JP2016180281A - House exterior wall construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a house exterior wall construction method which improves the construction efficiency by executing the installation position and installation posture of support posts in the framework construction method with high accuracy, and a support post unit for the conventional construction method to be used in the same.SOLUTION: A house exterior wall construction method in a conventional construction method forms an exterior wall of a house by arranging a face material between exterior wall support posts 2 supporting the upper load such as a roof and a floor as a line load together with a beam material 1. The house exterior wall construction method in the conventional construction method forms the exterior wall of the house by fixing a plurality of support post units 4 formed by fixing the adequate number of exterior wall support posts 2 and a frame body 3 adjacent to the exterior wall support post 2 for supporting the face material in advance to a wall surface support foundation part 5 in such a manner that the lower end of each exterior wall support post 2 cannot be pulled out, and connecting the adjacent support post units 4 to each other side by side via an inter-unit connection metal fitting 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an outer wall construction method for a house.

  As a construction method for houses, mainly wooden houses, traditionally, a shaft construction method in which a bearing wall is constructed by bracing or fixing plywood between columns that have been erected in advance, and receiving a roof load or the like as a linear load of the framework. Like the two-by-four method, the wood panel method, etc., the structural plywood is struck onto the framed wood to form a box structure that integrates the load-bearing wall and the rigid floor, so that the load on the roof is proof There are two types of construction methods that are completely different from the load-bearing concept of a wooden framed wall construction method that is received as a surface load. As a construction method for facilitating the formation of a face member in a shaft construction method, the method described in Patent Document 1 is disclosed. Are known.

  In this conventional example, the outdoor wall of a house is formed by fixing a panel body between columns that are erected in advance at predetermined intervals.

JP 2000-226896 A

  However, the above-described conventional example has a drawback in that the step of standing the columns independently is generated, so that the interval between the columns or the variation in the verticality of each column becomes large.

  The present invention was made to eliminate the above drawbacks, and improved the construction efficiency by constructing the standing position and standing posture of the column in the conventional construction method (shaft construction method) with high accuracy. An object is to provide a method for constructing an outer wall of a house and a column unit for a conventional method used for the method.

According to the present invention, the object is
It is a method for constructing an outer wall of a house in a conventional construction method in which an outer wall of a house is formed by arranging a face material between outer wall struts 2 that support an upper load such as a roof and a floor as a line load together with the beam material 1,
A plurality of column units 4 formed by fixing the appropriate number of outer wall columns 2 and a frame body 3 that supports a face material adjacent to the outer wall column 2 in advance, and the lower end of each outer wall column 2 is the wall surface support base portion 5. And a method for constructing an outer wall of a house in a conventional construction method in which an adjacent outdoor column unit 4 is mutually connected to the side via an inter-unit connecting bracket 6 to form an outdoor wall. Is achieved.

  In the present invention, the construction of the outer wall is performed by installing a column unit 4 in which the outer wall column 2 and the frame 3 which is a support member for the face material are unitized in advance.

  There may be a single outer wall column 2 or a plurality of outer wall columns 2 in the column unit 4, and the column unit 4 formed by a single outer wall column 2 is bonded to the side of the outer wall column 2 with a frame 3 or the like. It is formed by being fixed by a fixing means. Further, the column unit 4 having a plurality of outer wall columns 2 is formed by fixing the frame 3 between the outer wall columns 2, and when the two sets of column units 4 are adjacent to each other, the outer wall columns 2 are adjacent to each other. The frame 3 is arranged at the end of one of the support units 4 so as not to be present.

  The frame 3 of the column unit 4 in the present invention has a function of accurately maintaining the interval between the outer wall columns 2 in addition to the function as a support member for the face material. In the state where the column unit 4 is erected, the interval between the outer wall columns 2 is accurately managed, so that fine adjustment work during construction is unnecessary and construction efficiency is improved, and generation of gaps and the like is prevented. It becomes possible to do.

  In addition, when the outer wall support 2 is erected on the wall support base 5 such as a base alone, it is very difficult to ensure the perpendicularity to the wall support base 5, but the support unit 4 having a plurality of outer wall support 2. Since the parallelism between the outer wall columns 2 is assured in units of the column units 4, the longitudinal length of the wall surface supporting platform 5 can be obtained simply by connecting each outer wall column 2 to the wall supporting platform 5. Since the verticality with respect to the direction is automatically secured, and once the support unit 4 is fixed, the verticality of the other support units 4 is automatically ensured by simply connecting to the support unit 4. In addition, improvement in assembly accuracy can be achieved.

