JP7149117B2 - Deformation scale measurement system and deformation scale measurement program - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a deformation scale measuring system and a deformation scale measuring program.

Conventionally, when measuring the size of deformation such as damage found in embankments, revetments and other river management facilities during river inspections, field surveying by workers, plotting using photogrammetry technology, or orthophotography and created 3D data to measure the size of the deformation.

However, field surveying by workers has limitations on the places that can be surveyed. Plotting using photogrammetric technology, orthophotos, and methods for measuring the size of deformations by creating 3D data are capable of high-precision measurement, but require high-performance measuring equipment. Therefore, the cost increases, and the amount of measured data becomes enormous, requiring a long processing time.

For example, in Patent Document 1 below, a plurality of visible light beams are irradiated from points with known three-dimensional coordinate values toward a survey surface, and the three-dimensional coordinate values of the irradiated plurality of visible light irradiation points A method of creating an orthographic projection image by calculating from coordinate values and using a photographed image photographed by a digital camera and a plurality of irradiated visible light irradiation points is disclosed.

However, when an orthographic projection image is created from a survey surface that cannot be irradiated with multiple visible light irradiation points or from irradiation points that do not take into account the features of the topography, it is not possible to create an orthographic projection image with high accuracy. Therefore, there is a problem that the magnitude of the deformation cannot be accurately measured from the created orthographic projection image.

JP 2009-186402 A

An object of the present invention is to provide a deformation scale measuring system and a deformation scale measuring program capable of measuring the scale of deformation with high precision at low cost.

In order to achieve the above object, one embodiment of the present invention is a deformation scale measuring system comprising deformation image data obtaining means for obtaining deformation image data which is image data of a deformation location; imaging distance data acquisition means for acquiring a distance from a point within the range of the deformed image data to the imaging device; terrain feature information acquisition means for acquiring terrain feature information in a target area of the deformed image data; and the imaging device angle of view acquisition means for acquiring the angle of view of the deformation image data, deformation range reception means for receiving a range of a deformation location for calculating a deformation area in the deformation image data, and deformation received by the deformation range reception means deformation area calculation means for calculating the area of the deformed portion based on the range of the location, the angle of view of the imaging device, and the terrain feature information acquired by the terrain feature information acquisition means. Characterized by

The deformation image data described above is preferably image data of a deformation location in a bank, a bank protection, or other river management facilities.

Further, the angle of view may be calculated by the angle of view obtaining means based on the focal length of the imaging device and the size of the image sensor.

Further, it is preferable that the distance acquired by the imaging distance data acquiring means is a distance measured by a laser rangefinder installed in the extension of the center of the imaging lens of the imaging device.

Moreover, it is preferable that the topographical feature information is inclination information of slopes of embankments, revetments and other river management facilities.

Further, a pixel length computing means for computing a length per pixel based on the distance acquired by the imaging distance data acquiring means, the angle of view, and the pixel size of the deformed image data, and the inclination information. pixel length correction means for correcting the length per pixel calculated by the pixel length calculation means based on Preferably, the length is used to calculate the area of the deformity.

Further, another embodiment of the present invention is a deformation scale measuring program, comprising: a computer comprising a deformation image data obtaining means for obtaining deformation image data which is image data of a deformation location; imaging distance data acquisition means for acquiring the distance from a point within the range to the imaging device, terrain feature information acquisition means for acquiring terrain feature information in the target area of the deformed image data, and acquisition of the angle of view of the imaging device a deformation area receiving means for receiving a range of a deformed portion for calculating a deformed area in the deformed image data; a range of the deformed portion received by the deformed range receiving means; It is characterized by functioning as deformation area calculation means for calculating the area of the deformed portion based on the angle of view of the device and the land feature information acquired by the land feature information acquisition means.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the deformation scale measuring system and deformation scale measuring program which can measure the scale of a deformation with high precision at low cost are realizable.

1 is a functional block diagram of an example of a deformation scale measuring system according to an embodiment; FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a method for calculating a size (deformation scale) of a deformed portion by a deformation area calculation unit according to the embodiment; FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a method for calculating the size of a deformed portion (deformation scale) when the surface to be measured is tilted with respect to the imaging direction by the deformed area calculator according to the embodiment; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a method of specifying a range of a deformed portion; FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a method of acquiring the inclination of the surface F of the measurement target O as the terrain feature information from the finished drawing (finished shape information) by the terrain feature information acquisition unit according to the embodiment; It is a flowchart of an operation example of the deformation scale measurement system according to the embodiment.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereafter, the form (henceforth embodiment) for implementing this invention is demonstrated according to drawing.

