JP2016539096A - Vegfアンタゴニスト及び抗ctla−4抗体の組み合わせを含む方法及び組成物 - Google Patents
Vegfアンタゴニスト及び抗ctla−4抗体の組み合わせを含む方法及び組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、癌並びに他の疾患及び障害の処置のための組み合わせ治療に関する。より詳細には、本発明は、VEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA-4抗体を含む治療的組み合わせ、並びにその使用方法に関する。
血管内皮増殖因子(VEGF)は、血管新生に関与するサイトカインである。リガンドVEGF-Aは、VEGF受容体-1(VEGFR1)及びVEGFR2と相互作用し、それにより正常及び腫瘍血管において血管新生シグナル伝達経路を開始する。VEGFのアンタゴニストは、癌、眼疾患、及び過剰な、不要な、又は不適切な血管新生を含む他の状態を含む様々な疾患及び障害の処置に有用であることが公知である。VEGFアンタゴニストの例は、アフリベルセプト(aflibercept)(VEGF Trapとしても知られる;ZALTRAP(R)、Regeneron Pharmaceuticals、Inc.、Tarrytown、NY)である。アフリベルセプトは、VEGFR2からのドメイン3に融合され、今度はヒトIgG1のFc(a)ドメインにヒンジ領域を通して結合された、VEGFR1からのドメイン2を含む、VEGF受容体ベースのキメラ分子である。アフリベルセプトは、結腸直腸癌の処置について認可されており、そして他の癌性状態の処置のためにも開発されている。VEGF Trapは、例えば、特許文献1に記載される;非特許文献1も参照のこと。
本発明の一局面によれば:(i)VEGFアンタゴニスト;(ii)抗CTLA-4抗体;及び(iii)薬学的に許容しうる担体又は希釈剤を含む医薬組成物が提供される。
本発明を説明する前に、当然のことながら、記載される特定の方法及び実験条件は変わり得るので、本発明はこのような記載される特定の方法及び実験条件に限定されない。また当然のことながら、本明細書において使用される用語は、特定の実施態様を記載する目的ためのみのものであり、本発明の範囲は添付の特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定されるので、限定することを意図されない。
本明細書で使用される表現「VEGFアンタゴニスト」は、血管内皮増殖因子(VEGF)又はVEGF受容体の通常の生物学的活性をブロックするか、低減するか又は妨害するいずれかの分子を意味する。VEGFアンタゴニストは、VEGFと天然VEGF受容体との間の相互作用を妨害する分子、例えばVEGF又はVEGF受容体に結合してVEGFとVEGF受容体との間の相互作用を防止するか又は他の方法で妨げる分子を含む。特定の例となるVEGFアンタゴニストとしては、抗VEGF抗体(例えば、ベバシズマブ[AVASTIN(R)])、抗VEGF受容体抗体(例えば、抗VEGFR1抗体、抗VEGFR2抗体など)、及びVEGF受容体ベースのキメラ分子(本明細書では「VEGF-Traps」とも呼ばれる)が挙げられる。
本明細書で使用される表現「抗CTLA-4抗体」は、細胞傷害性Tリンパ球抗原4(CTLA-4)に特異的に結合するいずれかの抗体又はその抗原結合フラグメントを意味する。ヒトCTLA-4は配列番号3のアミノ酸配列を有する。
本明細書において使用される用語「抗体」(例えば、抗VEGF抗体、抗VEGF受容体抗体、抗CTLA-4抗体など)は、4つのポリペプチド鎖:ジスルフィド結合により相互接続された2つの重(H)鎖及び2つの軽(L)鎖を含む免疫グロブリン分子、さらにはそれらの多量体(例えば、IgM)を含む。典型的な抗体において、各重鎖は、重鎖可変領域(本明細書ではHCVR又はVHと略される)及び重鎖定常領域を含む。重鎖定常領域は、3つのドメインCH1、CH2及びCH3を含む。各軽鎖は、軽鎖可変領域(本明細書ではLCVR又はVLと略される)及び軽鎖定常領域を含む。軽鎖定常領域は1つのドメイン(CL1)を含む。VH及びVL領域は、フレームワーク領域(FR)と呼ばれるより保存された領域が組み入れられた、相補性決定領域(CDR)と呼ばれる超可変性の領域にさらに細分され得る。各VH及びVLは、以下の順序でアミノ末端からカルボキシ末端に配置された3つのCDR及び4つのFRから構成される:FR1、CDR1、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3、FR4。本発明の異なる実施態様において、抗IL-4R抗体(又はその抗原結合部分)のFRは、ヒト生殖系列配列と同一であっても、天然又は人工的に改変されていてもよい。アミノ酸コンセンサス配列は、2つ又はそれ以上のCDRの対照分析(side-by-side analysis)に基づいて規定され得る。
本発明は、VEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA-4抗体を含む医薬組成物を含む。本発明のこの局面に従う医薬組成物は、薬学的に許容しうる担体又は希釈剤をさらに含み得る。生物学的治療剤を同時処方する(co-formulating)ための方法は当該分野で公知であり、そして本発明の医薬組成物を製造するために当業者により使用され得る。