  Furthermore, the roof load and the like are basically transmitted as an axial force to the outer wall column 2, but the frame 3 fixed between the outer wall columns 2 has the strength of the entire building in order to function as a load bearing wall. In addition, it can function as a load-bearing factor against rolls during an earthquake, so that it is possible to improve earthquake resistance.

As another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,
The upper edge of the column unit 4 is formed by a single beam member 1 fixed to the outer wall column 2 and the upper edge of the frame 3, and the column unit 4 is arranged on the upper floor. The exterior wall construction method of the house in the conventional construction method used as the wall surface support base part 5 of this can be comprised.

  In the present invention, the upper edge portion of the column unit 4 is formed by a single beam member 1, and the upper wall surface is formed by connecting the outer wall column 2 of the column unit 4 on the upper floor side to the beam member 1 on the lower floor side. Connected and fixed.

Furthermore, as another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,
The column unit 4 constitutes a method for constructing an outer wall of a house in a conventional construction method in which the wall unit is extended by sequentially connecting the column units 4 starting from the corner of the house that is connected in an L shape and maintained in an independent state. can do.

  In the present invention, the outer wall first connects the pair of column units 4 in an L shape at the corners of the house, and then connects the other column connection units along the wall support base 5 with these column units 4 as the base ends. Connected and formed. By connecting the column units 4 in an L shape, the column units 4 complement each other so that the standing angle becomes a right angle, and other column units 4 connected to the column units 4 are also guided by the installed column units 4. Thus, since vertical is ensured sequentially, construction efficiency improves and construction accuracy improves.

In the above construction method,
A plurality of outer wall struts 2 in the conventional method for receiving the upper load of the roof, floor, etc. as a line load together with the beam member 1 and a holding member for the face material fixed between the side walls of the outer wall struts 2 and arranged between the outer wall struts 2 And is integrally formed with the frame 3 as
The column method 4 for the conventional construction method can be used in which the base connecting part 7 connected to the wall surface supporting base part 5 is provided at the lower end of each outer wall support 2.

The column unit 4 has a frame on the side edge of the outer wall column 2 between the outer wall columns 2 and the outer wall columns 2 that bear the roof load or the like as an axial force in the conventional construction method, and as necessary. 3 is fixed. A frame 3 which is made with high dimensional accuracy in a factory and is fixed to the outer wall column 2
Since the function as an interval determination gauge when the outer wall support 2 is erected on the wall surface support base 5 can be expected, it is possible to improve the outer wall construction accuracy.

As another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,
A plurality of outer wall struts 2 and a frame 3 are disposed on the upper edges of the outer wall struts 2 and have a single beam member 1 fixed to the upper end of the outer wall struts 2 so that it cannot be pulled out;
The beam member 1 is formed with a connected column 8 for connecting a base connecting part 7 of another conventional method column unit 4 arranged on the upper floor so that it cannot be pulled out. Can be configured.

  In the present invention, the upper end portion of the column unit 4 is formed by a plurality of outer wall columns 2 and a single beam member 1 fixed to the upper end of the frame body 3, and the upper wall surface is the lower column side column Since it can be completed only by standing upright the column unit 4 on the upper floor while connecting the base connecting portion 7 of the outer wall column 2 to the connected portion 8 formed on the beam material 1 of the unit 4, construction efficiency Can be improved.

Furthermore, as another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,
The conventional method column unit 4 can be configured to form a true wall by projecting the indoor side end portion of the outer wall column 2 with respect to the surface of the inner wall plate 9 fixed to the indoor corresponding surface of the frame 3.

  In the present invention, which is based on the conventional construction method in which the outer wall support 2 bears a roof load or the like as an axial force, the frame 3 is expected to function as a load bearing wall that resists horizontal forces due to seismic force and wind pressure. Therefore, it becomes easy to make a true wall. As a result, in the two-by-four method in which the wall surface is formed as a large wall, it is necessary to form a true wall by newly fixing a construction material or the like to the wall surface. A true wall can be formed without reducing the indoor area.

