JP2016209868A - Dry separation method for volcanic ejecta sedimented mineral, dry separation apparatus for volcanic ejecta sedimented mineral, fine aggregate and volcanic glass material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dry separation method for volcanic ejecta sedimented mineral capable of enhancing the yield of fine aggregates with a density of 2.5 g/cmor more by improving a conventional method for regulating the particle size of normal shirasu.SOLUTION: An air stream classification apparatus comprises: a classifier group for coarse grain recovery having at least two cyclone classifiers, which remove gravel contents of 5 mm or more particle diameter from volcanic ejecta sedimented mineral to make a normal temperature or high temperature air stream transport the remainder and are connected to a circulating air stream path; a cyclone classifier for fine grain recovery coupled with this cyclone classifier group; and a bag filter for fine powder recovery coupled with this cyclone classifier group. The air stream classification apparatus recovers coarse gains with the cyclone classifier group for coarse grain recovery, fine grains with the cyclone classifier for fine grain recovery, and fine powder with the bag filter for fine powder recovery, thereby recovering fine aggregates from the recovered coarse grains.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a dry separation method, a dry separation apparatus, a fine aggregate separated by a dry separation method, and a volcanic glass material.

  Conventionally, natural sands such as river sand and sea sand have been used as fine aggregates for concrete, but river sand has been depleted as a result of many years of digging, and the collection of sea sand is an environment. Because it leads to destruction, its collection is restricted, and there is a situation in which some have to rely on imports. In western Japan, where sea sand is highly dependent, the acquisition of raw materials to replace natural sand is an urgent issue.

  By the way, Shirasu is a kind of volcanic eruption deposit mineral widely distributed in Southern Kyushu, and it is a resource that can be obtained in large quantities. Therefore, if Shirasu can be used as an aggregate for concrete, it will replace natural sand. obtain. Especially, salt-free sand such as river sand contributes to extending the life of concrete, especially reinforced concrete, so it has higher added value than sea sand, which is unavoidable with salt, but river sand is collected from freshwater organisms and aquatic plants. This will cause the destruction of ecosystems and other environmental impacts. Shirasu is a pyroclastic flow deposit on land about 30,000 years ago and is salt-free. Therefore, fine aggregate extracted from Shirasu has high added value as salt-free sand.

  As a fine aggregate for concrete, the most important issue when using a natural Shirasu, that is, a Shirasu plateau in southern Kyushu, that is not processed as it is, the biggest issue is the Shirasu supervised by the civil engineering department of Kagoshima Prefecture. According to the concrete construction manual (draft) using as a fine aggregate (issued in 2006), the shirasu contains an extremely large amount of fine particles. The content of fine particles having a particle size of 0.150 mm or less in ordinary shirasu is in the range of 20 to 40%, an average of about 30%, which is abnormally large compared to natural sand. The large amount of fine particles is derived from the fact that Shirasu is a huge pyroclastic flow deposit that is not subjected to water drought, unlike river sand that has been drought due to water. According to the Japan Society of Civil Engineers "Standard Specification for Concrete", the content of particles with a particle size of 0.150 mm or less should be 10% or less for ordinary sand, and the content of crushed sand and blast furnace slag crushed sand should be 15% or less. Because it is possible to do so, ordinary shirasu cannot be used for ordinary sand as it is. If a fine aggregate containing a large amount of fine particles having a particle size of 0.150 mm or less is used, the fluidity of fresh concrete that has not yet hardened is hindered, leading to an increase in the amount of unit water. For this reason, it is necessary to remove fine particles having a particle size of 0.150 mm or less to 15% or less, preferably at least less than 15%, as in the case of crushed sand. It has never been possible to achieve this.

  That is, in order to remove fine particles having a particle size of 0.150 mm or less from the shirasu, there are a dry sieving method and a wet sieving method. In some cases, moisture may ooze out due to vibration during the sieving process, and the fine particles may agglomerate or adhere to the coarse particles, and also adhere to the sieve net. Clogging occurs, making it impossible to remove fine particles. For this reason, it is necessary to dry prior to sieving, but this involves a great deal of energy consumption and requires a long processing time, which inevitably becomes a major obstacle to practical use. In addition, the latter wet sieving method has the same disadvantage as the former because a large amount of water must be used and a drying process needs to be performed after sizing.

  As another problem when adjusting the size of the shirasu, there is a problem of disposal of fine particles having a removed particle diameter of 0.150 mm or less, that is, unnecessary residues. According to JIS-A1204 “Soil Grain Size Testing Method”, the particle size 2 to 4.75 mm is fine gravel, the particle size 0.850 to 2 mm is coarse sand, and the particle size 0.250 to 0.850 mm is medium sand. The particle size of 0.075 to 0.250 mm is defined as fine sand, the particle size of 0.005 to 0.075 mm is defined as silt, and the particle size of 0.005 mm or less is defined as clay. Therefore, a fine particle having a particle size of 0.150 mm or less has a wide particle size distribution, a part of fine sand, a silt component, and a clay component are mixed, and the added value is low, and there is no application. Among the silt and clay components, the clay component is fine and difficult to settle in water, so it cannot be flowed into the river or the sea while it is cloudy. Those that have been separated by high precipitation must be disposed of, and the disposal costs cannot be ignored. Further, since the supernatant drainage also contains the components of the flocculant, the release to the natural environment is unfavorable from the environment. Once clay soaked in water or agglomerates of silt and clay are solidified during the drying process, they can be dispersed into single particles even if they are desired to be dispersed into single particles when used. Since it is difficult, even if it is used as an admixture, the agglomerated structure interferes with it and it is difficult to express the pozzolanic effect that may be inherently possessed. Furthermore, when the component of the flocculant is mixed, the effect as an admixture is reduced.

  Adjusting to the desired particle size is called sizing, but when shirasu is normally sized and divided into two parts based on a particle size of 0.150 mm as described above, even if one of them is useful as a product, Unnecessary residue is generated and the disposal cost is transferred to the product, which is disadvantageous in price competition. In addition, when the number of divisions by sizing is small, the particle size width is naturally wide and the added value is low, so the profitability is not suitable.

  Therefore, with the exception of Shirasu, which has a very small particle size due to the natural drought effect of water, such as Yoshida Shirasu and Kakuto Shirasu, the ordinary Shirasu that forms the Shirasu Plateau is industrially The current situation is that profitability cannot be achieved by sizing.

  Regarding the regular shirasu sizing method, the first cyclone or the fourth cyclone and bag filter are combined, the first cyclone is fine aggregate, the second cyclone is coarse sand and medium sand, and the third cyclone is medium sand. In addition, there is a method of collecting fine sand, fine sand and silt with a fourth cyclone, and clay with a bag filter (Patent Document 1).

JP 2010-269951 A (Claims and others)

The sizing method described in Patent Document 1 is based on volcanic ejecta deposit minerals without carrying out a drying process of raw material shirasu or product that involves the consumption of a large amount of heat energy or a water tank treatment using a large amount of water. High-value-added sized products adjusted to a desired particle size can be easily and efficiently mass-produced in many types simultaneously. However, the fine aggregate recovered by the first cyclone using ordinary shirasu as a raw material has a low yield of a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more as defined in “sand” of JIS A5308, and increases the yield. Therefore, further improvement has been demanded.

The present invention provides a method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, which improves the conventional shirasu sizing method and can increase the yield of fine aggregate having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more. The purpose is that.

The present inventors remove a gravel having a particle diameter of 5 mm or more from a volcanic ejecta deposit mineral, for example, ordinary shirasu, and then dry-separate it with a specific air classifier, a specific gravity difference sorter or a combination of both. As a result, it was found that the yield of fine aggregate having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more can be increased, and the present invention has been made based on this finding.

One aspect of the present invention is to remove at least two cyclone classifiers connected to a circulating air flow path by removing gravel particles having a particle size of more than 5 mm from volcanic ejecta deposit minerals and transporting the remainder to a normal or high temperature air flow. Airflow classifier having a cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles, a cyclone classifier for collecting fine grains connected to the cyclone classifier group, and a bag filter for collecting fine powder connected to the cyclone classifier To collect coarse particles in a cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles, fine particles in a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles, and fine powder with a bag filter for collecting fine particles,
It is a dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals characterized in that fine aggregate is recovered from the recovered coarse particles.

  In the above invention, one cyclone classifier in the cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles preferably has a conical shape at the top, and is connected to the pipe line at the top of the conical shape. It is preferable to have a cyclone crusher upstream of the collection cyclone classifier group.

Another aspect of the present invention is to remove gravel particles having a particle size of more than 5 mm from volcanic ejecta deposit minerals and vibrate a perforated plate inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction toward the perforated plate from below. Supply to the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device that blows air, sort into heavy specific gravity, light specific gravity, dust collection, and perforated plate falling,
This is a method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, characterized in that fine aggregate is recovered from the selected heavy specific gravity.
In the above invention, the fine aggregate can be recovered not only from the selected specific gravity but also from the perforated plate falling.

In the above invention, the perforated plate falling portion sorted by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the same or different air table type specific gravity difference sorting device having different working conditions, and the heavy specific gravity and light specific gravity It is preferable that the fine aggregate is further collected from the sorted specific gravity by further sorting into the minute fraction, the dust collection fraction, and the perforated plate falling fraction.
In the above invention using a plurality of specific gravity difference sorting devices, the fine aggregate can be recovered not only from the further sorted specific gravity, but also from the sorted perforated plate drop.
Further, in the above-described invention using a plurality of specific gravity difference sorting devices, the downstream specific gravity difference sorting device sorts into a heavy specific gravity component, a light specific gravity component, and a dust collection component without sorting the perforated plate falling component. You can also.
In the above invention using a plurality of specific gravity difference sorting devices, the light specific gravity selected by the upstream specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the downstream specific gravity difference sorting device, and the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, Further, it is possible to further collect the dust collected and the perforated plate fall, and further collect the light pumice for the aggregate from the light specific gravity that has been selected. It is possible to collect the pumice for the lightweight aggregate from the selected light specific gravity by selecting the heavy specific gravity, the light specific gravity, and the dust collection without selecting the falling plate.
Further, in the above invention using a plurality of specific gravity difference sorting devices, the dust collected by the upstream specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the downstream specific gravity difference sorting device, and the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, In addition, the volcanic glass material can be further collected into the collected dust and the perforated plate fall, and the volcanic glass material can be recovered from the further collected dust. It is also possible to collect the volcanic glass material from the selected dust collection by sorting into the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, and the dust collection component.

Another aspect of the present invention is to remove gravel having a particle size of more than 5 mm from volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, transport the remainder to a normal or high temperature air stream, and classify at least two cyclones connected to a circulating air flow path. Air-flow classification having a cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles, a cyclone classifier for collecting fine grains connected to the cyclone classifier group, and a bag filter for collecting fine powder connected to the cyclone classifier The equipment collects coarse particles with a cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles, fine particles with a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles, and fine powder with a bag filter for collecting fine particles.
The recovered coarse particles are supplied to an air table type specific gravity difference sorting device that blows air from below to the perforated plate while vibrating the perforated plate inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction. Sort into specific gravity, dust collection, and perforated plate drop,
This is a method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, characterized in that fine aggregate is recovered from the selected heavy specific gravity.
In the above invention, the fine aggregate can be recovered not only from the selected specific gravity but also from the perforated plate falling.

  In the above invention, one cyclone classifier in the group of cyclone classifiers for collecting coarse particles preferably has a conical shape at the top and is connected to a pipe line at the top of the cone shape. It is preferable to have a cyclone crusher on the upstream side of the cyclone classifier group, and the perforated plate falling portion sorted by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is the same or different air table type specific gravity with different working conditions It is preferable to supply to the differential sorting device, further sort into heavy specific gravity, light specific gravity, dust collection, and perforated plate falling, and further collect fine aggregate from the sorted heavy specific gravity .

The coarse particles recovered in the invention provided with the air classifier have a particle size of 0.30 to 5 mm, a fine particle size of 0.05 to 0.30 mm, and a fine particle size of 0.05 mm. The following is preferable.
In the above-mentioned invention provided with the specific gravity difference sorting device, it is preferable to sort the heavy specific gravity with a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more, and sort the lower density with the light specific gravity.
In the above invention comprising at least one of the airflow classifying device and the specific gravity difference sorting device, it is preferable to classify at least one of the light specific gravity component and the fine particles into a sieve upper portion and a sieve lower portion. The top of the sieve can be recovered as a lightweight aggregate, especially when the volcanic ejecta deposit mineral is Shirasu, and at least one of the light specific gravity and fine particles is screened, and the bottom of the sieve is used as pearlite raw material or Shirasu balloon raw material. It is preferable to collect. The screen mesh used for the sieving is preferably 75 μm or more.

  One aspect of the present invention is a cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles having at least two cyclone classifiers connected to a circulating air flow path, and a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles connected to the cyclone classifier group. And a volcanic ejecta deposit mineral dry separation device comprising an airflow classifying device having a machine and a fine powder collecting bag filter connected to the cyclone classifier.

In the above invention, one cyclone classifier in the group of cyclone classifiers for collecting coarse particles preferably has a conical shape at the top and is connected to a pipe line at the top of the cone shape. It is preferable to have a cyclone crusher upstream of the cyclone classifier group, and at least one of the cyclone classifier and the cyclone classifier for fine grain recovery is aspirated from the cyclone classifier group for coarse grain recovery. It is preferable to provide an adjusting means and adjust the air flow rising speed by the intake air adjusting means.
In the above-mentioned invention, it is preferable to further include one or more air table type specific gravity difference sorting devices that vibrate the porous plate inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction and blow air toward the porous plate from below.
In the air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus, it is preferable that the density is set to a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more and the density is less than the density of light specific gravity.
Furthermore, at least one of the light specific gravity and fine particles can be sieved with a particle size of 0.3 mm, and the top of the sieve can be recovered as a lightweight aggregate. When the volcanic ejecta deposit mineral is Shirasu, it can be screened and recovered under the sieve as a pearlite (JIS A5007 equivalent) raw material, a Shirasu balloon raw material or an admixture raw material. The screen mesh used for the sieving is preferably 75 μm or more.

One aspect of the present invention is a fine aggregate obtained by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals of the present invention.
One aspect of the present invention is a residual volcanic glass material obtained by separating fine aggregates by the above-described dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention, and separated into a particle size of 0.3 mm or more. Pumice for lightweight aggregate made of volcanic glass.

One aspect of the present invention is a residual volcanic glass material obtained by separating fine aggregates by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention, which is separated to a particle size of less than 0.05 mm. It is a volcanic glass material. The volcanic glass material separated to a particle size of less than 0.05 mm can be used as an admixture having a pozzolanic effect. Moreover, the volcano which is not grind | pulverized by grind | pulverizing at least one of the volcanic glass material with a particle size of less than 0.05 mm, the volcanic glass material of 0.05 mm-0.3 mm, and the volcanic glass of 0.3 mm or more. An admixture having a pozzolanic effect superior to that of a glass material can be obtained.
Moreover, Portland cement can be mixed with at least one of the remaining volcanic glass material and the crushed volcanic glass material to obtain a mixed cement having a pozzolanic effect.

  One aspect of the present invention is a residual volcanic glass material obtained by separating fine aggregates by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention, and having a separated particle size of 0.05 mm or more. It is a pearlite obtained by firing and expanding a volcanic glass material as it is or after pulverization.