本発明は、被験体において腫瘍の成長を阻害又は軽減するための方法を含む。本発明のこの局面に従う方法は、被験体に治療有効量のVEGFアンタゴニスト及び治療有効量の抗CTLA-4抗体を投与することを含む。腫瘍成長の阻害及び/又は軽減は、本発明の治療的組み合わせの投与(例えば、VEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA-4抗体の投与)の前及び後に被験体における腫瘍のサイズを測定することにより評価され得る。本発明の治療的組み合わせの投与の前の腫瘍のサイズ及び/又は成長速度と比較して、本発明の治療的組み合わせの投与後の腫瘍サイズの減少、又は腫瘍成長速度の減少は、被験体における腫瘍の成長の阻害又は軽減を示す。特定の実施態様において、本発明の方法は腫瘍退縮を生じる。本発明の特定の実施態様によれば、腫瘍成長の軽減は、本発明の治療的組み合わせの投与後の腫瘍成長速度が、本発明の治療的組み合わせの投与前の成長速度より少なくとも約5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%、又は100%少ないということを意味する。本明細書で使用される「腫瘍成長の軽減」は、腫瘍体積の減少(例えば、腫瘍退縮)も含む。
本発明は、1つ又はそれ以上のさらなる治療活性成分と組み合わせてVEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA-4抗体を含む組成物及び治療製剤、並びにこのような組み合わせをそれを必要とする被験体に投与することを含む処置方法を含む。
様々な送達系が公知であり、本発明の医薬組成物を投与するために使用することができ、例えば、リポソーム中の封入、マイクロパーティクル、マイクロカプセル、変異ウイルスを発現することができる組み換え細胞、受容体媒介エンドサイトーシス(例えば、Wu et al.、1987、J. Biol. Chem. 262:4429-4432を参照のこと)。投与方法としては、限定されないが、皮内、筋内、腹腔内、静脈内、皮下、鼻腔内、硬膜外、及び経口の経路が挙げられる。組成物は、いずれかの都合の良い経路により、例えば、注入又はボーラス注射により、上皮又は粘膜皮膚裏層(例えば、口腔粘膜、直腸及び腸管粘膜など)を通した吸収により投与され得、そして他の生物学的に活性な薬剤と一緒に投与され得る。
本発明の医薬組成物内に含有され、かつ/又は本発明の方法に従って被験体に投与される活性成分(例えば、VEGFアンタゴニスト及び/又は抗CTLA-4抗体)の量は、一般的には治療有効量である。本明細書で使用されるVEGFアンタゴニスト及び/又は抗CTLA-4抗体の文脈における表現「治療有効量」は、ヒト又は動物被験体において測定可能な生物学的効果を生じることができる、単独又は別の治療剤と組み合わせた、治療剤の量を意味する。このような測定可能な生物学的効果の例としては、例えば、被験体の血清中の治療分子の検出、被験体から採取された生物学的サンプル中の関連する代謝産物の検出、被験体から採取されたサンプル中の関連するバイオマーカーの濃度の変化、腫瘍サイズの減少、腫瘍成長速度の減少、腫瘍退縮、被験体の改善された生存、及び/又はいずれかの他の関連する治療的もしくは臨床的パラメーターの改善が挙げられる。
早期処置腫瘍モデルを、抗CTLA-4抗体及びVEGFアンタゴニストの組み合わせの有効性を試験するために開発した。このモデルにおいて、組み合わせ治療は、腫瘍移植の直後に投与された。この実験において使用された抗CTLA-4抗体は、抗マウスCTLA-4 IgG2bクローン「9D9」(Bio X Cell、West Lebanon、NH、カタログ番号BE0164)であった。この実験で使用されたVEGFアンタゴニストはアフリベルセプト(VEGF受容体ベースのキメラ分子、「VEGF-trap」又は「VEGFR1R2-FcΔC1(a)」としても知られる、その十分な説明は本明細書の他所に提供される)。であった。
実施例1の追跡調査として、様々な処置群(表1及び2を参照のこと)からの腫瘍のない動物を選択し、そして初期腫瘍移植の60日後に1.0x106 Colon-26腫瘍細胞を再負荷した。腫瘍負荷も処置も受けていない未処置動物も対照としてこの実験に含まれた。この追跡実験のための様々な処置群を表3にまとめる。
実施例1において、マウスは腫瘍移植の直後に治療的処置を受けた。この実施例では、対照的に、腫瘍が樹立された後まで処置を意図的に遅らせた。実験を以下のように行った:0日目に、1x106 Colon-26腫瘍細胞をマウスに移植した。11日めに、腫瘍が約60mm3に成長した後、マウスを同じ平均腫瘍サイズを有する群に無作為に選び、そして実施例1で使用したような単剤療法もしくは組み合わせ療法、または対照組み合わせのうちの1つで処置した(表1を参照のこと)。様々な治療を、2週の期間にわたって5つの異なる時点で投与した(すなわち、11日目、15日目、17日目、21日目及び25日目の注射)。
上に示された以前の実施例において、IgG2bアイソタイプの抗CTLA-4抗体(すなわち、市販の抗マウスCTLA-4 IgG2bクローン「9D9」)を実験で使用した。IgG2b抗体は低いエフェクター機能を有するが、IgG2a抗体は高いエフェクター機能を有するということが知られている。従って、この実施例では、抗CTLA-4抗体の免疫グロブリン定常領域の役割に取り組む。特に、マウス抗CTLA-4抗体のマウスIgG2a及びIgG2bバージョンの抗腫瘍効果を、後期処置マウスColon-26及びMC38腫瘍異種移植モデルにおいて互いと比較した。
この実施例において、組み合わせたVEGF-Trap及び抗CTLA-4抗体の処置の腫瘍成長及び他の定量的遺伝子発現及び腫瘍浸潤関連パラメーターに対する効果を、樹立したMC38マウス癌皮下腫瘍モデルにおいて調べた。
