JP2016529424A - scaffold - Google Patents

Abstract

The scaffold unit attached to the deck structure such as a bridge is composed of an arm set (2) for supporting the work plane and the support structure required for the work, and an arm set for attaching the arm set to the upper surface of the deck structure. An attachment frame (1). The arm set (2) is connected to the mounting frame by a pivot parallelogram (3, 6, 11, 12). [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a scaffold unit intended to form work stages and support structures required to perform bridge, other structural deck repair, installation and maintenance operations.

  In particular, the present invention relates to the production of bridge repair scaffolds.

  The published publication WO200832277 discloses one scaffold configuration suitable for bridge deck restoration work. This configuration consists of several scaffolding supports installed on the bridge deck, which are bolted to the upper surface of the bridge deck and then supported by a rotatable support element on the lower surface of the deck. Is supported by the bridge.

  Published publication WO2012062968 discloses an attachment element for attaching a scaffold support to a bridge deck. The attached scaffold support is configured to be supported by two support points on the upper side of the bridge deck. At least one of the support points is configured to receive a compressive force of an attachment element attached to the bridge deck and at least one is configured to receive a tensile force. The attachment element is configured to be removably attached to the bridge deck with at least two attachment means and includes at least one attachment means for attaching the attachment element to a support point subject to the tensile force of the scaffold support. .

  Since the scaffold support must be able to support very large loads such as repair tools, repair workers, or casting molds, the support is very heavy. Therefore, lifting means for handling them is required, and large vehicles are required to transport them. In addition, installation of the support usually requires several people. All these factors increase repair costs.

  Another factor that delays repair work and increases costs is that the vertical adjustment margin of the support relative to the deck of the bridge is very small. In addition, when lifting the support plane relative to the deck of the bridge, the support plane may tilt, making it difficult to work with or having to compensate for it in some way. Due to the large loads, the dimensions of all adjustment elements and operating devices must be increased, which increases the weight and cost of the structure.

  Scaffolds also require special mounting equipment such as bolts to pass through the bridge deck, or a flat surface of the deck for mounting. The formwork necessary to repair and cast the edge of the bridge must be moved with a jack, and continuous longitudinal casting of the bridge or deck is not possible. The work is also hampered by the support required for the scaffolding that contacts the underside of the bridge.

  The present invention intends to provide a solution that can easily change the position of the support plane formed by the scaffold in the height direction.

  The present invention also intends to provide a solution in which lateral positioning does not change with height adjustment.

  Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention are intended to provide a scaffold that can be disassembled and transported when desired and assembled when in use.

  Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention are intended to provide a scaffold that is simple in structure and easily manufactured.

  Embodiments of the present invention also provide a wide range of scaffolding work stages, formwork, and other structures at least in the height direction of the deck of the bridge, and preferably also transverse to the longitudinal direction of the deck plane. It is intended to be adjustable within range.

  Embodiments of the present invention also provide for scaffolding relative to the deck of the bridge or other plane, at least partially from the top of the deck, such as a bridge, and most preferably from the side of the mounting frame of the scaffold opposite the deck edge. It is intended to allow adjustment of the position in the height direction.

  The present invention is based on an attachment element that connects the scaffold to a deck of a bridge that is attached to a set of carrier arms using a pivot rectangle, preferably a pivot parallelogram.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, the scaffold can be disassembled into parts and assembled at the time of use.

  According to one embodiment of the invention, one scaffold unit comprises only one operating device for changing the vertical position of the set of carrier arms.

  Several advantages are obtained by the present invention.

  The structure of the scaffold unit according to the present invention is lightweight, but nevertheless has dimensions that can support the large loads required to support the devices and materials used in bridge repair operations. The scaffold unit can be easily disassembled into parts for transport and assembled at the time of use. A device for lifting a heavy object is not required for moving parts, and the scaffold can be installed by one worker. One of the most important advantages of the present invention is the wide positioning of the carrier plane formed by the scaffold relative to the underside of the bridge without essentially changing the angle of the carrier plane or the distance from the edge of the deck. It can be easily changed within the adjustment range. The scaffold components are plate and beam structures and are therefore inexpensive to manufacture. In principle, the assembly of the scaffold unit only requires that the pivot pin be set in place, so that the installation work is easy and no special tools are required.

