JP2013186719A - Power generation potential evaluation device and power generation potential evaluation program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generation potential evaluation device and a power generation potential evaluation program which facilitate evaluation of power generation potential of roofs for a large number of buildings in a wide rage, such as municipalities, and also extract only roofs with no solar panel installed for efficient evaluation.SOLUTION: A power generation potential evaluation device includes surface layer model storage means, contour line storage means, building model extraction means, roof surface model extraction means, landform image storage means, template storage means, power generation device extraction means, roof surface model selection means, shape calculation means, and potential evaluation means.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for evaluating the potential of solar power generation, and more specifically to a power generation potential evaluation apparatus and a power generation potential evaluation program for evaluating the power generation potential of a building roof.

  In recent years, environmental destruction due to global warming has progressed, and global environmental conservation has become a global and urgent issue. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol was signed, and many countries are actively tackling this issue, including the establishment of greenhouse gas reduction targets.

  In Japan, measures to reduce greenhouse gases have been implemented by public and private sectors. One of them is nuclear power generation. In addition to its power generation, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions is extremely small compared to the so-called fossil energy generation, and so the conventional power generation method has been switched to nuclear power generation.

  On the other hand, Japan is known as an earthquake-prone country. In recent years, major earthquakes such as the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake, the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake, and the Niigata-ken Chuetsu Earthquake have occurred and have suffered enormous damage each time. . In particular, the recent Great East Japan Earthquake caused immeasurable damage due to the tsunami, and also caused an accident in which a large amount of radioactive material leaked due to damage to the reactor at the Fukushima nuclear power plant. As a result, the public's concerns about nuclear power generation increased, with the area surrounding the nuclear power plant becoming a warning zone.

  Therefore, it is expected to escape from excessive dependence on nuclear energy and to actively use safe energy. Renewable energy attracts the most attention as safe energy, and its representative is sunlight.

  In recent years, efforts in the industry have already progressed, such as the installation of 1 MW-class solar power generation facilities (mega solar power plants) by private companies. In addition, the installation of solar power generation equipment (so-called solar panels) is spreading in many houses, commercial facilities, and public facilities (hereinafter collectively referred to as “buildings”). It is transforming into a power generation means.

  When solar panels are installed on a sloped roof of a building, the amount of received sunlight varies depending on the inclination angle of the roof surface (angle formed with the horizontal plane) and the direction of inclination (perpendicular to the intersecting line with the horizontal plane). The maximum amount obtained (hereinafter referred to as “power generation potential”) is different. Naturally, if the same number of solar panels of the same standard are installed, it is possible to generate electricity more efficiently by installing them on the roof surface where the power generation potential is high. Therefore, it is extremely meaningful to evaluate the power generation potential of the building roof in advance when installing solar panels.

  Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for predicting the annual power generation amount using the latitude, longitude, house azimuth of the house, etc. as input values and arranging an efficient solar cell panel.

JP 2011-216604 A

  As described above, in Patent Document 1, the latitude, longitude, house azimuth, or roof azimuth of a house is input in order to predict the annual power generation amount. In other words, the target house is specified, and the position and orientation of the roof must be known. However, for example, if the power generation amount of all buildings within a certain range, such as a municipality, is predicted, the technique of Patent Document 1 must be repeated for the number of existing houses. This requires significant time and effort. Even more, if you measure the position and direction of a house one house at a time, it's hard to say that it is a practical method.

  In order to efficiently evaluate the power generation potential of a roof for a large number of buildings, a “surface model is a digital surface model (DSM)” or “a surface model is a digital elevation model” based on three-dimensional spatial information. (DEM: Digital Elevation Model) can be considered. However, when the roof surface is modeled by DSM or DEM, it cannot be determined whether or not a solar panel is already installed on the roof. Considering the current situation in which solar panels are installed on many building roofs, it is more efficient to estimate the potential for power generation potential by extracting only the roofs without solar panels. The surface model covers all roof surfaces regardless of the installation status of solar panels.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above problem, that is, to easily evaluate the power generation potential of the roof for a large number of buildings in a wide area such as municipalities, and only the roof on which no solar panel is installed. The object is to provide a power generation potential evaluation apparatus and a power generation potential evaluation program that are extracted and evaluated efficiently.

  The present invention focuses on evaluating the power generation potential of a building roof using a topographic model based on three-dimensional spatial information such as DSM and DEM and an image such as an aerial photograph. It is an invention made based on the idea.

  The power generation potential evaluation apparatus of the present invention comprises a surface layer model storage means, an outline storage means, a building model extraction means, a roof surface model extraction means, a terrain image storage means, a template storage means, a power generation device extraction means, a roof surface model selection means, A shape calculating means and a potential evaluating means are provided. The contents of each means are as follows. The surface layer model storage means stores a surface layer model representing the surface shape of the target area in three dimensions. The outline storage means stores a building outline model representing the planar shape of the building in the target area. The building model extracting means extracts a range enclosed by the building outline model from the surface layer model as a building model. The roof surface model extracting means extracts the roof surface from the building model as a roof surface model for each inclined surface. The topographic image storage means stores a topographic image of the target area. The template storage means stores an image of the solar power generation device as a template. The power generation device extraction means extracts a solar power generation device installed in the target area by collating the topographic image of the target area with the template. The roof surface model selection means is classified into the existing roof surface model including the solar power generation apparatus extracted by the power generation device extraction means and the non-installed roof surface model excluding the existing roof surface model. It is. The shape calculation means calculates the geometric shape of the inclined surface with respect to the non-installed roof surface model. The potential evaluation means evaluates the power generation potential based on the geometric shape of the non-installed roof surface model.

  The power generation potential evaluation apparatus according to the present invention may include a ground surface model storage unit instead of the outline storage unit. The ground surface model storage means stores a ground surface model obtained by removing a building from the surface layer model. The building model extraction means in this case extracts the difference between the surface layer model and the ground surface model as a building model.

  In the power generation potential evaluation device of the present invention, the power generation device extraction means is configured so that the template shape (size and shape) and / or color information (shadow, color tone, texture, pattern, correlation with surrounding imaging, surrounding imaging, Or a combination thereof), the photovoltaic power generation apparatus can be extracted.

  The power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention includes a surface model reading process, an outline reference process, a building model extraction process, a roof surface model extraction process, a topographic image reading process, a template reference process, a power generation device extraction process, a roof surface model classification process, A shape calculation process and a potential evaluation process are provided. The contents of each means are as follows. The surface layer model reading process reads a surface layer model that represents the surface shape of the target area in three dimensions. The outline reference process refers to a building outline model that represents the planar shape of a building in the target area. In the building model extraction process, the range surrounded by the building outline model in the surface layer model is extracted as a building model. The roof surface model extraction process is to extract a roof surface from a building model as a roof surface model for each inclined surface. The topographic image reading process reads a topographic image of the target area. The template reference process refers to an image of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus as a template. The power generation device extraction processing is to extract a solar power generation device installed in the target area by collating the topographic image of the target area with the template. In the roof surface model classification process, the roof surface model including the solar power generation device extracted by the power generation device extraction means is used as the existing roof surface model, and the roof surface model excluding the existing roof surface model is selected. It will be a non-installed roof surface model. The shape calculation process is to calculate the geometric shape of the inclined surface with respect to the non-installed roof surface model. In the potential evaluation process, the power generation potential is evaluated based on the geometric shape of the uninstalled roof surface model.