4及びVEGF-Trap治療が、それぞれ免疫調節性及び血管新生シグナル伝達経路を調節することによりそれらの効果を媒介し、それらの両方が組み合わせ群における改善された抗腫瘍免疫応答に寄与し得るということを示唆する。VEGF-Trapの投与は、活性化された内皮並びに血管新生因子Dll4、Ang2及びRobo4の下方調節を明らかにした。組み合わせ群におけるE-セレクチンの増加した発現は、改善されたリンパ球接着及び回転を示し得、これらは腫瘍組織への増加したリンパ球浸潤を生じ得る。この結果は、T細胞及び骨髄細胞の増加した数、さらには抗CTLA-4処置腫瘍において観察された炎症性サイトカインの上方調節、そして組み合わせ群におけるさらる増加と一致しており、二重VEGF及びCTLA-4遮断に対する抗腫瘍免疫応答の相乗的性質を示す。
Claims (59)
- (i)VEGFアンタゴニスト;(ii)抗CTLA−4抗体;及び(iii)薬学的に許容しうる担体又は希釈剤を含む、医薬組成物。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが、抗VEGF抗体、及び抗VEGF受容体抗体からなる群より選択される分子を含む、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが、VEGF受容体ベースのキメラ分子(VEGF Trap)を含む、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- VEGF Trapが、VEGFR1の1つ又はそれ以上の免疫グロブリン(Ig)様ドメイン、VEGFR2の1つ又はそれ以上のIg様ドメイン、及び多量体化ドメインを含む、請求項3に記載の医薬組成物。
- VEGF Trapが、VEGFR1のIg様ドメイン2、VEGFR2のIg様ドメイン3、及び多量体化ドメインを含む、請求項4に記載の医薬組成物。
- VEGF Trapが、(1)配列番号2のアミノ酸27〜129を含むVEGFR1成分;(2)配列番号2のアミノ酸130〜231を含むVEGFR2成分;及び(3)配列番号2のアミノ酸232〜457を含む多量体化成分を含む、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- VEGF Trapが、配列番号1の核酸配列にコードされるVEGFR1R2−FcΔC1(a)を含む、請求項6に記載の医薬組成物。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がアンタゴニスト抗体である、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がイピリムマブ又はトレメリムマブである、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 被験体において腫瘍の成長を阻害又は軽減するための方法であって、被験体に、治療有効量のVEGFアンタゴニスト及び治療有効量の抗CTLA−4抗体を投与することを含む、上記方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA−4抗体が、別々の投薬形態で被験体に投与される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 別々の投薬形態が被験体に同時に投与される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 別々の投薬形態が、被験体に連続して投与される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA−4抗体が、単一投薬形態で被験体に投与される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが、被験体に静脈内投与又は皮下投与される、請求項10〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体が被験体に静脈内投与又は皮下投与される、請求項10〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが、抗VEGF抗体、及び抗VEGF受容体抗体からなる群より選択される分子を含む、請求項10〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが、VEGF受容体ベースのキメラ分子(VEGF Trap)を含む、請求項10〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、VEGFR1の1つ又はそれ以上の免疫グロブリン(Ig)様ドメイン、VEGFR2の1つ又はそれ以上のIg様ドメイン、及び多量体化ドメインを含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、VEGFR1のIg様ドメイン2、VEGFR2のIg様ドメイン3、及び多量体化ドメインを含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、(1)配列番号2のアミノ酸27〜129を含むVEGFR1成分;(2)配列番号2のアミノ酸130〜231を含むVEGFR2成分;及び(3)配列番号2のアミノ酸232〜457を含む多量体化成分を含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、配列番号1の核酸配列によりコードされるVEGFR1R2−FcΔC1(a)を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がアンタゴニスト抗体である、請求項10〜22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がイピリムマブ又はトレメリムマブである、請求項10〜22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 