  In the following, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It is a side view of the scaffold unit concerning the present invention. It is an exploded view of the scaffold unit of FIG. FIG. 3 shows the scaffold unit of FIGS. 1 and 2 in a first adjustment position. FIG. 3 shows the scaffold unit of FIGS. 1 and 2 in a second adjustment position. It is a figure which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Below, the downward direction is a direction from above the deck structure toward the upper surface of the deck structure, and the upward direction is the opposite direction.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the scaffold unit supports the work machine and formwork that forms the work plane and is necessary for the work, and sets the arms of the mounting frame 1 to the upper surface of the bridge or other deck structure 15. The carrier arm set 2 is used for connecting to and for adjusting the posture and position of the scaffold. The arm set 2 includes a vertical arm 4 with a transverse carrier beam 5 at its lower end, which forms a T-shaped structure at the end of the vertical arm. The second branch of T is set to face the deck 15 of the bridge so that the opposite branch faces away from the deck. The necessary facilities for the worker's passages and the work machines and formwork on the deck side of the bridge can be located on these branches.

  At the opposite end of the vertical arm 4 is a pivot parallelogram formed by two beams, of which the upper beam 11 is a straight box-shaped beam, the end of which is the pivot point 16 at the vertical arm 4. Is attached to the end of the plate and extends in the direction of the mounting unit therefrom. The lower parallel beam 3 is located below the upper beam 11. In this case, the lower beam 3 is a triangular beam or a beam reinforced at the location of the jack, and when triangular, includes a straight lower beam and a triangle formed at the top of the lower beam, It consists of two tilted beams and a vertical support that connects the apex of the triangle and the lower beam. The advantages of this beam structure are lightness and good load carrying capacity.

The upper beam 11 and the lower beam 11 are attached so that the upper beam 11 is attached to the pivot point 12 in the upper part of the mounting frame 1 and the lower beam 3 is attached to the lower pivot point 17 in the lower part of the mounting frame 1. The side beams 3 are attached to the mounting frame 1 by means of pivot pins 6 at pivot points 12 and 17 which are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. In this example, the mounting frame pivot points 12 and 17 are on the same vertical line, but if desired, the path of movement of the arm set can be changed by changing the position of the pivot point. At the opposite end, the upper beam 11 and the lower beam 3 are attached by a pivot pin 6 to a lug 13 at the end of the vertical arm 4 and the pivot points 16, 18 for the upper beam 11 and the lower beam 3 are also the same in the vertical direction. It is formed side by side on a straight line. Thus, the pivot points 12, 16, 17 and 18 together with the upper beam 11 and the lower beam 3 form a pivot parallelogram by allowing the vertical arm 4 and the lateral carrier beam 5 at its lower end to move vertically. The transverse carrier beam 5 is attached to the lug 14 by the pivot pin 6 at the lower end of the vertical arm 14. In this mounting method, the transverse carrier beam 5 is locked in a horizontal position and the pin mounting is intended to provide a joint that can be easily assembled.

  The mounting frame 1 can preferably comprise a mounting plate in the form of a stand that includes mounting bolts that can be adjusted vertically to mount the scaffold to the deck of the bridge. The mounting bolt can be fitted in a hole drilled in the deck of the bridge and fixed with a chemical binder, so that the mounting is robust and reliable.

  The pivot parallelogram allows the vertical arm 4 and the lateral carrier beam 5 attached thereto to be raised and lowered. In this embodiment, the operating device is a jack 9 installed on the mounting frame 1 between the mounting frame 1 and the lower beam 3 which is shaped into a pivot parallelogram triangle. The jack 9 is present at the vertical support below the apex of the beam triangle so that a strong point of action is obtained for the jack 9. The jack 9 can be a simple screw jack, a hydraulic jack, or some similar lifting device. Since continuous adjustment of the vertical position is not required, the jack can be a simple and robust device.

  In FIG. 3, the scaffold is in the upper position, and in FIG. 4, it is in the lower position. As can be seen from the drawing, the vertical arm 4 of the scaffold is accurately maintained vertically and the carrier beam 5 is maintained horizontally even at the extreme end position. In addition, it can be seen that the moving margin for height adjustment is very large. This is a very important advantage over previously known solutions, since the previously known solution has a very limited adjustment margin and is difficult to adjust.