  According to the present invention, for example, by separating ordinary shirasu by dry separation, the heavy specific gravity is used as a fine aggregate, the light specific gravity and the fine particle sieve are used as the lightweight aggregate, and the light specific gravity and the fine particle under the sieve. Can be recovered as pearlite, pearlite raw material or shirasu balloon raw material, and fine powder as admixture raw material, pozzolanic admixture or pozzolanic mixed cement raw material, which can be recovered with high added value. Utilization is planned. In other words, the present invention is a fine aggregate, light aggregate, perlite, perlite raw material or shirasu balloon raw material, admixture raw material or pozzolanic effect by dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals such as ordinary shirasu It is a manufacturing method which can manufacture the mixed cement raw material which has the admixture which has or a pozzolanic effect.

According to the present invention, the yield of fine aggregate having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more can be increased as compared with the conventional sizing method, and a large amount of raw materials can be processed to obtain a desired particle size and density. As a result, it is possible to obtain various kinds of high-quality collected items.

It is the schematic of an example of the dry-type separation apparatus which enforces the dry-type separation method of this invention. It is the schematic which shows an example of the dry-type separation apparatus suitable for using for the dry-type separation method of this invention. It is a modification of FIG. It is a modification of FIG. It is an example of the combination of the modification of FIG. 3 and the modification of FIG. It is the schematic which shows an example of the dry-type separation apparatus used for the dry-type separation method of this invention. It is a schematic diagram explaining the principle of a specific gravity difference selection apparatus. It is a modification of FIG. It is the schematic which shows an example of the dry-type separation apparatus used for the dry-type separation method of this invention. It is a modification of FIG. It is the schematic which shows an example of the dry-type separation apparatus used for the dry-type separation method of this invention. It is the schematic which shows an example of the dry-type separation apparatus used for the dry-type separation method of this invention. It is the schematic which shows an example of the dry-type separation apparatus used for the dry-type separation method of this invention. 6 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of the specific gravity obtained in Example 5. It is a graph which shows the compressive strength of Examples 6-11 with a comparative example.

  Hereinafter, according to the drawings, embodiments of the dry separation method, dry separation apparatus, fine aggregate, and volcanic glass material of the volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention were used as a raw material ordinary shirasu which is a kind of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral. This will be explained with an example.

(Embodiment 1)
An embodiment of a method and apparatus for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a dry separation apparatus suitable for use in the dry separation method of the present invention.
The dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes an airflow classification apparatus 10. The airflow classifier 10 includes a cyclone classifier group 12 to 14 for collecting coarse particles, a cyclone classifier 15 for collecting fine granules, and a bag filter 16 for collecting fine powder connected to the cyclone classifier. Yes.

  In the dry separation apparatus shown in the figure, the ordinary shirasu is supplied from the belt feeder 3 to the sieve 4, and the sieve 4 removes gravel particles having a particle size of more than 5 mm as the top of the sieve, and the remainder to the airflow classifier 10 under the sieve. Supplied. In the illustrated example, the sieve 4 is used to remove gravel particles having a particle size of more than 5 mm. However, instead of the sieve 4, a machine for crushing the particle size of the ordinary shirasu as a raw material to 5 mm or less may be used. it can. Further, by crushing using a machine that crushes to 5 mm or less, there is an advantage that the inside of the pumice contained in ordinary shirasu is exposed, and the whiteness of the separated pumice product is improved. Small pumice and volcanic glass particles from which the pulverized pumice has been recovered have exposed glass surfaces inside the pumice particles, and are equivalent to pearlite of approximately 0.15 mm or more, which is produced by firing and expanding foam. The whiteness of shirasu balloons of approximately 0.15 mm or less is higher than that of pumice, foamed pumice originating from volcanic glass particles, pearlite equivalents, and shirasu balloon equivalents. is there.

  The airflow classifier 10 includes a plurality of cyclone crushers 11A, 11B, and 11C, a plurality of cyclone classifiers 12 to 15, and a bag filter 16, and includes pipe lines 17A to 17I that connect them.

  In the air flow classifier 10, the ordinary shirasu having a particle size of 5 mm or less classified as a sieve is first led to the cyclone crusher 11A, and then led from the cyclone crusher 11A to the cyclone crusher 11B via the pipe line 17A. The crusher 11B is guided to the cyclone crusher 11C via the pipe line 17B. At the inlet of the cyclone crusher 11A, suction force to the pipe lines 17A to 17I due to the exhaust blower 18 works, and a large amount of intake air G is drawn from the inlet of the square pipe installed on the outermost periphery of the cyclone crusher 11A. When the shirasu raw material is dropped together with a small amount of intake air from above, the aggregates are dispersed along the spiral downward flow of air and the inner wall of the pipe is dispersed. It is sent to the next cyclone crusher 11B in a tracing manner, and a large amount of raw material can be charged smoothly without clogging. The main energy required for transporting, drying, single particleizing, and separating the raw material is the suction power of the exhaust blower 18 as a power source, and a compact straight line of the path by combining the cyclone crusher and the cyclone classifier in three dimensions. It has a structure that maximizes the moving distance of the raw material particles beyond the distance. By increasing the contact between the raw material and air, airflow drying and single particle formation can be efficiently expressed.

  The cyclone crushers 11A to 11C are cyclones for dispersing the aggregation of ordinary shirasu grains by centrifugal force. The ordinary shirasu dispersed through the cyclone crushers 11A to 11C is guided to the cyclone classifier 12 through the pipe line 17C. In the cyclone crusher passing through 11A to 11C and the pipe connecting them, collision, friction, contact of the adhering particles and agglomerated particles to the inner wall of the cyclone crusher and the inner wall of the pipe, friction between the particles, friction, contact Forced to promote the separation and dissociation of fine particles and fine particles adhering to coarse particles, and the crushing of aggregates, and moisture adhering to particles and intervening moisture to the air by contact with air Move and dry the particles. Therefore, when the ordinary shirasu of the raw material contains approximately 4% or more of water, use the dry separation apparatus of this embodiment having the cyclone crushers 11A to 11C and drying with the cyclone crushers 11A to 11C. Is preferred.

  Due to the synergistic effect of peeling, crushing, and drying by the cyclone crushers 11A to 11C, single particles of coarse particles, fine particles, and fine powders are promoted. The cyclone classifier 12 connected to the cyclone crusher 11C classifies ordinary shirasu into coarse particles and other than coarse particles. In order to promote the formation of single particles of coarse particles, fine particles, and fine powders, a total of four or five cyclone crushers may be provided as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.

  The coarse particles are collected from the pipe connected to the lower part of the cyclone classifier 12 by the cyclone classifier 12. The coarse particles have a particle size of 0.30 to 5 mm, and are supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 described later via the belt feeder 5. If the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 has a larger sorting capacity than the amount of coarse particles recovered by the cyclone classifier 12, the coarse particles by the cyclone classifier 12 are temporarily stored and supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 in a batch manner. it can. In addition, the value 0.30-5 mm of the particle size of the coarse particle classified by the cyclone classifier 12 is an approximate value. Further, as will be described later, by adjusting the size of the opening 12a provided in the lower pipe line of the cyclone classifier 12 as an intake air adjusting means, the value of the particle size of the coarse particles or the recovery rate can be adjusted. .

The upper part of the cyclone classifier 12 has a conical shape, and is connected to the pipe line 17D at the top of the conical shape. Since the upper part of the cyclone classifier 12 has a conical shape, the flow of the swirling airflow rising upward from the cyclone classifier 12 is made smooth, and coarse particles having a predetermined particle diameter are placed below the cyclone classifier 12. The particles having a particle size smaller than the coarse particles are dropped and are transported to the pipe line 17D by riding on an air flow rising upward from the cyclone classifier 12.
The pipe line connected to the lower side of the cyclone classifier 12 has an opening 12a. This opening 12a is an intake air adjusting means, and by adjusting the size of the opening 12a, the flow rate of the rising air current in the pipe having the opening 12a can be adjusted. More specifically, by increasing the size of the opening 12a and increasing the flow rate of the ascending air flow from the lower side of the cyclone classifier 12 to the upper side, the ratio of those having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more in the coarse particles is improved. be able to. The opening 12a is, for example, a gap between flange joints, and the amount of intake air H taken in from the opening 12a is adjusted by adjusting the gap interval with washers having different thicknesses. It is possible to adjust the flow rate of the rising airflow from the lower side to the upper side.
The pipe connected to the lower part of the cyclone classifier 12 has two on-off valves 12b below the opening 12a. During the operation of the illustrated dry separation apparatus, coarse particles accumulate in the pipe line connected to the lower part of the cyclone classifier 12. In order to collect the coarse particles during the operation, the upper on-off valve 12b is first opened and the lower on-off valve 12b is closed, whereby the coarse particles are removed between the upper on-off valve 12b and the lower on-off valve 12b. Then, the upper on-off valve 12b is closed and the lower on-off valve 12b is opened, whereby coarse particles between the upper on-off valve 12b and the lower on-off valve 12b are collected. Here, a rotary valve having the same function can be used instead of the on-off valve 12b.

  In order to increase the yield of single particles, a cyclone classifier 13, a pipe line 17D, and a pipe line 17E are provided, and the overflow of the cyclone classifier 12 is transferred to the cyclone classifier 13 via the pipe line 17D. The first circulation path for guiding the underflow of the cyclone classifier 13 to the cyclone classifier 12 via the pipe line 17E connected to the pipe line 17C is formed. Further, in order to further increase the yield of the single particles, the cyclone classifier 14, the pipe line 17F, and the pipe line 17G are provided, and the overflow of the cyclone classifier 13 is classified through the pipe line 17F. A second circulation path is formed that leads to the machine 14 and guides the underflow of the cyclone classifier 14 to the cyclone classifier 13 via the pipe line 17G connected to the pipe line 17D. By circulating in the circulation path of these air currents, the impact, friction, contact of the adhering particles and agglomerated particles to the inner wall of the cyclone classifier and the inner wall of the pipe, and the collision between these particles, friction, contact work, The exfoliation of fine particles and fine particles adhering to coarse particles and the crushing of aggregates are promoted, and the moisture adhering to the particles and the intervening moisture move to the air by contact with the air, and the particles are dried. move on. These synergistic effects of peeling, crushing, and drying promote the formation of single particles of coarse particles, fine particles, and fine powders. Due to the above effects, even if the inside of the pipe and the cyclone classifier are airflows at normal temperature, the ordinary shirasu is dried with reduced moisture. If the intake air G introduced into the cyclone crusher 11A is dry air or hot air, the drying of shirasu and the formation of single particles are further promoted.

  In this embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the cyclone classifier 13 and the cyclone classifier 14 are provided to form two circulation paths, but the circulation paths are formed by three, four, or more numbers. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a total of three, four or more cyclone classifiers may be provided.

  The overflow of the cyclone classifier 14 is guided to the cyclone classifier 15 via the pipe line 17H. The cyclone classifier 15 classifies from the overflow of the cyclone classifier 14 into fine particles and fine powder other than fine particles. The fine particles have a particle size of 0.05 to 0.30 mm and are supplied to a sieve described later. In addition, the value 0.05 to 0.30 mm of the particle size of the fine particles classified by the cyclone classifier 15 is an approximate value. Further, by adjusting the size of the opening 15a provided in the lower pipe line of the cyclone classifier 15 as the intake air adjusting means, the value of the fine particle diameter or the recovery rate can be adjusted.

  The pipe line connected to the lower side of the cyclone classifier 15 is provided with an opening 15a. This opening 15a is an intake air adjusting means, and by adjusting the size of the opening 15a, it is possible to adjust the flow velocity of the updraft in the pipe having the opening 15a, and as a result, the fine particle size distribution or the average particle size. Alternatively, the recovery rate can be adjusted. The opening 15a is, for example, a gap of a flange joint, and the amount of intake air I taken in from the opening 15a is adjusted by adjusting the gap with a washer or the like having a different thickness from the lower side of the cyclone classifier 15. It is possible to adjust the flow rate of the upward airflow that goes upward.

  The pipe connected to the lower part of the cyclone classifier 15 has two on-off valves 15b below the opening 15a. During the operation of the illustrated dry separation apparatus, the fine particles accumulate in the pipe line connected to the lower part of the cyclone classifier 15. In order to collect the fine particles during the operation, the upper on-off valve 15b is first opened and the lower on-off valve 15b is closed, whereby the fine particles are placed between the upper on-off valve 15b and the lower on-off valve 15b. Then, the upper on-off valve 15b is closed and the lower on-off valve 15b is opened, thereby collecting fine particles between the upper on-off valve 15b and the lower on-off valve 15b. Here, a rotary valve having the same function can be used instead of the on-off valve 15b.

  The collected fine particles are sieved by a sieve 19. The mesh of the sieve is 300 μm, and fine particles having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more are separated on the sieve, and fine particles having a particle size of 0.3 mm or less are separated by the sieve. The fine particles classified as the underflow of the cyclone classifier 15 are mainly volcanic glass and contain pumice with a particle size of 0.3 mm or more. This pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more is useful as a lightweight aggregate. Therefore, the lightweight aggregate can be recovered by sieving with a sieve 19 with a particle size of 0.3 mm.

  In addition, the lower part of the sieve 19 is a volcanic glass material having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm. In particular, when the volcanic ejecta deposit mineral is shirasu as in the present embodiment, the volcanic glass material having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm is foamed by heating and is useful as a pearlite raw material or a shirasu balloon raw material. Moreover, it can use as an admixture by grind | pulverizing a volcanic glass material with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm. In the dry separation method of the present embodiment, fine powder having a particle size of 0.05 mm or less is classified as an overflow of the cyclone classifier 15, and therefore the sieve 19 contains almost no fine powder. Therefore, a volcanic glass material B2 having a particle size of approximately 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm and having a uniform particle size can be obtained under the sieve 19.

  As an overflow of the cyclone classifier 15, fine powder other than fine particles is guided to the bag filter 16 via the pipe line 17I. The bag filter 16 collects the fine powder C. Fine powder C has a particle size of 0.05 mm or less. In addition, the value of 0.05 mm or less of the particle size of the fine powder C is an approximate value. The fine powder C is mainly composed of volcanic glass and is useful as a mixed cement raw material having a pozzolanic effect, more specifically as an admixture or a raw material thereof. Here, the part of the bag filter 16 functions similarly even if it is replaced with an electric dust collector.

An exhaust blower 18 is connected to the bag filter 16, and exhaust air J is discharged from the air flow that has passed through the filter cloth of the bag filter 16 by the exhaust blower 18. The cyclone crushers 11A, 11B, and 11C and the cyclone classifiers 12 to 15 are driven by the exhaust blower 18, and the carrier airflow is discharged from the exhaust blower 18 to the outside.
According to the dry separation method and dry separation apparatus of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, ordinary shirasu can be separated into coarse particles A, fine particles B, and fine particles C, and fine particles B have a particle size of 0. 0. It can be separated into more than 3 mm (B1) and a particle size of 0.3 mm or less (B2). Since fine aggregates with a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more are contained in the coarse particles A, the yield of fine aggregates with a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more is increased by collecting the coarse particles A. be able to.

(Embodiment 2)
Another embodiment of the method and apparatus for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals is described.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of a dry separation apparatus suitable for use in the dry separation method of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the same members as those in FIG. Therefore, in this embodiment, the overlapping description about the same member as described in the first embodiment is omitted. Further, instead of the illustrated sieve 4, a machine for pulverizing the particle size of ordinary shirasu as a raw material to 5 mm or less may be used.