  The power generation potential evaluation program according to the present invention may include a ground surface model reading process instead of the outline reference process. The surface model storage means reads out a surface model excluding buildings from the surface layer model. In this case, the building model extraction process extracts a difference between the surface model and the ground model as a building model.

  In the power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention, the power generation device extraction processing is a combination of template shape (size and shape) and / or color information (shadow, color tone, texture, pattern, correlation with surrounding imaging, and surrounding imaging. The photovoltaic power generation device may be extracted based on the relationship or a combination thereof.

The power generation potential evaluation apparatus and power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention have the following effects.
(1) The power generation potential can be evaluated for a large number of buildings at once. For example, since the power generation potential of a building can be evaluated over the entire administrative area, it is efficient and versatile.
(2) Since the roof surface on which the solar power generation apparatus is already installed can be excluded, it is possible to efficiently estimate the room for the power generation potential, and the burden on the arithmetic processing is small.
(3) When extracting the power generation device, template shape (size and shape) and color information (shadow, color tone, texture, pattern, mutual relationship with surrounding imaging, composite relationship with surrounding imaging, or a combination thereof ), The extraction accuracy is further improved.

Explanatory drawing which shows the measurement condition by an aviation laser. The model figure explaining "surface". The model figure explaining "the ground surface". The block diagram explaining the building model extraction means and roof surface model extraction means using a building outline model. Figure of the building outline model superimposed on the surface layer model and the building model surrounded by the building outline model extracted The block diagram explaining the building model extraction means and roof surface model extraction means using a ground surface model. The top view which shows the building which has the some roof surface from which an inclination angle and the direction of inclination differ. The block diagram explaining a power generator extraction means. The block diagram explaining a roof surface model selection means, a shape calculation means, and a potential evaluation means. (A) is an explanatory diagram for explaining a situation in which a solar panel is superimposed on a roof surface model and the entire solar panel is included in the outer shape of the roof, and (b) is a solar panel superimposed on the roof surface model. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the condition where only a part of was included in the roof external shape.

  An example of an embodiment of a power generation potential evaluation apparatus and a power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1. Overview of the present invention The present invention evaluates the potential of photovoltaic power generation that covers many buildings in a certain range (hereinafter referred to as “target area”) such as municipalities and prefectures. To do. Since many buildings are handled at a time, three-dimensional spatial information representing the topography is used. Therefore, first, three-dimensional spatial information will be described.

  The three-dimensional spatial information is information composed of points, lines, surfaces, or combinations thereof having plane coordinate values and height information. Further, the plane coordinate value is represented by latitude and longitude or X and Y coordinates, and the height means a vertical distance from a predetermined reference horizontal plane such as an altitude. This three-dimensional spatial information can be created by various means. For example, it can be created based on a set of two stereo aerial photographs (satellite photographs), created by aerial laser measurement or satellite radar measurement, or can be created by surveying the site directly.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a measurement situation by an aviation laser. As shown in this figure, the aviation laser measurement is performed by flying the aircraft 2 over the terrain 1 to be measured and receiving the reflection of the laser 3 irradiated on the terrain 1 during the flight. According to this method, three-dimensional spatial information composed of many point groups can be acquired by one measurement.

  The three-dimensional spatial information created on the basis of stereo aerial photographs and aerial laser measurements usually represents a “surface”. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the surface means the upper surface of a feature that stands on the ground, such as a green object such as a forest or farmland, or a building. On the other hand, the “ground surface” means a surface after removing green objects or buildings, that is, the ground as shown in FIG. Here, a “surface model” represents the “surface” with three-dimensional spatial information, and a “ground model” represents the “surface” with three-dimensional spatial information. Note that DSM is known as a representative surface model, and DEM is also known as a typical surface model.

  In order to create a ground surface model, processing for removing green objects and buildings from the surface layer model, so-called filtering processing, is performed. The filtering process is a well-known technique, and recognizes and excludes objects that meet a predetermined condition as green objects or buildings. This process is generally executed by a computer using general-purpose software.

  Next, an outline of the present invention will be described. The present invention can be broadly divided into three categories: extraction of a roof surface of a building, extraction of a roof surface where a photovoltaic power generation device (hereinafter referred to as “solar panel”) is not yet installed, and evaluation of power generation potential. be able to.

  In the extraction of the roof surface of a building, the surface layer model described above is used. A part representing a building from the surface model is partially extracted as a “building model”, and a part representing a roof surface from the “building model” is partially extracted as a “roof surface model”.

  The roof surface without solar panels is extracted using terrain images taken from above, such as aerial photographs and satellite photographs. Moreover, the shape and image of a solar panel are prepared as a template, and the thing matched with the template from the topographic image is recognized as a solar panel. Next, the position and shape of the solar panel recognized in the topographic image are obtained.

  By comparing the power generation potential evaluation, the roof surface model and the position and shape of the solar panel, the solar panel is classified into the roof surface that has already been installed and the roof surface that has not been installed. Thus, the inclination angle and the inclination direction are obtained, and the power generation potential is evaluated for each roof surface based on these values.

  Hereinafter, each element will be described in detail. The technical content of the present invention will be described with an example of the power generation potential evaluation device, and the content specific to the power generation potential evaluation program will be described later.

2. Roof surface extraction (surface model storage means)
FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining the building model extraction means and the roof surface model extraction means using the building outline model. As shown in this figure, the building model extraction means uses a surface layer model storage means and an outline storage means. The surface layer model storage means stores the above-described “surface layer model”, and is specifically a storage medium such as a hard disk of a computer or a CD-ROM. That is, the surface layer model is formed in a data format that can be processed by a computer. The surface layer model used here may be created for the present invention, but of course, if there is a ready-made one, it can be used.

(Outline storage means)
The outline storage means stores a “building outline model” and is a storage medium such as a hard disk of a computer or a CD-ROM, like the surface model storage means. Here, the “building outline model” represents the outline of a building by at least two-dimensional spatial information, and does not necessarily have height information. The outline of this building is created based on fences and fences built at the boundary of the site, or a frame line that can be obtained as a result of projecting the roof onto a horizontal plane, and generally, an aerial photograph or topographic map is visually observed. While being created. Of course, it is also possible to recognize an aerial photograph and have a computer automatically generate the outline of the building as an edge from the image, and use this edge to create a building outline model. However, even in this case, a human visual inspection is necessary. The building outline model used here may be created for the present invention, but of course, if there is a ready-made one, it can be used. In the digital mapping according to the public survey work regulations, this building outline model is created, and codes 3001 to 3004 are added and stored in the numerical topographic map data file (DM data file). Similar to the surface layer model, the building outline model is formed in a data format that can be processed by a computer.

(Building model extraction means)
The building model extraction means causes the computer to process using software. First, the surface layer model is read from the surface layer model storage means, and the building outline model is read from the outline storage means. Next, a surface layer model surrounded by a building outline model is extracted. Specifically, those within the range of the two-dimensional space information of the building outline model are extracted. The extracted one is called “building model” here. FIG. 5 is a diagram in which a building outline model is superimposed on the surface model and a building model surrounded by the building outline model is extracted. Since the building model constitutes a part of the surface layer model, it naturally consists of three-dimensional spatial information, and usually many are obtained depending on the target area (FIG. 4).

