JP2016206022A - Area size calculation method, and area size calculation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an area size calculation method with which it is possible to easily calculate a superficial content in a survey area that includes an inclined plane such as a mountain.SOLUTION: Provided is an area size calculation method for calculating a superficial content in a survey area using an indexed plan having information on the altitude of a district that includes the survey area and a city planning map having the same coordinate system as does the indexed plan, the method including: generating information on a cell obtained by dividing the indexed plan into grids and grid information having information on the angle of inclination calculated from a difference in altitude between adjacent cells; generating information on the boundary line of the survey area on the city planning map; calculating a first superficial slope content from the superficial content of a region that is closer to the inside of the survey area than is the boundary line in information on each first cell and information on the angle of inclination corresponding to first-cell information; calculating a second superficial slope content from the superficial content of each second cell and the angle of inclination corresponding to second-cell information; and calculating the superficial content of the survey area by adding up all of the first superficial slope contents and second superficial slope contents.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

  The present invention relates to an area area calculation method and an area area calculation system.

  Due to the accident at the nuclear power plant, decontamination work in the surrounding area is being carried out at a rapid pace, but the decontamination cost is usually calculated according to the decontaminated area. Therefore, if the decontamination area is known in advance, the decontamination area can be selected according to the budget, and the decontamination side can easily construct the decontamination plan. A technique for calculating the area of a target area such as a decontamination area using a public map or the like is a known technique (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2011-22777 A

  However, the decontamination area covers not only flat land but also slopes such as mountains. In this case, since it is necessary to calculate the surface area of the inclined surface of the decontamination target area instead of the occupation area on the map of the decontamination target area, it is not easy to know the surface area in advance.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides an area area calculation method and an area area calculation system capable of easily calculating the surface area even in an investigation target area including an inclined surface such as a mountain, paying attention to the above problems. With the goal.

In order to achieve the above object, the area area calculation method according to the present invention represents an elevation map having elevation information for each predetermined interval in an area including a survey target area, and represents an administrative division of the area and the elevation. An area area calculation method for calculating a surface area of the area to be investigated using a city planning map having the same coordinate system as the figure, and information on a plurality of cells obtained by dividing the elevation map in a grid shape , And information on an inclination angle calculated based on an elevation difference between the cell and a cell adjacent to the cell, the grid information being associated with the information of each cell, and generating the grid information on the city plan A boundary line having the coordinate system is generated by drawing a line representing the boundary of the area, the grid information is compared with the boundary line information, and the cell information in the grid information is compared. Information of the first cell that overlaps the boundary line and information of the second cell that is inside the information of the first cell are extracted from the boundary line in the information of each first cell. The first slope area is calculated from the area of the area inside the investigation target area and the information of the inclination angle corresponding to the information of the first cell, and the area of each second cell and the second cell Calculating the second slope area from the information of the inclination angle corresponding to the information, and calculating the surface area of the investigation target area by adding all of the first slope area and the second slope area. Features.
By the above method, the surface area of the survey area can be easily calculated based on the existing elevation map and city planning map.

In the area area calculation system according to the present invention, first, an altitude map having altitude information for each predetermined interval in an area including a survey target area, and an altitude map indicating the administrative section of the area An area area calculation system that calculates a surface area of the survey area using a city planning map having the same coordinate system as the figure, and information on a plurality of cells obtained by dividing the elevation map in a grid shape A grid information generating unit that generates grid information associated with the information of each cell and having information on an inclination angle calculated based on an elevation difference between the cell and a cell adjacent to the cell; And generating information on the boundary line having the coordinate system by drawing a line representing the boundary of the survey target area on the city planning map displayed on the display unit The external input unit, the grid information and the information on the boundary line are compared, the information on the first cell that overlaps the boundary line from the information on the cell in the grid information, and the information on the first cell The information of the second cell that is inside is extracted, and the information of each first cell corresponds to the area of the region that is inside the area to be investigated from the boundary line and the information of the first cell. A first slope area is calculated from the information of the tilt angle, and a second slope area is calculated from the information of the tilt angle corresponding to the area of each second cell and the information of the second cell, And an arithmetic unit that calculates a surface area of the area to be investigated by adding the first slope area and the second slope area.
By the said structure, it becomes an area area calculation system which can calculate the surface area of an investigation object area easily based on the existing elevation map and city planning map.

Second, the city plan map displayed on the display means is superimposed with an aerial image obtained by photographing the region from above.
With the configuration described above, it is possible to easily determine the boundary of the investigation target area by the operator.