  The dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is different from the dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in that it has a rotary feeder 20 for supplying ordinary shirasu to the cyclone classifier groups 12 to 14 for collecting coarse particles. It is. When the water content of the ordinary shirasu of the raw material is less than about 4%, it is smoothly circulated in the cyclone classifier groups 12 to 14 for collecting coarse particles without drying through the cyclone crushers 11A to 11C. It can be made to dry in the process of circulating through the cyclone classifier groups 12 to 14 for collecting coarse particles. Therefore, the ordinary shirasu is supplied to the top of the cyclone classifier 13 by the rotary feeder 20 which can be supplied quantitatively.

  The rotary feeder 20 has a high hermeticity and can quantitatively supply the shirasu raw material without the need for conveyance by air. The ordinary shirasu thrown into the upper part of the cyclone classifier 13 from the rotary feeder 20 is sent to the cyclone classifier 14 along the airflow from the pipe line 17F. The fine powder made into single particles by centrifugal separation in the cyclone classifier 14 is conveyed to the upper pipe line 17H as an overflow. Fine particles and fine particles cannot be separated from each other, and the coarse particles and aggregates to which they are adhered are centrifuged by the cyclone classifier 13 through the pipe line 17D together with the pulverized single particles. In the cyclone classifier 13, the coarse particles dropped downward are brought into contact with the airflow introduced from the intake port of the cyclone crusher 11 </ b> A and flowing through the cyclone crushers 11 </ b> A to 11 </ b> C. 12 is sent. Thereafter, as described in the first embodiment, the fine aggregate is separated from the cyclone classifier 12 by repeatedly crushing and separating the ordinary shirasu in the pipe line by the circulation path system of the cyclone classifier.

  The supply of the ordinary shirasu is not limited to the rotary feeder 20 when the moisture of the ordinary shirasu of the raw material is approximately less than 4 percent. A part or all of the ordinary shirasu can be passed through the cyclone crusher groups 11A to 11C. Further, when the water content of the ordinary shirasu of the raw material is approximately 4% or more, the ordinary shirasu is not limited to passing through the cyclone classifier groups 12-14. A part of the ordinary shirasu can also be supplied from the rotary feeder 20.

  According to the dry separation method and the dry separation apparatus of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2, as with the dry separation method and the dry separation apparatus of the first embodiment shown in FIG. The fine particles can be further separated into particles having a particle size exceeding 0.3 mm and particles having a particle size of 0.3 mm or less.

  FIG. 3 is a modified example of FIG. 1, and is an example having a total of five cyclone crushers 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D and 11E. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, in the dry separation apparatus of the present invention, the number of cyclone crushers is not limited.

  FIG. 4 is a modification of FIG. 2, in which the cyclone classifiers include a total of five cyclone classifiers 12, 13, 14, 31, and 32. As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 4, in the dry separation apparatus of the present invention, the number of cyclone classifiers is not limited as long as it is two or more.

  FIG. 5 is an example of a combination of the modified example of FIG. 3 and the modified example of FIG. 4, and the cyclone crusher has a total of five cyclone crushers 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D and 11E, and cyclone classification. This is an example having a total of five cyclone classifiers 12, 13, 14, 31, and 32.

(Embodiment 3)
One embodiment of the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of a dry separation apparatus used in the dry separation method of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the same members as those described above with reference to the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted below.

  The dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 6 includes an air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21. The specific gravity difference sorting device 21 includes a perforated plate 21a and a vibration device 21g. A wind tunnel 21h is directed toward the perforated plate 21a from below while the perforated plate 21a inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction is vibrated by the vibration device 21g. It is an air table type specific gravity difference sorting device which blows air by a blower fan 21b. The principle of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 will be described with reference to the schematic diagram shown in FIG.

  The perforated plate 21a is inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction. Further, the upper surface of the porous plate 21a has irregularities with a saw-toothed cross section, and the height difference of the irregularities is approximately 3 to 10 mm. The perforated plate 21a has a large number of holes having a predetermined shape. The perforated plate 21a is capable of a unique oscillating motion with a unique longitudinal length of ± 3 to 7mm that can be retracted immediately after being sent out in the shape of a cycloid or a curve similar to it from the lower side to the upper side by a vibration device 21g by an eccentric crank. In addition, it is possible to apply a force that pushes the specific gravity caught in the saw-tooth-shaped recess upward. While the perforated plate 21a is vibrated by the vibration device 21g, the air can be blown by the blower fan 21b in the wind tunnel 21h toward the hole of the perforated plate 21a. When a mixture of a plurality of specific gravity powders is supplied to the upper surface of the perforated plate 21a, a heavy powder of specific gravity (indicated by black circles in FIG. 7), while being caught on the sawtooth-like irregularities on the upper surface of the perforated plate 21a, Due to the vibration of the perforated plate 21a, the perforated plate 21a moves toward the upper side. The powder having a light specific gravity is soared by the airflow through the holes of the perforated plate 21a. Among the powders having a light specific gravity, the powder having a relatively high specific gravity (indicated by white circles in FIG. 7) moves toward the lower side of the perforated plate 21a. Of the powder having a light specific gravity, the powder having a relatively low specific gravity (shown by the middle point in FIG. 7) is carried outside the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 in an air stream.

  Therefore, by supplying ordinary shirasu to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 and blowing air from below to the perforated plate 21a while vibrating the perforated plate 21a, the heavy specific gravity component is reduced to the upper side of the perforated plate 21a. The light specific gravity can be selected. Of the ordinary shirasu supplied to the perforated plate 21a, one having a small particle size (hereinafter referred to as “dust collection”) floats from the perforated plate 21a by blowing air. A part of the ordinary shirasu supplied to the porous plate 21a falls through the holes of the porous plate 21a.

For the perforated plate 21a, the working conditions are set so that ordinary shirasu having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more is selected as a specific gravity. The working conditions are set, for example, by the amount of raw material supplied per hour, the air flow rate, the inclination angle of the porous plate 21a, the size of the holes of the porous plate 21a, the shape of the holes, the number of holes, the uneven shape of the porous plate, the porous plate This is performed by adjusting at least one of the frequency of 21a, the amount of air sucked from the discharge port 21e, and the like.

The specific gravity part sorted by the perforated plate 21a is discharged from the outlet 21c of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 and collected. The collected specific gravity is 2.5 g / cm ³ or more in density. This specific gravity satisfies the density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more defined by “sand” of JIS A5308 and can be used as it is as a fine aggregate.

The perforated plate drop selected by the perforated plate 21a is discharged from the outlet 21f and collected. The recovered perforated plate fall can be made to have a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more depending on the raw materials and working conditions. This perforated plate fall can be used as a fine aggregate as it is when it satisfies the density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more defined by “sand” of JIS A5308.

When the perforated plate falling portion selected by the perforated plate 21a has a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or less, it cannot be used as a fine aggregate defined by “sand” of JIS A5308. In this case, as will be described later, the perforated plate drop can be further subjected to specific gravity separation by a specific gravity difference sorting device (see FIGS. 9 and 10).

  The light specific gravity sorted by the perforated plate 21 a is discharged from the discharge port 21 d of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21. The discharged light specific gravity is passed through a belt conveyor 6 and a belt feeder 9 to a sieve 23 described later.

  Dust collected from the perforated plate 21a is guided to the cyclone classifier 22 through the pipe line 7A connected to the discharge port 21e of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21. The cyclone classifier 22 classifies lighter fine powder from the collected dust as an overflow. The cyclone recovery portion for the underflow is recovered as a shirasu balloon raw material or an admixture raw material. Moreover, the fine powder for the overflow of the cyclone classifier 22 is guided to the bag filter 16 via the pipe line 7I and collected. The bug filter 16 has already been described.

  The sieve 23 has a predetermined mesh size. The mesh of the sieve 23 can be set to 300 μm, for example. A light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 is guided to the sieve 23 and divided into a sieve upper part and a sieve lower part.

  The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 includes pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more. This pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more is useful as a lightweight aggregate. Therefore, the lightweight aggregate can be recovered by sieving with a sieve 23 with a particle size of 0.3 mm.

  Moreover, the lower part of the sieve 23 is a volcanic glass material having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm. In particular, when the volcanic ejecta deposit mineral is shirasu as in the present embodiment, the volcanic glass material having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm is foamed by heating and is useful as a pearlite raw material or a shirasu balloon raw material. In the dry separation method of the present embodiment, fine powder having a particle size of 0.05 mm or less is preliminarily classified by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21, and therefore the sieve 23 of the sieve 23 contains almost no fine powder. Therefore, a shirasu balloon material having good foamability can be obtained under the sieve 23.

In utilizing the volcanic glass having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm in the light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21, it is not always necessary to pass through the sieve 23. FIG. 8 is a modification of FIG. The dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 8 does not have the sieve 23.
As shown in FIG. 8, the light specific gravity component is omitted if it meets the standard of JIS A5002 “Structural Lightweight Concrete Aggregate” even if it is not screened with a particle size of 0.3 mm. In addition, the lightweight aggregate can be collected in a simplified manner.

According to the dry separation method of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the ordinary shirasu can be separated into the heavy specific gravity D and the light specific gravity E into the fine powder F using the specific gravity difference sorting device 21. Further, the light specific gravity can be separated into, for example, a particle size exceeding 0.3 mm (E1) and a particle size of 0.3 mm or less (E2) by the sieve 23. Since the fine aggregate having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more is contained in the heavy specific gravity D, the yield of the fine aggregate having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more is recovered by collecting the heavy specific gravity D. Can be increased.

  Since the dry separation method and the dry separation apparatus of this embodiment do not have the cyclone crusher or the cyclone classifier used in the dry separation method of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the raw material by the cyclone crusher or the cyclone classifier Can not be expected to dry. However, before separating the gravel with the sieve 4, several cm is spread indoors where sunlight is inserted, without spending a great deal of cost by forced drying by a dryer and drying the moisture content to less than 2%. The raw material is dried to some extent by another economical means of drying, such as leaving it to stand for several days or more, turning it upside down at regular intervals, and drying, reducing the moisture content of the ordinary shirasu of the raw material to approximately 2% or less By doing so, the dry separation method and the dry separation apparatus of this embodiment can be efficiently implemented. Here, even when the moisture content of the ordinary shirasu of the raw material exceeds 2%, the dry separation method and the dry separation apparatus of the present embodiment can be carried out. The efficiency decreases, and the greater the water content of the raw shirasu, the lower their separation efficiency.

(Embodiment 4)
One embodiment of the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an example of a dry separation apparatus used in the dry separation method of the present invention. In FIG. 9, the same members as those described above with reference to the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted below.

  The dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 9 includes a total of two specific gravity difference sorting apparatuses, that is, a first stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A and a second stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B. The first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A can have the same structure and working conditions as the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 described in the third embodiment.

The coarse particles dropped through the holes of the perforated plate 21a of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A are controlled to have a particle size equal to or smaller than the hole diameter, but include a heavy specific gravity containing a heavy mineral having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more. In many cases, the main component is a volcanic glass component, a small amount of pumice, and fine powder, so that the density may be 2.5 g / cm ³ or less depending on raw materials and separation conditions.
In this case, in order to select heavy minerals having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more from the fall of the perforated plate, specific gravity is selected using a second air table.

The perforated plate fallen from the perforated plate 21a of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A is supplied to the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B via the belt feeder 8 and sorted. The perforated plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B sets working conditions so as to sort normal shirasu with a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more as a heavy specific gravity. However, the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B can have different working conditions from the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A. For example, the amount of raw material supplied per hour, the air flow rate, the inclination angle of the porous plate 21a, the size of the holes of the porous plate 21a, the shape of the holes, the number of holes, the shape of the irregularities of the porous plate, the frequency of the porous plate 21a, the exhaust At least one of the sucked air amount and the like related to the outlet 21e can be made different from the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the hole diameter of the first stage porous plate is 1 mm (1 mm mesh), whereas the hole diameter of the second stage porous plate is 105 μm (150 mesh).

  However, the first stage porous plate is not limited to a hole diameter of 1 mm, and a hole diameter of 2 to 0.5 mm can be selected. Further, the pore diameter of the second-stage perforated plate is not limited to 105 μm, and a pore diameter of 75 to 500 μm can be selected.

In the dry separation method of the present embodiment, the heavy specific gravity selected by the porous plate 21a of the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B is discharged from the discharge port 21c of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B and collected. The collected specific gravity is 2.5 g / cm ³ or more in density. This specific gravity satisfies the density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more defined by “sand” of JIS A5308 and can be used as it is as a fine aggregate.

  The light specific gravity selected by the porous plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B is discharged from the discharge port 21d of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B. The discharged light specific gravity is passed through a belt feeder 9 to a sieve 23 described later.

  Dust collected from the perforated plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B is guided to the cyclone classifier 22 via the pipe line 7B connected to the discharge port 21e of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B. The cyclone classifier 22 is as already described.

  The fine particles dropped through the holes of the perforated plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B are discharged from the discharge port 21f of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B and recovered as a shirasu balloon material or an admixture material. Depending on the working conditions such as the hole diameter of the porous plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B and the type of raw material, the fine particles that fall through the hole of the porous plate 21a and are discharged from the discharge port 21f are JIS. A5002 “Structural lightweight concrete aggregate” may be complied with, and in this case, the fine particles can be recovered as a lightweight aggregate.

Depending on the raw materials and working conditions, the perforated plate falling part discharged from the discharge port 21f through the hole of the porous plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B is recovered with a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more. May be. In this case, the perforated plate fall can be mixed with the fine aggregate D and used.

  The sieve 23 has a predetermined mesh size. The mesh of the sieve 23 can be set to 300 μm, for example. The light specific gravity of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and the light specific gravity of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B are guided to the sieve 23, and are divided into an upper screen and a lower screen.

  The light specific gravity of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and the light specific gravity of the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B include pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more. This pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more is useful as a lightweight aggregate. Therefore, the lightweight aggregate can be recovered by sieving with a sieve 23 with a particle size of 0.3 mm.

  Further, the screen below the sieve 23 is volcanic glass having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm. In particular, when the volcanic ejecta deposit mineral is shirasu as in the present embodiment, the volcanic glass having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm is foamed by heating and is useful as a pearlite raw material or a shirasu balloon raw material. In the dry separation method of the present embodiment, a large amount of fine powder having a particle size of approximately 0.05 mm or less is classified in advance by the discharge port 21e of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B. Therefore, the sieve bottom of the sieve 23 contains almost no fine powder. Therefore, a perlite raw material or a shirasu balloon raw material having good foamability can be obtained under the sieve 23.

In utilizing the volcanic glass having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm in the light specific gravity of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and the light specific gravity of the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B, it is not always necessary to pass through the sieve 23. . FIG. 10 is a modification of FIG. The dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 10 does not have the sieve 23.
As shown in FIG. 10, the light specific gravity component is omitted if it does not pass through the sieve 23 and has a particle size of 0.3 mm, and conforms to the standard of JIS A5002 “Structural Lightweight Concrete Aggregate”. In addition, the lightweight aggregate can be collected in a simplified manner.

The dry separation method of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 not only has the effects of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, but also the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and the second-stage separation apparatus. By using the specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B, the yield and sorting ability can be increased. Therefore, the ratio of the recovered heavy specific gravity D can be improved, and the yield of fine aggregate having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more can be further increased.

  The second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B is not necessarily limited to being a separate device. After performing a predetermined amount of dry separation using the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A, the perforated plate of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A is replaced and used instead of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B. You can also.