  The building model extraction means can also extract a building model using a ground model instead of the building outline model. FIG. 6 is a block diagram for explaining a building model extracting unit and a roof surface model extracting unit using a ground surface model. As described above, the ground surface model is obtained by removing the green cover and the building from the surface layer model by the filtering process. Therefore, a green cover and a building can be extracted as three-dimensional space information by computing the difference between the surface layer model and the ground surface model with a computer. Among these, those that meet a predetermined condition, for example, those that fall within a predetermined height, those that have a predetermined area, and the like are extracted as buildings. Alternatively, it is possible to cause the roof surface model extracting means described below to process all the values obtained by the difference without distinguishing between the green cover and the building as “building models”. The ground surface model is stored in the ground surface model storage means.

(Roof surface model extraction means)
The roof surface model extracting means causes the computer to process using software. First, a large number of building models extracted by the roof surface model extracting means are read out. Then, an independent inclined roof surface is extracted from each building model. As shown in FIG. 7, even the roof of the same building may be composed of a plurality of roof surfaces having different inclination angles and inclination directions. Here, those having different inclination angles and inclination directions are referred to as independent inclined roof surfaces. In the case of FIG. 7, the north roof surface 4N whose inclination direction is substantially north, and the inclination direction is generally southward. The south side roof surface 4S which is the direction, the east side roof surface 4E whose direction of inclination is generally eastward, and the west side roof surface 4W whose direction of inclination is generally westward are independent inclined roof surfaces.

  Techniques for extracting a surface from three-dimensional space information of a building model have been conventionally performed by various methods, and the conventional techniques can be used here as well. As a prior art, for example, region growing (region expansion) can be exemplified. An area called “surface” is formed by finding a point on an approximately same plane with respect to peripheral points from an arbitrary point. As a method for determining whether or not they are substantially on the same plane, various methods such as setting a gradient between two points within a predetermined threshold can be employed.

  In addition, it is also possible to form a small unit surface from the three-dimensional space information, and gather adjacent unit surfaces on substantially the same surface to form one “surface” region. In this case, whether or not the unit surfaces are substantially on the same plane can be determined by approximating the inclination angle and the inclination direction of the unit surfaces (the difference is within a predetermined threshold). As a method for forming a small unit surface from three-dimensional spatial information, various conventional methods can be adopted in addition to the method based on TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network).

3. Extraction of roof surface without solar panels (terrain image storage means)
FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating the power generation device extraction unit. As shown in this figure, the power generation device extraction means uses terrain image storage means and template storage means. The terrain image storage means stores a “terrain image”, and specifically, is a storage medium such as a hard disk of a computer or a CD-ROM. That is, the terrain image is formed in a data format that can be processed by a computer.

  The terrain image was taken from the sky over the entire target area such as aerial photographs and satellite photographs as described above, and the captured images can be used as they are, and distortion is corrected by orthographic projection on DSM and DEM. It can also be used as a so-called photographic map (ortho image). Furthermore, it can also be used as True Ortho (registered trademark) that has been corrected to be more realistic. The terrain image used here may be taken and acquired for the present invention, but of course, if there is an existing one, it can also be used.

(Template storage means)
The template storage means prepares the shape and image of the solar panel as a template and stores the template. Specifically, the template storage means is a storage medium such as a computer hard disk or CD-ROM. That is, the template is formed in a data format that can be processed by a computer.

  Templates are created based on various solar panels currently distributed, and it is desirable to create as many types of solar panels as possible. Further, as a template format, it is possible to set a frame line or a surface by focusing only on the shape, or an image format by focusing on a color or a material. Or it can also be set as a combination of a frame, a surface, and an image. When the template is a frame or surface, it is represented by a two-dimensional figure, and when it is an image format, it is represented by a pixel value such as RGB, CMYK, or NCS. In addition, when paying attention to the color of the solar panel, it is expressed by a pixel value consisting of hue, saturation, and lightness, and when paying attention to the material of the solar panel, the shadow formed by the uneven surface is expressed as luminance (lightness). Can do.

  The solar panel appearing in the terrain image changes into various shapes depending on the installation angle (the inclination angle of the roof). Therefore, when creating a template based on a shape, it is desirable to prepare templates corresponding to various shapes assuming an installation angle.

(Power generation device extraction means)
The power generation device extraction means causes the computer to process using software. First, a terrain image is read from the terrain image storage means. Next, the template is read from the template storage means. If there are a plurality of templates, all the templates are read sequentially.

  Each read template is compared with the terrain image, and an image portion that matches or approximates the template is extracted. The extracted image part is recognized as a solar panel. In addition, when the template is created based on the shape, so-called pattern matching can be used. In this case, the contour of the feature is automatically generated as an edge from the topographic image in advance based on the difference in brightness and color (hue, saturation, and brightness). The edge is compared with the template, and matching or approximation is determined based on a predetermined condition (threshold value). This process is repeated for the number of stored templates.

  On the other hand, when the template is created as an image, matching can be performed based on the color information. This matching process can be performed using a conventionally used image technique. For example, a method of comparing pixel values such as RGB for each pixel and determining that the number of pixels matching (or approximating) the pixel value of the template is equal to or greater than a predetermined number (predetermined ratio) and matched (matched) with the template Is mentioned. This can be determined by extracting different pixels in the image. Also in this case, the process is repeated for the number of stored templates.

  As shown in FIG. 8, when the extracted image part is recognized as a solar panel, spatial information is given to the solar panel in the topographic image. Specifically, plane coordinates (latitude / longitude and plane rectangular coordinates) are given to points constituting the outer shape of the solar panel. For example, if the terrain image has plane coordinates in advance (corresponding to the plane coordinates) by an adjustment calculation based on external orientation elements (for example, by GPS or IMU) and aerial triangulation, the plane coordinates are easily displayed on the solar panel. Can be granted. On the other hand, if the terrain image does not have a plane coordinate, it corresponds to the plane coordinate by the following method. In other words, the terrain image is provided with plane coordinates by projective transformation of the terrain image coordinates to the surface layer model on the real coordinates based on the central projection geometric model using the external orientation required when acquiring the terrain image (plane Can correspond to coordinates).

  As shown in FIG. 8, when plane coordinates are given to points constituting the outer shape of the solar panel recognized in the topographic image, it is possible to grasp where this solar panel is located in the surface layer model, The outline can also be grasped.

4). Evaluation of power generation potential (roof model selection means)
FIG. 9 is a block diagram for explaining the roof surface model selection means, shape calculation means, and potential evaluation means. The roof surface model selection means causes the computer to process using software. First, the roof surface model is read from the roof surface model storage means. Next, the solar panel extracted by the power generation device extraction means and its plane coordinates are read out. The solar panel and its plane coordinates can be stored in “power generation device storage means” which is a storage medium such as a computer hard disk or CD-ROM.

  When the roof surface model, the solar panel and its plane coordinates are read, the solar panel is superimposed on the roof surface model. Specifically, reference is made to two-dimensional spatial information (hereinafter simply referred to as “roof outline”) that constitutes the outline of the roof surface model projected on a plane, and is compared with the plane coordinates of the solar panel.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a situation in which a solar panel is superimposed on a roof surface model. FIG. 10A shows the entire solar panel within the roof outline, and FIG. Only the part is included in the roof outline. If a solar panel is installed on the roof surface, the entire solar panel is originally included in the range of the roof outline as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the plane coordinates of the roof outline and solar panel are compared, and the plane coordinates of the solar panel are all included in the roof outline, the roof surface model is the one with the solar panel installed (hereinafter referred to as “the existing roof surface The roof surface model except for the existing roof surface model is evaluated as having no solar panel (hereinafter referred to as “non-installed roof surface model 6”), and all roofs are evaluated. The surface model is classified into an existing roof surface model 5 and an uninstalled roof surface model 6.

