KR101551739B1 - Method for locating of structure data on 3D geomorphic data - Google Patents

Method for locating of structure data on 3D geomorphic data Download PDF

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KR101551739B1
KR101551739B1 KR1020150065693A KR20150065693A KR101551739B1 KR 101551739 B1 KR101551739 B1 KR 101551739B1 KR 1020150065693 A KR1020150065693 A KR 1020150065693A KR 20150065693 A KR20150065693 A KR 20150065693A KR 101551739 B1 KR101551739 B1 KR 101551739B1
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terrain
reference point
dimensional
points
value
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Korean (ko)
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윤정식
김성호
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(주)이지스
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • G06T17/05—Geographic models
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects

Abstract

In order to visualize an actual world on a computer in three dimensions, a three-dimensional structure such as a building or a bridge is positioned at a high speed on a three-dimensional topography, thereby shortening the time required to visualize the three- To a three-dimensional geographical feature that allows the user to provide a three-dimensional geometry.
A method of locating a structure in a three-dimensional geographical feature according to the present invention includes dividing three-dimensional topographic information into grid units of a predetermined size, partitioning a plurality of geographical tiles comprising a plurality of grid points, A first step of generating and storing index information composed of position information of the structure, and a step of setting a reference point satisfying predetermined conditions among the three-dimensional boundary values of the structure in a state where the structure is positioned corresponding to the structure coordinate value A third step of extracting a terrain tile in which a reference point coordinate value of the structure is located by comparing the reference point coordinate value of the structure with the index information of the terrain tile, By using the intersection points between the virtual planes corresponding to the lattice points and the structure reference points, A fourth step of calculating an altitude value of the structure based on the virtual plane, and a fifth step of moving all points of the structure with respect to the virtual plane by an altitude value to determine a positive position on the corresponding topography of the structure .

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for locating a structure on a three-

In order to visualize an actual world on a computer in three dimensions, a three-dimensional structure such as a building or a bridge is positioned at a high speed on a three-dimensional topography, thereby shortening the time required to visualize the three- To a three-dimensional geographical feature that allows the user to provide a three-dimensional geometry.

The 3D Geographic Information System (GIS) is a system that simultaneously displays real ground structures and underground objects in a digital elevation model (DEM) or a digital terrain model (DTM) So that the location information of ground structures or underground objects can be continuously managed.

The 3D GIS technology is based on the assumption that the real world is ultimately three-dimensional. Recently, the 3D GIS technology has been extended to general areas such as urban landscape planning, disaster management system, navigation, SNS service, The target of the application is gradually expanding.

In recent years, with the rapid development of virtual reality systems and computer games, technologies have been researched and developed in order to express spatial information consisting of objects and terrains in real world using a computer system have.

In particular, local governments and public institutions in each province are legally required to provide three-dimensional topographic data and two-dimensional electronic drawing data to provide real-world spatial information. From the two-dimensional electronic drawing data, It provides various spatial data related services such as landscape management of large cities, 3D prediction simulation background map and so on by generating 3D structure data.

However, most of the two-dimensional electronic drawing data do not have actual altitude values in building data such as buildings. Therefore, in the GIS system, it is troublesome to calculate the altitude value based on the detailed information of the structure. For example, referring to the building register, the number of layers and the inter-story height value of the building are extracted, and the total altitude value of the building is calculated through the extraction.

In addition, altitude values of the structure data are usually set as the altitude values as the geospatial data. In order to accurately integrate the structures on the topography, the structures must be connected based on the height values of the terrain. A complicated arithmetic processing for the data must be performed. Especially, because the terrain height value may be changed due to redevelopment or the like, if the previously calculated structure data is used as it is, the structure is visualized as being separated from the terrain or buried in the terrain. Therefore, an arithmetic process for accurately positioning the structure on the terrain so that the change state of the terrain information can be taken into consideration is basically performed.

In the case of small numbers of structures in electronic drawings, there is no significant effect on the processing operation. However, when a certain number of structures are to be located on the topography, a lot of processing time . The degradation of the processing speed of the 3D geospatial information has a disadvantage in that the 3D virtual screen responds very slowly to the users viewing the 3D spatial data, thereby causing the users to feel uncomfortable.