(Embodiment 5)
In the example shown in FIG. 9, the dry separation apparatus used in the dry separation method of the present embodiment is the dust collection surface floating from the porous plate 21a of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A and the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B. The dust collected from the perforated plate 21a is guided to one cyclone classifier 22 through the pipe lines 7A and 7B connected to the discharge port 21e, and the volcanic glass material fine particles E2 are separated and recovered. Glass material fine powder F is separated and recovered.

  The first-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A and the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B may be used by connecting two stages of the same performance as shown in FIG. At least one or more of the inclination angle of the plate 21a, the size of the hole of the porous plate 21a, the shape of the hole, the number of holes, the shape of the unevenness of the porous plate, the frequency of the porous plate 21a, the amount of air sucked from the discharge port 21e In many cases, the working conditions are changed. Therefore, in order to perform the specific gravity separation composed of the two-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus with higher accuracy, it is necessary to control the above-mentioned working conditions finely and with high accuracy.

  It has been found that the separation performance in the specific gravity difference sorting device is also affected by the amount of air drawn from the discharge port 21e. The suction air volume related to the pipe line 7A and the pipe line 7B related to the discharge port 21e in FIG. 9 is determined by the butterfly valve installed in the pipe depending on the performance and operating conditions of the cyclone classifier 22, the bag filter 16 and the exhaust blower 18. Attempting to adjust either of the suction air amounts according to 7A or 7B affects each other, and fine adjustment of the first and second suction air amounts may be difficult. Therefore, if the cyclone classifier, the bag filter, and the exhaust blower can be operated independently in the first stage and the second stage, high-precision specific gravity separation is possible. FIG. 10 shows a modification of this embodiment in which one set of cyclone classifier 22, bag filter 16 and exhaust blower 18 is added to the two-stage specific gravity separation device of FIG.

  In FIG. 10, the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device is 21D, and the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device is 21E. The light specific gravity of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21D and the light specific gravity of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E include volcanic glass having a particle size of 0.3 mm or less. In FIG. Not sifted by. Even if the sieve 23 is not screened with a particle size of 0.3 mm, if it conforms to the standard of JIS A5002 “Structural Lightweight Concrete Aggregate”, the sieve 23 is omitted and the modification shown in FIG. The lightweight aggregate E1 can be recovered with simplification. However, in FIG. 10, for example, the sieve 23 may be screened with a particle diameter of 0.3 mm.

  9 and 10, depending on the working conditions of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E, it is possible to make the discharge amount of the perforated plate dropping discharged from the discharge port 21f zero. In the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E, it is not necessary to sort the perforated plate falling portion, and the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E, the cyclone classifier 22B and the bag filter 16B connected to the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E, It is possible to simplify the selection by dividing the light specific gravity and dust collection (cyclone recovery and bag filter recovery) into a total of four parts.

(Embodiment 6)
One embodiment of the method for dry separation of volcanic product deposit mineral of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing an example of a dry separation apparatus used in the dry separation method of the present invention. In FIG. 11, the same members as those described above with reference to the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted below.

  The dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 11 includes a total of two specific gravity difference sorting apparatuses, ie, a first stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21D and a second stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21E. The first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21D can have the same structure and working conditions as the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 described in the third embodiment.

Depending on the raw materials and working conditions, fine aggregates having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more may be mixed in the light specific gravity discharged from the discharge port 21d of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21D. In this case, as in the present embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the light specific gravity selected by the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21D is supplied to the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E, and the specific gravity is The differential sorting device 21E can separate and collect a heavy specific gravity, a perforated plate fall, a light specific gravity, and a dust collection (a cyclone recovery, a bag filter recovery).

In FIG. 11, depending on the working conditions of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E, the discharge amount of the perforated plate dropping discharged from the discharge port 21f can be made zero. The specific gravity difference sorting device 21E does not need to sort the perforated plate drop, and the second specific gravity difference sorting device, the cyclone classifier 22B and the bag filter 16B connected to the second specific gravity difference sorting device, and the bag filter 16B are used. It can be simplified by selecting a total of four parts for dust (cyclone recovery and bag filter recovery).
Here, the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21E can have the same structure and working conditions as the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 described in the third embodiment.

(Embodiment 7)
An embodiment of the method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing an example of a dry separation apparatus used in the dry separation method of the present invention. In FIG. 12, the same members as those described above with reference to the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted below.

  The dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 12 includes a total of two specific gravity difference sorting apparatuses, ie, a first stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21D and a second stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21E. The first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21D can have the same structure and working conditions as the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 described in the third embodiment.

  Depending on the raw materials and working conditions, there may be a case where pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more is mixed in the cyclone recovery portion discharged from the discharge port 21e of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21D. In this case, as in the present embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the cyclone recovered portion recovered by the cyclone classifier out of the dust collected by the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21D is used as the second-stage. Supply to specific gravity difference sorting device 21E and separate into heavy specific gravity, perforated plate fall, light specific gravity, and dust collection (cyclone recovery, bag filter recovery) by second specific gravity difference selection device 21E It can be recovered.

  Further, depending on the working conditions of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E, it is possible to reduce the discharge amount of the perforated plate discharged from the discharge port 21f to zero. The cyclone classifier 22B and the bag filter 16B connected thereto can be simplified by selecting a total of four divisions of heavy specific gravity, light specific gravity, and dust collection (cyclone recovery and bag filter recovery).

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the dry separation apparatus used in the dry separation method of the present embodiment includes a first stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A and a second stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B. A total of two specific gravity difference sorting devices 21 are provided.
In the example shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 12, a total of two specific gravity difference sorting devices 21 including a first-stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting device 21D and a second stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting device 21E are provided. Yes.
However, the dry separation method and the dry separation apparatus of this embodiment are not limited to a total of two specific gravity difference sorting apparatuses, and may be a total of three or more. For example, when the density of the specific gravity D by the first-stage specific gravity difference sorter does not exceed 2.5 g / cm ³ or more, or the specific gravity D by the second-stage specific gravity difference sorter or the perforated plate drop in case a density of not become 2.5 g / cm ³ or more, etc. is preferable because it is possible to the density of the heavy specific gravity fraction D ensures 2.5 g / cm ³ specific gravity difference sorting device of the third stage . Also, when the raw material has a lot of water, or when the separation of heavy specific gravity and light specific gravity is insufficient in the first-stage or second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device, or the mineral composition of the raw material (crystalline and volcanic glass Even when the quality ratio is significantly different from that of the embodiment, the dry separation method can be carried out using a dry separation apparatus equipped with a third-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus or higher specific gravity difference sorting apparatus.

(Embodiment 8)
An embodiment of the dry separation method and dry separation apparatus for volcanic ejecta deposit minerals of the present invention will be described. FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing an example of a dry separation apparatus used in the dry separation method of the present invention. In FIG. 13, the same members as those described above with reference to the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted below.

  The dry separation apparatus shown in FIG. 13 includes an air classifier 10. The airflow classifier 10 includes a cyclone classifier group 12 to 14 for collecting coarse particles, a cyclone classifier 15 for collecting fine granules, and a bag filter 16 for collecting fine powder connected to the cyclone classifier. Yes. More specifically, the airflow classifier 10 includes a plurality of cyclone crushers 11A, 11B, and 11C, a plurality of cyclone classifiers 12 to 15, and a bag filter 16, and pipe lines 17A to 17I that connect them. ing. The dry separation apparatus further includes a total of two specific gravity difference sorting apparatuses 21 including a first stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A and a second stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B.

  The airflow classifying apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 13 is the same as the airflow classifying apparatus 10 described in the first and second embodiments. The number of cyclone crushers is not limited to the three illustrated, and the number of cyclone classifiers in the cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles is not limited to the three illustrated.

  The airflow classifier 10 has a rotary feeder 20, and according to the water content of the ordinary shirasu, whether the ordinary shirasu is supplied from the rotary feeder 20 to the cyclone classifier 13 or the ordinary shirasu is supplied to the cyclone crusher 11A. , Or both, it is possible to select whether to supply the normal shirasu. Ordinary shirasu has about 20% moisture when not dried. When the raw ordinary shirasu has about 10 to 20% of moisture, it is preferable to supply the ordinary shirasu to the cyclone crusher 11A, and to crush and dry the cyclone crusher 11A to 11C. When the ordinary shirasu of the raw material has about 10 to 4% of water, the cyclone crushers 11A to 11C can be used, or the rotary feeder 20 and the cyclone crushers 11A to 11C can be used in combination. When the ordinary shirasu of the raw material has a moisture content of less than 4%, the ordinary shirasu can be supplied from the rotary feeder 20 and supplied to the cyclone classifier 13.

  The gravel component having a particle size of more than 5 mm is removed as a sieve top by the sieve 4 shown in the figure, and the remainder is supplied to the airflow classifier 10 as a sieve bottom. Instead of the sieve 4, a machine for pulverizing the particle size of the ordinary shirasu as a raw material to 5 mm or less can also be used.

  The normal shirasu classification by the airflow classifier 10 is the same as the airflow classifier 10 described in the first and second embodiments, and the particle size is about 0.3 to 5 mm (average particle diameter 0.4 mm) by the cyclone classifier 12. Coarse particles are collected, fine particles having a particle size of about 0.05 to 0.3 mm (average particle size of about 0.1 mm) are collected by the cyclone classifier 15, and a particle size of 0.05 mm is collected by the bag filter 16. The following fine powder (average particle size of about 0.033 mm) is collected.

  The coarse particles are supplied to the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A. The first-stage specific gravity difference selection apparatus 21A and the second-stage specific gravity difference selection apparatus 21B have the same structure and operation as the first-stage specific gravity difference selection apparatus 21A and the second-stage specific gravity difference selection apparatus 21B described in the fourth embodiment. It can be a condition.

In the example shown in FIG. 13, the dry separation apparatus used in the dry separation method of the present embodiment includes a first stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A and a second stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B. A total of two specific gravity difference sorting devices 21 are provided. However, the dry separation method and the dry separation apparatus of this embodiment are not limited to a total of two specific gravity difference sorting apparatuses, and may be a total of three or more. For example, when the density of the specific gravity D by the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device does not reach 2.5 g / cm ³ or more, or the density of the specific gravity D by the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus is 2. In the case where it is not 5 g / cm ³ or more, etc., it is preferable because the density of the heavy specific gravity D can be ensured to 2.5 g / cm ³ by the ^third specific gravity difference sorting device. Also, when the raw material has a lot of water, or when the separation of heavy specific gravity and light specific gravity is insufficient in the first-stage or second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device, or the mineral composition of the raw material (crystalline and volcanic glass Even when the quality ratio is significantly different from that of the embodiment, the dry separation method can be carried out using a dry separation apparatus equipped with a third-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus or higher specific gravity difference sorting apparatus.

The specific gravity portion selected by the perforated plate 21a of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A is discharged from the discharge port 21c of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and collected. The recovered specific gravity D is a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more. This specific gravity D satisfies the density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more defined by “sand” of JIS A5308 and can be used as it is as a fine aggregate.

  The light specific gravity selected by the porous plate 21a of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A is discharged from the discharge port 21d of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A. The discharged light specific gravity is passed through a belt conveyor 6 and a belt feeder 9 to a sieve 23 described later.

  Dust collected from the perforated plate 21a of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21A is guided to the cyclone classifier 22 through a pipe line 7A connected to the discharge port 21e of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A. The cyclone classifier 22 classifies lighter fine powder from the collected dust as an overflow. The cyclone recovery portion for the underflow is recovered as a shirasu balloon raw material or an admixture raw material E2. Further, the fine powder for the overflow of the cyclone classifier 22 is guided to the bag filter 16 through the pipe line 7C connected to the pipe line 17I and collected. The bug filter 16 has already been described.

The ordinary shirasu dropped from the perforated plate 21a of the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A is supplied to the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B for sorting.
The specific gravity D selected by the perforated plate 21a of the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B is discharged from the discharge port 21c of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B and collected. The recovered specific gravity D is a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more. This specific gravity satisfies the density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more defined by “sand” of JIS A5308 and can be used as it is as a fine aggregate.

  The light specific gravity selected by the porous plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B is discharged from the discharge port 21d of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B. The discharged light specific gravity is passed through a belt feeder 9 to a sieve 23 described later.

  Dust collected from the perforated plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B is guided to the cyclone classifier 22 via the pipe line 7B connected to the discharge port 21e of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B. The cyclone classifier 22 is as already described. The fine powder for the overflow of the cyclone classifier 22 is guided to the bag filter 16 through the pipe line 7C connected to the pipe line 17I, and the fine powder F is collected by the bag filter 16. The fine powder F is mainly composed of volcanic glass and is useful as a mixed cement raw material having a pozzolanic effect, more specifically as an admixture or a raw material thereof.

  The fine particles dropped through the holes of the perforated plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B are discharged from the discharge port 21f of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B and recovered as a shirasu balloon material or an admixture material E2. Depending on the hole diameter of the porous plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B, the fine particles that fall through the hole of the porous plate 21a and are discharged from the discharge port 21f are JIS A5002 “Structural Lightweight Concrete Aggregate”. In some cases, the fine particles can be collected as a lightweight aggregate.

  The sieve 23 has a predetermined mesh size. The mesh of the sieve 23 can be set to 300 μm, for example. In the sieve 23, fine particles of the underflow of the cyclone classifier 15 of the airflow classifier 10, the light specific gravity of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A, and the light specific gravity of the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B And divide into upper and lower sieves.

  The fine particles classified as the underflow component of the cyclone classifier 15 of the airflow classifier 10 are mainly volcanic glass and contain pumice with a particle size of 0.3 mm or more. This pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more is useful as the lightweight aggregate E1. The light specific gravity of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and the light specific gravity of the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B also include pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more. This pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more is useful as the lightweight aggregate E1. Therefore, the lightweight aggregate E1 can be recovered by sieving with a sieve 23 with a particle size of 0.3 mm.

  Further, the screen below the sieve 23 is volcanic glass having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm. In particular, when the volcanic ejecta deposit mineral is shirasu as in the present embodiment, the volcanic glass having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm is foamed by heating, and is useful as a pearlite raw material, a shirasu balloon raw material, or an admixture raw material E2. It is. In the dry separation method of the present embodiment, fine powder having a particle size of 0.05 mm or less is preliminarily classified by the airflow classifier 10, and therefore the sieve 23 under the sieve contains almost no fine powder. Therefore, a shirasu balloon raw material E2 having good foamability can be obtained under the sieve 23. The pearlite raw material or shirasu balloon raw material E2 can be further pulverized into fine powder F and used as an admixture.

In the method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present embodiment, ordinary shirasu is classified into coarse particles, fine particles, and fine particles by the airflow classifier 10, and then the coarse particles are classified into the first specific gravity of the air table type. Sorting into heavy specific gravity component, light specific gravity component, perforated plate falling component and dust collecting component by the differential sorting device 21A, then the second specific gravity differential sorting device 21B, the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, and the porous Sorting into plate fall and dust collection and sieving light specific gravity into fine particles, ordinary shirasu is divided into heavy specific gravity D, sieve top E1, sieve bottom E2, and fine powder F 4 Can be separated. The heavy specific gravity D is mainly composed of a crystalline mineral and hardly contains volcanic glass. Accordingly, the specific gravity D has a high density and exceeds 2.5 g / cm ³ . Further, the upper sieve E1, the lower sieve E2, and the fine powder F are mainly made of volcanic glass and contain almost no crystal mineral. Therefore, the crystal mineral that can become the heavy specific gravity is hardly mixed in the upper sieve E1, the lower sieve E2, and the fine powder F. Therefore, according to the dry separation method of the present embodiment, the yield of fine aggregate having a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more can be increased. In addition, the heavy specific gravity has a small content of dust collection having a particle size of 0.150 mm or less, and satisfies the requirement of a wide particle size distribution of 0.15 mm to 5 mm defined in “sand” of JIS A5308. Furthermore, since the specific gravity content hardly contains porous particles such as pumice stone having a high water absorption rate, the water absorption rate satisfies the standard of “sand” of JIS A5308, which is required as a fine aggregate.