  From the problem of accuracy, there may be a case where only a part of the solar panel is included in the range of the outer shape of the roof as shown in FIG. In this case, the existing roof surface model 5 can be used as long as it is partly included, and whether or not the existing roof surface model 5 is calculated according to the ratio included in the roof outer shape by calculating the area of the solar panel. It can also be judged.

(Shape calculation means)
The shape calculation means causes the computer to process using software. Of the roof surface models, the one set as the uninstalled roof surface model 6 is read out. Since the roof surface model is composed of three-dimensional spatial information, the geometric shape such as the shape, area, inclination angle, and inclination direction of the surface can be obtained by performing space calculation. The shape calculating means calculates a necessary one of the geometric shapes (shape, area, inclination angle, inclination direction, etc.) for the non-installed roof surface model 6.

(Potential evaluation means)
The potential evaluation means causes the computer to process using software. The solar altitude varies depending on the plane position and altitude of the roof surface, and the amount of received sunlight varies depending on the inclination angle and direction of the roof surface. The number of solar panels that can be installed also varies depending on the area and shape of the roof surface. That is, the power generation potential of the roof surface differs depending on the inclination angle, the direction of inclination, the area, and the shape.

  Therefore, if “weighting” is performed stepwise with respect to the inclination angle, inclination direction, and area, the power generation potential on the roof surface can be relatively evaluated. For example, the inclination angle is divided in increments of 5 ° from 0 to 90 °, and high scores are given in order from the angle at which light is most easily received with respect to the solar altitude at a predetermined time at a predetermined time. Similarly, for the direction of inclination, for example, the azimuth is divided in increments of 5 ° from 0 to 360 °, and high scores are given in order from the angle at which light is easily received. In the case of area, the higher the area, the higher the score. Of course, it is not limited to such “weighting”, and any “weighting” can be used, such as taking into account the weather characteristics and altitude of each region, or estimating the amount of direct solar radiation on the roof surface. According to such points, the slope angle, the direction of inclination, and the area of the non-installed roof surface model 6 are assigned points, and the power generation potential of the roof surface is quantitatively evaluated by comprehensively judging the results. Can do.

  It is also possible to assign the non-installed roof surface model 6 to a two-dimensional mesh model and evaluate the power generation potential for each mesh. At this time, there is a case where only a part of the roof surface model 6 that is not installed is included in the mesh. In this case, the power generation potential of the non-installed roof surface model 6 can be distributed according to the area of the non-installed roof surface model 6 in the mesh.

5. Power Generation Potential Evaluation Program The power generation potential evaluation program executes a power generation potential evaluation device and has a function of causing a computer to execute each means included in the power generation potential evaluation device. Hereinafter, it demonstrates individually. In addition, since the content of the process overlaps with the content described in the power generation potential evaluation device, the description is not repeated here.

  The surface model reading process causes the building model extraction unit to execute a process of reading the surface layer model from the surface layer model storage unit, and the outline reference process is performed by the building model extraction unit from the outline storage unit. Is executed to read and refer to. Instead of the outline reference process, a ground model reading process for executing a process of reading and referring to the ground model from the ground model storage means may be provided.

  In the building model extraction process, the building model extracting means executes a process of extracting a building model from the surface layer model. At this time, when referring to the building outline model, the range surrounded by the building outline model is extracted as a building model from the surface model, and when referring to the ground model, the difference between the surface model and the ground model is used. Extract building model.

  In the roof surface model extraction process, the roof surface model extraction means executes a process of extracting each roof surface independent from the building model as a roof surface model. At this time, when referring to the building outline model, the range surrounded by the building outline model is extracted as a building model from the surface model, and when referring to the ground model, the difference between the surface model and the ground model is used. Extract building model.

  In the image data reading process, the power generation device extraction unit executes a process of reading a topographic image from the topographic image storage unit. Further, the template reference process is to cause the power generation device extraction unit to execute a process of reading a template from the template storage unit. In the power generation device extraction process, the power generation device extraction means executes a process of extracting a solar panel that has already been installed by collating a topographic image with a template.

  In the roof surface model classification process, the roof surface model selection means executes a process of classifying the roof surface model into the existing roof surface model 5 and the non-installed roof surface model 6. In the shape calculation process, the shape calculation means causes the non-installed roof surface model 6 to execute a calculation process for calculating a necessary geometric shape. In the potential evaluation process, the potential evaluation unit executes a process of evaluating the power generation potential based on the geometric shape of the uninstalled roof surface model.

  The power generation potential evaluation device and the power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention can be used for a business operator who provides a solar power generation device or a user who is planning to install a solar power generation device. Furthermore, by evaluating the power generation potential in the municipality, it can be used for planning the solar power generation in the local government, and can also be used for appealing to the local government, such as announcing the evaluated power generation potential. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Topography 2 Aircraft 3 Laser 4N North side roof surface 4S whose inclination direction is generally north direction South roof surface 4E whose inclination direction is generally south direction East roof surface 4W whose inclination direction is generally east direction The direction of inclination is Western roof surface that is generally west 5 Existing roof model 6 Uninstalled roof model

  The present invention relates to a technique for evaluating the potential of solar power generation, and more specifically to a power generation potential evaluation apparatus and a power generation potential evaluation program for evaluating the power generation potential of a building roof.

  In recent years, environmental destruction due to global warming has progressed, and global environmental conservation has become a global and urgent issue. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol was signed, and many countries are actively tackling this issue, including the establishment of greenhouse gas reduction targets.

  In Japan, measures to reduce greenhouse gases have been implemented by public and private sectors. One of them is nuclear power generation. In addition to its power generation, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions is extremely small compared to the so-called fossil energy generation, and so the conventional power generation method has been switched to nuclear power generation.

  On the other hand, Japan is known as an earthquake-prone country. In recent years, major earthquakes such as the Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake, the Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake, and the Niigata-ken Chuetsu Earthquake have occurred and have suffered enormous damage each time. . In particular, the recent Great East Japan Earthquake caused immeasurable damage due to the tsunami, and also caused an accident in which a large amount of radioactive material leaked due to damage to the reactor at the Fukushima nuclear power plant. As a result, the public's concerns about nuclear power generation increased, with the area surrounding the nuclear power plant becoming a warning zone.

  Therefore, it is expected to escape from excessive dependence on nuclear energy and to actively use safe energy. Renewable energy attracts the most attention as safe energy, and its representative is sunlight.

  In recent years, efforts in the industry have already progressed, such as the installation of 1 MW-class solar power generation facilities (mega solar power plants) by private companies. In addition, the installation of solar power generation equipment (so-called solar panels) is spreading in many houses, commercial facilities, and public facilities (hereinafter collectively referred to as “buildings”). It is transforming into a power generation means.

  When solar panels are installed on a sloped roof of a building, the amount of received sunlight varies depending on the inclination angle of the roof surface (angle formed with the horizontal plane) and the direction of inclination (perpendicular to the intersecting line with the horizontal plane). The maximum amount obtained (hereinafter referred to as “power generation potential”) is different. Naturally, if the same number of solar panels of the same standard are installed, it is possible to generate electricity more efficiently by installing them on the roof surface where the power generation potential is high. Therefore, it is extremely meaningful to evaluate the power generation potential of the building roof in advance when installing solar panels.

  Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for predicting the annual power generation amount using the latitude, longitude, house azimuth of the house, etc. as input values and arranging an efficient solar cell panel.

JP 2011-216604 A

  As described above, in Patent Document 1, the latitude, longitude, house azimuth, or roof azimuth of a house is input in order to predict the annual power generation amount. In other words, the target house is specified, and the position and orientation of the roof must be known. However, for example, if the power generation amount of all buildings within a certain range, such as a municipality, is predicted, the technique of Patent Document 1 must be repeated for the number of existing houses. This requires significant time and effort. Even more, if you measure the position and direction of a house one house at a time, it's hard to say that it is a practical method.

  In order to efficiently evaluate the power generation potential of a roof for a large number of buildings, a “surface model is a digital surface model (DSM)” or “a surface model is a digital elevation model” based on three-dimensional spatial information. (DEM: Digital Elevation Model) can be considered. However, when the roof surface is modeled by DSM or DEM, it cannot be determined whether or not a solar panel is already installed on the roof. Considering the current situation in which solar panels are installed on many building roofs, it is more efficient to estimate the potential for power generation potential by extracting only the roofs without solar panels. The surface model covers all roof surfaces regardless of the installation status of solar panels.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above problem, that is, to easily evaluate the power generation potential of the roof for a large number of buildings in a wide area such as municipalities, and only the roof on which no solar panel is installed. The object is to provide a power generation potential evaluation apparatus and a power generation potential evaluation program that are extracted and evaluated efficiently.

  The present invention focuses on evaluating the power generation potential of a building roof using a topographic model based on three-dimensional spatial information such as DSM and DEM and an image such as an aerial photograph. It is an invention made based on the idea.

The power generation potential evaluation apparatus of the present invention comprises a surface layer model storage means, an outline storage means, a building model extraction means, a roof surface model extraction means, a terrain image storage means, a template storage means, a power generation device extraction means, a roof surface model selection means, A shape calculating means and a potential evaluating means are provided. The contents of each means are as follows. The surface layer model storage means stores a surface layer model representing the surface shape of the target area in three dimensions. The outline storage means stores a building outline model representing the planar shape of the building in the target area. The building model extracting means extracts a range enclosed by the building outline model from the surface layer model as a building model. The roof surface model extracting means extracts the roof surface from the building model as a roof surface model for each inclined surface. The topographic image storage means stores a topographic image of the target area. A template memory | storage means memorize | stores the image or shape of a solar power generation device as a template. The power generation device extraction means extracts a solar power generation device installed in the target area by collating the topographic image of the target area with the template. The roof surface model selection means is classified into the existing roof surface model including the solar power generation apparatus extracted by the power generation device extraction means and the non-installed roof surface model excluding the existing roof surface model. It is. The shape calculation means calculates the geometric shape of the inclined surface with respect to the non-installed roof surface model. The potential evaluation means weights the geometric shape of the roof surface model not installed according to the geometric shape, and quantitatively evaluates the power generation potential based on the weighted result .

  The power generation potential evaluation apparatus according to the present invention may include a ground surface model storage unit instead of the outline storage unit. The ground surface model storage means stores a ground surface model obtained by removing a building from the surface layer model. The building model extraction means in this case extracts the difference between the surface layer model and the ground surface model as a building model.

  In the power generation potential evaluation device of the present invention, the power generation device extraction means is configured so that the template shape (size and shape) and / or color information (shadow, color tone, texture, pattern, correlation with surrounding imaging, surrounding imaging, Or a combination thereof), the photovoltaic power generation apparatus can be extracted.

The power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention includes a surface model reading process, an outline reference process, a building model extraction process, a roof surface model extraction process, a topographic image reading process, a template reference process, a power generation device extraction process, a roof surface model classification process, A shape calculation process and a potential evaluation process are provided. The contents of each process are as follows. The surface layer model reading process reads a surface layer model that represents the surface shape of the target area in three dimensions. The outline reference process refers to a building outline model that represents the planar shape of a building in the target area. In the building model extraction process, the range surrounded by the building outline model in the surface layer model is extracted as a building model. The roof surface model extraction process is to extract a roof surface from a building model as a roof surface model for each inclined surface. The topographic image reading process reads a topographic image of the target area. The template reference process refers to the image or shape of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus as a template. The power generation device extraction processing is to extract a solar power generation device installed in the target area by collating the topographic image of the target area with the template. In the roof surface model classification process, the roof surface model including the solar power generation device extracted in the power generation device extraction process is used as the existing roof surface model, and the roof surface model excluding the existing roof surface model is selected. It will be a non-installed roof surface model. The shape calculation process is to calculate the geometric shape of the inclined surface with respect to the non-installed roof surface model. The potential evaluation process weights the geometric shape of the uninstalled roof surface model according to the geometric shape, and quantitatively evaluates the power generation potential based on the weighted result .

The power generation potential evaluation program according to the present invention may include a ground surface model reading process instead of the outline reference process. In this surface model reading process , a surface model excluding buildings from the surface model is read. In this case, the building model extraction process extracts a difference between the surface model and the ground model as a building model.

  In the power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention, the power generation device extraction processing is a combination of template shape (size and shape) and / or color information (shadow, color tone, texture, pattern, correlation with surrounding imaging, and surrounding imaging. The photovoltaic power generation device may be extracted based on the relationship or a combination thereof.

The power generation potential evaluation apparatus and power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention have the following effects.
(1) The power generation potential can be evaluated for a large number of buildings at once. For example, since the power generation potential of a building can be evaluated over the entire administrative area, it is efficient and versatile.
(2) Since the roof surface on which the solar power generation apparatus is already installed can be excluded, it is possible to efficiently estimate the room for the power generation potential, and the burden on the arithmetic processing is small.
(3) When extracting the power generation device, template shape (size and shape) and color information (shadow, color tone, texture, pattern, mutual relationship with surrounding imaging, composite relationship with surrounding imaging, or a combination thereof ), The extraction accuracy is further improved.

Explanatory drawing which shows the measurement condition by an aviation laser. The model figure explaining "surface". The model figure explaining "the ground surface". The block diagram explaining the building model extraction means and roof surface model extraction means using a building outline model. Figure of the building outline model superimposed on the surface layer model and the building model surrounded by the building outline model extracted The block diagram explaining the building model extraction means and roof surface model extraction means using a ground surface model. The top view which shows the building which has the some roof surface from which an inclination angle and the direction of inclination differ. The block diagram explaining a power generator extraction means. The block diagram explaining a roof surface model selection means, a shape calculation means, and a potential evaluation means. (A) is an explanatory diagram for explaining a situation in which a solar panel is superimposed on a roof surface model and the entire solar panel is included in the outer shape of the roof, and (b) is a solar panel superimposed on the roof surface model. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the condition where only a part of was included in the roof external shape.

  An example of an embodiment of a power generation potential evaluation apparatus and a power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1. Overview of the present invention The present invention evaluates the potential of photovoltaic power generation that covers many buildings in a certain range (hereinafter referred to as “target area”) such as municipalities and prefectures. To do. Since many buildings are handled at a time, three-dimensional spatial information representing the topography is used. Therefore, first, three-dimensional spatial information will be described.

