JP3940834B2 - Analysis work support CAE device using numerical map information data - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) system that supports design work by numerical analysis simulation using a computer, and in particular, facilitates prior evaluation of environmental effects such as vibration and noise emitted from a large-scale structure. It is related with the analysis support technology.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When performing a numerical analysis simulation, a series of operations from the definition of the shape model to be analyzed, creation of an analysis model consisting of analysis mesh and analysis conditions, execution of the analysis program, visualization of the analysis results, and evaluation are generally performed. A plurality of programs such as analysis programs are sequentially used. To evaluate vibration and noise emitted from a building using the CAE system, create 3D shape data for each analysis case of the building and the analysis space (area where vibration and noise are to be evaluated, generally rectangular parallelepiped shape). Then, analysis mesh generation, vibration / noise analysis, analysis result evaluation, etc. are performed. These are described in Hitachi, Ltd. HICAD / CADAS operation manual and the like.
[0003]
GIS (Geographic Information System) is a system that manages spatial information constituting a map and attribute information associated therewith, and inputs / outputs, searches, analyzes, and displays geographic information through a map-based interface. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-109801 “Underground Structure Construction Management System” describes a method for combining and displaying topographic data and three-dimensional CAD data.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to quantitatively evaluate the impact of vibration, noise, air pollution, etc. emitted from the building to be designed on the environment, not only the characteristics of the building itself but also the surrounding buildings, topography, and various other situations It is necessary to create an analysis model in consideration. However, there is a problem that it takes a lot of time and effort to recreate a new analysis model (shape, boundary condition) every time the structure or arrangement of the building changes.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to speed up the work for evaluating the influence of vibration, noise, etc. on the environment.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, numerical map information data (land space data on natural environment such as topography, altitude, geology, lakes, rivers, vegetation, and administrative divisions, land use, cultural assets, public National spatial data on social environment such as facilities, residences, roads, railways, land prices, etc.) will be used to create analysis models and evaluate analysis results.
[0007]
Specifically, a three-dimensional CAD data creation unit that generates three-dimensional CAD data, an analysis model generation unit that generates an analysis model for numerical analysis, an analysis calculation unit that performs numerical analysis on the analysis model, An analysis support CAE apparatus having an analysis result evaluation unit for visualizing a numerical analysis result in an easy-to-evaluate format, comprising a database for storing numerical map information data relating to a natural environment or a social environment as digital data, the analysis model A generating unit that reads the numerical map information data from the database, converts the data into a data format that can be used for generating a two-dimensional map forming a part of the analysis model, and generates a two-dimensional map inside the computer; Form.
[0008]
The analysis model generation unit three-dimensionalizes a two-dimensional map generated inside the computer into three dimensions based on the numerical map information data, and three-dimensionalizes the structure shown on the map. It is desirable to have a sweeping means.
[0009]
In addition, a database for storing the three-dimensional CAD data generated by the three-dimensional CAD data creation unit is provided, and the analysis model generation unit reads the three-dimensional CAD data stored in the database and converts the data into the three-dimensional form. It is desirable to provide an assembly means for combining at an arbitrary position on the prepared map in an arbitrary posture.
[0010]
Furthermore, it is desirable that the analysis model generation unit be capable of deforming the topography of the map or the shape of the structure that is three-dimensionally three-dimensional when generating the analysis model.
[0011]
When the analysis result is displayed, the analysis result evaluation unit is preferably configured to display the numerical map information data related to the natural environment or the social environment so as to be superimposed on the analysis result.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of an embodiment of an analysis support CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) apparatus according to the present invention. The analysis support apparatus according to the present embodiment includes an input / output device 101 including a keyboard, a mouse, and a display for a system user to input and display data, a three-dimensional CAD data generation unit, and an analysis model generation unit. A calculation processing unit 102 including an analysis calculation unit and an analysis result evaluation unit, and a database 103 for storing three-dimensional CAD data, numerical map information data, analysis model data, and analysis result data as digital data.
[0013]
Each component in the calculation processing unit 102 has the following functions or means.