腫瘍に罹患した被験体の生存を延長するか又は長くするための方法であって、被験体に治療有効量のVEGFアンタゴニスト及び治療有効量の抗CTLA−4抗体を投与することを含む、上記方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA−4抗体が、別々の投薬形態で被験体に投与される、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 別々の投薬形態が被験体に同時に投与される、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 別々の投薬形態が、被験体に連続して投与される、請求項26に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA−4抗体が単一投薬形態で被験体に投与される、請求項25に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが被験体に静脈内投与又は皮下投与される、請求項25〜29のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体が、被験体に静脈内投与又は皮下投与される、請求項25〜30のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが、抗VEGF抗体、及び抗VEGF受容体抗体からなる群より選択される分子を含む、請求項25〜31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが、VEGF受容体ベースのキメラ分子(VEGF Trap)を含む、請求項25〜31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、VEGFR1の1つ又はそれ以上の免疫グロブリン(Ig)様ドメイン、VEGFR2の1つ又はそれ以上のIg様ドメイン、及び多量体化ドメインを含む、請求項33に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、VEGFR1のIg様ドメイン2、VEGFR2のIg様ドメイン3、及び多量体化ドメインを含む、請求項34に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、(1)配列番号2のアミノ酸27〜129を含むVEGFR1成分;(2)配列番号2のアミノ酸130〜231を含むVEGFR2成分;及び(3)配列番号2のアミノ酸232〜457を含む多量体化成分を含む、請求項34又は請求項35に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、配列番号1の核酸配列によりコードされるVEGFR1R2−FcΔC1(a)を含む、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がアンタゴニスト抗体である、請求項25〜37のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がイピリムマブ又はトレメリムマブである、請求項25〜37のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 被験体において腫瘍免疫を誘導する方法であって、被験体に、治療有効量のVEGFアンタゴニスト及び治療有効量の抗CTLA−4抗体を投与することを含む、上記方法。
- 被験体が、被験体へのVEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA−4抗体の投与の前に腫瘍に罹患している、請求項40に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA−4抗体が、別々の投薬形態で被験体に投与される、請求項40又は41に記載の方法。
- 別々の投薬形態が被験体に同時に投与される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- 別々の投薬形態が、被験体に連続して投与される、請求項42に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニスト及び抗CTLA−4抗体が、単一投薬形態で被験体に投与される、請求項40又は41に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが被験体に静脈内投与又は皮下投与される、請求項40〜45のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体が被験体に静脈内投与又は皮下投与される、請求項40〜46のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが、抗VEGF抗体、及び抗VEGF受容体抗体からなる群より選択される分子を含む、請求項40〜47のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- VEGFアンタゴニストが、VEGF受容体ベースのキメラ分子(VEGF Trap)を含む、請求項40〜47のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、VEGFR1の1つ又はそれ以上の免疫グロブリン(Ig)様ドメイン、VEGFR2の1つ又はそれ以上のIg様ドメイン、及び多量体化ドメインを含む、請求項49に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、VEGFR1のIg様ドメイン2、VEGFR2のIg様ドメイン3、及び多量体化ドメインを含む、請求項50に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、(1) 配列番号2のアミノ酸27〜129を含むVEGFR1成分;(2)配列番号2のアミノ酸130〜231を含むVEGFR2成分;及び(3)配列番号2のアミノ酸232〜457を含む多量体化成分を含む、請求項51に記載の方法。