FIG. 1 shows a functional block diagram of an example of a deformation scale measuring system according to an embodiment. In FIG. 1, the deformation scale measurement system 100 includes a deformation image data acquisition unit 10, an imaging distance data acquisition unit 12, a topography feature information acquisition unit 14, an angle of view acquisition unit 16, a deformation range reception unit 18, a deformation area It includes a calculation unit 20 , a pixel length calculation unit 22 , a pixel length correction unit 24 , a display control unit 26 , a communication unit 28 , a storage unit 30 and a CPU 32 . The deformation scale measuring system 100 includes a CPU 32, a ROM, a RAM, a nonvolatile memory, I/O, a communication interface, etc., and is configured as a computer that controls the entire device and performs various calculations. For example, it is implemented by the CPU 32 and a program that controls the processing operation of the CPU 32 .

The deformed image data acquisition unit 10 acquires deformed image data, which is image data of a deformed portion. Here, the deformed portion means a damaged portion such as a crack, depression, subsidence, or the like in a bank, revetment, or other river management facilities, or a collapse of a mountain slope (clump). Further, the deformation image data is image data of a deformation location photographed by an imaging device such as a digital camera. The deformed image data acquisition unit 10 obtains the image data by reading out the image data directly from a digital camera, by receiving image data transmitted from an appropriate server computer via the communication unit 28, by using a flash memory, a disk device, or the like. It is acquired by a method of reading from a storage device or the like, and stored in the storage unit 30 .

The imaging distance data acquisition unit 12 acquires the distance from a point within the range of the deformed image data to the imaging device. Further, the distance from the point to the imaging device is a distance measured by a laser distance measuring device installed in an imaging device such as a digital camera, and the imaging distance data acquisition unit 12 acquires the deformation image data at the same time. and store it in the storage unit 30.

The terrain feature information acquisition unit 14 acquires the terrain feature information in the target area of the deformed image data and stores it in the storage unit 30 . Here, the terrain feature information is information about the features of the terrain in the target area of the deformation image data. etc. are included. The inclination angle of the slopes of levees, revetments and other river management facilities can be obtained from the completion drawing (finished shape information) of the facility, and the shape of the slope of the mountain can be obtained from the digital terrain model (DTM) of the area concerned. slope information (angle of inclination) and the like. The obtained terrain feature information is stored in the storage unit 30 as three-dimensional data with position information such as grid data and TIN data.

The angle of view acquisition unit 16 acquires the angle of view of an imaging device such as a digital camera and stores it in the storage unit 30 . The angle of view of the imaging device may be obtained by the angle of view acquisition unit 16 from information output from an imaging device such as a digital camera, or the user may obtain the angle of view at the time of shooting from a keyboard, a pointing device such as a mouse, or a touch panel. A configuration may be adopted in which the angle of view acquisition unit 16 acquires the angle of view by inputting it using an appropriate input means such as the above. Alternatively, the angle of view acquisition unit 16 may calculate and acquire the focal length of the imaging device and the image sensor size.

The deformation range reception unit 18 receives and stores a region on the deformation image specified by the user as a deformation area range (deformation range) for which the deformation area is to be calculated in the deformation image data. stored in the unit 30; In this case, the deformation range reception unit 18 reads out the deformation image data acquired by the deformation image data acquisition unit 10 from the storage unit 30, and transmits the deformation image represented by the deformation image data via the display control unit 26. Displayed on a liquid crystal display device or other appropriate display device, the user designates a deformation range on the screen of the display device by appropriate input means such as a keyboard, a pointing device such as a mouse, a touch panel, etc. The receiving unit 18 may be configured to receive the designated deformation range.

The deformation area calculation unit 20 receives the range of the deformation location received by the deformation range receiving unit 18, the angle of view of the imaging device obtained by the angle of view obtaining unit 16, and the terrain characteristic information obtaining unit 14. The landform characteristic information and the landform feature information thus obtained are read out from the storage unit 30, and the area of the deformed portion is calculated based on these. A method for calculating the area of the deformed portion will be described later. The calculated area of the deformed portion is stored in the storage unit 30 .