1. Korean Patent No. 1514708 (entitled " 3-D Modeling Construction Technique Using 2D Image)

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of calculating an altitude value based on a height difference between a structure and a virtual surface in a state where a structure is positioned on a three- There is a technical purpose of providing a method of positioning a structure in a three-dimensional geographical shape that allows a structure to be positioned more quickly and accurately on a three-dimensional topography by a simple method of moving the structure.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for dividing three-dimensional terrain information into a plurality of lattice points, dividing a plurality of lattice points into a plurality of lattice points, And extracting a reference point satisfying predetermined conditions among the three-dimensional boundary values of the structure in a state where the structure is positioned in correspondence with the coordinate values of the structure on the ground, A third step of extracting a terrain tile in which the reference point coordinate value of the structure is located by comparing the reference point coordinate value of the structure with the index information of the terrain tile, The point of intersection between the virtual plane corresponding to this lattice point and the reference point of the structure is used as the intersection point of the structure And a fifth step of moving all the points of the structure with respect to the virtual plane by an altitude value to determine a positive position on the corresponding topography of the structure based on the virtual plane. A method of positioning a structure in a three-dimensional geographical feature is provided.

In the second step, the reference point of the structure is set as the lowest point of the structure.

The fourth step is to extract at least three or more neighboring lattice points surrounding the reference point of the structure and connect the neighboring lattice points to generate a virtual plane. Is provided.

The fourth step may include generating two points based on the Z axis coordinate value by setting the Z axis coordinate value to a predetermined maximum value and minimum value with respect to the structure reference point including the X axis coordinate value and the Y axis coordinate value, A step of generating a virtual straight line component perpendicular to the virtual plane by connecting the two points, extracting an intersection point between the straight line component and the virtual plane, and performing a subtraction operation between the intersection point and the structure reference point, And calculating a value of the three-dimensional shape of the structure.

In addition, the operation of separating the topographic space corresponding to the LOD level and locating the structure through the first to fifth steps with respect to the topographic space corresponding to each LOD level, Level to a size corresponding to a level of the three-dimensional shape, and performing the above-described operation.

According to the present invention, the altitude value of the structure is calculated using the topographical virtual plane at the position where the structure is disposed, and the structure is positioned on the topography with reference to the virtual plane. Thus, It is possible to locate a large number of structures accurately and precisely at the position of the corresponding location.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to perform processing such as three-dimensional analysis, three-dimensional visualization, and three-dimensional viewing more quickly by constructing a large-capacity terrain by reducing the time required for visualizing three- It is possible to reduce the time and cost required for the operation.

According to the present invention, not only can a three-dimensional topography and a structure be visualized on a computer at a high speed, but also various processes for calculating and storing the precise position of a structure to be positioned in a geographical shape in generating large- As can be applied, all the structures expressed on the three-dimensional topography can be utilized in the process of quickly calculating the relative height relationship.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an internal configuration of a 3D terrain information providing apparatus to which a method of positioning a structure in a 3D terrain according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied; FIG.
2 is a flow chart illustrating a method for positioning a structure in a three-dimensional geometry according to an embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a diagram for explaining a grid-like division state of a three-dimensional topographic space.
FIG. 4 illustrates an index information table for a terrain tile having a plurality of grid points. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a process of extracting a reference point of a structure located on a ground shape and obtaining a terrain tile including the reference point. FIG.
6 is a diagram for explaining a process of creating a virtual plane by a lattice point surrounding a structure reference point in a terrain tile;
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a process of obtaining an intersection point intersecting a virtual plane of a terrain type tile and a reference point of a structure to determine a structure positively in a topological space.

The description of the present invention is merely an example for structural or functional explanation, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the embodiments described in the text. That is, the embodiments are to be construed as being variously embodied and having various forms, so that the scope of the present invention should be understood to include equivalents capable of realizing technical ideas. Also, the purpose or effect of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, since it does not mean that a specific embodiment should include all or only such effect.

Meanwhile, the meaning of the terms described in the present invention should be understood as follows.

The terms "first "," second ", and the like are intended to distinguish one element from another, and the scope of the right should not be limited by these terms. For example, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, but there may be other elements in between. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. On the other hand, other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

It should be understood that the singular " include "or" have "are to be construed as including a stated feature, number, step, operation, component, It is to be understood that the combination is intended to specify that it does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

In each step, the identification code (e.g., a, b, c, etc.) is used for convenience of explanation, the identification code does not describe the order of each step, Unless otherwise stated, it may occur differently from the stated order. That is, each step may occur in the same order as described, may be performed substantially concurrently, or may be performed in reverse order.

All terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Commonly used predefined terms should be interpreted to be consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art and can not be interpreted as having ideal or overly formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an internal structure of an apparatus for performing a method of positioning a structure having an altitude value in a three-dimensional shape according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Referring to FIG. 1, a 3D terrain information providing apparatus 100 for performing a method of positioning a structure on a 3D terrain according to the present invention includes a terrain generating module 110, a structure combining module 120, A module 130, and a storage module 140.

The terrain generation module 110 acquires the 3D terrain data of the visualization area according to the input data of the user and divides the 3D terrain data into terrain tiles to construct the terrain mesh data composed of the divided terrain tiles. At this time, the terrain generation module 110 can adjust the number of tiles and the size of the tiles constituting the three-dimensional terrain according to the user setting, and each of the terrain tiles includes a plurality of grid points divided into a grid shape.

The structure combining module 120 sets a reference point for the visualization target structure, creates a virtual plane on a shape where the structure is disposed in association with the topographic data on which the corresponding structure is located, By calculating the elevation value and moving the position, the structure is precisely positioned on the corresponding topography.

The control module 130 controls the precise positioning of the structure on the three-dimensional paper according to the present invention in association with the terrain generation module 100 and the structure combination module 120 so as to correspond to the request of the user, , And performs a series of control processing for controlling to display and output the generated three-dimensional topographic space definition through information output means (not shown).

The storage module 140 indexes and stores the terrain data, the terrain mesh data, and the 3D terrain image, and stores the terrain data, the terrain mesh data, and the 3D terrain image according to categories according to a predetermined classification system.

Here, the modules 110 to 130 may be designed in the form of hardware or software, and may be designed by integrating hardware and software.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining a method of positioning a structure in a three-dimensional geographical feature according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a grid- FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a process of extracting a reference point of a structure located in a ground shape and obtaining a terrain tile including the reference point, FIG. 5 6 is a view for explaining a process of creating a virtual plane by a lattice point surrounding a reference point of a structure in a tile type tile, FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a process of generating a virtual plane by a grid point surrounding the reference point, And a positive (positive) position is determined by the following equation (1).

2 to 7, when the 3D geospatial information is input, the terrain generation module 110 generates a terrain data including a coordinate system of the corresponding terrain information, a boundary coordinate value, and various coordinate information including the earth ellipsoid Acquires and stores it in the storage module 140, and acquires coordinate information about the structure and stores the coordinate information in the storage module 140.

Then, the terrain generation module 110 divides the terrain space into a grid unit of a predetermined size based on the coordinate information of the 3D terrain information, divides a plurality of terrain tiles formed of a plurality of terrain grid groups, (ST10). That is, the terrain generation module 110 divides the terrain space into a grid unit of the type shown in FIG. 3 based on the boundary value of the terrain space and predetermined horizontal unit value. In addition, the terrain generation module 110 divides the terrain space into terrain tiles T having a predetermined size to have a plurality of grid points P, and allocates indexes corresponding to the terrain tiles. At this time, the terrain type tile index is allocated from left to right with respect to the lower left end of the terrain space as shown in FIG. 3, increasing from the bottom to the top with reference to "0". In other words, the index information has a form of (X-axis order value, Y-axis order value) such that (0,0), (0,1), ... , (1,0), (1,1), ... .

In addition, the terrain generation module 110 stores the terrain tile T information constituting the terrain space in the storage module 140. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the terrain tile information includes an index table and a file location table. 4, when the basic size of the terrain tile is "S", the number of horizontal tiles is "M", and the number of vertical tiles is "N", the file position stored in the file position table is (i, j) Is set by Equation (1). &Quot; (1) "

Figure 112015045156012-pat00001

Here, the basic size S of the terrain tile is set to "number of horizontal lattice points x number of vertical lattice points x terrain value size" of the terrain lattice, for example, 64 × 64 × 4 = 16,384 bytes.

As described above, in the state where the geographical space is divided into a plurality of terrain tiles having a plurality of grid points and stored in the storage module 140, the structure joining module 120 calculates the corresponding structures on the basis of the structure coordinate values And a reference point satisfying a predetermined condition among three-dimensional boundary values of the structure is extracted (ST20). That is, the structure combining module 120 extracts the lowest point among the boundary values of the structure. It is possible to extract the lower left end point as the reference point SR of the structure in consideration of the fact that the lower end of the structure, such as a building or the like, generally has a horizontal characteristic. FIG. 4 shows a diagram in which the lower left end of the structure S is set as a structure reference point SR. At this time, the structure reference point SR can be set as a reference coordinate value (x 0 , y 0 ) for the structure S as a two-dimensional plane coordinate value.