  The three-dimensional spatial information is information composed of points, lines, surfaces, or combinations thereof having plane coordinate values and height information. Further, the plane coordinate value is represented by latitude and longitude or X and Y coordinates, and the height means a vertical distance from a predetermined reference horizontal plane such as an altitude. This three-dimensional spatial information can be created by various means. For example, it can be created based on a set of two stereo aerial photographs (satellite photographs), created by aerial laser measurement or satellite radar measurement, or can be created by surveying the site directly.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a measurement situation by an aviation laser. As shown in this figure, the aviation laser measurement is performed by flying the aircraft 2 over the terrain 1 to be measured and receiving the reflection of the laser 3 irradiated on the terrain 1 during the flight. According to this method, three-dimensional spatial information composed of many point groups can be acquired by one measurement.

  The three-dimensional spatial information created on the basis of stereo aerial photographs and aerial laser measurements usually represents a “surface”. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the surface means the upper surface of a feature that stands on the ground, such as a green object such as a forest or farmland, or a building. On the other hand, the “ground surface” means a surface after removing green objects or buildings, that is, the ground as shown in FIG. Here, a “surface model” represents the “surface” with three-dimensional spatial information, and a “ground model” represents the “surface” with three-dimensional spatial information. Note that DSM is known as a representative surface model, and DEM is also known as a typical surface model.

  In order to create a ground surface model, processing for removing green objects and buildings from the surface layer model, so-called filtering processing, is performed. The filtering process is a well-known technique, and recognizes and excludes objects that meet a predetermined condition as green objects or buildings. This process is generally executed by a computer using general-purpose software.

  Next, an outline of the present invention will be described. The present invention can be broadly divided into three categories: extraction of a roof surface of a building, extraction of a roof surface where a photovoltaic power generation device (hereinafter referred to as “solar panel”) is not yet installed, and evaluation of power generation potential. be able to.

  In the extraction of the roof surface of a building, the surface layer model described above is used. A part representing a building from the surface model is partially extracted as a “building model”, and a part representing a roof surface from the “building model” is partially extracted as a “roof surface model”.

  The roof surface without solar panels is extracted using terrain images taken from above, such as aerial photographs and satellite photographs. Moreover, the shape and image of a solar panel are prepared as a template, and the thing matched with the template from the topographic image is recognized as a solar panel. Next, the position and shape of the solar panel recognized in the topographic image are obtained.

In the evaluation of power generation potential, by comparing the position and shape of the roof surface model with the solar panel, the solar panel is classified into the roof surface that has already been installed and the roof surface that has not been installed. On the other hand, the inclination angle and the direction of inclination are obtained, and the power generation potential is evaluated for each roof surface based on these values.

  Hereinafter, each element will be described in detail. The technical content of the present invention will be described with an example of the power generation potential evaluation device, and the content specific to the power generation potential evaluation program will be described later.

2. Roof surface extraction (surface model storage means)
FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining the building model extraction means and the roof surface model extraction means using the building outline model. As shown in this figure, the building model extraction means uses a surface layer model storage means and an outline storage means. The surface layer model storage means stores the above-described “surface layer model”, and is specifically a storage medium such as a hard disk of a computer or a CD-ROM. That is, the surface layer model is formed in a data format that can be processed by a computer. The surface layer model used here may be created for the present invention, but of course, if there is a ready-made one, it can be used.

(Outline storage means)
The outline storage means stores a “building outline model” and is a storage medium such as a hard disk of a computer or a CD-ROM, like the surface model storage means. Here, the “building outline model” represents the outline of a building by at least two-dimensional spatial information, and does not necessarily have height information. The outline of this building is created based on fences and fences built at the boundary of the site, or a frame line that can be obtained as a result of projecting the roof onto a horizontal plane, and generally, an aerial photograph or topographic map is visually observed. While being created. Of course, it is also possible to recognize an aerial photograph and have a computer automatically generate the outline of the building as an edge from the image, and use this edge to create a building outline model. However, even in this case, a human visual inspection is necessary. The building outline model used here may be created for the present invention, but of course, if there is a ready-made one, it can be used. In the digital mapping according to the public survey work regulations, this building outline model is created, and codes 3001 to 3004 are added and stored in the numerical topographic map data file (DM data file). Similar to the surface layer model, the building outline model is formed in a data format that can be processed by a computer.

(Building model extraction means)
The building model extraction means causes the computer to process using software. First, the surface layer model is read from the surface layer model storage means, and the building outline model is read from the outline storage means. Next, a surface layer model surrounded by a building outline model is extracted. Specifically, those within the range of the two-dimensional space information of the building outline model are extracted. The extracted one is called “building model” here. FIG. 5 is a diagram in which a building outline model is superimposed on the surface model and a building model surrounded by the building outline model is extracted. Since the building model constitutes a part of the surface layer model, it naturally consists of three-dimensional spatial information, and usually many are obtained depending on the target area (FIG. 4).

  The building model extraction means can also extract a building model using a ground model instead of the building outline model. FIG. 6 is a block diagram for explaining a building model extracting unit and a roof surface model extracting unit using a ground surface model. As described above, the ground surface model is obtained by removing the green cover and the building from the surface layer model by the filtering process. Therefore, a green cover and a building can be extracted as three-dimensional space information by computing the difference between the surface layer model and the ground surface model with a computer. Among these, those that meet a predetermined condition, for example, those that fall within a predetermined height, those that have a predetermined area, and the like are extracted as buildings. Alternatively, it is possible to cause the roof surface model extracting means described below to process all the values obtained by the difference without distinguishing between the green cover and the building as “building models”. The ground surface model is stored in the ground surface model storage means.

(Roof surface model extraction means)
The roof surface model extracting means causes the computer to process using software. First, a large number of building models extracted by the roof surface model extracting means are read out. Then, an independent inclined roof surface is extracted from each building model. As shown in FIG. 7, even the roof of the same building may be composed of a plurality of roof surfaces having different inclination angles and inclination directions. Here, those having different inclination angles and inclination directions are referred to as independent inclined roof surfaces. In the case of FIG. 7, the north roof surface 4N whose inclination direction is substantially north, and the inclination direction is generally southward. The south side roof surface 4S which is the direction, the east side roof surface 4E whose direction of inclination is generally eastward, and the west side roof surface 4W whose direction of inclination is generally westward are independent inclined roof surfaces.

  Techniques for extracting a surface from three-dimensional space information of a building model have been conventionally performed by various methods, and the conventional techniques can be used here as well. As a prior art, for example, region growing (region expansion) can be exemplified. An area called “surface” is formed by finding a point on an approximately same plane with respect to peripheral points from an arbitrary point. As a method for determining whether or not they are substantially on the same plane, various methods such as setting a gradient between two points within a predetermined threshold can be employed.

  In addition, it is also possible to form a small unit surface from the three-dimensional space information, and gather adjacent unit surfaces on substantially the same surface to form one “surface” region. In this case, whether or not the unit surfaces are substantially on the same plane can be determined by approximating the inclination angle and the inclination direction of the unit surfaces (the difference is within a predetermined threshold). As a method for forming a small unit surface from three-dimensional spatial information, various conventional methods can be adopted in addition to the method based on TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network).

3. Extraction of roof surface without solar panels (terrain image storage means)
FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating the power generation device extraction unit. As shown in this figure, the power generation device extraction means uses terrain image storage means and template storage means. The terrain image storage means stores a “terrain image”, and specifically, is a storage medium such as a hard disk of a computer or a CD-ROM. That is, the terrain image is formed in a data format that can be processed by a computer.

  The terrain image was taken from the sky over the entire target area such as aerial photographs and satellite photographs as described above, and the captured images can be used as they are, and distortion is corrected by orthographic projection on DSM and DEM. It can also be used as a so-called photographic map (ortho image). Furthermore, it can also be used as True Ortho (registered trademark) that has been corrected to be more realistic. The terrain image used here may be taken and acquired for the present invention, but of course, if there is an existing one, it can also be used.