[0014]
The 3D CAD data creation unit generates data that is not included in the numerical map information data, such as 3D CAD data of a newly constructed analysis target building, and stores the data in a 3D CAD data file of the database 103. To do.
[0015]
The analysis model generation unit uses the 3D CAD data and the numerical map information data stored in the database 103 to generate a map of the evaluation target area, convert the map into 3D, and move the 3D CAD data onto the map. Placement, analysis space / ground size setting, topography and structure processing, analysis mesh generation, boundary condition setting. The analysis model generation unit corresponds to a so-called preprocessor, and the generated data is temporarily stored in the analysis model data file of the database 103 as analysis model data. The analysis model generation unit takes out numerical map information data stored in the database 103, converts the data format (format) into a format handled by the analysis model generation unit, and generates and displays a two-dimensional map. Sweep means for three-dimensionalizing the map in 3D based on the numerical map information data, and displaying the 3D CAD data stored in the 3D CAD data file in the database 103 in combination with the 3D map And a shape changing means for changing the altitude of the ground surface, the position and shape of the building, etc. constituting the three-dimensional map.
[0016]
The analysis calculation unit performs vibration analysis, noise analysis, airflow analysis, and the like using the analysis model data stored in the database 103. The analysis result is temporarily stored in the analysis result data file of the database 103 as analysis result data.
[0017]
The analysis result evaluation unit converts the analysis result data output from the analysis calculation unit, that is, analysis result data consisting of a huge amount of numerical values stored in the database 103 into a format suitable for the result evaluation and outputs the result. It corresponds to a so-called post processor. The analysis result evaluation unit in the present embodiment takes the numerical map information data stored in the database 103 into a conventionally known post processor, converts it into a data format that can be used by the analysis result evaluation unit, and outputs it to the output. Means for displaying in a superimposed manner are provided.
[0018]
Numerical map information data in the database 103 includes data on topography, elevation, geology, lakes, rivers, vegetation, etc. regarding the natural environment, administrative divisions, land use, cultural properties, public facilities, residences, roads, railways, etc., related to the social environment. It is data such as land prices and digital data.
2. Generation of Shape Data Utilizing Numerical Map Information Data FIG. 2 is a virtual map for explaining the embodiment of the present invention and represents the location of roads and buildings. In general, numerical maps are expressed in the following two types of formats. One is a raster file format and the other is a vector file format. A bitmap file corresponds to a raster file format.
[0019]
A raster image is composed of a grid called pixels having color information, and an image is stored as a collection of pixels. An application that displays a map represents an image with a collection of pixels. At that time, the color jaggedness between pixels can be smoothly interpolated. For this reason, it is often used to store photographic images. Raster format images are resolution dependent and specify the resolution and pixel size when creating the image. Therefore, when the image size is enlarged later, each pixel is enlarged, so that the image quality is lowered.
[0020]
The vector file format is sometimes called a metafile format. A vector image consists of mathematical instructions, and each object in the vector image (roads, buildings, building names, etc.) is information about the relative position in the image, start and end points, width, color, and curve. Stored. Since the vector format image is stored as a resolution-independent instruction set, the image size can be changed without degrading the quality. In the example of the map shown in FIG. 2, the line drawing of the latter vector image is simplified and expressed in a plane.
[0021]
FIG. 3 shows the map shown in FIG. 2 arranged on the xy plane of a three-dimensional space. Specifically, data in which the height direction (z direction) in the planar map of FIG. 2 is zero is created from the numerical map information data and is captured on the three-dimensional CAD. The UTM projection (Universal Transverse Mercator projection) used for the Geographical Survey Institute's topographic and terrain maps is a regular projection, so strictly speaking, it is necessary to correct the distance due to the difference in latitude. Conformal projection is a projection in which local angles are correctly represented anywhere on the map, but the higher the latitude, the shorter the actual distance on the earth. The ratio of the distance between the section of latitude a and the section of latitude b can be easily obtained by calculating cos (a) / cos (b). For example, the ratio of the distance between the 30 degree latitude section and the 35 degree latitude section is about 0.95. Numerical map data expressed in terms of an equal area projection (a projection in which area relations are correctly expressed everywhere on the map) or equidistant projection (a projection in which lengths are correctly expressed on meridians, parallels, or azimuths) other than regular projection In the case of, correction can be performed by using a known function. Further, as shown in another example described later, three-dimensional data of altitude terrain may be directly used.
