with the attic 8, and the heat insulating material 4 includes a heat-expandable heat insulating material that inhibits ventilation from the ventilation member 3 to the attic 8 when heated.

詳細には、通気路300は、通気部材3に設けられた上開口80を介して、小屋裏8と通じ、上開口80の小屋裏8側に、熱によって膨張する加熱膨張性断熱材(断熱材4)が設けられている。 Specifically, the ventilation path 300 communicates with the attic 8 through the upper opening 80 provided in the ventilation member 3, and the heat-expandable heat insulating material (heat insulating Material 4) is provided.

この構成によれば、屋外等で火事が発生した場合に、通気部材3が加熱されることで、上開口80の小屋裏8側に設けられた断熱材4が膨張し、上開口80を塞ぐことができる。これにより、通気部材3内に入り込んだ熱気が、上開口80を通じて小屋裏8内に入ることを抑制することができ、小屋裏8の急激な温度上昇を効果的に抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, when a fire occurs outdoors or the like, the ventilation member 3 is heated, and the heat insulating material 4 provided on the attic 8 side of the upper opening 80 expands to block the upper opening 80. - 特許庁be able to. As a result, hot air entering the ventilation member 3 can be suppressed from entering the attic 8 through the upper opening 80, and a rapid temperature rise in the attic 8 can be effectively suppressed.

第五の態様に係る通気構造1は、通気部材3が外壁5の屋内側に形成された通気層54と通じ、断熱材4が、加熱時に通気部材3から通気層54への通気を阻害する加熱膨張性断熱材を含む。 In the ventilation structure 1 according to the fifth aspect, the ventilation member 3 communicates with the ventilation layer 54 formed on the indoor side of the outer wall 5, and the heat insulating material 4 inhibits ventilation from the ventilation member 3 to the ventilation layer 54 during heating. Includes heat-expandable insulation.

詳細には、通気路300は、通気部材3に設けられた下開口540を介して、通気層54と通じ、下開口540の通気層54側に、熱によって膨張する加熱膨張性断熱材(断熱材4)が設けられている。 Specifically, the ventilation path 300 communicates with the ventilation layer 54 through the lower opening 540 provided in the ventilation member 3, and the heat-expandable heat insulating material (heat insulating Material 4) is provided.

この構成によれば、屋外等で火事が発生した場合に、通気部材3が加熱されることで、下開口540の通気層548側に設けられた断熱材4も膨張し、下開口540を塞ぐことができる。これにより、通気部材3内に入り込んだ熱気が、下開口540を通じて通気層54内に入ることを抑制することができ、通気層54の急激な温度上昇を効果的に抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, when a fire breaks out outdoors or the like, the heat insulating material 4 provided on the side of the ventilation layer 548 of the lower opening 540 expands due to the heating of the ventilation member 3, closing the lower opening 540. be able to. As a result, hot air entering the ventilation member 3 can be prevented from entering the ventilation layer 54 through the lower opening 540, and a rapid temperature rise of the ventilation layer 54 can be effectively suppressed.

第六の態様に係る断熱材付き通気部材400は、躯体(桁2、母屋2)の屋外側に設けられた外壁5の上に設けられ、躯体(桁2、母屋2)と対向するように断熱材4が設けられている。 The ventilation member 400 with heat insulating material according to the sixth aspect is provided on the outer wall 5 provided on the outdoor side of the frame (girders 2, purlin 2) so as to face the frame (girders 2, purlin 2). A heat insulator 4 is provided.

詳細には、断熱材付き通気部材400は、通気部材3と断熱材4とを備え、通気部材3は、躯体(桁2、母屋2)の屋外側に設けられた外壁5の上に設けられ、小屋裏8及び外壁5と躯体(桁2、母屋2)との間に設けられた通気層54のうち少なくとも一方と、屋外空間9と、を通じさせる通気路300を有し、躯体(桁2、母屋2)と対向する面に断熱材4が設けられる。 Specifically, the ventilation member 400 with heat insulating material includes a ventilation member 3 and a heat insulating material 4, and the ventilation member 3 is provided on the outer wall 5 provided on the outdoor side of the frame (girders 2, purlin 2). , attic 8 and outer wall 5, and at least one of the ventilation layers 54 provided between the frame (girders 2, purlin 2) and the outdoor space 9, and a ventilation path 300 that communicates with the frame (girders 2 , a heat insulating material 4 is provided on the surface facing the purlin 2).