Thirdly, a plurality of pieces of area information including information on the cells included in the investigation target area and information on a surface area of the investigation target area are generated, and information on the cells is included in the plurality of area information. It has an area determination means for extracting the common area information and displaying it on the display means.
With the above configuration, duplication of survey target areas can be prevented.

  According to the area area calculation method and the area area calculation system according to the present invention, the surface area of the survey target area can be easily calculated based on the existing elevation map and city plan map.

It is a block diagram of the area area calculation system of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of the elevation map which the area area calculation system of this embodiment produces | generates. It is a figure which shows the example which produces | generates a contour map from an elevation map in the area area calculation system of this embodiment. Here, the lower diagram of FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a broken line in the upper diagram of FIG. It is a figure which shows the example which produces | generates an inclination angle map from an elevation map and a contour map in the area area calculation system of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example which produces | generates grid information from an elevation map, a contour map, and an inclination figure in the area area calculation system of this embodiment. In FIG. 5, the upper diagram is graphic information included in the grid information, and the lower diagram is numerical information included in the grid information. It is a figure which shows the example (upper figure) which pulled the boundary line of the inspection object area on the image which superimposed the aerial photograph on the city planning figure. Here, the lower diagram of FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a broken line in the upper diagram of FIG. It is a figure which shows the example which displays a city plan figure, an aerial photograph, grid information, and area information (figure) superimposed. It is a figure which shows the example of area information (numerical value). It is a flowchart of the area area calculation system of this embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the components, types, combinations, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like described in this embodiment are merely illustrative examples and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only unless otherwise specified. .

  FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the area area calculation system of this embodiment. The area area calculation system 10 according to the present embodiment includes hardware of a personal computer (not shown) and an application installed on the personal computer.

  The area area calculation system 10 uses a display (display unit 12), a keyboard and a mouse (external input unit 14), and a storage unit 16 of a personal computer as hardware. The display of the personal computer is preferably a touch panel (in which the display unit 12 and the external input unit 14 are integrated), and in this case, a touch pen or the like is also used. The area area calculation system 10 includes a grid information generation unit 18, a calculation unit 20, an area determination unit 22, and a control unit 24 installed in a personal computer as software, which operate via a CPU of the personal computer. To do.

  The storage unit 16 stores an elevation map, a city plan map, and an aerial image that cover an area including a survey target area (decontamination target area). In addition, grid information and area information described later are stored by operating the area area calculation system 10.

  The elevation map stored in the storage unit 16 is generated by, for example, a numerical elevation model (XML data) published by the Geographical Survey Institute. This numerical elevation model is generated corresponding to the area of the prefecture unit or the municipality unit that includes the survey target area, and is converted into an elevation map using the grid information generation unit 18 described later or another application. be able to.

  The elevation map is used to calculate an inclination angle and the like, which will be described later. It is a DEM (Digital Elevation Model) image obtained by file conversion (raster calculation processing) of a digital elevation model.

  The elevation map is information that associates information on the position (x, y) (orthogonal coordinates) and elevation (z) at intervals of 5 m in the longitude direction (x direction) and 6 m in the latitude direction (y direction), for example. ing. Since the round earth surface is a flat elevation map, strictly speaking, the elevation map is a distorted shape of the actual ground surface. Therefore, the origin (0, 0) of the elevation map is set at a position that is close to the survey area, so that the distortion is minimized.

  The city planning map stored in the storage unit 16 is a diagram showing administrative divisions of regions that each jurisdiction of prefectures and municipalities has, for example. This city planning map has the same scale as the elevation map and the same coordinate system.

  The aerial image stored in the storage unit 16 is an image of the investigation target area taken from above, and has the same scale and the same coordinate system as the elevation map. Note that an ortho process is performed so that a portion of the aerial image captured from obliquely above becomes a pseudo image captured from directly above.

  The grid information generation unit 18 generates the elevation map as described above, divides the elevation map (and the contour map) into a grid shape, information on the cells obtained by the division, and the land at the position corresponding to the cell. Grid information associated with information on an inclination angle obtained by approximating the inclination angle of the image is generated (by raster calculation processing). The size of the cell is equal to the information interval (e.g., (Δx, Δy) = (5 m, 6 m)) of the altitude (z) adjacent to each other in the longitude and latitude directions of the altitude map. The cell information is rectangular information having a width of (Δx, Δy) with the position (x, y) as the center, and is associated as (x, y, z, θ). Here, θ is information on the inclination angle of the ground which is approximately calculated in the cell, and the generation method thereof will be described later.