The pixel length calculation unit 22 calculates the distance acquired by the imaging distance data acquisition unit 12, the angle of view acquired by the angle of view acquisition unit 16, and the deformed image data acquired by the deformed image data acquisition unit 10. Based on the pixel size (the total number of pixels in the vertical and horizontal directions of the image), the actual length per pixel in the target area of the deformed image data is calculated and stored in the storage section 30 . A calculation method will be described later.

The pixel length correction unit 24 reads out the actual length per pixel in the target area calculated by the pixel length calculation unit 22 from the storage unit 30, and corrects the length of one pixel based on the slope information as the terrain feature information. The hit length is corrected, and the corrected value is stored in the storage unit 30. - 特許庁

The display control unit 26 displays the deformation image displayed by the deformation range reception unit 18, the area of the deformation location calculated by the deformation area calculation unit 20, and the like by controlling a liquid crystal display device or other suitable display device. do.

The communication unit 28 is composed of an appropriate interface, and is used by the CPU 32 to exchange data such as deformed image data with an external server or the like via a wireless or wired communication line.

The storage unit 30 is composed of a non-volatile memory such as a hard disk device and a solid state drive (SSD), and stores information necessary for each process performed by the ground surface deformation visualization device, such as the above-mentioned various information and the operation program of the CPU 32. Memorize. The storage unit 30 includes a digital versatile disk (DVD), a compact disk (CD), a magneto-optical disk (MO), a flexible disk (FD), a magnetic tape, an electrically erasable and rewritable read-only memory ( EEPROM), flash memory, etc. may be used. The storage unit 30 includes a random access memory (RAM) that mainly functions as a work area for the CPU 32, and a read-only memory (ROM) that stores control programs such as BIOS and other data used by the CPU 32. preferred.

FIGS. 2(a), (b), and (c) show explanatory diagrams of a method for calculating the size (deformation scale) of a deformed portion by the deformation area calculator 20 according to the embodiment. In FIG. 2(a), a digital camera D, which is an imaging device, photographs a deformation location from a point at a distance H ₀ to an object for measurement of the deformation scale (embankment, revetment and other river management facilities) O. there is The image data of the deformed portion photographed by the digital camera D is obtained by the deformed image data obtaining section 10 . Here, the distance _H0 is the distance on the optical axis from the camera center C of the digital camera D to the object O to be measured. Further, the laser distance measuring device Ml installed in the digital camera D measures the distance H from the laser irradiation opening to the measurement object O. FIG. This distance H is acquired by the imaging distance data acquisition unit 12 . Note that the laser rangefinder Ml is installed so that H ₀ =H. Also, the distance from the camera center C of the digital camera D to the point B within the deformed portion is indicated by Lxy. The angle of view in the vertical direction (vertical direction) of the digital camera D is indicated by α, and the angle of view in the horizontal direction is indicated by β.

As described above, the digital camera D is provided with the laser rangefinder Ml for measuring the distance to the object O to be measured. FIG. 2(b) shows the relationship between the digital camera D and the laser rangefinder Ml installed therein. In FIG. 2(b), a laser rangefinder Ml is installed at a distance lc extending obliquely upward to the left from the camera center C (the center of the photographing lens) of the digital camera D. As shown in FIG. Note that the vertical distance between the camera center C and the laser rangefinder Ml is indicated by lcy, and the horizontal distance is indicated by lcx. Further, the distance H to the measurement target O measured by the laser rangefinder Ml is the distance on a line parallel to the optical axis.

FIG. 2(c) shows the positional relationship of each point viewed from behind the digital camera D. As shown in FIG. Note that the example of FIG. 2C shows the positions when each point is projected onto the plane of the measurement target O, and it is assumed that the plane of the measurement target O is parallel to the vertical direction. In FIG. 2C, the Py axis is set in the vertical direction of the digital camera D, and the Px is set in the horizontal direction as the coordinate axes, and the length is represented by the number of pixels of the image of the digital camera D, respectively. Therefore, the plane of the measurement object O is a plane on the image taken by the digital camera D. As shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2(c), the coordinates of the camera center of the digital camera D are represented by the origin (0, 0), and the coordinates of the point B within the deformed portion are represented by (x, y). Let dα be the angle of view per pixel in the vertical direction, and dβ be the angle of view per pixel in the horizontal direction.