- VEGF Trapが、配列番号1の核酸配列によりコードされるVEGFR1R2−FcΔC1(a)を含む、請求項52に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がアンタゴニスト抗体である、請求項40〜53のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がイピリムマブ又はトレメリムマブを含む、請求項40〜53のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体が、ADCC及びCDCエフェクター活性を生じるFcアイソタイプを有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がIgG1アイソタイプのものである、請求項56に記載の医薬組成物。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体が、ADCC及びCDCエフェクター活性を生じるFcアイソタイプを有する、請求項10〜23、25〜38、又は40〜54のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 抗CTLA−4抗体がIgG1アイソタイプのものである、請求項58に記載の方法。
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2021511812A (ja) * | 2018-02-02 | 2021-05-13 | オンコイミューン, インコーポレイテッド | がん治療のためのより安全でより効果的な抗ctla4抗体を選択及び設計する方法 |
JP2021512884A (ja) * | 2018-02-02 | 2021-05-20 | オンコイミューン, インコーポレイテッド | 免疫療法効果が向上し副作用が軽減した変異抗ctla−4抗体 |
JP7490923B2 (ja) | 2018-02-02 | 2024-05-28 | オンコシーフォー、インク. | 免疫療法効果が向上し副作用が軽減した変異抗ctla-4抗体 |
JP7445995B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 | 2024-03-08 | バイオアトラ インコーポレイテッド | 抗ctla4抗体、抗体断片、それらの免疫コンジュゲートおよびそれらの使用 |
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CN105636986A (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
WO2015058048A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
EA037890B1 (ru) | 2021-06-01 |
KR102338453B1 (ko) | 2021-12-13 |
EP3057990B1 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
KR20160067978A (ko) | 2016-06-14 |
MX2016004736A (es) | 2016-07-26 |
IL244599B (en) | 2019-10-31 |
EP3057990A1 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
US10532096B2 (en) | 2020-01-14 |
US20180236070A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
CN105636986B (zh) | 2020-05-12 |
IL244599A0 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
CA2926853A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
US20160243225A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 |
CA2926853C (en) | 2022-04-26 |
JP6607850B2 (ja) | 2019-11-20 |
EA201690633A1 (ru) | 2016-08-31 |
US9968674B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
AU2014337135B2 (en) | 2019-09-19 |
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