  As will be described later, when the information on the boundary line indicating the boundary of the investigation target area input from the external input unit 14 is input, the calculation unit 20 compares this with the grid information, and compares the information of the cells constituting the grid information. Among the information, the information of the first cell that overlaps the boundary line and the information of the second cell that is inside the information (boundary line) of the first cell are extracted. This boundary line information is formed by the same coordinate system as the city plan. In addition, as described later, the calculation unit 20 generates area information (numerical values) by approximately calculating the surface area of the investigation target area using the extracted first cell information and second cell information. To do.

  The area determination unit 22 compares a plurality of pieces of generated area information, and extracts area information sharing cell information from the plurality of area information. The controller 24 controls the entire operation of the area area calculation system 10 as will be described later.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of an elevation map generated by the area area calculation system of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the elevation map expresses the elevation (z) at the position (x, y) from the gradation of brightness, and the elevation is higher as the brightness is higher. For example, if the lightness is 8 bits, lightness 0 is the lowest in altitude and expressed in black, and lightness 255 is the highest in altitude and expressed in white.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of generating a contour map from an elevation map in the area area calculation system of the present embodiment. Here, the lower diagram of FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a broken line in the upper diagram of FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the grid information generation unit 18 connects contour portions having almost the same altitude to create a contour map. This makes it possible to easily determine whether the ground surface in each cell is inclined in either the x direction or the y direction.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which an inclination angle map is generated from an elevation map and a contour map in the area area calculation system of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the grid information generation unit 18 divides the elevation map into a grid shape to generate cell information, and calculates an inclination angle in each cell. For example, if a line contour on the cell extends substantially in the y-direction, the cell _{(x k, y k, z} k) in cells adjacent in the x direction _{(x k-1, y k} , z i), Alternatively, the cell (x _{k + 1} , y _k , z _j ) is selected, and the tilt angle θ is determined by tan ⁻¹ ((z _k −z _i ) / Δx) or tan ⁻¹ ((z _k −z _j ) / Δx). _k is calculated.

Further, if the line contours on the cell extends in a generally x-direction, the cell _{(x k, y k, z} k) in cells adjacent in the y direction _{(x k, y k-1} , z i), Alternatively, the cell (x _k , y _{k + 1} , z _j ) is selected, and the tilt angle θ is determined by tan ⁻¹ ((z _k −z _i ) / Δy) or tan ⁻¹ ((z _k −z _j ) / Δy). _k is calculated. Then, the inclination angle view by calculating the theta per all the cells _{I k (x k, y k} , θ k) can be generated. In FIG. 4, the inclination angle diagram is displayed by converting the magnitude of θ _k into lightness as in FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example in which grid information is generated from an elevation map, a contour map, and an inclination map in the area area calculation system of the present embodiment. In FIG. 5, the upper diagram is graphic information included in the grid information, and the lower diagram is numerical information included in the grid information. The grid information generation unit 18 can generate grid information from an elevation map, a contour map, and an inclination map. First, a grid is drawn so as to form the aforementioned cells in the contour map, and the contour map is divided to form cells (polygons). A number (k) (grid attribute) is assigned to each cell, and the elevation (z _k ) of the elevation map at the same position (x _k , y _k ) in each cell is related to θ _{k of the} inclination map. Cell information (k, x _k , y _k , z _k , θ _k ) is generated. Then, by associating altitude information, inclination angle information, and image information representing cells with respect to all cells, grid information G _kΔxΔy (k, k) representing the position of each cell and its shape (rectangle of Δx × Δy). x _k , y _k , z _k , θ _k ) (figure, numerical value) can be generated. Therefore, the grid information (graphics and numerical values) also has the same coordinate system as the elevation map and the inclination map.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example (upper diagram) in which a boundary line of an inspection target area is drawn on an image obtained by superimposing an aerial photograph on a city plan. Here, the lower diagram of FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a broken line in the upper diagram of FIG. As described above, the information on the boundary line of the inspection target area is generated by the same coordinate system as that of the city plan. Therefore, it is preferable to generate the boundary line information by drawing a line on the city planning diagram displayed on the display unit 12 using the external input unit 14 such as a touch pen or a mouse. However, when the investigation target area (decontamination area) is a forest, it is difficult to determine the boundary depending on the growth state. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, on the display unit 12, an aerial photograph displayed in the same coordinate system as that of the city planning diagram is displayed in an overlapping manner, and the line is drawn after determining the boundary. ing.

