JP2017113804A - Nozzle for processing and processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To equalize flow rate distribution of water injected from a water injection nozzle, which is annularly formed, in a circumferential direction.SOLUTION: A nozzle for processing comprising a gas injection nozzle 3B and a water injection nozzle 3C which is so annularly formed as to surround a circumference of the gas injection nozzle 3B, in which the water injection nozzle 3C has at least one a water supply passage 3Ca in which water is supplied, an annular cavity 3Cb to which the water supply passage 3Ca is connected, and an annular nozzle part 3Cc which is connected to the cavity 3Cb and has an exhaust nozzle 3Ccb which is directed to a side along a direction of the gas injection nozzle 3B. A passage cross-section area of the cavity 3Cb is so formed as to be larger than an opening area of an end connection 3Cca of the nozzle part 3Cc to the cavity 3Cb, and a passage radial dimension of the cavity 3Cb is so formed as to be larger than an opening area of the end connection 3Cca of the nozzle part 3Cc to the cavity 3Cb.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing nozzle that is arranged toward a processing site and forms a gas region when processing a workpiece in water, and a processing apparatus to which the processing nozzle is applied.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a laser cutting device. This laser cutting device includes a cutting nozzle through which a laser beam passes. The cutting nozzle has an assist gas nozzle for injecting an assist gas for blowing off the melt melted by the laser beam, and a shield gas nozzle for injecting a shield gas for protecting the assist gas. The assist gas nozzle is an inner nozzle. It is shown that the inner nozzle passes a laser beam and injects an oxygen-containing gas, and the outer nozzle is arranged coaxially with the inner nozzle. Moreover, since patent document 1 uses a laser cutting device for underwater cutting | disconnection, it is shown ejecting assist gas, shield gas, and a pressurized water curtain. The pressurized water curtain is annularly arranged so as to surround the assist gas nozzle and the shield gas nozzle, and is injected by the pressurized water curtain nozzle arranged coaxially with respect to the assist gas nozzle and the shield gas nozzle.

JP 2011-177788 A

  In the pressurized water curtain nozzle shown in Patent Document 1, water forming the pressurized water curtain is supplied from a water tank to a cutting head by a water pump, and the water supplied to the cutting head is jetted from an annular nozzle through a water passage. The In this configuration, the water supplied from the water passage to the annular nozzle flows along the circumferential direction of the annular nozzle. For this reason, in the annular nozzle, the water flow rate near the water passage increases, and the water flow rate decreases as the distance from the water passage increases, resulting in a large deviation in the flow distribution of the circumferential water jet. As a result, a portion where water injection is weak in the circumferential direction occurs, and there is a possibility that surrounding water may enter a dry spot which is a gas region composed of the assist gas and the shield gas. The presence of water at the time of welding leads to welding defects, so water intrusion becomes a problem.

  This invention solves the subject mentioned above, and provides the nozzle for a process and the processing apparatus which can equalize the flow volume distribution of the circumferential direction of the water injected from the water injection nozzle formed cyclically | annularly. Is the first purpose.

  By the way, in order to reduce the risk of water intrusion into the gas region to be welded, it is desirable to increase the gas pressure in the gas region by increasing the flow rate of the gas supplied to the gas region. However, if the gas flow rate is increased, the gas flow rate at the weld location increases, and there is a risk that the weld quality will deteriorate, for example, a welding defect may occur due to the surrounding gas being involved in the melted weld. For this reason, it is not possible to simply increase the flow rate of the gas, resulting in a limitation. Therefore, this invention solves the subject mentioned above, and provides the processing nozzle and processing apparatus which can improve the shield performance which prevents the penetration | invasion of the water to a gas area | region, ensuring welding quality. Is the second purpose.

  In order to achieve the above first object, the processing nozzle of the present invention includes a gas injection nozzle and a water injection nozzle formed in an annular shape so as to surround the periphery of the gas injection nozzle, and the water injection The nozzle includes at least one water supply passage to which water is supplied, an annular cavity to which the water supply passage is connected, and a jet outlet that is connected to the cavity and extends in a direction along the direction of the gas injection nozzle. An annular nozzle portion, the passage cross-sectional area of the cavity is formed larger than the opening area of the connection port of the nozzle portion with the cavity, and the passage radial dimension of the cavity is that of the nozzle portion It is characterized by being formed larger than the opening size of the connection port with the cavity.

  According to this processing nozzle, the passage cross-sectional area of the cavity is formed larger than the opening area of the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion, so that the water supplied to the cavity from the water supply passage in the water injection nozzle is Since the flow velocity is reduced in the cavity and the static pressure is restored, the deviation of the flow pressure (the pressure in the entire circumferential direction) at each annular circumferential position of the cavity is reduced. Moreover, since the dimension of the cavity in the radial direction of the cavity is formed larger than the opening dimension of the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle part, when water flows from the cavity to the nozzle part, a contraction flow is generated and resistance is generated. The deviation of the flow pressure (pressure in the entire circumferential direction) at each annular circumferential position of the cavity is reduced. As a result, the flow rate distribution of water sprayed from the annularly formed nozzle can be made uniform in the circumferential direction. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a weak water injection portion in the circumferential direction and prevent the surrounding water from entering the dry spot that is a gas region.

  In the processing nozzle of the present invention, the ratio of the passage sectional area S1 of the cavity and the opening area S2 of the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion is 0.01 ≦ S2 / S1 ≦ 0.15. It is characterized by satisfying the range.

  If S2 / S1 exceeds 0.15, the cavity becomes relatively small, and therefore it is difficult to obtain an effect of reducing the flow velocity at the nozzle portion. On the other hand, if S2 / S1 is less than 0.01, the cavity becomes relatively large, so that the required pressure supplied to the water jet nozzle increases and the size of the processing nozzle increases. Therefore, by satisfying the range of 0.01 ≦ S2 / S1 ≦ 0.15, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water sprayed from the annular water spray nozzle uniform in the circumferential direction can be significantly obtained. it can.

  In the processing nozzle according to the present invention, the opening direction of the connection port with the cavity in the water supply passage is provided away from the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion.

  According to this processing nozzle, the water flowing into the cavity from the water supply passage once collides with the inner wall surface of the cavity without directly facing the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion. For this reason, since the energy (dynamic pressure) of the water flowing into the cavity from the water supply passage is suppressed and then flows into the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion, the circumferential distribution of the pressure that causes water to flow into the nozzle portion Can be made uniform. As a result, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water sprayed from the annular water spray nozzle uniform in the circumferential direction can be significantly obtained.

  In the processing nozzle of the present invention, a partition member is provided between a connection port with the cavity in the water supply passage and a connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion.

  According to this processing nozzle, the water flowing into the cavity from the water supply passage does not directly face the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion, but once collides with the partition member. For this reason, since the energy (dynamic pressure) of the water flowing into the cavity from the water supply passage is suppressed and then flows into the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion, the circumferential distribution of the pressure that causes water to flow into the nozzle portion Can be made uniform. As a result, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water sprayed from the annular water spray nozzle uniform in the circumferential direction can be significantly obtained.

  In the processing nozzle of the present invention, a flow resistance member is provided between a connection port with the cavity in the water supply passage and a connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion.

  According to this processing nozzle, the water flowing into the cavity from the water supply passage is given flow resistance by the flow resistance member before reaching the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion. For this reason, the flow resistance ratio for flow distribution is relatively reduced in the cavity, and the total flow resistance in the circumferential direction is made uniform, so the circumferential distribution of the pressure that causes water to flow into the nozzle section is made uniform. can do. As a result, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water sprayed from the annular water spray nozzle uniform in the circumferential direction can be significantly obtained.

  In the processing nozzle according to the present invention, the nozzle portion is formed so that a cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the connection port with the cavity toward the injection port.