この構成によれば、断熱材付き通気部材400を設置することにより、屋外等で火事が発生した場合に、通気部材3が急激に加熱されても、桁2又は母屋2に熱が伝わりにくく、小屋裏8及び通気層54の急激な温度上昇を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, by installing the ventilation member 400 with heat insulating material, even if the ventilation member 3 is suddenly heated in the event of a fire in the outdoors or the like, the heat is less likely to be transmitted to the girder 2 or the purlin 2. A rapid temperature rise in the attic 8 and the ventilation layer 54 can be suppressed.

1 通気構造
2 桁、母屋
3 通気部材
300 通気路
4 断熱材
400 断熱材付き通気部材
5 外壁
54 通気層
8 小屋裏
1 ventilation structure 2 girder, purlin 3 ventilation member 300 ventilation path 4 heat insulating material 400 ventilation member with heat insulating material 5 outer wall 54 ventilation layer 8 attic

Claims (6)

躯体の屋外側に設けられた外壁の上に通気部材が設置されており、
前記躯体の屋外側に壁下地を備え、
前記通気部材と前記躯体との間に断熱材が設けられており、
前記断熱材が、少なくともその躯体側が露出した状態で、前記壁下地と隙間を介して対向しており、
前記外壁と前記壁下地との間に、通気層が形成されており、
前記通気部材は、屋外空間と、前記通気層とを相互に連通する、
通気構造。
A ventilation member is installed on the outer wall provided on the outdoor side of the frame,
A wall base is provided on the outdoor side of the frame,
A heat insulating material is provided between the ventilation member and the frame,
The heat insulating material faces the wall base with a gap therebetween, with at least the frame side thereof exposed,
A ventilation layer is formed between the outer wall and the wall base,
The ventilation member communicates the outdoor space and the ventilation layer with each other,
ventilation structure.
前記断熱材が、加熱時に前記通気部材から前記通気層への通気を阻害する加熱膨張性断熱材を含む、
請求項1に記載の通気構造。
The heat insulating material includes a heat-expandable heat insulating material that inhibits ventilation from the ventilation member to the ventilation layer when heated.
The ventilation structure according to claim 1.
前記断熱材が前記通気部材の通気路よりも前記躯体側に設けられている、
請求項1又は2に記載の通気構造。
The heat insulating material is provided closer to the frame than the ventilation path of the ventilation member,
The ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 2.
前記通気部材が小屋裏と通じ、
前記断熱材が、加熱時に前記通気部材から前記小屋裏への通気を阻害する加熱膨張性断熱材を含む、
請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の通気構造。
the ventilation member communicates with the attic;
The heat insulating material includes a heat-expandable heat insulating material that inhibits ventilation from the ventilation member to the attic when heated.
The ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
前記断熱材は、耐火性を有する不燃材であって、セラミックウール、ロックウール及び石膏板のうちの少なくとも一つを含む、
請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の通気構造。
The heat insulating material is a noncombustible material having fire resistance and includes at least one of ceramic wool, rock wool and gypsum board.
The ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
前記断熱材を前記通気部材と前記躯体との間に設けるための取付部材をさらに有し、
前記取付部材は、屋内側取付縦片と、屋外側取付縦片とを備え、
前記屋内側取付縦片の上下方向の長さは、前記屋外側取付縦片の上下方向の長さよりも短い、
請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の通気構造。
further comprising a mounting member for providing the heat insulating material between the ventilation member and the frame,
The mounting member includes an indoor-side vertical mounting piece and an outdoor-side vertical mounting piece,
The length in the vertical direction of the vertical installation piece on the indoor side is shorter than the length in the vertical direction of the vertical installation piece on the outdoor side,
The ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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