[0022]
FIG. 4 shows a configuration in which three-dimensional CAD data representing a building is generated and arranged on a map in a three-dimensional space by the sweep means based on the information on the location and height of the building. Information relating to buildings such as houses and buildings is represented by location, name, floor area, number of floors, and the like, and a three-dimensional shape can be generated using these information. A figure 401 in the figure represents the 3D CAD data of the building that is the source of vibration and noise. The 3D CAD data file of the database 103 is created by the 3D CAD data creation unit. It was stored in. The building represented by this graphic 401 is referred to as “analysis target building”. The analysis target building 401 is taken out from the three-dimensional CAD data file in the database 103 by the assembly means, and is displayed in combination with a three-dimensional map. The region and the structure (building) shown in FIG. 4 serve as an analysis model.
[0023]
For the following explanation, the site 501 of the building to be analyzed is indicated by the hatched portion in FIG. Further, the use area boundary line 502 of the administrative division is used to determine the presence or absence of an area exceeding the environmental standard value defined for each commercial / industrial area and residential area.
[0024]
As described above, the numerical map information data stored in the database 103 is directly read into the computer to generate the analysis model, so that it is not necessary for the person in charge of analysis to create the model by inputting data one by one, and the analysis model is generated. The time required for this can be shortened. In addition, since the numerical map information data is directly read into a computer and an analysis model is generated, the terrain of the analysis target region, the shape and arrangement of the structure, etc. can be accurately modeled.
[0025]
The purpose of the analysis of this embodiment is to prevent vibration and noise from exceeding the environmental standard value at the site boundary, or to reduce the number of people affected by vibration and noise as much as possible in light of the population distribution. For this purpose, we will evaluate the appropriate layout of the building to be analyzed, the necessity of changing design specifications, the necessity of installing sound insulation walls, etc.
3. Analysis Mesh Creation FIG. 6 is an example of an analysis mesh, and space and ground meshes are omitted for display. As a procedure for creating an analysis mesh, first, an analysis region is defined, and a portion unnecessary for analysis is deleted from the three-dimensional CAD data. A mesh size appropriate for the analysis is determined, and the mesh size is set with respect to the ridgeline or surface of the three-dimensional CAD data. At this time, the mesh accuracy may be controlled locally to improve the analysis accuracy. Then, for example, a mesh is generated from the three-dimensional CAD data by applying a known method such as the boundary fit method, the advanced front method, or the Delaunay method. Further, JP 1999-096400 “Analysis mesh generation method and apparatus”, JP 1999-096400 “Shape conversion method” and the like have descriptions related to automatic mesh generation. By adding constraint conditions, loading conditions from vibration sources, and material properties (especially for the ground, material properties required for analysis are defined based on geological data on the natural environment) to the mesh created in this way An analysis mesh model is created.
4). Evaluation of analysis results using numerical map information data FIG. 7 shows the vibration and noise of the figure 401 of FIG. 4 using the analysis mesh (FIG. 6) created from the three-dimensional CAD data in the building layout shown in FIG. The noise is analyzed as a building that is the source of the noise, and the result is plotted on the ground surface by the analysis result evaluation unit. Based on the visualized analysis result, it is possible to easily evaluate which surrounding building is affected by the environment due to noise. A general-purpose post-processor can be used for this visualization, but the data format is such that the environmental standard value for each administrative division can be extracted from the numerical map information data stored in the database 103 and displayed over the displayed analysis result. It is possible to quickly determine whether or not a design change is necessary by converting the data into the data and displaying it simultaneously with the analysis result.