  According to this processing nozzle, since the flow path area decreases in the water flow direction of the nozzle portion, the flow velocity deviation (flow rate deviation) of the flow can be reduced by the rectification effect due to the flow contraction. Deviation in the water flow rate in the circumferential direction of the jet can be suppressed. As a result, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water sprayed from the annular water spray nozzle uniform in the circumferential direction can be significantly obtained.

  Further, the processing nozzle of the present invention further includes a flow resistor that is formed in a cylindrical shape with an open end and allows gas to flow inside and outside, and serves as a flow resistance of the gas, and the gas injection nozzle is an injection port. Is arranged so as to face the opening side of the tip of the flow resistor and surround the flow resistor.

  According to this processing nozzle, the flow resistor is arranged so as to surround the processing portion in its cylindrical shape inside the gas injection nozzle. And since a flow resistance gives flow resistance to gas injected from a gas injection nozzle, it becomes difficult for gas to flow into a processing part. As a result, even if the flow rate of the gas injected from the gas injection nozzle is increased in order to improve the shielding property to prevent the inflow of water to the dry spot which is the gas region, the increase in the gas flow velocity at the processing site can be suppressed. . As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  In order to achieve the above first object, a processing apparatus of the present invention includes a processing nozzle according to any one of the above-described inventions, a gas supply unit that supplies gas to the gas injection nozzle, and the water injection nozzle. A water supply unit that supplies water to the water supply passage, and a processing head that is provided with a gas injection region of the gas injection nozzle as a processing region.

  According to this processing apparatus, it is possible to obtain the effect of uniforming the flow rate distribution of the water sprayed from the water spray nozzle formed in an annular shape in the circumferential direction, and to suppress the occurrence of a weak water jet portion in the circumferential direction. And since the situation where the surrounding water permeates into the dry spot which is a processing area can be prevented, processability in water can be improved.

  In order to achieve the second object described above, the processing nozzle of the present invention has a flow resistance body that is formed into a cylindrical shape with an open end and allows the gas to flow resistance while allowing gas to pass inside and outside, A shield gas injection nozzle that is arranged so that the injection port faces the opening side of the tip of the flow resistor and surrounds the periphery of the flow resistor, and the injection is made on the opening side of the tip of the flow resistor And a water injection nozzle formed in an annular shape so as to surround the gas injection nozzle.

  According to this processing nozzle, the flow resistor is disposed so as to surround the processing portion in its cylindrical shape on the inner side surrounded by the shield gas injection nozzle. And since a flow resistance gives flow resistance to the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle, it becomes difficult for shield gas to flow into a processing part. As a result, even if the flow rate of the shield gas sprayed from the shield gas spray nozzle is increased in order to improve the shielding performance to prevent the inflow of water to the dry spot, which is a gas region, the gas flow velocity at the machining site is increased. Can be suppressed. As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  Further, in the processing nozzle of the present invention, the shield gas injection nozzle is arranged with an injection port directed toward a side along or away from the outer periphery of the flow resistor.

  According to this processing nozzle, the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle is prevented from directly colliding with the flow resistor. As a result, the shield gas can be made difficult to flow into the processing site.

  In the processing nozzle of the present invention, the flow resistor is formed such that a tip portion is bent outward.

  According to this processing nozzle, when the processing part is processed while moving the processing nozzle, the flow resistor follows the movement because the tip of the flow resistor is formed to bend outward. Can be brought into contact with the periphery of the processing site. As a result, the shield gas can be made difficult to flow into the processing site.

  Further, the processing nozzle of the present invention further comprises an assist gas injection nozzle arranged with the injection port facing the opening side of the tip of the flow resistor inside the cylindrical shape of the flow resistor. To do.

  According to this processing nozzle, the assist gas can be supplied into the cylindrical shape of the flow resistor. For this reason, the dry spot Da inside the cylindrical of the flow resistor in the gas region, the dry spot Db outside the cylindrical of the flow resistor in the gas region, and the outside of the dry spot (outside the gas region) The pressure in each region with the underwater region W can be set to Da> Db> W. As a result, in the dry spot Da inside the cylinder of the flow resistor, it is possible to suppress the gas ejection flow rate and increase the gas pressure to make it difficult for the assist gas to flow into the processing site. At the spot Db, the inflow of water from the underwater region W can be prevented by increasing the gas ejection flow rate. As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  Further, in the processing nozzle of the present invention, an annular shape is formed between the injection port of the shield gas injection nozzle and the injection port of the water injection nozzle so as to surround the periphery of the injection port of the shield gas injection nozzle. And a shielding member provided with a base end attached to the radially inner side of the water injection nozzle and having a distal end located radially outside the base end, and the shield gas injection nozzle includes the The injection port is arranged in a direction along the inner surface of the shielding member.

  According to this processing nozzle, the shield gas injection nozzle is arranged with the injection port directed in the direction along the inner surface of the shielding member, so that the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle is a dry gas region. Since the spot flows along the inner surface of the shielding member farthest from the processing site, the gas flow rate of the shielding gas toward the processing site can be reduced. Thereby, even if the gas injection flow rate of the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle is increased in order to improve the shielding property that prevents the inflow of water to the dry spot, an increase in the gas flow velocity at the processing site can be suppressed. As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  In the processing nozzle according to the present invention, the shield gas spray nozzle is characterized in that a spray port is disposed between the shield gas spray nozzle and a base end portion of the shielding member.

  According to this processing nozzle, a circulating flow is generated by the shielding gas injected from the injection port by the step portion provided between the base end portion of the shielding member and the injection port, and injection is performed by the Coanda effect due to this circulation flow. The main flow of the shielding gas injected from the mouth is drawn toward the shielding member and flows along the inner surface of the shielding member so as to adhere to the inner surface of the shielding member. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the gas flow rate at the processing site even if the gas ejection flow rate of the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle is increased in order to improve the shielding property to prevent the inflow of water to the dry spot. Becomes prominent. As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  In the processing nozzle according to the present invention, the flow resistor is formed such that a tip portion extends beyond a position of the tip portion of the shielding member.

  According to this processing nozzle, since the shielding member is formed in an annular shape, a surface surrounding the annular shape with respect to the tip is formed. By extending the distal end portion of the flow resistor from the position of the distal end portion, the distal end portion of the flow resistor protrudes outside the region surrounded by the shielding member from the surface surrounding the annular portion with reference to the distal end portion. Therefore, at the time of processing, the tip of the flow resistor can be sufficiently brought into contact with the periphery of the processing site. As a result, the effect of making it difficult for the shield gas to flow into the processing site becomes significant. As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  In order to achieve the second object, the processing apparatus of the present invention includes any one of the above-described processing nozzles, a shield gas supply unit that supplies gas to the shield gas injection nozzle, and an assist gas injection nozzle. When arranged, an assist gas supply unit that supplies gas to the assist gas injection nozzle, a water supply unit that supplies water to the water injection nozzle, and a cylindrical interior of the flow resistor are provided as processing regions. And a machining head.

  According to this processing apparatus, since the flow resistor imparts flow resistance to the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle, it is difficult for the shield gas to flow into the processing site. As a result, even if the flow rate of the shield gas sprayed from the shield gas spray nozzle is increased in order to improve the shielding performance to prevent the inflow of water to the dry spot, which is a gas region, the gas flow velocity at the machining site is increased. Can be suppressed. As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality, so that the workability in water can be improved.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the flow volume distribution of the circumferential direction of the water injected from the water injection nozzle formed cyclically | annularly can be equalized. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the shielding performance for preventing water from entering the gas region while ensuring the welding quality.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an AA arrow view in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is an A′-A ′ arrow view in FIG. 12. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B'-B 'in FIG. FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[Embodiment 1]
Embodiment 1 according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily replaced by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is an AA arrow view in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 1 of this embodiment processes the to-be-processed object 100 in water. Examples of the processing include welding and cutting, and examples of the processing method include TIG welding shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, overlay welding by TIG welding will be mainly described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 1 of this embodiment includes a processing head 2, a processing nozzle 3, a gas supply unit 4, and a water supply unit 5.