FIG. 7 shows an example (upper diagram) in which a city plan map, an aerial photograph, grid information, and area information (graphics) are superimposed and displayed. FIG. 8 shows an example of area information (numerical values).
FIG. 7 shows an example in which area information (graphics) is generated from boundary line information. When the boundary line information is generated as described above, the calculation unit 20 compares the grid information with the information on the first cell that overlaps the boundary line of the area to be surveyed, and the survey target rather than the information on the first cell. Select the information for the second cell inside the area. Moreover, the calculating part 20 (or control part 24) produces | generates the area information (figure) which represents an investigation object area by a predetermined color as shown in FIG. 7 using the information of a boundary line. In FIG. 7, grid information (graphics) is superimposed and displayed for easy comparison, but it is not always necessary to display during actual operation.

  In FIG. 7 (FIG. 8), numbers 1 to 27 are assigned for convenience, but numbers 12, 13, 14, 18, and 19 are areas that are completely included in the investigation target area, and are the second cells. Is selected as information. The remaining numbers are selected as information of the first cell.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the calculation unit 20 calculates a ratio (area ratio) occupied by the area (B) of the region included in the investigation target area in the information area (A) of the first cell. To do. The ratio of the area (B) is calculated by, for example, the ratio of the number of pixels on the screen (minimum unit for displaying the screen color) occupied by the area (A) and the number of pixels on the screen occupied by the area (B) ( Area ratio). The area (A) of the second cell is the same (Δx × Δy) as the area (A) of the first cell, but the area ratio is 1. Therefore, the area (B) of the second cell is the same as the area (A) of the second cell.

  In addition, the calculation unit 20 reads the information of the inclination angle θ in each cell in the grid information, calculates the slope area by multiplying the area (A) of each cell by 1 / cos θ, and calculates the area ratio to the slope area. , The effective slope area included in the investigation target area in each cell is calculated. Then, by taking the sum of the effective slope areas, it is possible to calculate the total slope area of the investigation target area, that is, the surface area.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, in the cells from No. 1 to No. 27, the sum of the area (A), the area (B), the area ratio, the inclination angle, the slope area, the effective slope area, and the effective slope area is associated. Area information (numerical values) is generated and stored in the storage unit 16 in association with the area information (graphics). Here, since a plurality of pieces of area information (graphics and numerical values) are generated, the file names are stored in the storage unit 16 so that the file names are different from each other so that they can be distinguished from each other. The display unit 12 can display either area information (figure) or area information (numerical value) by operating the external input unit 14 or the like, or both can be displayed simultaneously.

  FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of the area area calculation system of this embodiment. The operation of the area area calculation system 10 having the above configuration will be described. First, a city plan map and an aerial image (ortho-processed) having a common orthogonal coordinate system are prepared in advance and stored in the storage unit 16 (step 1).

  The control unit 24 uses the grid information generation unit 18 to generate an elevation map from the digital elevation model (XML data) (step 2, FIG. 2), and generates a contour map from the elevation map (step 3, FIG. 3). ), An inclined surface map is generated from the elevation map and the contour map (step 4, FIG. 4). Then, grid information (FIG. 5) of the coordinate system common to the city plan map and the aerial image is generated and stored in the storage unit 16 using the elevation map and the slope map (step 5).

  The control unit 24 reads out the city plan map and the aerial image (and grid information (graphics)) and displays them on the display unit 12 in a superimposed manner (step 6, FIG. 6). When a line is drawn on the display unit 12 via the external input unit 14 (touch pen or the like) by the operation of the worker, boundary line information is generated (step 7). The control unit 24 (or the calculation unit 20) generates area information (figure) (FIG. 7) representing the graphic of the investigation target area based on the boundary line information and stores it in the storage unit 16 (step 8).

  When the boundary line information is input, the calculation unit 20 reads out the grid information via the control unit 24 and compares the grid information, and the first cell information included in the boundary indicated by the boundary line information and the second cell information are compared. Cell information is selected to calculate the surface area of the investigation target area (step 9, FIG. 7), grid information, first cell information, second cell information, and calculated surface area information. The area information (numerical value) (FIG. 8) corresponding to the area information (graphic) is generated (step 10), and the control unit 24 stores the area information (graphic, numerical value) in the storage unit 16 or the display unit. 12 is displayed.