[0026]
In FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. 5, the use area boundary line 701 that is the boundary line of the commercial / industrial area of the administrative division, the residential area, etc. is extracted from the numerical map information data stored in the database 103. The data is converted into a data format that can be displayed over the displayed analysis result, and is displayed over the displayed analysis result. Based on this use area boundary line 701, the presence / absence of an area exceeding the noise reference value determined for each commercial / industrial area and residential area is determined. For example, if the area where the building to be analyzed exists is an industrial area and the other area is a residential area, of two areas separated by the boundary of the use area, In this case, the noise level is exceeded.
[0027]
In addition, if this analysis result predicts the impact on some important public facilities (schools, hospitals, etc.), even if the result satisfies the environmental standard value at the site boundary, In some cases, proper placement of objects is required. A method for dealing with such a case is described below.
5). FIG. 8 shows the analysis result when the analysis target 3D CAD data is moved. FIG. 8 shows the 3D CAD data displayed as a 3D image when the analysis target building is moved to the back of the site. The analysis object building 801 is shown. When three-dimensional CAD is used, operations such as translation, rotation, copying, and enlargement / reduction of a specific part can be performed very easily. In this case, the analysis target building 401 arranged parallel to the road on the right side of the site 501 in FIG. 4 on the right side in front of the site 501 is moved closer to the center on the back side of the site 501 by the shape changing means in the analysis model generation unit. In addition, the layout has been changed to be parallel to the road on the right back side of the site. You may newly arrange the analysis object building 401 in a desired position using an assembly means. This evaluates how the noise analysis results change.
[0028]
FIG. 9 shows that the analysis target building 801 is a source of vibration and noise using the analysis mesh created from the three-dimensional CAD data in the building layout after moving the analysis target building shown in FIG. The noise is analyzed by the analysis calculation unit as a building, and the result is plotted on the ground surface by the analysis result evaluation unit.
[0029]
In this way, the building to be analyzed is placed at an arbitrary location as needed, or the installation of sound insulation walls, the movement of surrounding buildings, etc. are performed to obtain a design solution that minimizes the environmental burden. be able to.
6). Overlapping of population distribution and analysis results FIG. 10 schematically shows the population distribution in a three-dimensional graph. There are two types of numerical map information data: one given as a value for latitude and longitude such as altitude, and one given as a point for each district like population distribution. In the GIS described above, a polygon layer surrounded by lines and including surface information, a line layer that handles line information, a point layer that handles point information, a signature layer that displays characters on a map, and data like a photographic image Can be handled in combination with a raster layer expressed by a collection of pixels. The polygon layer is used for buildings and regional boundaries, the line layer is used for roads and railway lines, and the point layer is used for the locations of scattered facilities and statistical data. Population distribution is one of the items expressed in the point layer. In this example, an example is shown in which a population distribution is mapped to a grid of latitude and longitude, and a population that is affected by the environment due to noise is evaluated.
[0030]
In FIG. 10, each point on the grid indicates the location of the sampling point, and the population divided by the number of sampling points included in the boundary of a certain area represented by the polygon layer is averaged as the population in each grid. Population is represented by the length of the bar from the center of the grid. FIG. 11 shows the three-dimensional population distribution graph displayed together with the noise analysis result in the analysis result evaluation unit. The noise analysis result here is the same as that shown in FIG. 7, that is, the noise analysis result in the case where there is an analysis target building that is a noise generation source at the position shown in FIG. In the example of FIGS. 4 to 9, the influence of the vibration noise received by the surrounding buildings was evaluated. In this example, the comparison between the noise distribution and the population distribution, the cumulative number of populations exceeding a certain noise, and the like are evaluated. it can.