  The processing head 2 includes a welding torch 2A. The welding torch 2 </ b> A is provided so as to penetrate the torch insertion nozzle 3 </ b> A of the processing nozzle 3. Moreover, the processing apparatus 1 is equipped with the welding wire 2B in the position corresponding to the front-end | tip part of the welding torch 2A. The welding wire 2B is supported through the machining nozzle 3.

  The processing nozzle 3 is not shown so that the tip of a welding torch 2A formed in a columnar shape and provided on the processing head 2 is installed at a distance suitable for processing the processing site 100A of the workpiece 100 underwater. It is held in water by a holding means (for example, a manipulator). The processing nozzle 3 includes a torch insertion nozzle 3A, a gas injection nozzle 3B, and a water injection nozzle 3C.

  The torch insertion nozzle 3 </ b> A is a hole provided in the center of the machining nozzle 3 and through which the welding torch 2 </ b> A of the machining head 2 is inserted. Have.

  The gas injection nozzle 3B is for injecting assist gas (argon gas, nitrogen gas, etc.), and is disposed so as to surround the torch insertion nozzle 3A as shown in FIG. 1, and on the distal end side of the welding torch 2A. It is formed as a hole that opens toward the injection port 3Ba. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the gas injection nozzle 3B is formed as a hole formed in an annular shape around the cylindrical central axis C of the processing nozzle 3 so as to surround the torch insertion nozzle 3A. Has been. In addition, although not clearly shown in the drawing, the gas injection nozzle 3B may be formed as a plurality of holes arranged so as to surround the torch insertion nozzle 3A. In the present embodiment, the gas injection nozzle 3B has an injection port 3Ba formed on the same plane as the opening 3Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 3A, as shown in FIG. In addition, the gas injection nozzle 3B is not clearly shown in the drawing, but is a position recessed toward the rear side of the torch insertion nozzle 3A with respect to the opening 3Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 3A (the side opposite to the tip of the welding torch 2A). The injection port 3Ba may be provided, and the injection port 3Ba is provided at a position protruding forward of the opening 3Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 3A in the direction of the torch insertion nozzle 3A (the front end side of the welding torch 2A). It may be.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the water injection nozzle 3 </ b> C is arranged to surround the gas injection nozzle 3 </ b> B and opens in a direction along the direction of the gas injection nozzle 3 </ b> B. It is formed as a hole. In the present embodiment, the water injection nozzle 3C is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the periphery of the gas injection nozzle 3B, as shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the water injection nozzle 3 </ b> C includes a water supply passage 3 </ b> Ca, a cavity 3 </ b> Cb, and a nozzle portion 3 </ b> Cc.

  The water supply passage 3Ca is connected to the water supply portion 5, and is configured as at least one passage hole instead of an annular shape in the water injection nozzle 3C configured as an annular hole. In FIG. 3, four water supply passages 3Ca are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the water supply passage 3Ca is connected to the cavity 3Cb through the connection port 3Caa.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cavity 3Cb is formed as an annular cavity so as to surround the periphery of the gas injection nozzle 3B, and is formed to open in a direction along the direction of the gas injection nozzle 3B. ing. As described above, the water supply passage 3Ca is connected to the cavity 3Cb via the connection port 3Caa.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the nozzle portion 3Cc is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the periphery of the gas injection nozzle 3B. As shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle portion 3Cc is connected to the cavity 3Cb via the connection port 3Cca. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle portion 3Cc is formed with an injection port 3Ccb opening in a direction along the direction of the gas injection nozzle 3B. As shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle portion 3 </ b> Cc is formed so as to reach the ejection port 3 </ b> Ccb from the connection port 3 </ b> Cca and away from the central axis C. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle portion 3Cc has an injection port 3Ccb formed on the same plane as the injection port 3Ba of the gas injection nozzle 3B. In addition, although not clearly shown in the drawing, the nozzle portion 3Cc is a recessed position on the rear side of the gas injection nozzle 3B with respect to the injection port 3Ba of the gas injection nozzle 3B (the side opposite to the direction in which the assist gas is injected). The injection port 3Ccb may be provided, and the injection port 3Ccb is provided at a position protruding from the injection port 3Ba of the gas injection nozzle 3B to the front side (side where the assist gas is injected) of the gas injection nozzle 3B. It may be done.

  In such a water injection nozzle 3C, the water supplied by the water supply part 5 passes through the processing nozzle 3 in the order of the water supply passage 3Ca, the cavity 3Cb, and the nozzle part 3Cc, and from the injection port 3Ccb of the nozzle part 3Cc. Be injected. Further, the water injection nozzle 3C is formed so that the nozzle portion 3Cc extends from the connection port 3Cca to the injection port 3Ccb and is separated from the central axis C, so that water injected from the injection port 3Ccb is discharged from the central axis C. It is ejected radially diagonally away.

  The gas supply unit 4 supplies assist gas to the gas injection nozzle 3B. The gas supply unit 4 is connected to the gas injection nozzle 3B via a gas supply pipe 4A, and includes a gas storage tank (not shown) disposed at a location where the gas comes out of water. Assist gas is supplied to the gas injection nozzle 3B by pumping gas to 4A with a compressor or the like, and the assist gas is injected from the gas injection nozzle 3B.

  The water supply unit 5 supplies water to the water injection nozzle 3C. The water supply unit 5 is connected to the water injection nozzle 3C via a water supply pipe 5A, and includes a water storage tank (not shown) arranged at a place where the water comes out of the water. Water is supplied to the water injection nozzle 3C by pumping water to 5A with a pump or the like, and water is injected from the water injection nozzle 3C. The water supply unit 5 may be configured to supply water to the water injection nozzle 3C by pumping water in which the processing nozzle 3 is disposed with a pump or the like, and to inject water from the water injection nozzle 3C. . Further, since a plurality of water supply passages 3Ca are provided in the water injection nozzle 3C, the water supply unit 5 is configured such that the water supply pipe 5A is branched into a plurality corresponding to each water supply passage 3Ca.

  Incidentally, FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. A processing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 4 performs laser processing, and has a processing head 6 instead of the processing head 2 described above. The processing head 6 irradiates the laser beam 6 </ b> A and is attached to the processing nozzle 3. The processing nozzle 3 to which the processing head 6 is attached has a holding means (not shown) so as to irradiate the laser beam 6A irradiated from the processing head 6 at a distance suitable for processing the processing site 100A of the workpiece 100 in water. For example, it is held in water by a manipulator). This processing nozzle 3 includes a laser irradiation nozzle 3D instead of the above-described torch insertion nozzle 3A. The laser irradiation nozzle 3D is a hole that is provided in the center of the processing nozzle 3 and allows the laser beam 6A irradiated from the processing head 6 to pass therethrough. The laser irradiation nozzle 3D irradiates the processing portion 100A of the workpiece 100 with the laser beam 6A. It has an irradiation port 3Da. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the processing apparatus 1 shown in FIG.

  In the processing apparatus 1 described above, as shown in FIG. 1 (or FIG. 4), the processing nozzle 3 has an opening 3Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 3A at a predetermined interval with respect to the processing site 100A of the workpiece 100 in water. (Or the irradiation port 3Da of the laser irradiation nozzle 3D) is held in a facing direction. And in the processing apparatus 1, the assist gas supplied by the gas supply part 4 is injected from the gas injection nozzle 3B. The assist gas injected from the gas injection nozzle 3B reaches a part of the processing part 100A of the workpiece 100 around the area to be welded by the welding torch 2A (or laser beam 6A), and the gas injection area of the part is a gas region. Is formed as a dry spot D. The processing head 2 (6) is provided with the gas injection region of the gas injection nozzle 3B as a processing region. In the processing apparatus 1, the water supplied by the water supply unit 5 is jetted from the water jet nozzle 3 </ b> C. The water jetted from the water jet nozzle 3 </ b> C reaches the workpiece 100 around the dry spot D, and forms a water curtain WS around the dry spot D by a water flow. The water curtain WS prevents water from flowing into the dry spot D.