  Further, according to the dry separation method of the present embodiment, the specific gravity D is a fine aggregate, the sieve upper E1 is a lightweight aggregate of volcanic glass, and the sieve E2 is a pearlite raw material of the volcanic glass or As a shirasu balloon material, fine powder F can be effectively used as an admixture of volcanic glass or a mixed cement material having a pozzolanic effect, in other words, there is no unnecessary residue.

  According to the dry separation method of this embodiment, before sorting by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21, it is classified into coarse particles, fine particles, and fine powder that have been surface-dried in advance by the airflow classifying device 10. The coarse particles supplied to the differential sorting device 21 contain almost no fine powder that causes clogging of the perforated plate 21a. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of operational troubles due to clogging. Further, the specific gravity difference sorting by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 is easier to sort as the particle size distribution width of the powder to be sorted is narrower. However, according to the dry separation method of the present embodiment, classification is performed in advance by the air flow classifying device 10. Since only coarse particles are sorted by specific gravity difference sorting by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21, the sorting ability of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 can be enhanced.

  In the prior art, regarding the sizing of ordinary shirasu, the “concrete construction manual (draft) using shirasu as fine aggregate” issued in 2006 also describes the reason why shirasu sizing is difficult in practice. Proposing a method of using ordinary shirasu that does not remove dust collected with a particle size of 0.15 mm or less, it has been common knowledge that sizing of ordinary shirasu is unprofitable. According to the invention, it was possible to produce many kinds of high-value-added sized products at low cost at the same time.

(Fine aggregate)
The coarse particles A or the heavy specific gravity D obtained by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention has a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more and can be used for fine aggregates.
In addition, the coarse grain A or heavy specific gravity D obtained by the method of the present invention is different from the conventionally known river sand and sea sand as fine aggregates. The coarse grain A or heavy specific gravity D is aquatic organisms. There is no trace. The fine aggregate (sand) obtained by the present invention has no traces of aquatic plants or plankton, microorganisms, shellfish, amphibians, crustaceans, fish eggs, scales, etc., and the ecology of aquatic organisms and plants. There is an advantage that the environmental load is small without destroying the environment of the system. Shirasu is a kind of mountain sand, but pyroclastic flow deposits do not move with natural water, and have been deposited on land about 30,000 years ago when the Ito pyroclastic flow occurred and have been subjected to water drought once. There is an enormous amount of 75 billion cubic meters without being disturbed. On the other hand, the river sand and sea sand of Kagoshima were drowned by the action of water on the Shirasu Plateau and deposited on the riverbed or seabed centering on heavy mineral particles such as magnetite, feldspar, quartz, amphibole and pyroxene in Shirasu. The clay and fine powder are washed away and diffused into the environment. Thus, the origins are the same, but the impact on the environmental load of the ecosystem is different. If it is determined biologically or botanically whether there is such a trace, the difference is clear.

In addition, conventionally known sea sand may contain a little pumice and contains salt, whereas the fine aggregate (sand) obtained by the method of the present invention is approximately 30,000 years ago. It is a salt-free sand that does not contain salt, which is a specific gravity obtained by dry separation of pyroclastic flow deposits deposited in, and the difference from sea sand is clear even in the presence or absence of salt.
Furthermore, the difference from the conventionally known river sand is clear whether there is a trace of freshwater organisms or freshwater plants, and whether or not it is “sand” of the present invention.
Not only fine aggregates obtained by the method of the present invention but also pumice, volcanic glass, and fine powder can be distinguished by the same difference.

(Volcanic glass material)
In addition, the remaining volcanic glass material obtained by separating fine aggregates by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention exceeds 0.3 mm by particle size by sieving and dust collection, 0.05 mm to 0 mm. It can be separated into 3 types of less than 0.05 mm. Of these, those exceeding 0.3 mm can be used as lightweight aggregates, and those with 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm can be used as pearlite raw materials or shirasu balloon raw materials or further crushed as admixtures, and those with less than 0.05 mm Can be used as an admixture or as an ultrafine admixture after further pulverization. An admixture obtained by further pulverizing 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm or an admixture obtained by further pulverizing less than 0.05 mm has a more pozzolanic effect. An apparatus for crushing volcanic glass materials having these particle diameters can be exemplified by a vibration mill. In addition to the vibration mill, various mills such as a roller mill and a JET mill can also be used.
Among the volcanic glass materials, those having a particle size of less than 0.05 mm collected by a fine powder collecting bag filter have a density of 2.30 g / cm ³ or more and an ignition loss of 3.5% or less. .

  Further, the admixture described above, that is, those having a particle size of less than 0.05 mm obtained by separating the volcanic ejecta deposit mineral by the dry separation method according to the present invention, and the particle size of 0.05 mm to 0 obtained by separation. .3mm pulverized ones, those obtained by further pulverizing those with a particle size of less than 0.05mm, and mixed cements mixed with Portland cement are more resistant to seawater and hot springs than ordinary cement. Excellent in chemical properties, chemical resistance, denseness, and long-term durability, and has a pozzolanic effect. When mixed cement is manufactured by pulverizing a mixture of volcanic glass material and Portland cement, two types of particles are uniformly mixed and dried, and further reacted by the effect of mechanochemical reaction and pulverization. It becomes a mixed cement that exhibits higher strength and higher strength. For use in mixed cement, pulverize when volcanic glass material with a particle size of 0.05 mm to 0.3 mm is pulverized, or when volcanic glass material with a particle size of less than 0.05 mm is further pulverized to make it ultrafine. The apparatus can be exemplified by a vibration mill. In addition to the vibration mill, various mills such as a roller mill and a JET mill can also be used.

  The remaining volcanic glass material obtained by separating the fine aggregate by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention, and the separated volcanic glass material having a particle size of 0.05 mm or more is directly or pulverized. After that, it can be fired and expanded to obtain pearlite. The volcanic glass material having a particle size of 0.05 mm or more is a portion obtained by removing the fine powder having a particle size of 0.05 mm or less collected by the bag filter 16 from the volcanic glass material. Specifically, the volcanic glass material is collected by the airflow classifier 10. And the light specific gravity selected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21. Such perlite raw material is not limited to the above-described sieve E2 of the sieve 23, and “pumice” of the sieve upper E1 can be used separately from the sieve E2 or together with the sieve E2. By baking and foaming the “pumice” on the screen E1, the pumice “perlite” corresponding to JIS A5007, which is lighter than the lightweight aggregate, is obtained.

  The volcanic glass material having a particle size of 0.05 mm or more may be screened on the top and bottom of the screen by the screen 23, or may not be screened. Moreover, you may grind | pulverize the volcanic glass material with a particle size of 0.05 mm or more as needed. Further, 0.105 mm or more and less than 0.105 mm may be selected by a screening means such as sieving so that pearlite is obtained using a material of 0.105 mm or more as a raw material.

The separated volcanic glass material having a particle diameter of 0.05 mm or more is directly or pulverized and then expanded by firing to obtain pearlite. Volcanic glass material expands and foams when fired in a flame or in a high-temperature atmosphere, and the average particle size increases by about 1.5 times. For example, a volcanic glass material of 0.105 mm expands by firing to a particle size of about 0.15 mm. The pearlite obtained by firing is pearlite satisfying the particle size specified in JIS A5007.
For the firing when obtaining pearlite, a stationary vertical furnace or a horizontal rotary furnace (rotary kiln) can be used.

  Of the remaining volcanic glass material obtained by separating fine aggregates by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of the present invention, those having a particle size of 0.05 mm or more are directly or after being pulverized and then expanded by firing. The pearlite obtained in this way is a high-purity volcanic glass from which the crystalline material (magnetite, feldspar, quartz, pyroxene, amphibole, etc.) of the specific gravity that does not foam is removed, so it becomes a wasteful crystalline material that becomes a defective product. Eliminating the loss of energy during firing, efficient use of fossil fuels can produce lean pearlite. Further, since the mixing of defective products is minimal, the quality as a “pearlite” product equivalent to JIS A5007 is improved. Further, for example, a stationary vertical furnace that is easy to move, has a simple structure, and is low in cost can be used as a firing furnace. From the flame of the burner directly below the stationary vertical furnace, high purity volcanic glass can be used. A pearlite equivalent to JIS A5007 can be produced by a simple method in which a material (0.105 mm or more + pumice) is poured directly. In addition, defective materials such as heavy specific gravity (crystalline minerals) and unfoamed (low-foaming) volcanic glass raw materials, which are slightly contained, are separated by gravity under the direct fire burner of the firing furnace. The combined effect with the vertical furnace that improves the quality of the Shirasu pearlite product collected in the cyclone along with the gas can be more demonstrated.

  EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples.

Example 1
Using the apparatus and method of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1, as an ordinary shirasu that is a raw material volcanic eruption deposit mineral, the Kushirara shirasu (moisture content of 4.6%) produced in Kushira-cho, Kanoya City, Kagoshima Prefecture is the target. What was selected with a sieve 4 having an opening of 5 mm was used. A density of 2.37 g / cm ³ was obtained under a 5 mm sieve of the Kushira Shirasu, which is a normal Shirasu.

  When the Kushira Shirasu selected by the sieve 4 was introduced from the introduction port of the cyclone crusher 11A at an introduction speed of 27.3 kg / h, the suction force to the pipe lines 17A to 17I caused by the exhaust blower 18 worked at the introduction port. It was possible to input a large amount of raw materials smoothly without clogging.

Ordinary Shirasu recovered the coarse particles A with the cyclone classifier 12 through the cyclone crushers 11A to 11C. The average particle diameter of the coarse particles A was 1.52 mm, the water content was 3.5%, and the specific gravity was 2.50. The mass percentage of the coarse particles A having a density of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 12.0%. This means that the yield of coarse particles having a density of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more that can be used for the fine aggregate was 12.0%.

Except for the coarse particles, they were sent to the cyclone classifier 15 through the cyclone classifiers 13 and 14 and the pipe lines 17D to 17H. In the cyclone classifier 15, fine particles were collected. The fine particles were sieved through a sieve 19 having a mesh size of 300 μm. Here, the gap between the flange joints of the opening 12a was 1.8 mm, and the gap between the flange joints of the opening 15a was 0 mm. Of the fine granules, the portion B1 on the sieve had a water content of 2.3% and a density of 1.54 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion B1 on the sieve relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 8.4%.

Further, the portion B2 under the sieve had an average particle size of 0.16 mm, a moisture content of 1.2%, and a specific gravity of 2.40 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion B2 under the sieve with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 74.4%.

  Fine powder other than the fine particles was conveyed to the airflow, and fine powder C was collected in the bag filter 16 via the pipe line 17I. The carrier airflow that passed through the filter cloth of the bag filter 16 was discharged by the exhaust blower 18.

The average particle size of the fine powder C was 0.0033 mm, the water content was 3.0%, and the density was 2.48 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the fine powder C relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separation apparatus was 2.4%.

  In addition, even if the mass percentage of the coarse particles A, the mass percentage of the portion B1 on the sieve, the mass percentage of the portion B2 below the sieve, and the mass percentage of the fine powder C are not 100%, This is because 2.8% remained.

(Example 2)
Using the apparatus and method of Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 2, the ordinary shirasu which is the raw material volcanic deposit sedimentary mineral is the dried shirasu shirasu produced in Kushira-cho, Kanoya City, Kagoshima Prefecture (water content 2. 3%) was selected with a sieve 4 having an opening of 5 mm. A density of 2.37 g / cm ³ was obtained under a 5 mm sieve of the Kushira Shirasu, which is a normal Shirasu.

  The Kushira Shirasu selected by the sieve 4 was fed from the rotary feeder 20 to the cyclone classifier 13 at a charging speed of 20.4 kg / h. This ordinary shirasu was low in water content, so it could be classified with a cyclone classifier without going through a cyclone crusher group. Here, the gap between the flange joints of the opening 12a was 1.8 mm, and the gap between the flange joints of the opening 15a was 0 mm.

Ordinary Shirasu recovered the coarse particles A with a cyclone classifier 12. The density of the coarse particles A was 2.51 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the coarse particles A having a density of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separation apparatus was 11.0%. This means that the yield of coarse particles having a density of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more that can be used for the fine aggregate was 11.0%.

Except for the coarse particles, they were sent to the cyclone classifier 15 through the cyclone classifiers 13 and 14 and the pipe lines 17D to 17H. In the cyclone classifier 15, fine particles were collected. The fine particles were sieved through a sieve 19 having a mesh size of 300 μm. Of the fine granules, the portion B1 on the sieve had a water content of 1.7% and a density of 1.53 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion B1 on the sieve relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 8.6%.

In addition, the portion B2 under the sieve had an average particle size of 0.173 mm, a water content of 0.8%, and a density of 2.40 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion B2 under the sieve with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 75.1%.

  Fine powder other than the fine particles was conveyed to the airflow, and fine powder C was collected in the bag filter 16 via the pipe line 17I. The carrier airflow that passed through the filter cloth of the bag filter 16 was discharged by the exhaust blower 18.

The average particle size of the fine powder C was 0.0036 mm, the water content was 1.8%, and the density was 2.47 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the fine powder C relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 3.0%.

  In addition, even if the mass percentage of the coarse particles A, the mass percentage of the portion B1 on the sieve, the mass percentage of the portion B2 below the sieve, and the mass percentage of the fine powder C are not 100%, This is because 2.3% remained.

Example 3
Using the apparatus and method of Embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 6, ordinary shirasu which is a raw material volcanic eruption deposit mineral was obtained by drying Kushirara shirasu produced in Kushira-cho, Kanoya City, Kagoshima Prefecture at 105 ° C. for 24 hours. What selected (water content 0.1%) with the sieve 4 with an opening of 5 mm was used.

This ordinary shirasu was sorted into a heavy specific gravity component, a light specific gravity component, a dust collection component, and a perforated plate falling component by an air table type specific gravity difference sorting device 21. The working conditions are: normal shirasu supply speed is 240 kg / h, perforated plate hole diameter is 1 mm (1 mm mesh), vibration amplitude by vibration device is ± 5 mm, vibration speed of eccentric crank to be vibrated is 495 rpm, flow rate of blower fan Was 37 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the perforated plate was 12.5 °. Further, the upper surface of the porous plate 21a has unevenness with a sawtooth cross section, and the height difference of the unevenness is 5 mm.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 was discharged from the discharge port 21c and recovered as it was. The mass percentage of the heavy specific gravity having a density of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separation apparatus was 0.6%. Moreover, the part which fell from the perforated panel 21a was discharged | emitted from the discharge port 21f, and was added to the weight specific gravity. For the amount dropped from the perforated plate 21a, the mass percentage with a density of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separation apparatus was 19.3%. The mass percentage of the specific gravity D, which is obtained by combining the specific gravity of the perforated plate with this specific gravity, with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being put into the dry separation apparatus, was 19.9%. This means that the yield of coarse particles having a density of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more that can be used for the fine aggregate was 19.9%.