7). Mesh generation using altitude data FIG. 12 shows sampling points of altitude data. The altitude data of the numerical map information data is generally represented by a height value with respect to latitude and longitude. The grid intervals in the numerical map information data are mainly 10 meters, 50 meters, 250 meters, and 1 kilometer according to the purpose. In the case of a volcano elevation map with a grid interval of 10 meters, for example, the contour lines drawn on the 1 / 5,000th and 1 / 10,000th volcano basic maps published by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan are digitized and The elevation of the center of each mesh obtained by dividing the basic volcano map of the digital elevation model (called DEM) created in this way into the north-south and east-west directions at 10 meter intervals is recorded. For elevation data with a grid interval of 50 meters, measure the elevation of the center point of the mesh, which is divided into 50-meter intervals in the north-south and east-west directions, for example, from a 15,000 topographic map. Ask.
[0031]
The altitude data is used for creating a bird's-eye view that displays the topography three-dimensionally, as well as for radio wave coverage and topography analysis. Elevation data with a grid interval of 250 meters or 1 kilometer is almost the same as the elevation data of 50 meters, but the larger the grid interval, the smaller the amount of data. it can.
[0032]
FIG. 13 shows a three-dimensional mesh generated based on the height information of the sampling points. The three-dimensional mesh can be easily obtained by moving each node of the plane mesh generated on the xy plane by connecting the sampling points in the z direction according to the altitude of the sampling points. FIG. 14 shows an example in which a structure 1401 is arranged in a space including the three-dimensional mesh shown in FIG. FIG. 15 shows an example in which the structure 1501 is arranged at a point and direction different from 1401 in FIG. 14 in the space including the three-dimensional mesh shown in FIG. These can be used, for example, for proper arrangement of structures considering the influence of airflow due to topography. Or the environmental standard value for every administrative division can be displayed based on numerical map information similarly to FIG. 7, and it can also evaluate together with an airflow analysis result.
[0033]
FIG. 16 is an example in which the shape change means of the analysis model generation unit is used to artificially process and analyze the topography. In the three-dimensional map generated using the numerical map information data, the high-elevation portion of the portion surrounded by the dotted line 1601 is set lower than those in FIGS. This is the result of regenerating the mesh by lowering the elevation at several sampling points compared to the actual natural terrain. In this way, not only the structure and layout of the building are changed, but also the natural Simulation when processing the topography of the image can be easily performed by using an analysis mesh based on numerical map information data.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the analysis model creation time is reduced because the analysis model is created by directly reading the numerical map information data into the analysis model generation unit that creates the analysis model. In addition, quantitative evaluation of social impacts such as noise and pollution based on population distribution and building distribution, and the result of considering differences in environmental standards corresponding to various administrative divisions (commercial / industrial districts, administrative district boundaries, etc.) Evaluation can be performed quickly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an analysis support CAE device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a region that is an analysis model in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as a map created by using numerical map information data.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the map shown in FIG. 2 in three dimensions.
4 is a perspective view showing an analysis model in which buildings are arranged three-dimensionally on the map shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view in which the site of the building to be analyzed is displayed on the map shown in FIG. 3 and the boundaries of administrative divisions are also displayed.
6 is a perspective view showing a state in which an analysis mesh is formed on the analysis model shown in FIG. 4. FIG.
7 is a perspective view showing an example of evaluation of the result of noise analysis of the analysis model shown in FIG.
8 is a perspective view showing an example in which an analysis target building is moved in the analysis model shown in FIG. 4;
9 is a perspective view showing an example of evaluation of the result of noise analysis of the analysis model shown in FIG.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a population distribution graph created with numerical map information data.
11 is a perspective view showing the population distribution shown in FIG. 10 and the analysis result shown in FIG. 7 in an overlapping manner.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of sampling points of altitude data in the numerical map information data.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example in which a three-dimensional mesh is formed on topography formed based on numerical map information data.
14 is a perspective view showing an example in which a structure is arranged on the terrain data shown in FIG. 13 and used as an analysis model. FIG.