  In the processing nozzle 3 applied to the processing apparatus 1 configured as described above, the water injection nozzle 3C has a passage cross-sectional area in the direction along the central axis C of the cavity 3Cb and a connection port with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc. It is formed larger than the opening area of 3Cca. The passage cross-sectional area in the direction along the central axis C of the cavity 3Cb is a cross-sectional area of the passage, and the cavity 3Cb forms an annular passage, so that both sides of the central axis C shown in FIGS. One of the two cross-sectional shapes is the cross-sectional area. Further, the opening area of the connection port 3Cca is the opening area of the connection port 3Cca that is annularly continuous in the annular nozzle portion 3Cc.

  Further, in the processing nozzle 3, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the water injection nozzle 3C has a passage diameter direction dimension D1 of the cavity 3Cb that is an opening of the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc. It is formed larger than the dimension D2. The radial direction is a direction orthogonal to the central axis C.

  According to this processing nozzle 3, the passage cross-sectional area in the direction along the central axis C of the cavity 3Cb is formed larger than the opening area of the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc. The water supplied from the water supply passage 3Ca to the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle 3C is reduced in flow velocity in the cavity 3Cb and restored to static pressure, so that the flow pressure (circumference) at each annular circumferential position of the cavity 3Cb is recovered. The deviation of the pressure in the whole direction) is reduced. In addition, the dimension D1 in the passage radial direction of the cavity 3Cb is formed larger than the opening dimension D2 of the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle 3Cc, so that when water flows from the cavity 3Cb to the nozzle 3Cc. Since the flow is generated and becomes resistance, the deviation of the flow pressure (pressure in the entire circumferential direction) at each annular circumferential position of the cavity 3Cb is reduced. As a result, the flow rate distribution of water ejected from the annularly formed nozzle portion 3Cc can be made uniform in the circumferential direction. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a weak water jet in the circumferential direction and prevent the surrounding water from entering the dry spot D which is a gas region.

  Further, in the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment, the ratio between the passage sectional area S1 of the cavity 3Cb and the opening area S2 of the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc is 0.01 ≦ S2 / S1 ≦ 0. It is preferable to satisfy the range of .15.

  If S2 / S1 exceeds 0.15, the cavity 3Cb becomes relatively small, so that it is difficult to obtain the action of reducing the flow velocity at the nozzle portion 3Cc. On the other hand, if S2 / S1 is less than 0.01, the cavity 3Cb becomes relatively large, so that the necessary pressure supplied to the water jet nozzle 3C increases and the processing nozzle 3 is increased in size. Therefore, by satisfying the range of 0.01 ≦ S2 / S1 ≦ 0.15, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water injected from the annular water injection nozzle 3C uniform in the circumferential direction is remarkably obtained. Can do.

  5 and 6 are schematic configuration diagrams of another example of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the processing nozzle 3 of this embodiment, the opening direction of the connection port 3 </ b> Caa with the cavity 3 </ b> Cb in the water supply passage 3 </ b> Ca deviates from the connection port 3 </ b> Cca with the cavity 3 </ b> Cb in the nozzle portion 3 </ b> Cc. It is preferable to be provided.

  The opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca is the direction of the water supply passage 3Ca and the inflow direction of water flowing from the water supply passage 3Ca into the cavity 3Cb.

  In the example shown in FIG. 5, the water supply passage 3Ca is provided in a direction along the central axis C and is provided away from the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc. In the example illustrated in FIG. 6, the water supply passage 3Ca may be provided so as to be separated from the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc by providing the water supply passage 3Ca in a direction intersecting the central axis C.

  Therefore, the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca is provided away from the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc, so that the water flows into the cavity 3Cb from the water supply passage 3Ca. Water does not directly face the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc, but once collides with the inner wall surface of the cavity 3Cb. For this reason, after the energy (dynamic pressure) of the water flowing into the cavity 3Cb from the water supply passage 3Ca is suppressed, it flows into the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc, so that the water flows into the nozzle portion 3Cc. The pressure distribution in the circumferential direction can be made uniform. As a result, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water jetted from the annular water jet nozzle 3C uniform in the circumferential direction can be remarkably obtained.

  7 and 8 are schematic configuration diagrams of another example of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment, a partition is formed between the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca and the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc. The member 3Cd is preferably provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the partition member 3 </ b> Cd is provided inside the cavity 3 </ b> Cb and is formed in an annular shape along the annular shape of the cavity 3 </ b> Cb. The partition member 3Cd is provided in the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca so as to partition a part of the inside of the cavity 3Cb, and is provided in the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc. An opening 3 </ b> Cda that communicates with each other is provided. The opening 3Cda does not exist in the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the partition member 3Cd exists in the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca, and the opening 3Cda has a connection port 3Ca with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca. If it does not exist in the opening direction, the arrangement is not limited. That is, the form shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is an example. A plurality of partition members 3Cd may be provided. Further, as in the example illustrated in FIG. 6, the water supply passage 3 </ b> Ca may be provided in a direction intersecting the central axis C.

  Therefore, the partition member 3Cd is provided in the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca, so that the water flowing into the cavity 3Cb from the water supply passage 3Ca is connected to the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc. Without colliding directly with the connection port 3Cca, it once collides with the partition member 3Cd. For this reason, after the energy (dynamic pressure) of the water flowing into the cavity 3Cb from the water supply passage 3Ca is suppressed, it flows into the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc, so that the water flows into the nozzle portion 3Cc. The pressure distribution in the circumferential direction can be made uniform. As a result, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water jetted from the annular water jet nozzle 3C uniform in the circumferential direction can be remarkably obtained.

  9 and 10 are schematic configuration diagrams of another example of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment, the fluid flows between the connection port 3 </ b> Caa with the cavity 3 </ b> Cb in the water supply passage 3 </ b> Ca and the connection port 3 </ b> Cca with the cavity 3 </ b> Cb in the nozzle part 3 </ b> Cc. A resistance member 3Ce is preferably provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the flow resistance member 3Ce is provided inside the cavity 3Cb and is formed in an annular shape along the annular shape of the cavity 3Cb. The flow resistance member 3Ce is a perforated plate that exists in the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca and is provided so as to partition a part of the inside of the cavity 3Cb, and the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc. A large number of small holes are formed so as to reach the connection port 3Cca. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the flow resistance member 3Ce is not limited in its arrangement as long as it exists in the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca. That is, the forms shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are examples. Further, a plurality of flow resistance members 3Ce as perforated plates may be provided. Further, as in the example illustrated in FIG. 6, the water supply passage 3 </ b> Ca may be provided in a direction intersecting the central axis C.

  Further, the flow resistance member 3Ce is not limited to the porous plate shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and is not clearly shown in the drawings, but may be a metal material, ceramics, glass, or resin forming a porous material, and a water supply passage. Between the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in 3Ca and the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc, and provided in the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca. . The flow resistance member 3Ce may be a wire brush (not shown in the figure), and is formed between the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca and the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc. It exists between and exists in the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca.