(Template storage means)
The template storage means prepares the shape and image of the solar panel as a template and stores the template. Specifically, the template storage means is a storage medium such as a computer hard disk or CD-ROM. That is, the template is formed in a data format that can be processed by a computer.

  Templates are created based on various solar panels currently distributed, and it is desirable to create as many types of solar panels as possible. Further, as a template format, it is possible to set a frame line or a surface by focusing only on the shape, or an image format by focusing on a color or a material. Or it can also be set as a combination of a frame, a surface, and an image. When the template is a frame or surface, it is represented by a two-dimensional figure, and when it is an image format, it is represented by a pixel value such as RGB, CMYK, or NCS. In addition, when paying attention to the color of the solar panel, it is expressed by a pixel value consisting of hue, saturation, and lightness, and when paying attention to the material of the solar panel, the shadow formed by the uneven surface is expressed as luminance (lightness). Can do.

  The solar panel appearing in the terrain image changes into various shapes depending on the installation angle (the inclination angle of the roof). Therefore, when creating a template based on a shape, it is desirable to prepare templates corresponding to various shapes assuming an installation angle.

(Power generation device extraction means)
The power generation device extraction means causes the computer to process using software. First, a terrain image is read from the terrain image storage means. Next, the template is read from the template storage means. If there are a plurality of templates, all the templates are read sequentially.

  Each read template is compared with the terrain image, and an image portion that matches or approximates the template is extracted. The extracted image part is recognized as a solar panel. In addition, when the template is created based on the shape, so-called pattern matching can be used. In this case, the contour of the feature is automatically generated as an edge from the topographic image in advance based on the difference in brightness and color (hue, saturation, and brightness). The edge is compared with the template, and matching or approximation is determined based on a predetermined condition (threshold value). This process is repeated for the number of stored templates.

  On the other hand, when the template is created as an image, matching can be performed based on the color information. This matching process can be performed using a conventionally used image technique. For example, a method of comparing pixel values such as RGB for each pixel and determining that the number of pixels matching (or approximating) the pixel value of the template is equal to or greater than a predetermined number (predetermined ratio) and matched (matched) with the template Is mentioned. This can be determined by extracting different pixels in the image. Also in this case, the process is repeated for the number of stored templates.

As shown in FIG. 8, when the extracted image part is recognized as a solar panel, spatial information is given to the solar panel in the topographic image. Specifically, plane coordinates (latitude / longitude and plane rectangular coordinates) are given to points constituting the outer shape of the solar panel. For example, if the terrain image has plane coordinates in advance (corresponding to the plane coordinates) by an adjustment calculation based on external orientation elements (for example, by GPS or IMU) and aerial triangulation, the plane coordinates are easily displayed on the solar panel. Can be granted. On the other hand, if the topography image is not provided with a plane coordinates to correspond to plane coordinates by the following method. In other words, the terrain image is provided with plane coordinates by projective transformation of the terrain image coordinates to the surface layer model on the real coordinates based on the central projection geometric model using the external orientation required when acquiring the terrain image (plane Can correspond to coordinates).

  As shown in FIG. 8, when plane coordinates are given to points constituting the outer shape of the solar panel recognized in the topographic image, it is possible to grasp where this solar panel is located in the surface layer model, The outline can also be grasped.

4). Evaluation of power generation potential (roof model selection means)
FIG. 9 is a block diagram for explaining the roof surface model selection means, shape calculation means, and potential evaluation means. The roof surface model selection means causes the computer to process using software. First, the roof surface model is read from the roof surface model storage means. Next, the solar panel extracted by the power generation device extraction means and its plane coordinates are read out. The solar panel and its plane coordinates can be stored in “power generation device storage means” which is a storage medium such as a computer hard disk or CD-ROM.

  When the roof surface model, the solar panel and its plane coordinates are read, the solar panel is superimposed on the roof surface model. Specifically, reference is made to two-dimensional spatial information (hereinafter simply referred to as “roof outline”) that constitutes the outline of the roof surface model projected on a plane, and is compared with the plane coordinates of the solar panel.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a situation in which a solar panel is superimposed on a roof surface model. FIG. 10A shows the entire solar panel within the roof outline, and FIG. Only the part is included in the roof outline. If a solar panel is installed on the roof surface, the entire solar panel is originally included in the range of the roof outline as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the plane coordinates of the roof outline and solar panel are compared, and the plane coordinates of the solar panel are all included in the roof outline, the roof surface model is the one with the solar panel installed (hereinafter referred to as “the existing roof surface The roof surface model except for the existing roof surface model is evaluated as having no solar panel (hereinafter referred to as “non-installed roof surface model 6”), and all roofs are evaluated. The surface model is classified into an existing roof surface model 5 and an uninstalled roof surface model 6.

  From the problem of accuracy, there may be a case where only a part of the solar panel is included in the range of the outer shape of the roof as shown in FIG. In this case, the existing roof surface model 5 can be used as long as it is partly included, and whether or not the existing roof surface model 5 is calculated according to the ratio included in the roof outer shape by calculating the area of the solar panel. It can also be judged.

(Shape calculation means)
The shape calculation means causes the computer to process using software. Of the roof surface models, the one set as the uninstalled roof surface model 6 is read out. Since the roof surface model is composed of three-dimensional spatial information, the geometric shape such as the shape, area, inclination angle, and inclination direction of the surface can be obtained by performing space calculation. The shape calculating means calculates a necessary one of the geometric shapes (shape, area, inclination angle, inclination direction, etc.) for the non-installed roof surface model 6.

(Potential evaluation means)
The potential evaluation means causes the computer to process using software. The solar altitude varies depending on the plane position and altitude of the roof surface, and the amount of received sunlight varies depending on the inclination angle and direction of the roof surface. The number of solar panels that can be installed also varies depending on the area and shape of the roof surface. That is, the power generation potential of the roof surface differs depending on the inclination angle, the direction of inclination, the area, and the shape.

Therefore, if “weighting” is performed stepwise with respect to the inclination angle, inclination direction, and area, the power generation potential on the roof surface can be relatively evaluated. For example, the inclination angle is divided in increments of 5 ° from 0 to 90 °, and high scores are given in order from the angle at which light is most easily received with respect to the solar altitude at a predetermined time at a predetermined time. Similarly, for the direction of inclination, for example, the azimuth is divided in increments of 5 ° from 0 to 360 °, and high scores are given in order from the angle at which light is easily received. In the case of area, the higher the area, the higher the score. Of course, it is not limited to such “weighting”, and any “weighting” can be used, such as taking into account the weather characteristics and altitude of each region, or estimating the amount of direct solar radiation on the roof surface. In accordance with such dispensing point, tilt oblique angle unestablished roof model 6, the direction of inclination, to grant each area score, it quantitatively evaluating the power generation potential of the roof surface in the overall judgment results be able to.

  It is also possible to assign the non-installed roof surface model 6 to a two-dimensional mesh model and evaluate the power generation potential for each mesh. At this time, there is a case where only a part of the roof surface model 6 that is not installed is included in the mesh. In this case, the power generation potential of the non-installed roof surface model 6 can be distributed according to the area of the non-installed roof surface model 6 in the mesh.