15 is a perspective view showing an example in which the location of a structure is changed in the analysis model shown in FIG. 14;
16 is a perspective view showing an example in which the topography is processed in the analysis model shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
101 I / O device 102 Calculation processing unit 103 Database 401 Three-dimensional CAD data 501 of analysis object building Site 502 of analysis object building Use area boundary line 701 of administrative division Use area boundary line 801 displayed superimposed on the analysis result Building 1501 to be analyzed later Structure 1501 arranged on topographic data Structure 1601 after moving arranged on topographic data The part of altitude processed low

Claims (6)

A three-dimensional CAD data creation unit that generates three-dimensional CAD data, an analysis model generation unit that generates an analysis model for numerical analysis, an analysis calculation unit that performs numerical analysis on the analysis model, and a numerical analysis result In an analysis support CAE device having an analysis result evaluation unit that visualizes in a format that is easy to evaluate,
National land spatial data on natural environment including at least topography, elevation, geology, lakes, rivers, vegetation, and at least administrative divisions, land use, cultural assets, public facilities, residences, roads, railways, land prices, and at least It has a database that stores digital map data containing numerical map information data that includes national land space data related to the social environment, including administrative boundaries and one of population distribution .
The analysis model generation unit reads the numerical map information data from the database, converts the data into a data format that can be used to generate a two-dimensional map forming a part of the analysis model, and generates a two-dimensional map inside the computer Ri Na a, the analysis result evaluation unit, when displaying the analysis results, the National spatial data about the social environment is included in at least the digital map information data, a means for displaying superposed on the analysis result analysis support CAE apparatus characterized by comprising.   2. The analysis support CAE apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the analysis model generation unit three-dimensionalizes a two-dimensional map generated inside the computer based on the numerical map information data and displays the map on the map. An analysis support CAE apparatus characterized by comprising a sweep means for three-dimensionalizing the structured object.   The analysis support CAE apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a database that stores the three-dimensional CAD data generated by the three-dimensional CAD data generation unit, wherein the analysis model generation unit stores the three-dimensional CAD data stored in the database. An analysis support CAE device comprising an assembly means for reading out the data and combining it in an arbitrary posture at an arbitrary position of the three-dimensional map.   4. The analysis support CAE apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the analysis model generation unit deforms the topography of the three-dimensional map or the shape of the structure when generating the analysis model. An analysis support CAE device characterized by comprising: A three-dimensional CAD data creation unit that generates three-dimensional CAD data, an analysis model generation unit that generates an analysis model for numerical analysis, an analysis calculation unit that performs numerical analysis on the analysis model, and a numerical analysis result In an analysis support CAE device having an analysis result evaluation unit that visualizes in a format that is easy to evaluate,
The analysis model generation unit includes at least national land space data on the natural environment including any of topography, elevation, geology, lakes, rivers, and vegetation, and at least administrative divisions, land use, cultural properties, public facilities, residences, roads, railways Generating an analysis model using numerical map information data including national land spatial data relating to the social environment including at least one of the land price and the use area boundary line and population distribution of the administrative division, and the three-dimensional CAD The three-dimensional CAD data generated by the data creation unit is configured to be arranged on a numerical map, and the analysis result evaluation unit is configured to display at least the national space related to the social environment included in the numerical map information data when displaying the analysis result. An analysis support CAE apparatus comprising means for displaying data superimposed on an analysis result . A three-dimensional CAD data creation unit that generates three-dimensional CAD data, an analysis model generation unit that generates an analysis model for numerical analysis, an analysis calculation unit that performs numerical analysis on the analysis model, and a numerical analysis result In an analysis support CAE device having an analysis result evaluation unit that visualizes in a format that is easy to evaluate,
The analysis model generation unit includes at least national land space data on the natural environment including any of topography, elevation, geology, lakes, rivers, and vegetation, and at least administrative divisions, land use, cultural properties, public facilities, residences, roads, railways Generate an analysis model using numerical map information data that includes national land spatial data related to the social environment including at least one of the land price and the use area boundary line of the administrative division and the population distribution . Ri Na comprise means for deforming the numerical shape of the terrain or structure as defined by the map information data when the analysis result evaluation unit, when displaying the analysis results, included in at least the digital map information data the National spatial data on social environment, characterized by comprising a means for displaying superposed on the analysis result analysis support CAE system

Images