The structure combining module 120 compares the reference point coordinate value of the structure S with the file position of the terrain tile index to obtain a terrain tile T including the reference point SR of the structure S ).

That is, the structure combining module 120 searches and obtains the topographic tile index including the reference point (SR) of the structure S from the geospatial information stored in the storage module 140 through Equation (2).

Figure 112015045156012-pat00002

Here, Lx is the unit length of the terrain tile in the X direction, Ly is the unit length of the terrain tile in the Y direction, x 0 is the X value of the structure reference point (SR), and x 1 is the left- The reference point X coordinate value, y 0 is the structure reference point Y coordinate value, and y 1 is the lower left reference point Y coordinate value of the topographic space.

That is, the structure joining module 120 acquires a terrain tile T including the lowest point of the structure in FIG. At this time, the terrain tile T includes a plurality of grid points P as shown in FIG. 5, the terrain tile T includes a plurality of grid points P spaced apart from the (a1, b1) and (a2, b2) regions by an X axis distance Δx and a Y axis distance Δy, .

Next, the structure combining module 120 extracts at least three surrounding grid points P including the structure reference point SR (ST40). 5, the structure joining module 120 extracts three lattice points (①, ②, ③) closest to the structure reference point SR and surrounds the structure reference point SR Creates a virtual plane VP of triangles.

The structure combining module 120 obtains a virtual straight line component by connecting two points on a space corresponding to the structure by arbitrarily setting two Z-direction values for the structure S (ST50). That is, for the two-dimensional structure reference point (SR) composed of the X-axis coordinate value and the Y-axis coordinate value, the Z-axis coordinate value is set as the predetermined maximum value and the minimum value, and two points on the space by the Z- At this time, the Z-axis coordinate value can be arbitrarily set by the user. For example, the structure reference point SR can be set to (x 0 , y 0 , 10,000) and (x 0 , y 0 , -10,000) . These two points are connected to generate a virtual straight line component VL perpendicular to the virtual plane VP as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when there is a Z-axis coordinate value for the structure, a virtual linear component may be set based on the Z-axis coordinate value.

Subsequently, the structure combining module 120 obtains an intersection point with the straight line component VL with respect to the triangular virtual plane VP formed by the three grid points selected in step ST5, The altitude value H of the structure S is calculated on the basis of the height difference between the two structures (ST60). 7, the structure joining module 120 includes the virtual straight line component VL, the virtual plane VP, and the virtual straight line VL. In this case, the structure S is disposed below the virtual plane VP as shown in FIG. And calculates an elevation value H of the structure S through a subtraction operation between the intersection Z and the structure reference point SR.

Then, the structure combining module 120 moves the altitude value H to all the points constituting the structure S, thereby positively positioning the structure S in the three-dimensional shape (ST70). 7, the structure is located in the downward direction with respect to the triangular virtual plane VP, so that all the points of the structure S are aligned with respect to the altitude value on the basis of the triangular virtual plane VP By moving the structure S, the structure S is positioned above the virtual plane VP. For example, when the elevation (altitude) based on the altitude of the elevation (virtual plane) is "100" and the height value of the structure (structure reference value) is "20", all the points forming the structure S "80 ".

That is, according to the embodiment, the height value of the structure is calculated while the structure is placed at the topographic position corresponding to the coordinate value in the three-dimensional topographic space to be visualized at present, irrespective of the terrain height value, The structure S having a certain altitude value is accurately and quickly positioned by moving the structure to correspond to the height of the terrain height of the current terrain.

In the above embodiment, a method of locating a structure in a geographical space having a predetermined resolution has been described. Generally, a terrain tile index is generated for each LOD level considering that a three-dimensional topographic space is stored and used as an LOD level, May be converted into a size corresponding to the LOD level and positioned at a position corresponding to the LOD level.

That is, the 3D terrain information providing apparatus 100 for carrying out the method of positioning the structure on the three-dimensional ground shape according to the present invention may further include an LOD module.

The LOD module calculates and stores a plurality of vertex coordinates of each polygon in a terrain tile constituting a plurality of polygons and calculates a detailed level value of the three-dimensional terrain of the terrain mesh data corresponding to the position information according to the user's point of view , Polygons converted into a two-dimensional coordinate system (for example, UV coordinate system) serving as a conversion reference are assigned to the tiles and prepared for rendering so as to texture the polygons in the three-dimensional space according to the detailed level value.

The UV coordinate system is a coordinate system for associating the image and the surface of the image when performing the image mapping, and is a coordinate that sets the relative position of the image separately for all the points constituting one surface of the terrain.