5. Power Generation Potential Evaluation Program The power generation potential evaluation program executes a power generation potential evaluation device and has a function of causing a computer to execute each means included in the power generation potential evaluation device. Hereinafter, it demonstrates individually. In addition, since the content of the process overlaps with the content described in the power generation potential evaluation device, the description is not repeated here.

  The surface model reading process causes the building model extraction unit to execute a process of reading the surface layer model from the surface layer model storage unit, and the outline reference process is performed by the building model extraction unit from the outline storage unit. Is executed to read and refer to. Instead of the outline reference process, a ground model reading process for executing a process of reading and referring to the ground model from the ground model storage means may be provided.

  In the building model extraction process, the building model extracting means executes a process of extracting a building model from the surface layer model. At this time, when referring to the building outline model, the range surrounded by the building outline model is extracted as a building model from the surface model, and when referring to the ground model, the difference between the surface model and the ground model is used. Extract building model.

  In the roof surface model extraction process, the roof surface model extraction means executes a process of extracting each roof surface independent from the building model as a roof surface model. At this time, when referring to the building outline model, the range surrounded by the building outline model is extracted as a building model from the surface model, and when referring to the ground model, the difference between the surface model and the ground model is used. Extract building model.

  In the image data reading process, the power generation device extraction unit executes a process of reading a topographic image from the topographic image storage unit. Further, the template reference process is to cause the power generation device extraction unit to execute a process of reading a template from the template storage unit. In the power generation device extraction process, the power generation device extraction means executes a process of extracting a solar panel that has already been installed by collating a topographic image with a template.

  In the roof surface model classification process, the roof surface model selection means executes a process of classifying the roof surface model into the existing roof surface model 5 and the non-installed roof surface model 6. In the shape calculation process, the shape calculation means causes the non-installed roof surface model 6 to execute a calculation process for calculating a necessary geometric shape. In the potential evaluation process, the potential evaluation unit executes a process of evaluating the power generation potential based on the geometric shape of the uninstalled roof surface model.

  The power generation potential evaluation device and the power generation potential evaluation program of the present invention can be used for a business operator who provides a solar power generation device or a user who is planning to install a solar power generation device. Furthermore, by evaluating the power generation potential in the municipality, it can be used for planning the solar power generation in the local government, and can also be used for appealing to the local government, such as announcing the evaluated power generation potential. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Topography 2 Aircraft 3 Laser 4N North side roof surface 4S whose inclination direction is generally north direction South roof surface 4E whose inclination direction is generally south direction East roof surface 4W whose inclination direction is generally east direction The direction of inclination is Western roof surface that is generally west 5 Existing roof model 6 Uninstalled roof model

Claims (6)

A power generation potential evaluation device that evaluates the power generation potential of a sloped roof of a building in a target area,
Surface layer model storage means for storing a surface layer model representing the surface shape of the target area in three dimensions;
Outline storage means for storing a building outline model representing a planar shape of a building in the target area;
A building model extracting means for extracting a range of the surface layer model enclosed by the building outline model as a building model;
A roof surface model extracting means for extracting the roof surface from the building model as a roof surface model for each inclined surface;
Terrain image storage means for storing the terrain image of the target area;
Template storage means for storing an image of the photovoltaic power generation device as a template;
Power generation device extraction means for extracting a photovoltaic power generation device installed in the target area by collating the terrain image of the target area with the template,
Among the roof surface models, a roof surface model that is classified into an existing roof surface model that includes a solar power generation device extracted by the power generation device extraction means, and a non-installed roof surface model that excludes the existing roof surface model. Sorting means;
Shape calculation means for calculating the geometric shape of the inclined surface for the non-installed roof surface model,
A power generation potential evaluation apparatus comprising: potential evaluation means for evaluating a power generation potential based on a geometric shape of the non-installed roof surface model. A power generation potential evaluation device that evaluates the power generation potential of a sloped roof of a building in a target area,
Surface layer model storage means for storing a surface layer model representing the surface shape of the target area in three dimensions;
Surface model storage means for storing a surface model excluding buildings from the surface layer model;
A building model extracting means for extracting a difference between the surface model and the ground model as a building model;
A roof surface model extracting means for extracting the roof surface from the building model as a roof surface model for each inclined surface;
Terrain image storage means for storing the terrain image of the target area;
Template storage means for storing an image of the photovoltaic power generation device as a template;
Power generation device extraction means for extracting a photovoltaic power generation device installed in the target area by collating the terrain image of the target area with the template,
Among the roof surface models, a roof surface model that is classified into an existing roof surface model that includes a solar power generation device extracted by the power generation device extraction means, and a non-installed roof surface model that excludes the existing roof surface model. Sorting means;
Shape calculation means for calculating the geometric shape of the inclined surface for the non-installed roof surface model,
A power generation potential evaluation apparatus comprising: potential evaluation means for evaluating a power generation potential based on a geometric shape of the non-installed roof surface model.   3. The power generation according to claim 1, wherein the power generation device extraction unit extracts a solar power generation device installed in the target area based on shape and / or color information of the template. Potential evaluation device. A power generation potential evaluation program for causing a computer to execute a process for evaluating the power generation potential of a sloped roof of a building in a target area,
A surface layer model reading process for reading a surface layer model representing the surface shape of the target area in three dimensions;
An outline reference process that refers to a building outline model representing a planar shape of the building in the target area;
A building model extraction process for extracting a range of the surface layer model surrounded by the building outline model as a building model;
A roof surface model extraction process for extracting the roof surface from the building model as a roof surface model for each inclined surface;
Terrain image reading processing for reading the terrain image of the target area;
A template reference process for referring to an image of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus as a template;
A power generation device extraction process for extracting a solar power generation device installed in the target area by comparing the terrain image of the target area with the template,
Among the roof surface models, a roof surface model including the solar power generation device extracted by the power generation device extraction means is used as an existing roof surface model, and a roof surface model other than the existing roof surface model is an uninstalled roof. A roof surface model classification process to be a surface model,
For the non-installed roof surface model, shape calculation processing for calculating the geometric shape of the inclined surface,
A power generation potential evaluation program having a function of causing the computer to execute a potential evaluation process for evaluating a power generation potential based on a geometric shape of the uninstalled roof surface model. A power generation potential evaluation program for causing a computer to execute a process for evaluating the power generation potential of a sloped roof of a building in a target area,
A surface layer model reading process for reading a surface layer model representing the surface shape of the target area in three dimensions;
A ground surface model reading process for reading a ground surface model excluding a building from the surface layer model;
A building model extraction process for extracting a difference between the surface model and the ground model as a building model;
A roof surface model extraction process for extracting the roof surface from the building model as a roof surface model for each inclined surface;
Terrain image reading processing for reading the terrain image of the target area;
A template reference process for referring to an image of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus as a template;
A power generation device extraction process for extracting a solar power generation device installed in the target area by comparing the terrain image of the target area with the template,
Among the roof surface models, a roof surface model including the solar power generation device extracted by the power generation device extraction means is used as an existing roof surface model, and a roof surface model other than the existing roof surface model is an uninstalled roof. A roof surface model classification process to be a surface model,
For the non-installed roof surface model, shape calculation processing for calculating the geometric shape of the inclined surface,
A power generation potential evaluation program having a function of causing the computer to execute a potential evaluation process for evaluating a power generation potential based on a geometric shape of the uninstalled roof surface model.   6. The power generation according to claim 4, wherein the power generation device extraction processing performs extraction processing of the solar power generation device installed in the target area based on the shape and / or color information of the template. Potential evaluation program.

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