However, Y and X are the total number of pixels of the image captured by the digital camera D in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively, and correspond to the pixel size used by the pixel length calculator 22 .

Assuming that y=0 at the coordinates (x, y) of point B, the actual length Lxy×dα in the vertical direction of measurement object O per pixel in the image of the deformed portion is

となる。

becomes.

Also, the actual horizontal length Lxy×dβ per pixel of the measurement object O is

となる。

becomes.

Here, if y≠0, the above Lxy×dα and Lxy×dβ are respectively

となる。

becomes.

The pixel length calculator 22 calculates the actual length of each pixel in the measurement object O in the vertical and horizontal directions described above.

When y ≠ 0, the angle between Lxy and a straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to the surface of the object to be measured O (the straight line representing the distance indicated by H ₀ in Fig. 2(a)) is (dα xy).

The deformation area calculation unit 20 reads the range of the deformation location received by the deformation range receiving unit 18 from the storage unit 30, integrates the number of pixels within the range of the deformation location, and calculates the number of pixels in the vertical and horizontal directions. Using the actual area of the measurement target O per pixel obtained from the actual lengths Lxy×dα and Lxy×dβ per pixel, the area of the designated deformed portion is calculated. A specific example of how to specify the range of the deformed portion will be described later.

In FIG. 3, the deformation area calculation unit 20 calculates the size of the deformation portion (deformation scale) when the surface to be measured is inclined with respect to the photographing direction and has an inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane. An illustration of how to do so is shown. In FIG. 3, the inclination of the surface F of the object to be measured O is inclination information acquired in advance by the terrain feature information acquisition unit 14 from the finished drawing (finished shape information), and the deformation area calculation unit 20 reads it from the storage unit 30. to use.

In the example of FIG. 3, the distance between the measurement object O and the surface F photographed by the digital camera D is indicated by H, the distance from the camera center of the digital camera D to the measurement object O, and the camera center of the digital camera D to a point B in the deformed portion on the surface F of the measurement object O is indicated by Lxy. Also, the difference between Lxy and H is indicated by ΔH. The distance H is the distance measured by the laser rangefinder Ml.

The pixel length correction unit 24 calculates the actual number of pixels per pixel in the measurement object O in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction when the surface of the measurement object O is parallel to the vertical direction, as calculated by the pixel length calculation unit 22. are corrected as follows using ΔH.

Note that (Lxy×dα)c and (Lxy×dβ)c are actual lengths per pixel at the point B, and are values after correction.

As described above, the deformation area calculation unit 20 uses the number of pixels within the range of the deformation location and (Lxy×dα)c and (Lxy×dβ)c to calculate the area of the designated deformation location. to calculate

FIG. 4 shows an explanatory diagram of how to specify the range of the deformed portion. In FIG. 4, the deformed portion Ah is displayed on a liquid crystal display device or other appropriate display device, and the user can view the deformed portion Ah using appropriate input means such as a keyboard, a pointing device such as a mouse, or a touch panel. A range (for example, a boundary line between a deformed portion and a normal portion) is traced on the screen to designate a region on the deformed image. Note that an image recognition process may be executed from the feature amount of the image of the deformed portion, and the region on the deformed image may be specified using software for separating from other regions (normal portions). Alternatively, the feature amount of the image of the deformed portion may be grouped for each feature amount, and the regions divided into each group may be used as the deformed portion. The deformation range accepting unit 18 accepts the region on the deformed image specified as described above and stores it in the storage unit 30 .

FIG. 5 shows an explanatory diagram of a method for the terrain feature information acquisition unit 14 to acquire the inclination of the surface F of the measurement target O as the terrain feature information from the finished drawing (finished shape information). In FIG. 5, the slope of each face F is represented by 1:n. The user inputs the above n from an input means such as a keyboard, and the terrain feature information acquisition unit 14 calculates and acquires the gradient θ based on the following equation.

Alternatively, the value of θ may be directly input.

In the above case, it is necessary to specify which surface F the gradient is. may be input as a parameter when calculating the area of . The input slope (inclination angle) is received by the terrain feature information acquisition unit 14 and stored in the storage unit 30 .

FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of an operation example of the deformation scale measuring system 100 according to the embodiment. In FIG. 6, a deformation image data acquisition unit 10 acquires image data of a deformation location photographed by an imaging device such as a digital camera (S1), and an imaging distance data acquisition unit 12 captures images within the range of the deformation image data. A distance (imaging distance H) from a certain point to the imaging device is acquired (S2).

Further, the terrain feature information acquisition unit 14 acquires terrain feature information in the target area of the deformed image data (S3). As described above, the terrain feature information is information such as slope information (inclination angle) of slopes of embankments, revetments and other river management facilities, and information such as the shape of mountain slopes.

Also, the angle-of-view acquisition unit 16 acquires the angle of view of the imaging device such as a digital camera input by the user (S4).

Next, the deformation range reception unit 18 causes the display control unit 26 to display the deformation image represented by the deformation image data on a liquid crystal display device or other appropriate display device, and the user can display the deformation image on the screen as appropriate. The deformation range specified by the input means is accepted (S5).

The deformation area calculation unit 20 receives the range of the deformation location received by the deformation range receiving unit 18, the angle of view of the imaging device obtained by the angle of view obtaining unit 16, and the terrain characteristic information obtaining unit 14. The area of the deformed portion is calculated based on the land feature information obtained (S6).

The program for executing each step in FIG. 6 described above can be stored in a recording medium, or the program can be provided by communication means. In that case, for example, the program described above may be regarded as an invention of a "computer-readable recording medium on which a program is recorded" or an invention of a "data signal."

10 deformation image data acquisition unit 12 imaging distance data acquisition unit 14 topography feature information acquisition unit 16 angle of view acquisition unit 18 deformation range reception unit 20 deformation area calculation unit 22 pixel length calculation unit 24 Pixel length correction unit 26 Display control unit 28 Communication unit 30 Storage unit 32 CPU 100 Deformation scale measurement system.

Claims (4)

a deformed image data obtaining means for obtaining deformed image data, which is image data of a deformed portion;
imaging distance data acquisition means for acquiring a distance from a point within the range of the deformed image data to an imaging device;
terrain feature information acquiring means for acquiring terrain feature information , which is inclination information of slopes of river management facilities or inclination information of mountain slopes in the target area of the deformed image data;
an angle of view acquisition means for acquiring an angle of view of the imaging device;
Deformation range receiving means for receiving a range of a deformed portion for calculating a deformed area in the deformed image data;
pixel length calculation means for calculating the length per pixel based on the distance acquired by the imaging distance data acquisition means, the angle of view, and the pixel size of the deformed image data;
pixel length correction means for correcting the length per pixel calculated by the pixel length calculation means based on the tilt information;
The area of the deformed portion is calculated based on the range of the deformed portion accepted by the deformed range accepting means, the angle of view of the imaging device, and the pixel length corrected by the pixel length correcting means . deformation area calculation means;
A deformation scale measurement system comprising: 2. The deformation scale measuring system according to claim 1, wherein said deformation image data is image data of a deformation location in said river management facility. 3. The deformation scale measuring system according to claim 1, wherein said angle of view is calculated by said angle of view obtaining means based on a focal length of said imaging device and an image sensor size. the computer,
Deformed image data obtaining means for obtaining deformed image data, which is image data of a deformed portion;
imaging distance data acquisition means for acquiring a distance from a point within the range of the deformed image data to an imaging device;
terrain feature information acquisition means for acquiring terrain feature information , which is inclination information of slopes of river management facilities or inclination information of mountain slopes in the target area of the deformed image data;
an angle-of-view acquiring means for acquiring an angle of view of the imaging device;
Deformation range receiving means for receiving a range of a deformed portion for calculating a deformed area in the deformed image data;
Pixel length calculation means for calculating the length per pixel based on the distance acquired by the imaging distance data acquisition means, the angle of view, and the pixel size of the deformed image data;
pixel length correction means for correcting the length per pixel calculated by the pixel length calculation means based on the tilt information;
The area of the deformed portion is calculated based on the range of the deformed portion accepted by the deformed range accepting means, the angle of view of the imaging device, and the pixel length corrected by the pixel length correcting means . deformation area calculation means,
A deformation scale measurement program that functions as a

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