  The scaffold in FIG. 5 is slightly different from the aforementioned scaffold. First of all, the lower beam 3 of the scaffold is one, not necessarily straight, and continuous with respect to the vertical arm 4 beyond the pivot point between the mounting frame 1 and the lower beam 3. doing. The lower beam 3 thus forms a lever that extends on both sides of the lower pivot point 17 of the mounting frame 1. A hydraulic jack 21 and a screw jack 22 are fitted on the end of this lever, also on the other side of the pivot point between the mounting frame 1 and the lower beam 3 with respect to the vertical arm 4. The shafts of the jacks 21 and 22 are supported on the stand 20 of the mounting frame 1. Both jacks can be used independently to adjust the position of the vertical arm 4 and the carrier beam 5 with the lever arm formed by the lower beam 3, but the adjustment is preferably done by a hydraulic jack. On the other hand, the position of the scaffold is locked by the screw jack 22. Here, the terms hydraulic jack and screw jack refer to an operating device that works with any hydraulic or screw by changing its compressive force, or traction force, or the length at which position locking is achieved. Position adjustment and locking can be done only with a screw jack if desired, but a hydraulic jack can be used as an aid to height adjustment or in parallel with the screw jack. No other operating device or power tool is required here. Adjustments can be made easily and safely across the mounting frame to the bridge deck. The lever can also be formed in the upper beam 11 or both beams 3, 11 in a corresponding manner. Optionally, one of the jacks can be fitted to the upper beam and the other to the lower beam, or both can be fitted in relation to either the lower beam or the upper beam.

  The scaffold unit (mounting frame 1) is preferably mounted from a stand 20 to a deck of a bridge or other structure with threaded bolts 23. The attachment to the deck is performed by bonding or casting a bolt in a blind hole opened in the deck. Attachment is done from two stands 20 at a distance from each other, and the scaffold can be lifted from the deck with threaded bolts so that a gap 24 is formed between the scaffold and the deck. Next, the surface of the deck can be processed with the scaffold attached, and the surface can be cast. One or more spirit levels can be provided on the mounting frame to facilitate its position adjustment.

  In this embodiment, the positioning of the scaffolding unit in the height direction relative to the deck of the bridge or other structure is between the vertical arm 4 and the pivot parallelogram 12, 16, 17, 18 in addition to the pivot parallelogram. This is done by changing the location of the attachment points (pivot points) 16 and 18. In the vertical arm 4, mounting holes 25 are arranged side by side at a predetermined interval. There are lugs 26 at the end of the upper beam 11 and the end of the lower beam 3, which are arranged on both sides of the vertical arm, and mounting holes 27 are also arranged side by side at a predetermined distance. The distance between the mounting holes 25 of the vertical arm is larger than the distance between the mounting holes 27 of the lug 26. In this way, a large adjustment margin is obtained by the mounting hole 25 of the vertical arm 4, and a smaller adjustment margin is obtained by the mounting hole 27 of the lug 26. When this adjustment method is combined with the adjustment made by the pivot parallelogram, the position of the scaffold unit can be set accurately within a very wide range, as desired. This allows, among other things, the bridge edge casting 19 to be easily and accurately positioned.

  Adjustment of the position of the carrier beam 5 relative to the edge of the bridge deck or other structure can be made with the corresponding hole arrangement.

  FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of the tight holes in the carrier beam 5 and the four holes in the mounting lugs of the vertical arm. This arrangement of holes is also flexible and the number and arrangement of holes can be varied to provide adequate adjustment accuracy. Although the holes can be densely arranged with long load bearing components such as vertical arms or carrier beams, a wider hole arrangement is preferred in order to minimize the number of holes and maintain strength.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to use a pivot parallelogram, but the length and position of the side of the pivot can be changed as necessary to form a pivot rectangle.

  The features of the foregoing embodiments can be easily combined to replace the corresponding components with each other in order to produce a structure that is more suitable for that purpose.