  Further, the control unit 24 inputs new area information (graphics and numerical values) and already created area information (graphics and numerical values) to the area determining unit 22, and the area determining unit 22 newly generates area information (graphics). , Numerical value) is determined whether there is a common cell with the area information (graphic, numerical value) already created (step 11). If there is no common cell, the new area information (figure, numerical value) determines that the area does not overlap with the existing area information (graphic, numerical value), and sends a signal to that effect to the control unit 24. Output. Thereby, the worker can return to Step 7 and generate new area information.

  On the other hand, if there is a cell in which the newly generated area information (figure, numerical value) is in common with the already created area information (graphic, numerical value), the area determination unit 22 extracts the area information. The new area information (graphics and numerical values) and the existing area information (graphics and numerical values) are displayed on the display unit 12 via the control unit 24 (step 12). Thereby, the worker can confirm whether or not the areas actually overlap in the two investigation target areas. Then, the worker deletes one of the area information whose areas overlap each other using the external input unit 14 and stores the remaining area information in the storage unit 16. Thereby, the worker can return to Step 7 and generate new area information.

  In step 6 of the above process, the city plan map and the aerial image are displayed in an overlapping manner. However, if the position of the boundary line to be drawn by the worker can be recognized only by the city plan map, the aerial image may be omitted. In addition, the area determination unit 22 converts the color of a portion that becomes a common cell into new (or existing) area information (figure) so that the color is different from the color of other portions, and causes the display unit 12 to change the color. It may be possible to display.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ......... Area area calculation system, 12 ......... Display part, 14 ......... External input part, 16 ......... Storage part, 18 ......... Grid information generation part, 20 ...... Calculation part, 22 ... ... Area determination unit, 24 ... Control unit.

Claims (4)

Using an elevation map having elevation information for each predetermined interval in the area including the survey area, and a city planning chart representing the administrative division of the area and having the same coordinate system as the elevation map An area area calculation method for calculating the surface area of a survey area,
Information on a plurality of cells obtained by dividing the elevation map into a grid, information on the inclination angle calculated based on an elevation difference between the cells and the cells adjacent to the cells, and information related to each cell; Generate grid information with
Draw a line representing the boundary of the survey area on the city plan map to generate information on the boundary line having the coordinate system,
The grid information and the information on the boundary line are compared, and the information on the first cell that overlaps the boundary line from the information on the cell in the grid information and the information on the inner side than the information on the first cell. Extract the information of the two cells,
The first slope area is calculated from the area of the area that is inside the area to be investigated from the boundary line in the information of each first cell and the information of the inclination angle corresponding to the information of the first cell,
Calculating a second slope area from the information of the inclination angle corresponding to the area of each second cell and the information of the second cell;
A method of calculating an area of an area, comprising calculating a surface area of the area to be investigated by adding all of the first slope area and the second slope area. Using an elevation map having elevation information for each predetermined interval in the area including the survey area, and a city planning chart representing the administrative division of the area and having the same coordinate system as the elevation map An area area calculation system for calculating the surface area of a survey area,
Information on a plurality of cells obtained by dividing the elevation map into a grid, information on the inclination angle calculated based on an elevation difference between the cells and the cells adjacent to the cells, and information related to each cell; A grid information generating unit for generating grid information having
Display means for displaying the city planning map;
An external input unit for generating information on a boundary line having the coordinate system by drawing a line representing the boundary of the survey area on the city plan displayed on the display means;
The grid information and the information on the boundary line are compared, and the information on the first cell that overlaps the boundary line from the information on the cell in the grid information and the information on the inner side than the information on the first cell. The information of the two cells is extracted, and from the information of the first cell, the area of the region that is inside the area to be examined from the boundary line and the information of the inclination angle corresponding to the information of the first cell. The first slope area is calculated, the second slope area is calculated from the information of the inclination angle corresponding to the area of each second cell and the information of the second cell, and all the first slope areas are calculated. And an arithmetic unit that calculates a surface area of the investigation target area by adding the second slope areas.   The area area calculation system according to claim 2, wherein an aerial image obtained by photographing the region from above is superimposed on the city plan displayed on the display unit. A plurality of pieces of area information including information on the cells included in the investigation target area and surface area information of the investigation target area;
4. The area area calculation system according to claim 2, further comprising: an area determination unit that extracts the area information in which the cell information is common among a plurality of the area information and displays the extracted area information on the display unit.

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