  Therefore, by providing the flow resistance member 3Ce in the opening direction of the connection port 3Caa with the cavity 3Cb in the water supply passage 3Ca, the water flowing from the water supply passage 3Ca into the cavity 3Cb and the cavity 3Cb in the nozzle portion 3Cc Before reaching the connection port 3Cca, flow resistance is applied by the flow resistance member 3Ce. For this reason, since the ratio of the flow resistance concerning flow rate distribution is relatively reduced in the cavity 3Cb and the total flow resistance in the circumferential direction is made uniform, the circumferential distribution of the pressure that causes water to flow into the nozzle portion 3Cc is obtained. It can be made uniform. As a result, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water jetted from the annular water jet nozzle 3C uniform in the circumferential direction can be remarkably obtained.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 11, in the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment, the nozzle portion 3Cc is preferably formed so that the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the connection port 3Cca with the cavity 3Cb toward the injection port 3Ccb.

  Accordingly, since the flow path area decreases toward the water flow direction of the nozzle portion 3Cc, the flow velocity deviation (flow rate deviation) of the flow can be reduced by the rectification effect due to the flow contraction, and the circumferential direction of the water jet can be reduced. Deviation in water flow rate can be suppressed. As a result, the effect of making the flow rate distribution of the water jetted from the annular water jet nozzle 3C uniform in the circumferential direction can be remarkably obtained.

  In addition, the form shown in FIGS. 5-11 can obtain the effect of equalizing the flow distribution of the water injected from the water injection nozzle 3 </ b> C formed in an annular shape in the circumferential direction by using it in an appropriate combination. it can. Further, as in the example illustrated in FIG. 6, the water supply passage 3 </ b> Ca may be provided in a direction intersecting the central axis C.

  Further, in the processing apparatus 1 to which the processing nozzle 3 of the present embodiment is applied, the processing nozzle 3, the gas supply unit 4 that supplies gas to the gas injection nozzle 3B, and the water supply of the water injection nozzle 3C. The water supply part 5 which supplies water to channel | path 3Ca, and the process heads 2 and 6 provided in the gas injection area | region of the gas injection nozzle 3B as a process area are provided.

  According to this processing apparatus 1, it is possible to obtain an effect of uniforming the flow rate distribution of the water sprayed from the water spray nozzle 3 </ b> C formed in the annular shape in the circumferential direction, and the occurrence of a portion where the water jet is weak in the circumferential direction. Since the situation where the surrounding water enters the dry spot D that is the processing region can be prevented, the processability in water can be improved.

  By the way, in the embodiment described above, the processing nozzle 3 is provided with the water supply passage 3Ca in the water injection nozzle 3C. However, the water supply passage 5Ca is directly connected to the cavity 3Cb by connecting the water supply pipe 5A of the water supply portion 5 to the water supply passage 3Ca. It may be a substitute for 3Ca.

[Embodiment 2]
Embodiment 2 according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily replaced by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 13 is an A′-A ′ arrow view in FIG. 12. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B'-B 'in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the processing apparatus 11 of this embodiment processes the to-be-processed object 1100 in water. Examples of the processing include welding and cutting, and examples of the processing method include TIG welding shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, overlay welding by TIG welding will be mainly described.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the processing apparatus 11 of this embodiment includes a processing head 12, a processing nozzle 13, a shield gas supply unit 14, and a water supply unit 15.

  The processing head 12 includes a welding torch 12A. The welding torch 12A is provided so as to penetrate the torch insertion nozzle 13A (not shown in FIGS. 13 and 14) of the processing nozzle 13. Moreover, the processing apparatus 11 is equipped with the welding wire 12B in the position corresponding to the front-end | tip part of the welding torch 12A. The welding wire 12B is supported through the processing nozzle 13.

  The processing nozzle 13 is not shown so that the tip of a welding torch 12A formed in a columnar shape and provided on the processing head 12 is installed at a distance suitable for processing the processing site 1100A of the workpiece 1100 in water. It is held in water by a holding means (for example, a manipulator). The processing nozzle 13 includes a torch insertion nozzle 13A, a shield gas injection nozzle 13B, and a water injection nozzle 13C.

  The torch insertion nozzle 13 </ b> A is a hole provided in the center of the machining nozzle 13 and through which the welding torch 12 </ b> A of the machining head 12 is inserted, and has an opening 13 </ b> Aa for arranging the welding torch 12 </ b> A in the machining site 1100 </ b> A of the workpiece 1100. Have.

  The shield gas injection nozzle 13B is for injecting a shield gas (such as argon gas or nitrogen gas), and is disposed so as to surround the periphery of the welding torch 12A as shown in FIG. It is formed as a hole that opens toward the injection port 13Ba. In the present embodiment, the shield gas injection nozzle 13B is formed as a hole formed in an annular shape around the cylindrical central axis C of the processing nozzle 13, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not clearly shown in the drawing, the shield gas injection nozzle 13B may be formed as a plurality of holes arranged in a ring around the cylindrical central axis C of the processing nozzle 13. In this embodiment, the shield gas injection nozzle 13B has an injection port 13Ba formed on the same plane as the opening 13Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 13A, as shown in FIG. In addition, although not shown in the drawing, the shield gas injection nozzle 13B is recessed to the rear side of the direction of the torch insertion nozzle 13A with respect to the opening 13Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 13A (the side opposite to the tip of the welding torch 12A). The injection port 13Ba may be provided at a position, and the injection port 13Ba is provided at a position protruding to the front side (the tip side of the welding torch 12A) of the torch insertion nozzle 13A with respect to the opening 13Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 13A. It may be done.

  The water injection nozzle 13C is for injecting water. As shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the water injection nozzle 13C is disposed so as to surround the shield gas injection nozzle 13B and is directed in a direction along the direction of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B. It is formed as an opening hole. In the present embodiment, the water injection nozzle 13C is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the shield gas injection nozzle 13B as shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the water injection nozzle 3 </ b> C includes a water supply passage 13 </ b> Ca, an annular passage 13 </ b> Cb, and a nozzle portion 13 </ b> Cc.

  The water supply passage 13Ca is connected to the water supply portion 15, and is configured as at least one passage hole instead of an annular shape in the water injection nozzle 13C configured as an annular hole. In FIG. 14, four water supply passages 13Ca are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, the water supply passage 13Ca is connected to the annular passage 13Cb as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the annular passage 13 </ b> Cb is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the shield gas injection nozzle 13 </ b> B, and opens toward the side along the direction of the shield gas injection nozzle 13 </ b> B. Is formed. As described above, the water supply passage 13Ca is connected to the annular passage 13Cb.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the nozzle portion 13Cc is formed as an annular hole so as to surround the shield gas injection nozzle 13B. As shown in FIG. 12, the nozzle portion 13Cc is connected to the annular passage 13Cb via the connection port 13Cca. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the nozzle portion 13Cc is formed with an injection port 13Ccb opening in a direction along the direction of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B. As shown in FIG. 12, the nozzle portion 13 </ b> Cc is formed so as to reach from the connection port 13 </ b> Cca to the ejection port 13 </ b> Ccb and away from the central axis C. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the nozzle portion 13Cc has an injection port 13Ccb formed on the same plane as the injection port 13Ba of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B. In addition, although not clearly shown in the drawing, the nozzle portion 13Cc is recessed behind the direction of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B with respect to the injection port 13Ba of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B (opposite to the direction in which the shield gas is injected). The injection port 13Ccb may be provided at the position, and the injection is performed at a position protruding to the front side (the side where the shield gas is injected) of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B with respect to the injection port 13Ba of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B. A mouth 13Ccb may be provided.

  In such a water injection nozzle 13C, the water supplied by the water supply unit 15 passes through the processing nozzle 13 in the order of the water supply passage 13Ca, the annular passage 13Cb, and the nozzle portion 13Cc, and the injection port 13Ccb of the nozzle portion 13Cc. Is injected from. Further, since the water jet nozzle 13C is formed so that the nozzle portion 13Cc reaches the jet port 13Ccb from the connection port 13Cca and is separated from the central axis C, the water jetted from the jet port 13Ccb flows from the central axis C. It is ejected radially diagonally away.