In order to smoothly manage large-sized data such as satellite images and aerial images in a 3D visualization system, the LOD divides one terrain data into several levels of resolution, and then displays the terrain mesh data at an appropriate resolution according to the user's viewpoint position to be.

That is, in the present invention, the LOD module converts input geospatial information to correspond to a predetermined LOD level and stores the geospatial information in the storage module 140, and the terrain generation module 110 converts the terrain spatial information And stores the tile index information in the storage module 140. [ At this time, the terrain generation module 110 may reduce the terrain tile unit to reduce the capacity of the lower level terrain.

Then, the structure combining module 120 converts and stores the structure information with a size corresponding to each LOD level, sets a reference point for the corresponding structure with respect to the LOD level, , The grid points around the structure reference point are extracted from the corresponding terrain tile and the altitude value of the structure is calculated using the intersection point between the plane formed by the grid point and the structure reference point, And is positioned at a high speed on the ground of the corresponding LOD level.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims It can be understood that

100: Three-dimensional terrain space output device,
110: terrain generation module,
120: structure coupling module,
130: control module,
140: Storage module.
T: terrain tile, P: lattice point,
S: structure, SR: structure reference point,
VL: virtual straight line component, VP: virtual plane
H: altitude value, Z: intersection point.

Claims (5)

Dimensional terrain information is divided into a grid unit of a predetermined size, and a plurality of terrain tiles constituting a plurality of grid points are partitioned, and index information composed of position information on each terrain tile is generated and stored Step,
A second step of extracting a reference point satisfying a predetermined condition among the three-dimensional boundary values of the structure in a state where the structure is positioned in correspondence with the coordinate value of the structure on the ground,
A third step of comparing a coordinate value of the reference point of the structure with the index information of the terrain tile to extract a terrain tile in which the reference point coordinate value of the structure is located,
A fourth step of extracting a lattice point around a reference point of the structure in the terrain tile extracted in the third step and calculating an altitude value of the structure using a vertical intersection point between the virtual plane corresponding to the lattice point and the structure reference point, ,
And a fifth step of moving all points of the structure with respect to the virtual plane by an altitude value to determine a positive position on the corresponding topography of the structure. How to do it. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the reference point of the structure in the second step is set as a lowest point of the structure. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the fourth step is configured to extract at least three or more neighboring lattice points surrounding the reference point of the structure and connect the neighboring lattice points to generate a virtual plane. Way. The method according to claim 1 or 3,
The fourth step includes the steps of generating two points based on the Z axis coordinate value by setting the Z axis coordinate value to a predetermined maximum value and minimum value with respect to the structure reference point made up of the X axis coordinate value and the Y axis coordinate value,
Connecting the two points to generate a virtual straight line component perpendicular to the virtual plane,
Extracting an intersection of the straight line component and the virtual plane,
And calculating an elevation value of the structure by a subtraction operation between the intersection and the structure reference point. The method according to claim 1,
Performing an operation of separating the topographic space corresponding to the LOD level and locating the structure through the first to fifth steps with respect to the topographic space corresponding to each LOD level,
And converting the size of the structure into a size corresponding to the LOD level to perform the operation described above.
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KR101770774B1 (en) * 2016-04-05 2017-08-24 인하대학교 산학협력단 The perpendicular distance physical map system between the bucket location and the current excavated face and calculation method of the distance
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CN113176420A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-07-27 国网北京市电力公司 Wind speed forecasting and correcting system for power grid tower point
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KR101770774B1 (en) * 2016-04-05 2017-08-24 인하대학교 산학협력단 The perpendicular distance physical map system between the bucket location and the current excavated face and calculation method of the distance
US10628999B2 (en) 2017-12-27 2020-04-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus with grid-based plane estimation
KR20210042569A (en) * 2019-10-10 2021-04-20 한국전자통신연구원 Apparatus and method for constructing space information
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KR102152879B1 (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-09-07 주식회사 씨엠월드 Method and apparatus for storing spatial information using 3D cube
CN111459934A (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-07-28 北京图创时代科技有限公司武汉分公司 Multi-source map data slicing system and method
CN111459934B (en) * 2020-03-19 2023-09-22 北京图创时代科技有限公司武汉分公司 Multi-source map data slicing system and method
CN113176420A (en) * 2021-02-08 2021-07-27 国网北京市电力公司 Wind speed forecasting and correcting system for power grid tower point
CN113176420B (en) * 2021-02-08 2024-03-12 国网北京市电力公司 Wind speed forecast correction system for power grid pole tower point
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