  The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 was discharged from the discharge port 21d. The mass percentage of the light specific gravity relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 35.8%. The light specific gravity was passed through the sieve 23 and sieved into the upper E1 and the lower E2. The screen mesh was 300 μm.

Part E1 on the sieve had a density of 1.43 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion E1 on the sieve relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 7.6%.
Moreover, the density of the part E2 under the sieve was 2.33 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion E2 under the sieve with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 28.2%.

The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21 was discharged from the discharge port 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22 through the pipe line 7A, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16 through the pipe line 7I to collect the fine powder F. The cyclone recovered portion of the underflow portion of the cyclone classifier 22 was added to E2 under the sieve. Fine powder F had a density of 2.41 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the fine powder F with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separation apparatus was 40.9%.

  In addition, even if the mass percentage of the specific gravity D, the mass percentage of the part E1 on the sieve, the mass percentage of the part E2 below the sieve, and the mass percentage of the fine powder F are not 100%, This is because 3.4% remained in the product.

Example 4
Using the apparatus and method of Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 9, ordinary shirasu which is a raw material volcanic eruption deposit mineral was obtained by drying Kushirara shirasu produced in Kushira-cho, Kanoya City, Kagoshima Prefecture at 105 ° C. for 24 hours. What selected (water content 0.1%) with the sieve 4 with an opening of 5 mm was used.

This ordinary shirasu was sorted into a heavy specific gravity component, a light specific gravity component, a dust collection component, and a perforated plate falling component by the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A. The working conditions are a normal shirasu supply speed of 355 kg / h, a perforated plate hole diameter of 1 mm (1 mm mesh), a vibration amplitude of ± 5 mm by the vibration device, a rotating eccentric crank rotating speed of 505 rpm, and a flow rate of the blower fan Was 36 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the perforated plate was 13.5 °. Further, the upper surface of the porous plate 21a has unevenness with a sawtooth cross section, and the height difference of the unevenness is 7 mm.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was discharged from the discharge port 21c and recovered as it was. The mass percentage of the heavy specific gravity with a density of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separation apparatus was 6.1%.

  The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was discharged from the discharge port 21d. The mass percentage of the light specific gravity relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 22.9%. The light specific gravity portion was passed through the belt conveyor 6 and the belt feeder 9 and passed through the sieve 23 to be sieved into an upper screen E1 and a lower screen E2. The screen mesh was 300 μm.

The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was discharged from the discharge port 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22 through the pipe line 7A, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16 through the pipe line 7I to collect the fine powder F. The underflow portion of the cyclone classifier 22 was added to the bottom E2. Fine powder F had a density of 2.40 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the fine powder F with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 17.9%.
The perforated plate drop of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was discharged from the discharge port 21f. The mass percentage of the perforated plate falling with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 43.1%.
In addition, 10.0% remained in the specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A with respect to the coarse particles supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A.

The amount dropped from the perforated plate 21a is supplied to the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B via the belt feeder 8, and the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B uses the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, Dust collection and perforated plate fall were selected. Working conditions are: feed rate of raw material (perforated plate drop) is 153kg / h, perforated plate is 105μm (150 mesh) metal wire woven net, vibration amplitude by vibration device is ± 5mm, eccentric to vibrate The rotation speed of the crank was 493 rpm, the flow rate of the blower fan was 28 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the perforated plate was 9 °.

The specific gravity portion of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was discharged from the discharge port 21c and added to the specific gravity portion D sorted by the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A. The mass percentage of the specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B with respect to 100% of the perforated plate drop supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was 54.8%.
The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was discharged from the discharge port 21d. The mass percentage of the light specific gravity with respect to 100% of the perforated plate drop supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was 11.4%.
This light specific gravity was discharged from the discharge port 21d, passed through the belt feeder 9 and passed through the sieve 23 together with the first light specific gravity, and was screened into the upper screen E1 and the lower screen E2. The screen mesh was 300 μm.
The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was discharged from the discharge port 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22 via the pipe line 7B, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16 via the pipe line 7I to collect the fine powder F. The mass percentage of the fine powder F with respect to 100% of the perforated plate drop supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was 15.6%.
The underflow portion of the cyclone classifier 22 was added to the bottom E2. The perforated plate falling part of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was discharged from the discharge port 21f and added to the sieve bottom E2. The mass percentage of the perforated plate fall of the specific gravity difference sorter 21B to the perforated plate fallout 100% supplied to the specific gravity difference sorter 21B was 0.3%.
In addition, 17.9% remained in the specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B with respect to 100% of the perforated plate falling part supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B.

The density of the specific gravity D, which is the sum of the specific gravity of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and the specific gravity of the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B, was 2.53 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the specific gravity D of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separation apparatus was 29.8%. This means that the yield of a heavy specific gravity of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more that can be used for the fine aggregate was 29.8%.

Part E1 on the sieve had a density of 1.44 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion E1 on the sieve with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 8.8%.
Moreover, the density of the part E2 under the sieve was 2.29 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion E2 under the sieve with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 19.0%.

Fine powder F had a density of 2.40 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the fine powder F with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separation apparatus was 24.7%.
In addition, even if the mass percentage of the specific gravity D, the mass percentage of the part E1 on the sieve, the mass percentage of the part E2 below the sieve, and the mass percentage of the fine powder F are not 100%, This is because 17.7% remained.

(Example 5)
Using the apparatus and method of Embodiment 8 shown in FIG. 13, the ordinary shirasu that is a raw material volcanic ejecta deposit mineral is Kushirara shirasu (moisture content of 4.7%) produced in Kushira-cho, Kanoya City, Kagoshima Prefecture. What was selected with a sieve 4 having an opening of 5 mm was used. A density of 2.37 g / cm ³ was obtained under a 5 mm sieve of the Kushira Shirasu, which is a normal Shirasu.

  When a portion of the Kushira Shirasu selected by the sieve 4 was introduced at a charging speed of 65.0 kg / h from the inlet of the cyclone crusher 11A, suction to the pipes 17A to 17I caused by the exhaust blower 18 was made at the inlet. The force worked, and it was possible to input a large amount of raw materials without clogging. Here, the gap between the flange joints of the opening 12a was 0 mm, and the gap between the flange joints of the opening 15a was 0.8 mm.

Ordinary Shirasu recovered the coarse particles A with a cyclone classifier 12. Except for the coarse particles, they were sent to the cyclone classifier 15 through the cyclone classifiers 12, 13, and 14 and the pipe lines 17D to 17H. In the cyclone classifier 15, fine particles B were collected. The fine powder other than the fine particles B was conveyed to the air stream, and the fine powder C was collected in the bag filter 16 via the pipe line 17I. The carrier airflow that passed through the filter cloth of the bag filter 16 was discharged by the exhaust blower 18.
The recovery rate of coarse particles A was 71.2%, the recovery rate of fine particles B was 18.9%, and the recovery rate of fine powder C was 9.9%. The fine particles B are sorted through the belt feeder 9 and combined with the light specific gravity in the two-stage air table type specific gravity difference sorting apparatus with a 300 μm sieve 23. Of the fine particles B, only 18.9% of the sieves are sorted by the sieve 23. The recovery rate of pumice with a particle size of 0.3 mm or more is 2.5%, and the volcanic glass with a particle size of 0.3 mm or less is used. The recovery rate was 16.4%.

Coarse particles A were classified into a heavy specific gravity component, a light specific gravity component, a dust collection component, and a perforated plate falling component using a first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A. The working conditions are as follows: the supply speed of coarse particles A is 300 kg / h, the hole diameter of the perforated plate is 1 mm (1 mm mesh), the amplitude of vibration by the vibration device is ± 5 mm, the rotational speed of the eccentric crank to vibrate is 505 rpm, and the flow rate of the blower fan Was 28 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the perforated plate was 13 °. Further, the upper surface of the porous plate 21a has unevenness with a sawtooth cross section, and the height difference of the unevenness is 7 mm.

  The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was discharged from the discharge port 21c and recovered as it was. The mass percentage of the specific gravity relative to the coarse particles supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was 10.4%.

  The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was discharged from the discharge port 21d. The mass percentage of the light specific gravity relative to the coarse particles supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was 18.4%. The light specific gravity portion was passed through the belt conveyor 6 and the belt feeder 9 and passed through the sieve 23 to be sieved into an upper screen E1 and a lower screen E2. The screen mesh was 300 μm.

The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was discharged from the discharge port 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22 via the pipe line 7A, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16 via the pipe line 7C to collect the fine powder F. The underflow portion of the cyclone classifier 22 was added to the bottom E2. Fine powder F had a density of 2.46 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the fine powder F with respect to the coarse particles A supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A was 14.0%.

The perforated plate drop of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was discharged from the discharge port 21f. The mass percentage of the perforated plate falling relative to the coarse particles A supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A was 46.4%.
Note that 10.8% of the coarse particles A supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A remained in the specific gravity difference sorting device 21A.

The amount dropped from the perforated plate 21a is supplied to the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B via the belt feeder 8, and the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B uses the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, Dust collection and perforated plate fall were selected. The working conditions are as follows: the feed rate of the raw material (for the perforated plate) is 160 kg / h, the perforated plate has a metal wire woven net with a pore diameter of 105 μm (150 mesh), the vibration amplitude by the vibration device is ± 5 mm, and the vibration is eccentric. The rotation speed of the crank was 493 rpm, the flow rate of the blower fan was 28 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the perforated plate was 9 °.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was discharged from the discharge port 21c and added to the specific gravity D of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A. The mass percentage of the specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B with respect to 100% of the perforated plate drop supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was 73.1%.
The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was discharged from the discharge port 21d. The mass percentage of the light specific gravity with respect to 100% of the perforated plate dropping supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was 6.3%.
This light specific gravity was discharged from the discharge port 21d, passed through the belt feeder 9 and passed through the sieve 23 together with the fine particles from the cyclone classifier 15 and the light specific gravity of the first stage, and screened into the upper screen E1 and the lower screen E2. The screen mesh was 300 μm.
The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was discharged from the discharge port 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22 via the pipe line 7B, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16 via the pipe line 7C and collected. The mass percentage of the fine powder F with respect to 100% of the perforated plate drop supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was 4.5%.
The underflow portion of the cyclone classifier 22 was added to the bottom E2. The perforated plate falling part of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was discharged from the discharge port 21f and added to the sieve bottom E2. The mass percentage of the perforated plate drop of the specific gravity difference sorter 21B with respect to 100% of the perforated plate fallen supplied to the specific gravity difference sorter 21B was 0.8%.
In addition, 15.3% remained in the specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B with respect to 100% of the perforated plate falling part supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B.
The mass percentage of the specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B with respect to 100% of the perforated plate drop supplied to the specific gravity difference sorting device 21B was 73.1%.

The mass percentage of the specific gravity D obtained by combining the specific gravity of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and the specific gravity of the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B with respect to the coarse particles A collected by the cyclone classifier 12 is 44. 3%.
The mass percentage of E1 on the sieve combining the fine particles from the cyclone classifier 15, the light specific gravity of the first stage, and the light specific gravity of the second stage with respect to 100% of the coarse particles A collected by the cyclone classifier 12 is 8 2%.
The mass percentage of E2 under the screen obtained by combining the fine particles from the cyclone classifier 15 with the light specific gravity of the first stage and the light specific gravity of the second stage with respect to 100% of the coarse particles A collected by the cyclone classifier 12 is 13 It was 1%.
The mass percentage of the fine powder F recovered by the bag filter 16 with respect to 100% of the coarse particles A recovered by the cyclone classifier 12 was 16.1%.
The total mass percentage remaining in the first-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A and the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B with respect to 100% of the coarse particles A collected by the cyclone classifier 12 was 18.3%. It was.

The density of the specific gravity D, which is the sum of the specific gravity of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21A and the specific gravity of the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21B, was 2.53 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the specific gravity D of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 31.6%. This means that the yield of heavy specific gravity of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more that can be used for fine aggregate was 31.6%, and the moisture content of the input shirasu raw material was 4.7%. In spite of the fact that it was a raw material containing a lot of moisture compared to the above, it was the best yield compared to other examples.

The density of the heavy specific gravity fraction D is 2.53 g / cm ^3, it was greater than 2.50 g / cm ^3. The water absorption rate according to JIS A1109 was 1.85%. FIG. 14 is a graph showing the mass fraction of the specific gravity D obtained in Example 5 through the sieve. The specific gravity obtained in this example was included in the standard particle size distribution defined by “sand” in JIS A5308. From these characteristics, it was found that the specific gravity is suitable as a fine aggregate.

Part E1 on the sieve had a density of 1.45 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion E1 on the sieve with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 8.4%.
Moreover, the density of the part E2 under the sieve was 2.33 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the portion E2 under the sieve relative to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separation apparatus was 37.1%.

Fine powder F had a specific gravity of 2.46 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the fine powder F with respect to the ordinary shirasu before being charged into the dry separator was 9.9%.

In addition, even if the mass percentage of the specific gravity D, the mass percentage of the part E1 on the sieve, the mass percentage of the part E2 below the sieve, and the mass percentage of the fine powder F are not 100%, This is because 13.0% remained in the solution. The ratio remaining in the apparatus is a value obtained when the unused airflow classifier, the unused first-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21A, and the unused second-stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21B are first operated. Since the amounts remaining in these devices are constant, a certain amount already remains in the devices except when they are used for the first time, so that the decrement from the ordinary shirasu supplied to the devices is not a problem.
Tables 1 and 2 show the raw materials, working conditions, and separation results of Examples 1 to 5.

(Examples 6 to 11)
The strength of the mixed cement obtained by mixing the fine powder F obtained in Example 5 and the fine pulverized powder F2 obtained by further pulverizing the fine powder F with ordinary Portland cement was measured.
Fine powder F had an average particle size of 0.033 mm. The pulverized fine powder F2 was obtained by supplying the fine powder F by a BMC-15 type vibration mill manufactured by Chuo Kakoki Co., Ltd. at a rate of 4.4 kg / h, and having an average particle size of 0.012 mm.

  As a comparative example, 45 g of a cement material having a weight ratio of ordinary Portland cement, standard sand, and water of 1: 3: 1 was prepared. Examples 6 to 11 were prepared (45 g of each sample) using the fine powder F and / or the pulverized fine powder F2 as raw materials for the mixed cement.

In Comparative Examples and Examples 6 to 11, the raw materials were mixed with a paste mixer. The paste mixer was UM102 manufactured by Japan Unix Co. As mixing conditions, 8 mm diameter alumina balls were added as a mixing medium and kneaded for 30 seconds at a rotational speed of 2000 rpm.
After mixing, the temperature of each sample of raw mortar was measured with a non-contact infrared thermometer. Then, each was poured into three 2 cm square plastic molds coated with a thin oil and molded.
After molding, the mixture was allowed to pass through a saturated steam desiccator for 4 weeks, dried at room temperature, removed from the plastic mold after 3 days, and allowed to stand at room temperature. Then, the end face finishing process was performed, the sample for compression tests was produced, and the compression test was done.
Table 3 shows the compositions of the comparative examples and Examples 6 to 11 and the results of the compression test. Further, FIG. 15 shows the compression result as a bar graph.