  The shield gas supply unit 14 supplies shield gas to the shield gas injection nozzle 13B. The shield gas supply unit 14 is connected to the shield gas injection nozzle 13B via a gas supply pipe 14A, and includes a gas storage tank (not shown) arranged at a place where the shield gas supply nozzle 14B comes out of the water. Then, the shield gas is supplied to the shield gas injection nozzle 13B by pumping the shield gas from the gas storage tank to the gas supply pipe 14A with a compressor or the like, and the shield gas is injected from the shield gas injection nozzle 13B.

  The water supply unit 15 supplies water to the water injection nozzle 13C. The water supply unit 15 is connected to the water injection nozzle 13C via a water supply pipe 15A, and includes a water storage tank (not shown) disposed at a place where the water comes out of the water. And water is supplied to the water injection nozzle 13C by pumping water from the water storage tank to the water supply pipe 15A with a pump or the like, and water is injected from the water injection nozzle 13C. The water supply unit 15 may be configured to supply water to the water injection nozzle 13C by pumping water in which the processing nozzle 13 is disposed by a pump or the like, and to inject water from the water injection nozzle 13C. . Further, since a plurality of water supply passages 13Ca are provided in the water injection nozzle 13C, the water supply unit 15 is configured such that the water supply pipe 15A is branched into a plurality corresponding to each water supply passage 13Ca.

  Incidentally, FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment. A processing apparatus 11 shown in FIG. 15 performs laser processing, and includes a processing head 16 instead of the processing head 12 described above. The processing head 16 irradiates the laser beam 16 </ b> A and is attached to the processing nozzle 13. The processing nozzle 13 to which the processing head 16 is attached is a holding means (not shown) so as to irradiate the laser beam 16A irradiated from the processing head 16 at a distance suitable for processing the processing site 1100A of the workpiece 1100 in water. For example, it is held in water by a manipulator). The processing nozzle 13 includes a laser irradiation nozzle 13D instead of the torch insertion nozzle 13A described above. The laser irradiation nozzle 13 </ b> D is a hole provided near the center of the processing nozzle 13 and allows the laser beam 16 </ b> A irradiated from the processing head 16 to pass therethrough, and irradiates the processing site 1100 </ b> A of the workpiece 1100 with the laser beam 16 </ b> A. The irradiation port 13Da is provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the processing apparatus 11 shown in FIG.

  In the processing apparatus 11 described above, as shown in FIG. 12 (or FIG. 15), the processing nozzle 13 has an opening 13Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 13A at a predetermined interval with respect to the processing site 1100A of the workpiece 1100 in water. (Or the irradiation port 13Da of the laser irradiation nozzle 13D) is held in a facing direction. And in the processing apparatus 11, the shield gas supplied by the shield gas supply part 14 is injected from the shield gas injection nozzle 13B. The shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle 13B reaches a part of the processing part 1100A of the workpiece 1100 around the area welded by the welding torch 12A (or laser beam 16A), and the gas injection region of the part is gas. It is formed as a dry spot D which is a region. The processing head 12 (16) is provided with the gas injection region of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B as a processing region. Further, in the processing apparatus 11, the water supplied by the water supply unit 15 is jetted from the water jet nozzle 13C. The water jetted from the water jet nozzle 13C reaches the workpiece 1100 around the dry spot D, and forms a water curtain WS around the dry spot D by a water flow. The water curtain WS prevents water from flowing into the dry spot D.

  FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a processing nozzle according to the present embodiment.

  The processing nozzle 13 applied to the processing apparatus 11 includes a flow resistor 17 as shown in FIG.

  The flow resistor 17 is formed in a cylindrical shape and is inside the annular shape surrounded by the annularly arranged injection port 13Ba of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B, and the opening 13Aa (or the laser irradiation nozzle 13D) of the torch insertion nozzle 13A. The proximal end portion 17a is attached to the processing nozzle 13 and the distal end portion 17b is opened so as to surround the irradiation port 13Da). The flow resistor 17 is composed of a porous material, a porous plate, a brush, and the like, and serves as a gas flow resistance while allowing the gas to pass inside and outside the cylindrical shape. The flow resistor 17 has a cylindrical shape in which the diameters of the proximal end portion 17a and the distal end portion 17b are the same, the diameter of the distal end portion 17b is larger than the proximal end portion 17a, and the distal end of the proximal end portion 17a. There are those in which the diameter of the portion 17b is small and those in which the diameter in the middle of the proximal end portion 17a and the distal end portion 17b changes.

  Therefore, the flow resistor 17 is arranged in a cylindrical shape so as to surround the processing site 1100A inside the shield gas injection nozzle 13B. And since the flow resistance 17 gives flow resistance to the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle 13B, it becomes difficult for the shield gas to flow into the processing site 1100A. As a result, even if the gas ejection flow rate of the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle 13B is increased in order to improve the shielding property that prevents the inflow of water from the water curtain WS to the dry spot D, the gas at the processing site 1100A is increased. Increase in flow rate can be suppressed. As a result, according to the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment.

  In the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, the shield gas injection nozzle 13B is directed to the side along the outer periphery of the flow resistor 17 as shown in FIG. 16, or the injection port 13Ba toward the side away from it as shown in FIG. Are preferably arranged.

  That is, the shield gas injection nozzle 13 </ b> B flows such that the shield gas injected from the injection port 13 </ b> Ba flows along the outer periphery of the flow resistor 17 or moves away from the outer periphery of the flow resistor 17. Therefore, according to this processing nozzle 13, the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle 13 </ b> B is prevented from directly colliding with the flow resistor 17. As a result, the shield gas can be made difficult to flow into the processing site 1100A.

  FIG. 18 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment.

  In the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the flow resistor 17 is preferably formed such that the tip portion 17 b warps outward.

  According to this processing nozzle 13, the tip 17 b of the flow resistor 17 is formed to warp outward, so that when the processing site 1100 </ b> A is processed while moving the processing nozzle 13, this movement is followed. Thus, the tip 17b of the flow resistor 17 can be brought into contact with the periphery of the processing site 1100A. As a result, the shield gas can be made difficult to flow into the processing site 1100A. Note that at least the tip 17b of the flow resistor 17 is flexible so that the effect of bringing the tip 17b of the flow resistor 17 into contact with the periphery of the processing site 1100A following the movement of the processing nozzle 13 is obtained. It is preferable to have.

  FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram of another example of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment.

  In the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, it is preferable to further include an assist gas injection nozzle 13E as shown in FIG. The assist gas injection nozzle 13E is for injecting an assist gas (argon gas, nitrogen gas, etc.) and is not shown in the figure, but is disposed in the vicinity of the welding torch 12A, and the flow resistance within the cylindrical shape of the flow resistor 17 It is formed as a hole that opens with the injection port 13Ea facing the opening side of the tip 17b of the body 17. The assist gas injection nozzle 13E is formed as a single hole or a plurality of holes. In the present embodiment, the assist gas injection nozzle 13E is illustrated so that the injection port 13Ea is formed on the same plane as the opening 13Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 13A. Even if the injection port 13Ea is provided at a position recessed in the rear side of the direction of the torch insertion nozzle 13A (on the opposite side to the tip of the welding torch 12A), the torch insertion nozzle with respect to the opening 13Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 13A An injection port 13Ea may be provided at a position protruding to the front side in the direction of 13A (the tip end side of the welding torch 12A).

  Moreover, in the processing apparatus 11 of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19, when the assist gas injection nozzle 13E is provided, the assist gas supply part 18 is provided. The assist gas supply unit 18 supplies assist gas to the assist gas injection nozzle 13E. The assist gas supply unit 18 is connected to the assist gas injection nozzle 13E via a gas supply pipe 18A, and includes a gas storage tank (not shown) disposed at a place where the gas comes out of water. The assist gas is supplied from the gas storage tank to the gas supply pipe 18A by a compressor or the like to supply the assist gas to the assist gas injection nozzle 13E, and the assist gas is injected from the assist gas injection nozzle 13E.