  The scaffold can be provided with a single work stage, which can include a rail or fixture for the formwork, a tool such as an abrasive water jet, or a handrail. The scaffolding can be attached to the rails of the bridge deck and can therefore be moved parallel to the deck as the work progresses. The mounting component can include a tool box for safe storage of tools and other materials, and lifting hooks and the like can be placed on the scaffolding so that it can be moved as a whole system.

  The scaffold unit according to the present invention can be transported to the work site in a state where it is ready to be assembled or disassembled into its main components. The assembly of the scaffold unit can be easily performed by installing the pivot pins 6 in a fixed position and locking them with a cotter. Therefore, in principle, no tools are required to assemble the scaffold unit. The scaffold unit is easily disassembled into relatively lightweight parts and can be moved to a new location after use. Significant advantages are achieved through easy assembly, disassembly, and transportation because several scaffolding units are required on a bridge deck or similar work site. Instead of pivot pins and cotters, it is of course possible to use other corresponding attachment elements such as bolts and nuts.

  It will be apparent that various parts of the foregoing examples may be replaced with functional and structural equivalents within the scope of the claims.

Claims (14)

A set of arms (2) for supporting the work plane and support structure required for the work;
An attachment frame (1) for attaching the set of arms to the upper surface of the deck structure;
A scaffold unit attached to a deck structure such as a bridge, wherein the arm set (2) is connected to the mounting frame by pivot rectangles (12, 16, 17, and 18). And a scaffold unit.   The scaffold unit according to claim 1, wherein the pivot rectangle is a pivot parallelogram.   The pivot rectangle comprises upper and lower beams (11, 3) and pivot points (12, 12) for connecting the beams (3, 11) to the mounting frame (1) and the arm set (2). 16, 17, 18), The scaffold unit according to claim 1 or 2.   The pivot points (12, 17) of the mounting frame (1) are on a straight line parallel to the pivot points (16, 18) of the arm set (2) according to the definition of a pivot parallelogram; The scaffold unit according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the straight line is preferably vertical.   The scaffold unit according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the lower beam of the pivot parallelogram is a triangular beam (3).   1-Claim characterized by at least one operating device (9) for adjusting the position of the pivot rectangle (3, 6, 11, 12) and the set of arms (2) attached to it. The scaffold unit according to any one of 5 above.   At least the coupling between the arm set (2), the mounting frame (1) and the pivot rectangle (3, 6, 11, 12) is implemented with a removable mounting element (6). The scaffold unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   Scaffolding unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the mounting element is a pivot pin (6).   Scaffolding unit according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a vertical arm (4) and a carrier beam (5) mounted laterally at one end thereof, the lower beam and upper beam (3, 11). ) Are attached to the vertical arm (4) by lugs (26), there is a row of holes in each of the lugs, there is a first spacing between the holes (27), and the vertical arms Scaffolding unit, characterized in that there is a row of holes and there is a gap between the holes (25) that is different from between the holes (27) of the lugs.   The scaffold unit according to claim 9, characterized in that the spacing between the holes (25) of the vertical arm (4) is greater than the spacing between the holes (27) of the lug (26).   The vertical arm (4) and the carrier beam (5) are attached to each other by a lug at the end of the vertical arm (4), and there is a row of holes in each of the lugs, the first between the holes. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein there is a space, and there is a row of holes in the carrier beam (5), and there is a space between the holes that is different from the space between the holes in the lug. The scaffold unit according to any one of the above.   12. Scaffolding unit according to claim 11, characterized in that the spacing between the holes of the carrier beam (5) is larger than the spacing between lugs of the vertical arm.   At least one of the upper beam or the lower beam (3, 11) such that the lower beam (3) forms a lever on both sides of the lower pivot point (17) of the mounting frame (1). One of the preceding claims, characterized in that one extends beyond the pivot point (17) between the mounting frame (1) and the lower beam (3) with respect to the vertical arm (4). A scaffold unit according to any of the above.   At least one operating device from the group of hydraulic jacks (21) and screw jacks (22) is located between the mounting frame (1) and the lower beam (3) relative to the vertical arm (4). Scaffolding unit according to claim 13, characterized in that it is arranged at the end of the lever formed by at least one of the lower beam or the upper beam beyond the pivot point (17). .

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