  From Table 3 and FIG. 15, the compressive strength was improved by adding fine powder F and / or pulverized fine powder F2. The pulverized fine powder F2 obtained by pulverizing the fine powder F was more improved in compressive strength than the fine powder F obtained by the classification of the present invention. A mortar using a mixed cement obtained by mixing equal amounts of fine powder F and ground fine powder F2 with ordinary Portland cement exhibited the maximum average compressive strength.

(Example 12)
Using the apparatus and method of Embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 8, the ordinary shirasu that is a raw material volcanic ejecta deposit mineral is Kushirara shirasu (moisture content of 5.7%) produced in Kushira-cho, Kanoya City, Kagoshima Prefecture. What was selected with a sieve 4 having an opening of 5 mm was used.

This ordinary shirasu was sorted into a heavy specific gravity component, a light specific gravity component, a dust collection component, and a perforated plate falling component by the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21D. The working conditions are as follows: normal shirasu feed rate is 93.4 kg / h, perforated plate has a hole diameter of 1 mm (round roulau triangle with a side of 1 mm), and the vibration amplitude by the vibration device is ± 5 mm. The speed was 304 rpm, the flow rate of the blower fan was 16 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the porous plate was 12.6 °. Further, the upper surface of the porous plate 21a has unevenness with a sawtooth cross section, and the height difference of the unevenness is 10 mm.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21c and collected. The mass percentage of the specific gravity was 11.9%, the density was 2.62 g / cm ³ , and the water content was 0.3%. The perforated plate drop discharged from 21f had a mass percentage of 20.9%, a density of 2.52 g / cm ³ , and a water content of 0.5%. This perforated plate falling portion satisfies a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more as defined by “sand” of JIS A5308, and thus can be used as it is as a fine aggregate. The mass percentage of the fine aggregate obtained by combining the weight specific gravity and the perforated plate fall was 32.8%.

The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21d. The mass percentage of the light specific gravity was 19.2%, the density was 1.54 g / cm ³ , and the water content was 0.9%.

The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22 through the pipe line 7A, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16 through the pipe line 7I to collect the fine powder F. The mass percentage of the underflow of the cyclone classifier 22 was 46.2%, the density was 2.35 g / cm ³ , and the water content was 0.3%.
The mass percentage of the fine powder F recovered in the bag filter 16 was 1.8%, the density was 2.37 g / cm ³ , and the water content was 3.5%.

  Prior to sampling for specific gravity separation, preliminary operation was performed until the equilibrium state was reached under the same specific gravity separation conditions as for the same shirasu raw material, and then supply of the shirasu raw material for measurement was started. This is because a bed layer having a thickness of several centimeters made of a fine aggregate remaining on the perforated plate 21a is formed in advance before the measurement of the shirasu raw material, so that the separation from the initial stage of the shirasu raw material is introduced. The objective was to improve the efficiency and to minimize the loss of the residual in the device, which is the difference between the input amount and the recovered amount.

(Example 13)
Using the apparatus and method of Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 10, the ordinary shirasu that is the raw material volcanic deposit sedimentary mineral is Kushirara shirasu (moisture content 5.7%) produced in Kushira-cho, Kanoya City, Kagoshima Prefecture. What was selected with a sieve 4 having an opening of 5 mm was used.

This ordinary shirasu was sorted into a heavy specific gravity component, a light specific gravity component, a dust collection component, and a perforated plate falling component by the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21D. The working conditions are as follows: the normal shirasu supply speed is 96.9 kg / h, the hole diameter of the perforated plate is 1 mm (round roulau triangle with a side of 1 mm), the vibration amplitude by the vibration device is ± 5 mm, and the rotating eccentric crank is vibrated. The speed was 304 rpm, the flow rate of the blower fan was 12 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the perforated plate was 12.6 °. Further, the upper surface of the porous plate 21a has unevenness with a sawtooth cross section, and the height difference of the unevenness is 10 mm.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21c and collected. The mass percentage of the specific gravity was 17.8%, the density was 2.54 g / cm ³ , and the water content was 0.9%.

The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21d. The mass percentage of the light specific gravity was 8.6%, the density was 1.38 g / cm ³ , and the water content was 1.3%. This light specific gravity was in conformity with the standard of JIS A5002 “Structural lightweight concrete aggregate”.

The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22A via the pipe line 7A, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16A via the pipe line 7I to collect the fine powder F. The mass percentage of the underflow content of the cyclone classifier 22A was 45.5%, the density was 2.31 g / cm ³ , and the water content was 0.6%.
The mass percentage of the fine powder F recovered in the bag filter 16A was 1.9%, the density was 2.36 g / cm ³ , and the water content was 3.5%.
Prior to sampling for specific gravity separation, preliminary operation was performed until the equilibrium state was reached under the same specific gravity separation conditions as for the same shirasu raw material, and then supply of the shirasu raw material for measurement was started. This is for the same reason described in Example 12.

The perforated plate falling part discharged from the discharge port 21f had a mass percentage of 26.2%, a density of 2.36 g / cm ³ and a water content of 0.7%.
This perforated plate fall is supplied to the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E via the belt feeder 5, and the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E uses the heavy specific gravity, perforated plate fall, and light weight. Sorted into specific gravity and dust collection (cyclone recovery, bag filter recovery). The working conditions are: the feed rate of the raw material (for the perforated plate) is 23.9 kg / h, the perforated plate has a metal wire woven net with a pore diameter of 105 μm (150 mesh), the vibration amplitude by the vibration device is ± 5 mm, the vibration The rotational speed of the eccentric crank to be adjusted was 303 rpm, the flow rate of the blower fan was 39 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the perforated plate was 10.8 °.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was discharged from 21c and added to the specific gravity D selected by the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21D. The mass percentage of the specific gravity was 44.6%. The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was discharged from 21d. The mass percentage of the light specific gravity was 52.6%, the density was 1.79 g / cm ³ , and the water content was 0.5%. This light specific gravity was in conformity with the standard of JIS A5002 “Structural lightweight concrete aggregate”.
The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was discharged from 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22B through the pipe line 7B, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16B through the pipe line 7D to collect the fine powder F. The amount of cyclone recovered by the cyclone classifier 22B was 1.9%. The mass percentage of the fine powder F was 0.8%.
The perforated plate fallen from the perforated plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was very little recovered and was 0.1%.

The mass percentage with respect to the ordinary shirasu that is added to the first stage of the weight specific gravity D, which is the sum of the weight specific gravity of the first specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21D and the weight specific gravity of the second stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21E, is 29.5%. Met. This means that the yield of fine aggregate having a specific gravity of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more was 29.5%.

The mass percentage with respect to the ordinary shirasu introduced into the first stage of the light specific gravity E1 was 22.4%. This means that the yield of lightweight aggregate was 22.4%.
Moreover, the mass percentage with respect to the normal shirasu thrown into the 1st step | paragraph of the volcanic glass material fine grain E2 was 46.0%. This means that the yield of the Shirasu balloon raw material or the admixture raw material was 46.0%.

The mass percentage with respect to the ordinary white glass added to the first stage of the volcanic glass fine powder F was 2.1%. This means that the yield of the admixture or the mixed cement raw material was 2.1%.
(Example 14)
Using the apparatus and method of Embodiment 6 shown in FIG. 11, the ordinary shirasu that is the raw material volcanic eruption deposit mineral is Kushirara shirasu (moisture content of 5.5%) produced in Kushira-cho, Kanoya City, Kagoshima Prefecture. What was selected with a sieve 4 having an opening of 5 mm was used.

This ordinary shirasu was sorted into a heavy specific gravity component, a light specific gravity component, a dust collection component, and a perforated plate falling component by the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21D. The working conditions are as follows: normal shirasu supply speed is 98.3 kg / h, hole diameter of perforated plate is 1 mm (round roulau triangle with 1 mm side), vibration amplitude by vibration device is ± 5 mm, rotation of eccentric crank to vibrate The speed was 304 rpm, the flow rate of the blower fan was 20 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the porous plate was 12.6 °. Further, the upper surface of the porous plate 21a has unevenness with a sawtooth cross section, and the height difference of the unevenness is 10 mm.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21c and collected. The mass percentage of the specific gravity was 0.8% and the density was 2.65 g / cm ³ . The perforated plate dropping part discharged from 21f had a mass percentage of 7.9% and a density of 2.58 g / cm ³ . This perforated plate falling portion satisfies a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more as defined by “sand” of JIS A5308, and thus can be used as it is as a fine aggregate.

The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22A via the pipe line 7A, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16A via the pipe line 7I to collect the fine powder F. The mass percentage of the cyclone recovered portion that is the underflow portion of the cyclone classifier 22A was 60.5%, and the density was 2.36 g / cm ³ .
The mass percentage of the fine powder F collected in the bag filter 16A was 1.9%.
Prior to sampling for specific gravity separation, preliminary operation was performed until the equilibrium state was reached under the same specific gravity separation conditions as for the same shirasu raw material, and then supply of the shirasu raw material for measurement was started. This is for the same reason described in Example 12.

The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21d. The mass percentage of light specific gravity was 28.9%, and the density was 1.94 g / cm ³ .

This light specific gravity is supplied to the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21E via the belt feeder 5, and the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21E drops the heavy specific gravity, the light specific gravity, and the perforated plate drop. And dust collection (cyclone recovery, bag filter recovery). The working condition is that the feed rate of the raw material (light specific gravity) is 96.7 kg / h, the hole diameter of the perforated plate is 1 mm (round roulau triangle with 1 mm side), and the vibration amplitude by the vibration device is ± 5 mm. The rotational speed of the eccentric crank was 304 rpm, the flow rate of the blowing fan was 16 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the perforated plate was 12.6 °. Further, the upper surface of the porous plate 21a has unevenness with a sawtooth cross section, and the height difference of the unevenness is 10 mm.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was discharged from 21c and added to the specific gravity D selected by the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21D. The mass percentage of the specific gravity was 44.2%. The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was discharged from 21d. The mass percentage of light specific gravity was 45.7% and the density was 1.73 g / cm ³ .
The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was discharged from 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22B through the pipe line 7B, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16B through the pipe line 7D to collect the fine powder F. The amount of cyclone recovered by the cyclone classifier 22B was 1.2%. The mass percentage of the fine powder F was 0.4%.
The mass percentage of the perforated plate dropped from the perforated plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was 8.5% and the density was 2.67 g / cm ³ .

Ordinary charged in the first stage of the specific gravity D of the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21D, the weight specific gravity and perforated plate falling, and the second specific gravity difference sorting device 21E of the specific gravity difference and the perforated plate falling The mass percentage relative to Shirasu was 24.0%. This means that the yield of fine aggregate having a specific gravity of 2.50 g / cm ³ or more was 24.0%.

The mass percentage with respect to the ordinary shirasu supplied to the first stage of the light specific gravity E1 of the second stage specific gravity difference sorting apparatus 21E was 13.2%. This means that the yield of lightweight aggregate was 13.2%.
Moreover, the mass percentage with respect to the normal shirasu thrown into the 1st step | paragraph of the volcanic glass material fine grain E2 was 60.8%.

  The mass percentage with respect to the ordinary white glass added to the first stage of the volcanic glass material fine powder F was 2.0%. This means that the yield of the admixture or the mixed cement raw material was 2.0%.

(Example 15)
Using the apparatus and method of Embodiment 7 shown in FIG. 12, the ordinary shirasu which is the raw material volcanic deposit sedimentary mineral is the indoor dried shirasu shirasu produced in Kushira-cho, Kanoya-shi, Kagoshima (water content 1) .6%) was selected with a sieve 4 having an opening of 5 mm.

This ordinary shirasu was sorted into a heavy specific gravity component, a light specific gravity component, a dust collection component, and a perforated plate falling component by the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21D. The working conditions are: a normal shirasu supply speed of 103 kg / h, a perforated plate with a hole diameter of 1 mm (a round roulau triangle with a side of 1 mm), a vibration amplitude of ± 5 mm by the vibration device, and the rotational speed of the eccentric crank to be oscillated. 304 rpm, the flow rate of the blower fan was 16 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the porous plate was 12.6 °. Further, the upper surface of the porous plate 21a has unevenness with a sawtooth cross section, and the height difference of the unevenness is 10 mm.
Here, the capacity of the exhaust blower was increased so that the amount of air sucked out of the pipe line 7A was 120 m ³ / min, which was larger than that in Example 12, to improve the recovery rate of the cyclone recovered material.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21c and collected. The mass percentage of the specific gravity was 0.4% and the density was 2.69 g / cm ³ . The perforated plate dropping part discharged from 21f had a mass percentage of 11.1% and a density of 2.64 g / cm ³ . This perforated plate falling portion satisfies a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more as defined by “sand” of JIS A5308, and thus can be used as it is as a fine aggregate.

  The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21d. The mass percentage of light specific gravity was 11.8%.

The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21D was discharged from 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22A via the pipe line 7A, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16A via the pipe line 7I to collect the fine powder F. The mass percentage of the cyclone recovered that was the underflow of the cyclone classifier 22A was 73.8%, and the density was 2.32 g / cm ³ .
The mass recovery rate of the fine powder F recovered by the bag filter 16A was 2.9%, and the density was 2.38 g / cm ³ .
Prior to sampling for specific gravity separation, preliminary operation was performed until the equilibrium state was reached under the same specific gravity separation conditions as for the same shirasu raw material, and then supply of the shirasu raw material for measurement was started. This is for the same reason described in Example 12.

The cyclone recovery portion, which is the underflow portion of the cyclone classifier 22A, includes pumice portion of 0.3 mm or more, and this cyclone recovery portion is sorted through the belt feeder 5 to the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting. This is supplied to the apparatus 21E, and is sorted into a heavy specific gravity component, a perforated plate falling component, a light specific gravity component, and a dust collection component (cyclone recovery component and bag filter recovery component) by the second specific gravity difference selection device 21E. . The working condition is that the feed rate of the raw material (recovered cyclone) is 21.8 kg / h, the perforated plate has a 105 μm (150 mesh) metal wire woven mesh, and the vibration amplitude by the vibration device is ± 5 mm. The rotation speed of the eccentric crank was 303 rpm, the flow rate of the blower fan was 39 m ³ / min, and the inclination of the perforated plate was 10.8 °.

The specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was discharged from 21c and added to the specific gravity D selected by the first specific gravity difference sorting device 21D. The mass percentage of the specific gravity was 5.1%. The light specific gravity of the specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was discharged from 21d. The mass percentage of light specific gravity was 31.3%.
The dust collected by the specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was discharged from 21e. The collected dust was classified by the cyclone classifier 22B through the pipe line 7B, and then the overflow was led to the bag filter 16B through the pipe line 7D to collect the fine powder F. The cyclone recovered component separated as the underflow component of the cyclone classifier 22B was 60.2% and the density was 2.35 g / cm ³ . The mass percentage of the fine powder F was 3.4%.
The perforated plate fallen from the perforated plate 21a of the second-stage specific gravity difference sorting device 21E was collected in a very small amount and was less than 0.05%.

  The mass percentage with respect to the ordinary shirasu introduced to the first stage of the volcanic glass material fine particles E2 recovered by the second stage cyclone classifier 22B was 44.4%. This means that the yield of the shirasu balloon raw material or the admixture raw material was 44.4%.

The mass percentage with respect to the ordinary white glass added to the first stage of the volcanic glass fine powder F was 2.9%. This means that the yield of the admixture or the mixed cement raw material was 2.9%.
The raw material supply amounts and separation results of Examples 12 to 15 are shown in Table 4.