  As described above, in the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, the assist gas injection nozzle 13 </ b> E disposed with the injection port 13 </ b> Ea facing the opening side of the distal end portion 17 b of the flow resistance body 17 inside the flow resistance body 17. It is preferable to further comprise.

  According to this processing nozzle 13, the assist gas can be supplied into the cylindrical shape of the flow resistor 17. For this reason, the dry spot Da inside the cylinder of the flow resistor 17 in the gas region, the dry spot Db outside the tube of the flow resistor 17 in the gas region, and the outside of the dry spot D (in the gas region) It is possible to set the pressure in each region with the (external) underwater region W to be Da> Db> W. As a result, in the dry spot Da inside the cylindrical shape of the flow resistor 17, it is possible to suppress the gas ejection flow rate and increase the gas pressure, making it difficult for the assist gas to flow into the processing site 1100 </ b> A. The external dry spot Db can prevent the inflow of water from the underwater region W by increasing the gas ejection flow rate. As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  20 to 23 are schematic configuration diagrams of other examples of the processing nozzle according to the present embodiment.

  The processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment preferably further includes a shielding member 19 as shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 20, the shielding member 19 surrounds the injection port 13Ba of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B between the injection port 13Ba of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B and the injection port 13Ccb of the water injection nozzle 13C. It is formed in an annular shape. The shielding member 19 has a base end portion 19a attached to the inner side in the radial direction of the water injection nozzle 13C, a tip end portion 19b provided at a position radially outer than the base end portion 19a, and an injection port of the water injection nozzle 13C. It is preferable to be arranged so as to intersect with the direction of 13Ccb. The radial direction is a direction orthogonal to the central axis C, the radially inner side is the side closer to the central axis C, and the radially outer side is the side away from the central axis C. The shielding member 19 is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece 1100 at the tip 19b during processing.

  The shielding member 19 is disposed so that the tip end portion 19b contacts the surface of the workpiece 1100, is the opening 13Aa of the torch insertion nozzle 13A (or the irradiation port 13Da of the laser irradiation nozzle 13D), and surrounds the processing site 1100A. The And in the processing apparatus 11, the shield gas supplied by the shield gas supply part 14 is injected from the shield gas injection nozzle 13B. The shield gas sprayed from the shield gas spray nozzle 13B reaches a part of the processing site 1100A of the workpiece 1100 around the area to be welded by the welding torch 12A (or laser beam 16A), and is surrounded by the shielding member 19 Is formed as a dry spot D which is a gas region. The processing head 12 is provided with the gas injection region of the shield gas injection nozzle 13B as a processing region. The dry spot D surrounded by the shielding member 19 is set to a pressure higher than that of water outside the shielding member 19 by the shielding gas ejected from the shielding gas ejection nozzle 13B. Further, in the processing apparatus 11, the water supplied by the water supply unit 15 is jetted from the water jet nozzle 13C. The water jetted from the water jet nozzle 13C collides with the shield member 19 when the shield member 19 is arranged so as to intersect the direction of the jet port 13Ccb of the water jet nozzle 13C, and the shield member 19 is caused by the water flow. To the dry spot D side. Thereby, the deviation of the circumferential direction of the clearance gap between the front-end | tip part 19b of the shielding member 19 and the surface of the to-be-processed object 1100 can be suppressed, and the fall of the local shielding effect can be suppressed in the circumferential direction. Therefore, by providing the shielding member 19, it is possible to block the inflow of water into the dry spot D that is a gas region and prevent water from entering the gas region when performing underwater processing.

  In the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, it is preferable that the shielding gas injection nozzle 13B is arranged with the injection port 13Ba facing the inner surface of the shielding member 19 with respect to the shielding member 19 functioning in this way. .

  According to this processing nozzle 13, the shield gas injected from the shield gas injection nozzle 13 </ b> B is arranged by arranging the shield gas injection nozzle 13 </ b> B with the injection port 13 </ b> Ba facing the inner surface of the shielding member 19. Since the gas flows in the dry spot D along the inner surface of the shielding member 19 farthest from the processing site 1100A, the gas flow rate of the shielding gas toward the processing site 1100A can be reduced. Thereby, even if the gas ejection flow rate of the shield gas ejected from the shield gas ejection nozzle 13B is increased in order to improve the shielding performance that prevents the inflow of water to the dry spot D, the gas flow rate at the processing site 1100A is increased. Can be suppressed. As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  In the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21, the shield gas injection nozzle 13 </ b> B is provided with an injection port 13 </ b> Ba with a stepped portion 13 </ b> Bb between the base end portion 19 a of the shielding member 19. It is preferable.

  According to this processing nozzle 13, as shown by an arrow G in FIG. 21, the shield jetted from the jet port 13 </ b> Ba by the step portion 13 </ b> Bb provided between the base end portion 19 a of the shielding member 19 and the jet port 13 </ b> Ba. A circulating flow is generated by the gas, and the inner surface of the shielding member 19 is attracted to the shielding member 19 side by the Coanda effect due to the circulating flow and is attached to the inner surface of the shielding member 19. To flow along. Thereby, even if the gas ejection flow rate of the shield gas ejected from the shield gas ejection nozzle 13B is increased in order to improve the shielding performance that prevents the inflow of water to the dry spot D, the gas flow rate at the processing site 1100A is increased. The effect which can be suppressed becomes remarkable. As a result, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  Further, in the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, the flow resistor 17 is preferably formed such that the distal end portion 17 b extends beyond the position of the distal end portion 19 b of the shielding member 19. That is, since the shielding member 19 is formed in an annular shape, a surface surrounding the annular shape with respect to the distal end portion 19b is formed. By extending the distal end portion 17b of the flow resistor 17 from the position of the distal end portion 19b, the distal end portion of the flow resistor 17 extends outside the region surrounded by the shielding member 19 from the annularly surrounding surface with respect to the distal end portion 19b. 17b protrudes. Therefore, at the time of processing, the tip 17b of the flow resistor 17 can be sufficiently brought into contact with the periphery of the processing site 1100A. As a result, the effect of making it difficult for the shield gas to flow into the processing site 1100A becomes remarkable. As a result, according to the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment, the shielding performance can be improved while ensuring the welding quality.

  By the way, in the processing nozzle 13 of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 20, it is preferable that the shielding member 19 is formed such that the distal end portion 19b warps outward. The shielding member 19 is formed so that the distal end portion 19b is bent in a folded shape outward in the radial direction opposite to the extending direction so that the tip end portion 19b moves away from the surface of the workpiece 1100. Thereby, the shielding member 19 is disposed so that the tip end portion 19b intersects the direction of the injection port 13Ccb of the water injection nozzle 13C.

  Therefore, the water sprayed from the water spray nozzle 13C is turned at the tip 19b of the shielding member 19 because the tip 19b of the shielding member 19 is formed to bend outward. For this reason, the reaction force which presses toward the surface of the workpiece 1100 in the jet direction of the water jet nozzle 13C acts on the tip 19b of the shielding member 19, and the tip 19b of the shielding member 19 and the workpiece 1100 Deviation in the circumferential direction of the gap with the surface can be suppressed, and a local reduction in shielding effect in the circumferential direction can be further suppressed. As a result, the effect of blocking the inflow of water into the dry spot D, which is the gas region, and preventing water from entering the inside of the gas region when performing underwater processing can be significantly obtained.

