JP2016503943A - レドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システム及びそれを制御する方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
a)通常の電圧計又は同等の機器による、(双極セル・スタックの事例では、各セル間導電性プレートと接触する専用の外部電圧プローブ・ワイヤに備える)個々のセルの動作電圧。検査用に実践可能であるが、こうしたワイヤ配線に伴う腐食及び/又は漏出に関連するリスクがあるので、商業プラントではほとんど両立できない。
b)通常の電流計又は同等の機器による、直列で作動するセルを通る電流。
c)典型的に、測定するセル中の2つの電解質溶液を循環させることによる、セルの開回路電圧。
d)電解質溶液中に浸潤したプローブ電極と、実質的にゼロ充電状態の基準溶液中に浸潤した基準電極との間の電圧差を測定することによる、又は電解質溶液の比色分析による、又は電気伝導性測定による、電解質溶液の充電状態。
e)化学分析による、溶媒の物質収支及び2つの別個の電解質溶液のイオン種の改変。
Claims (8)
- 正DC端子と負DC端子との間で直列に電気接続された複数の単極セル・スタックの、液体不浸透永久イオン化膜によって隔離された正フェルト電極及び負フェルト電極をそれぞれ収容するフロー・コンパートメントをそれぞれ通して、貯蔵タンクへまたそこから電解質溶液を循環させる別個の正及び負の電解質溶液回路を備える、エネルギー貯蔵のためのレドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システムであって、各単極セル・スタック又はその各要素セルが、前記2つの電解質溶液の分配ラインにそれぞれ液体力学的に接続されたインレット・ノズル及びアウトレット・ノズルを有し、各単極セル・スタックが、そのそれぞれが外部DCレールそれぞれに接続された前記フロー・コンパートメントからそれぞれ突出する電気接続ステム又は尾部をもつ、負電極バック・プレートと交互配置された、いくつかの正電極バック・プレートを備え、多電極多コンパートメント単極セル・スタックを構成するように組み立てられた、レドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システムにおいて、
単極セル・スタック又はその要素セルのそれぞれのインレット及び/若しくはアウトレットで、2つの流動性電解質溶液中のそれぞれに浸潤した、機能するセルの開回路電圧(OCV)を測定するための、前記セル電極の特性に類似した特性のプローブ電極と、
前記単極セル・スタックの総セル電圧(TCV)の外部測定器具と、
流動性負電解質溶液中に浸潤したプローブ電極と前記単極セル・スタックの正バック・プレートとの間、及び流動性正電解質溶液中に浸潤したプローブ電極と前記単極セル・スタックの負バック・プレートとの間それぞれの2つの電圧差(pV、nV)の外部測定器具と、
前記作動電圧(TCV)と前記2つの電圧差(pV、nV)との間の差それぞれの外部測定器具と、
前記単極セル・スタックのいずれかの前記測定量と臨界閾値の異常な超過の信号に適合する電圧差のデータ処理手段とを備えることを特徴とする、レドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システム。 - プローブ電極が、インレットとアウトレットの両方で、単極セル・スタックの又はその各要素セルのフロー・コンパートメントそれぞれへまたそこからの2つの前記流動性電解質溶液中のそれぞれに浸潤し、
前記データ処理手段にさらに入力されるように、インレット及びアウトレットで、同一の電解質溶液に湿潤された前記プローブ電極間の電圧差をそれぞれ測定する外部測定器具、
請求項1に記載のレドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システム。 - 単極セル・スタックの各セル電極に流れる前記電流を監視するようになされ、これらの電流測定値を前記にさらに入力する、各伝導性バック・プレートの前記電気接続ステム又は尾部に電流検知手段をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のレドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システム。
- 前記2つの別個の電解質溶液の前記フロー・コンパートメントそれぞれを通る流れ検出器をさらに備え、その状態が前記データ処理手段にさらに入力される、請求項1に記載のレドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システム。
- 酸素発生をサポートするようになされたアノード、及び液体不浸透性カチオン交換膜によって隔離された前記システム・セルに類似した特性のカソード、並びに過剰に充電された正電解質溶液を還元するために電解質セルの前記アノード・コンパートメントを通る前記正電解質溶液の少量の循環流動を流すようになされた流れ転換手段を有し、前記データ処理手段によって信号が送られると、負電解質溶液の充電状態に対して前記正電解質溶液の前記充電状態を定期的にリバランスするための専用の前記電解質セルをさらに備える、請求項1に記載のレドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システム。
- 正DC端子と負DC端子との間で直列に電気接続された複数の単極セル・スタックの、液体不浸透永久イオン化膜によって隔離された正フェルト電極及び負フェルト電極をそれぞれ収容するフロー・コンパートメントをそれぞれ通して、貯蔵タンクへまたそこから電解質溶液を循環させる別個の正及び負の電解質溶液回路を備える、エネルギー貯蔵のためのレドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システムの動作を制御する方法であって、各単極セル・スタック又はその各要素セルが、前記2つの電解質溶液の分配ラインにそれぞれ液体力学的に接続されたインレット・ノズル及びアウトレット・ノズルを有し、各単極セル・スタックが、そのそれぞれが外部DCレールそれぞれに接続された前記フロー・コンパートメントからそれぞれ突出する電気接続ステム又は尾部をもつ、負電極バック・プレートと交互配置された、いくつかの正電極バック・プレートを備え、多電極多コンパートメント単極セル・スタックを構成するように組み立てられた、方法において、
単極セル・スタック又はその要素セルのそれぞれのインレット及び/若しくはアウトレットで、2つの流動性電解質溶液中のそれぞれに浸潤した、前記セル電極の特性に類似した特性のプローブ電極で機能するセルの開回路電圧(OCV)を測定するステップと、
機能する単極セル・スタックの総セル電圧(TCV)を測定するステップと、
流動性負電解質溶液中に浸潤したプローブ電極と単極セル・スタックの正バック・プレートとの間、及び流動性正電解質溶液中に浸潤したプローブ電極と前記単極セル・スタックの負バック・プレートとの間それぞれの2つの電圧差(pV、nV)を測定するステップと、
前記稼働中の電圧(TCV)と前記2つの電圧差(pV、nV)との間の差をそれぞれ測定するステップと、
前記測定量と電圧差を処理し、事前設定した臨界閾値の異常な超過を信号で送るステップとを含む方法。 - プローブ電極が、インレットとアウトレットの両方で、単極セル・スタックの又はその各要素セルのフロー・コンパートメントそれぞれにまたそこからの前記2つの流動性電解質溶液中のそれぞれに浸潤し、
インレット及びアウトレットで、同一の電解質溶液に湿潤された前記プローブ電極間の電圧差をそれぞれ測定する外部測定器具と、
充電状態の限界に達したことを示す前記測定した電圧差の増大、及びその充電状態の不均衡を示す前記2つの別個の電解質溶液の増分レートの相違点を監視するステップと、をさらに含む、請求項6に記載のレドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システムの動作を制御する方法。 - 各導電性バック・プレートの前記電気接続ステム又は尾部に結合された電流検知手段を用いて、単極セル・スタックの各セル電極を流れる前記電流を測定するステップと、
前記単極セル・スタックの1つ又は複数の要素セルの前記性能の改変を示す前記測定した電圧差の間の相違点を監視するステップと、をさらに含む、請求項6又は7に記載のレドックス・フロー・バッテリ・システムの動作を制御する方法。
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