(Examples 16 to 18)
Fine powder F3 obtained in Example 12, fine powder F4 obtained by further grinding the fine volcanic glass material E2 obtained in Example 12, and fine powder F obtained in Example 5 were further ground. The strength of the mixed cement obtained by mixing the pulverized fine powder F5 thus obtained with ordinary Portland cement was measured.
The fine powder F3 had an average particle size of 0.0041 mm. The pulverized fine powder F4 was obtained by supplying fine powder F3 with an IS-150 type roller mill manufactured by IHI at a rate of 5 kg / h and pulverizing, and had an average particle size of 0.0051 mm. The pulverized fine powder F5 was obtained by supplying the fine powder F obtained in Example 5 to a DSF-2 type JET mill manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic at 5 kg / h and pulverizing, and the average particle size was 0.0011 mm. .

  As Comparative Example 2, 60 g of a cement material having a weight ratio of normal Portland cement, standard sand, and water made by Ube Mitsubishi Cement of 1: 1.4: 0.6 was prepared. As Examples 16 to 18, materials (60 g of each sample) using the above fine powder F3, pulverized fine powder F4, or pulverized fine powder F5 as raw materials for the mixed cement were prepared.

In Comparative Example 2 and Examples 16 to 18, the raw materials were mixed with a paste mixer. The paste mixer was UM102 manufactured by Japan Unix Co. As mixing conditions, 8 mm diameter alumina balls were added as a mixing medium and kneaded for 30 seconds at a rotational speed of 2000 rpm.
After mixing, the temperature of each sample of raw mortar was measured with a non-contact infrared thermometer. Then, each was poured into three 2 cm square plastic molds coated with a thin oil and molded.
After molding, leave it in a saturated steam desiccator for half a day, cover it with a compress, leave it for another day, remove it from the plastic mold, let it pass in water for 4 weeks, finish the end face, and test sample for compression test And a compression test was performed. The results are shown in Table 5.

  Comparing the compressive strength in which 10% of the ordinary Portland cement in Table 5 was replaced with fine powder F3, pulverized fine powder F4, or pulverized fine powder F5, although in Example 16, compared with Comparative Example 2, the ordinary Portland cement was 10% less. The strength was reduced to 1.5 MPa, with a slight decrease of 0.3 MPa in Example 17, and a result exceeding 3.3 MPa in Example 18.

The compressive strength expression rates of these admixtures against ordinary Portland cement were compared. Since Example 16 to Example 18 have a normal Portland cement blending ratio of 90% compared to Comparative Example 2, the compression strength of 90% of ordinary Portland cement is 50.85 MPa corresponding to 90% of 56.5 MPa. Base value. The compressive strength expression effect per 10% of ordinary Portland cement is 5.65 MPa, which is 10% of 56.5 MPa.
The value obtained by dividing the value obtained by subtracting the base value 50.85 MPa from the compressive strength of Example 16 to Example 18 by 5.65 MPa is defined as the percentage of the compressive strength of the admixture with respect to ordinary Portland cement.

As a result, the compressive strength expression rate is 73.5% for fine powder F3, 94.7% for fine powder F4, and 158.4% for fine powder F5. The high-purity volcanic glass material of the present invention has a high strength development rate when pulverized as an admixture used as a raw material for mixed cement, and greatly exceeds ordinary portland cement when pulverized to an average particle size of about 0.001 mm. The strength expression rate was shown.
In addition, these admixtures of the present invention are not self-hardening unlike ordinary Portland cement, and thus are considered to have exhibited a pozzolanic effect, which not only contributes to the improvement of 4-week strength, but also develops long-term strength and water resistance. Excellent effects such as salt damage resistance and acid resistance can be expected.

(Example 19)
The fine volcanic glass material E2 obtained in Example 12 had an average particle size of 0.0789 mm and a bulk specific gravity of 1.13. The volcanic glass fine particles E2 were fired at 1050 ° C. at a raw material supply rate of 20 kg / h using a mullite particle as a heat medium in a medium fluidized bed furnace having a furnace inner diameter of 130 mm developed at the Prefectural Industrial Technology Center. As a result of separation and recovery by a cyclone classifier directly connected to the furnace, a fired foam having an average particle size of 0.0985 mm and a bulk specific gravity of 0.34 was obtained.

Since the density of the heavy specific gravity is 2.5 g / cm ³ or more and the particle size distribution conforms to the definition of “sand” in JIS A5308, it can be used as a fine aggregate for concrete.
The sieve top is mainly made of pumice with a particle size of 0.3 mm or more, and can be used as a natural lightweight aggregate. The volcanic glass material mainly composed of pumice having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more can be used as an admixture having a pozzolanic effect or a raw material for a mixed cement having a pozzolanic effect if pulverized.
The sieve bottom is mainly made of volcanic glass having a particle size of less than 0.3 mm and 0.05 mm or more, and can be used as a pearlite material or a shirasu balloon material. If pulverized, it can be used as an admixture having a pozzolanic effect or a mixed cement raw material having a pozzolanic effect. The fine powder is mainly composed of volcanic glass with a particle size of less than 0.05 mm. It becomes an admixture with a superior pozzolanic effect by admixture or pulverization. Also, the pulverized mixture is mixed with Portland cement. Available as raw material.

The feature of the present invention is that it is possible to select specific gravity of undried or dried raw materials in which fine particles and coarse particles are difficult to separate at a low cost, such as pyroclastic flow deposits such as Shirasu, Kanuma soil, and Kanoya soil. As well as crushed stone, sand and soil, as well as pearlite, as well as volcanic eruption deposits that are widely distributed all over the world, such as fallen pumice, natural products of volcanic eruptions such as Kakuto Shirasu and Yoshida Shirasu It is possible to separate the specific gravity of natural products such as obsidian, pine stone, limestone and industrial waste such as crushed and aggregated materials and industrial waste such as building waste and concrete waste.
In addition, by separating the specific gravity raw materials such as unfoamed volcanic glass or vermiculite contained in artificial fired foams such as pearlite, shirasu balloon and vermiculite, heat medium such as ceramics, and foreign matters such as rust, and light specific gravity. It is possible to purify a high added value fired foam.

3, 5, 8, 9 Belt feeder 6 Belt conveyor 4, 19, 23 Sieve 7A-7C, 7D, 7I Pipe line 10 Airflow classifier 11A-11E Cyclone crusher 12-15, 22, 31, 32 Cyclone classifier 12a , 15a Opening 12b, 15b On-off valve 16, 16A, 16B Bag filter 17A-17O Pipe 18 Exhaust blower 20 Rotary feeder 21, 21A, 21B, 21D, 21E Specific gravity difference sorter 21a Perforated plate 21b Blower fan 21c, 21d, 21f , 21e Discharge port 21g Vibrator 21h Wind tunnel 22, 22A, 22B Cyclone classifier A Coarse grain B1 Fine grain sieve (pumice)
B2 Under fine sieve (volcanic glass)
C Fine powder D Heavy specific gravity E1 Light specific gravity or light specific gravity on the sieve E2 Light specific gravity and / or cyclone recovery under the sieve F Fine powder G, H, I Intake J Exhaust

Claims (31)

For removing coarse particles with a particle size of more than 5mm from volcanic ejecta deposits, transporting the remainder to a normal or high temperature air stream, and having at least two cyclone classifiers connected to the circulating air flow path. A cyclone for coarse particle recovery is provided by an airflow classifier having a cyclone classifier group, a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles connected to the cyclone classifier group, and a bag filter for collecting fine powder connected to the cyclone classifier. Coarse particles are collected by a classifier group, fine particles are collected by a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles, and fine powder is collected by a bag filter for collecting fine particles.
A method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, characterized in that fine aggregates are recovered from the recovered coarse particles.   The cyclone classifier of the cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles has a conical shape at the top, and is connected to a pipe line at the top of the conical shape. Dry separation method.   The dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a cyclone crusher upstream of the cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles. Gravity of particle size over 5mm is removed from volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, specific gravity difference of air table type that blows toward the perforated plate from below while vibrating the perforated plate with the remainder inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction Supply to the sorting device, sort into heavy specific gravity, light specific gravity, dust collection and perforated plate falling,
A method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, characterized in that fine aggregates are collected from the selected heavy specific gravity. Gravity of particle size over 5mm is removed from volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, specific gravity difference of air table type that blows toward the perforated plate from below while vibrating the perforated plate with the remainder inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction Supply to the sorting device, sort into heavy specific gravity, light specific gravity, dust collection and perforated plate falling,
A method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, wherein fine aggregate is recovered from the selected heavy specific gravity and perforated plate falling. The perforated plate falling portion sorted by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the same or different air table type specific gravity difference sorting device having different working conditions, and the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, Further sorting into dust collection and perforated plate falling,
The method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to claim 4 or 5, wherein fine aggregate is further recovered from the selected heavy specific gravity. The perforated plate falling portion sorted by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the same or different air table type specific gravity difference sorting device having different working conditions, and the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, Further sorting into dust collection and perforated plate falling,
The dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to claim 4 or 5, wherein fine aggregate is further recovered from the selected heavy specific gravity and perforated plate fall. The perforated plate falling portion sorted by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the same or different air table type specific gravity difference sorting device having different working conditions, and the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, Further sorting into dust collection,
The method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to claim 4 or 5, wherein fine aggregate is further recovered from the selected heavy specific gravity. The light specific gravity selected by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the same or different air table type specific gravity difference sorting device having different working conditions, and the heavy specific gravity, light specific gravity, Sort further into dust and perforated plate drop,
The dry separation method for volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to claim 4 or 5, wherein pumice for lightweight aggregate is further recovered from the selected light specific gravity. The light specific gravity selected by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the same or different air table type specific gravity difference sorting device having different working conditions, and the heavy specific gravity, light specific gravity, Sort further into dust,
The dry separation method for volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to claim 4 or 5, wherein pumice for lightweight aggregate is further recovered from the selected light specific gravity. The dust collected by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the same or different air table type specific gravity difference sorting device having different working conditions, and the heavy specific gravity component, light specific gravity component, Sort further into dust and perforated plate drop,
The method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the volcanic glass material is further recovered from the collected dust. The dust collected by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the same or different air table type specific gravity difference sorting device having different working conditions, and the heavy specific gravity component, light specific gravity component, Sort further into dust,
The method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the volcanic glass material is further recovered from the collected dust. For removing coarse particles with a particle size of more than 5mm from volcanic ejecta deposits, transporting the remainder to a normal or high temperature air stream, and having at least two cyclone classifiers connected to the circulating air flow path. An airflow classifier having a cyclone classifier group, a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles connected to the cyclone classifier group, and a bag filter for collecting fine powder connected to the cyclone classifier, for collecting coarse particles. Coarse particles are collected with a cyclone classifier group, fine particles are collected with a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles, and fine powder is collected with a bag filter for collecting fine particles.
The recovered coarse particles are supplied to an air table type specific gravity difference sorting device that blows air from below to the perforated plate while vibrating the perforated plate inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction. Sort into specific gravity, dust collection, and perforated plate drop,
A method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, characterized in that fine aggregates are collected from the selected heavy specific gravity. For removing coarse particles with a particle size of more than 5mm from volcanic ejecta deposits, transporting the remainder to a normal or high temperature air stream, and having at least two cyclone classifiers connected to the circulating air flow path. An airflow classifier having a cyclone classifier group, a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles connected to the cyclone classifier group, and a bag filter for collecting fine powder connected to the cyclone classifier, for collecting coarse particles. Coarse particles are collected with a cyclone classifier group, fine particles are collected with a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles, and fine powder is collected with a bag filter for collecting fine particles.
The recovered coarse particles are supplied to an air table type specific gravity difference sorting device that blows air from below to the perforated plate while vibrating the perforated plate inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction. Sort into specific gravity, dust collection, and perforated plate drop,
A method for dry separation of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals, wherein fine aggregate is recovered from the selected heavy specific gravity and perforated plate falling.   15. The volcanic ejecta deposit according to claim 13 or 14, wherein one cyclone classifier in the group of cyclone classifiers for collecting coarse particles has a conical shape at the top and is connected to a pipe line at the top of the conical shape. Mineral dry separation method.   The dry separation method for volcanic ejecta sedimentary minerals according to any one of claims 13 to 15, further comprising a cyclone crusher on the upstream side of the cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles. The perforated plate falling portion sorted by the air table type specific gravity difference sorting device is supplied to the same or different air table type specific gravity difference sorting device having different working conditions, and the heavy specific gravity component, the light specific gravity component, Further sorting into dust collection and perforated plate falling,
Furthermore, the dry separation method of the volcanic ejecta deposit mineral as described in any one of Claims 13-16 which collect | recovers fine aggregates from the selected heavy specific gravity.   The coarse particles have a particle size of 0.30 to 5 mm, the fine particles have a particle size of 0.05 to 0.30 mm, and the fine particles have a particle size of 0.05 mm or less. The dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral as described in any one of -17. The dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to any one of claims 4 to 18, wherein the heavy specific gravity is selected with a density of 2.5 g / cm ³ or more.   The dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein at least one of the light specific gravity and the fine particles is screened and classified into an upper screen and a lower screen.   A cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles having at least two cyclone classifiers connected to a circulating air flow path, a cyclone classifier for collecting fine particles connected to the cyclone classifier group, and the cyclone classifier A dry separation apparatus for depositing minerals of volcanic ejecta, comprising an air classifier having a bag filter for collecting fine powder connected to the ash.   The cyclone classifier of the cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles has a conical shape at the top and is connected to a pipe line at the top of the conical shape. Dry separation device.   The dry separation apparatus for volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to claim 21 or 22, further comprising a cyclone crusher upstream of the cyclone classifier group for collecting coarse particles.   At least one of the cyclone classifier for the coarse particle recovery cyclone classifier and the cyclone classifier for the fine particle recovery is provided with an intake air adjusting means, and the air flow rising speed is adjusted by the intake air adjusting means. Item 24. A dry separation apparatus for volcanic ejecta deposit minerals according to any one of Items 21 to 23.   25. The apparatus according to claim 21, further comprising one or more air table type specific gravity difference sorting devices that vibrate the porous plate inclined at a predetermined angle from the horizontal direction and blow air toward the porous plate from below. The dry separation apparatus for volcanic ejecta deposit minerals as described in the paragraph.   The fine aggregate obtained by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral of any one of Claims 1-20.   A residual volcanic glass material obtained by separating fine aggregates by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the residual volcanic glass material is separated into particles having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more. Pumice for lightweight aggregate made of volcanic glass material.   A residual volcanic glass material obtained by separating fine aggregates by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the remaining volcanic glass material is separated to a particle size of less than 0.05 mm. Volcanic glass material.   A residual volcanic glass material obtained by separating fine aggregates by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the separated particle size is 0.05 mm. For an admixture having a pozzolanic effect obtained by pulverizing at least one of a volcanic glass material of ~ 0.3 mm, a volcanic glass material of less than 0.05 mm, and a volcanic glass having a particle size of 0.3 mm or more Volcanic glass material.   A mixed cement having a pozzolanic effect produced by mixing or mixing Portland cement with the volcanic glass material according to claim 28 or 29 and then pulverizing it. A residual volcanic glass material obtained by separating fine aggregates by the dry separation method of volcanic ejecta deposit mineral according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the separated particle size is 0.05 mm. Perlite obtained by firing or expanding the above volcanic glass material as it is or after pulverization.