  Further, the processing nozzle 13 of the present embodiment preferably includes a support member 20 as shown in FIG. The support member 20 extends in the radial direction along the shielding member 19 and is provided along the annular inner side of the shielding member 19. The support member 20 has a base end portion 20 a attached to the inner side in the radial direction of the water jet nozzle 13 </ b> C, and a tip end portion 20 b that is shorter than the tip end portion 19 b of the shielding member 19. A plurality of support members 20 are provided in the circumferential direction.

  Therefore, by providing the support member 20, the shielding member 19 can be reinforced so as not to be deformed radially inward by the water jetted from the water jet nozzle 13C. In addition, it is preferable that the base end part 20a of the support member 20 is supported by the machining nozzle 13 and is swingably attached along the central axis C, and the shield gas sprayed from the shield gas spray nozzle 13B. It is possible to follow the movement of the shielding member 19 due to the pressure or the pressure of the water jetted from the water jet nozzle 13C. The tip 20b of the support member 20 is preferably formed in a spherical shape, so that the support member 20 can be smoothly covered without obstructing the movement when the processing nozzle 13 is moved along the workpiece 1100. The surface of the workpiece 1100 can be applied.

  Moreover, in the processing nozzle 13 of this embodiment, the shielding member 19 preferably has flexibility.

  The flexible structure can be realized by selecting a material that can be bent with, for example, rubber, resin, or metal as a material for forming the shielding member 19. Further, as shown in FIG. 22, the flexible structure can be realized by forming the shielding member 19 in a bellows shape in which peaks and valleys are alternately formed from the base end portion 19a toward the tip end portion 19b. Moreover, the structure which has flexibility can be implement | achieved when the shielding member 19 is formed in the bellows shape by which the mountain and valleys were alternately formed in the circumferential direction, as shown in FIG.

  Therefore, since the shielding member 19 has flexibility, the shielding member 19 follows and bends due to the pressure of the shielding gas ejected from the shielding gas ejection nozzle 13B and the pressure of the water ejected from the water ejection nozzle 13C. Therefore, the tip 19b of the shielding member 19 can always be brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece 1100.

  The configuration of the processing nozzle 13 of the second embodiment described above can also be applied to the processing nozzle 3 of the first embodiment, and in addition to the effect of the processing nozzle 3 of the first embodiment, the processing of the second embodiment. The effect of the nozzle 13 can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing apparatus 2 Processing head 2A Welding torch 2B Welding wire 3 Processing nozzle 3A Torch insertion nozzle 3Aa Opening 3B Gas injection nozzle 3Ba Injection port 3C Water injection nozzle 3Ca Water supply passage 3Caa Connection port 3Cb Cavity 3Cc Nozzle part 3Cca Connection port 3Cc Port 3Cd Partition member 3Cda Opening 3Ce Flow resistance member 3D Laser irradiation nozzle 3Da Irradiation port 4 Gas supply part 4A Gas supply pipe 5 Water supply part 5A Water supply pipe 6 Processing head 6A Laser beam 100 Work piece 100A Processing part C Central axis D Dry spot D1 Passage radial dimension D2 Opening dimension S1 Passage cross-sectional area S2 Opening area WS Water curtain 11 Processing device 12 Processing head 12A Welding torch 12B Welding wire 13 Processing nozzle 13A Torch insertion nozzle 13Aa Open Port 13B Shield gas injection nozzle 13Ba Injection port 13Bb Step 13C Water injection nozzle 13Ca Water supply passage 13Cb Annular passage 13Cc Nozzle portion 13Cca Connection port 13Ccb Injection port 13D Laser irradiation nozzle 13Da irradiation port 13E Assist gas injection nozzle 13Ea Gas injection port 14 Supply part 14A Gas supply pipe 15 Water supply part 15A Water supply pipe 16 Processing head 16A Laser beam 17 Flow resistor 17a Base end part 17b Tip part 18 Assist gas supply part 18A Gas supply pipe 19 Shielding member 19a Base end part 19b Tip part 20 Support member 20a Base end portion 20b Tip end portion 1100 Work piece 1100A Processing portion D (Da, Db) Dry spot W Underwater region

Claims (16)

A gas injection nozzle;
A water injection nozzle formed in an annular shape so as to surround the gas injection nozzle;
With
The water injection nozzle is directed to at least one water supply passage through which water is supplied, an annular cavity to which the water supply passage is connected, and a direction connected to the cavity along the direction of the gas injection nozzle. An annular nozzle portion having a jet port, the passage cross-sectional area of the cavity is formed larger than the opening area of the connection port with the cavity of the nozzle portion, and the passage radial dimension of the cavity is the A nozzle for processing, wherein the nozzle is formed larger than an opening size of a connection port with the cavity of the nozzle portion.   The ratio between the passage cross-sectional area S1 of the cavity and the opening area S2 of the connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion satisfies a range of 0.01 ≦ S2 / S1 ≦ 0.15. 2. The processing nozzle according to 1.   3. The processing nozzle according to claim 1, wherein an opening direction of a connection port with the cavity in the water supply passage is provided away from a connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion.   The processing nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a partition member is provided between a connection port with the cavity in the water supply passage and a connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion.   The processing nozzle according to claim 1, wherein a flow resistance member is provided between a connection port with the cavity in the water supply passage and a connection port with the cavity in the nozzle portion.   6. The processing nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle portion is formed so that a cross-sectional area gradually decreases from a connection port with the cavity toward the injection port.   The gas injection nozzle further includes a flow resistor that is formed in a cylindrical shape with an open front end and allows the gas to flow inside and outside, and the gas injection nozzle serves as an opening at the front end of the flow resistor. The processing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the processing nozzle is disposed so as to face the side to be surrounded and to surround the periphery of the flow resistor. A processing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A gas supply unit for supplying gas to the gas injection nozzle;
A water supply section for supplying water to the water supply passage of the water injection nozzle;
A processing head provided as a processing region in the gas injection region of the gas injection nozzle;
A processing apparatus comprising: A flow resistance body that is formed in a cylindrical shape with an open front end portion and serves as a flow resistance of the gas while allowing the gas to pass inside and outside;
A shield gas injection nozzle disposed so as to direct the injection port toward the opening side of the tip of the flow resistor and surround the flow resistor;
A water injection nozzle formed in an annular shape so that the injection port faces the opening side of the tip of the flow resistor and surrounds the periphery of the gas injection nozzle;
A processing nozzle characterized by comprising:   The processing nozzle according to claim 9, wherein the shield gas injection nozzle is disposed with an injection port directed toward a side along or away from the outer periphery of the flow resistor.   11. The processing nozzle according to claim 9, wherein the flow resistor is formed with a tip portion bent back outward.   The assist gas injection nozzle which is further arranged with the injection port facing the opening side of the tip of the flow resistor inside the cylindrical shape of the flow resistor. Nozzle for processing as described in one. Between the spray port of the shield gas spray nozzle and the spray port of the water spray nozzle, an annular shape is formed so as to surround the periphery of the spray port of the shield gas spray nozzle, and the base end portion is the water spray nozzle Further provided with a shielding member that is attached to the radially inner side and the distal end portion is provided radially outside the proximal end portion,
The processing nozzle according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the shield gas injection nozzle is arranged with an injection port directed in a direction along an inner surface of the shielding member.   The processing nozzle according to claim 13, wherein the shield gas spray nozzle has a step portion disposed between the shield gas spray nozzle and a base end portion of the shielding member.   15. The processing nozzle according to claim 13, wherein the flow resistor is formed such that a distal end portion extends beyond a position of the distal end portion of the shielding member. The processing nozzle according to any one of claims 9 to 15,
A shield gas supply unit for supplying gas to the shield gas injection nozzle;
An assist gas supply unit that supplies gas to the assist gas injection nozzle when the assist gas injection nozzle is disposed;
A water supply unit for supplying water to the water injection nozzle;
A machining head provided with the cylindrical interior of the flow resistor as a machining region;
A processing apparatus comprising:

Images