  According to the present invention, conventionally, because it is necessary to stand the outer wall struts alone on the base in the conventional construction method, it has been difficult to accurately manage the interval between the outer wall struts, In the present invention, the interval between the outer wall struts is accurately managed in a single or adjacent state where other strut units are erected, so that fine adjustment work at the time of construction becomes unnecessary, and construction efficiency is improved. In addition to the improvement, generation of gaps and the like can be prevented.

It is a figure which shows the wooden house to which this invention was applied, (a) is a south elevation, (b) is an east elevation. It is a figure which shows a support | pillar unit, (a) is a front view, (b) is the B section enlarged view of (a), (c) is the 2C-2C sectional view taken on the line of (b), (d) is a figure of (a). It is 2D-2D sectional view taken on the line. It is a figure which shows the wall surface of a house. It is a figure which shows the corner pillar part of a house, (a) is a 4A section longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, (b) is a figure which shows the installation process of a support | pillar unit. It is a figure which shows the corner pillar part of a house, (a) is the sectional view on the 5A-5A line of FIG. 4 (a), (b) is the sectional view on the 5B-5B line of FIG. 5 (a), (c) is a base It is a figure which shows a connection process. FIGS. 6A and 6B are enlarged views of a portion 6A in FIG. 3, in which FIG. It is a figure which shows the connection state of the support | pillar unit in a protrusion corner part, (a) is a figure which shows the connection operation seen from the 7A direction of FIG. 3, (b) is the 7B-7B sectional view taken on the line of (a), (c). FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a connected state. It is a figure which shows the connection state of the support | pillar units arrange | positioned linearly, (a) is a figure which shows the connection operation of the 8A part of FIG. 3, (b) is 8B-8B of FIG. It is line sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the connection state of the column units of an upper and lower floor, (a) is a figure which shows connection operation of the 9A part of FIG. 3, (b) is sectional drawing of a connection completion state.

  FIG. 1 shows a wooden house to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 (a) shows a south elevation, and FIG. 1 (b) shows an east elevation. As shown in FIG. 1, this example is a two-story house, and the outer wall surface shown in the south elevation of FIG. 1 (a) is formed by two strut units 4 on the first and second floors. The outer wall surface shown in the east elevation is formed by four support units 4 on the first floor and three support units 4 on the second floor.

  Each wall surface is provided with an opening 10 such as a high window, a waist window, or a sweep window.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the column unit 4 includes an outer wall column 2 having a substantially square cross section, a frame body 3, and a beam member 1. The column unit 4 is assembled in advance in a factory and conveyed to a construction site. A plurality of outer wall columns 2 are included in each column unit 4, and each of them has the same cross-sectional area, in other words, the same strength. Further, all the outer wall columns 2 are arranged at regular intervals so that the column unit 4 can be borne evenly when the column units 4 are connected in the horizontal direction as will be described later. To be.

  The frame body 3 is formed by framing a frame material into a rectangular shape and further arranging a spacer 3a at the center. The depth dimension (D3) of the frame 3 is formed smaller than the dimension in the depth direction (D2) of the outer wall column 2 as shown in FIG. It adheres to the side wall of the outer wall column 2 and the lower edge of the beam member 1 along the upper edge in FIG.

  This frame 3 also serves as a gauge that adjusts the interval (W2) between the outer wall struts 2 to match a predetermined design value by strictly managing the lateral (W3) dimension, and has an opening on the wall surface. When 10 is formed, a window frame or a sash is incorporated in the frame 3. The frame 3 also functions as a gauge by strictly managing the vertical direction (H3) dimension and the crossing angle (θ) between the vertical and horizontal frame members, and thereby the assembled state of the outer wall column 2 and the beam member 1 Is adjusted to match a predetermined design value.

  The beam member 1 is fixed to the upper end of the outer wall column 2 and the frame body 3 to constitute the upper end portion of the column unit 4. As shown in FIG. 2C, the beam member 1 is fixed to the outer wall column 2 by connecting pins 11 having sufficient tensile strength inserted into the head of the outer wall column 2 and the lower edge of the beam member 1. Is connected to both the outer wall column 2 and the beam member 1 by the drift pin 12 having sufficient shear strength, and sufficient peeling and pulling strength is ensured.

  Further, the connecting pin 11 is fixed to the upper end of the beam 1 with the upper end protruding, and a connected portion 8 is formed which can be inserted into a hole-like base connecting portion 7 formed at the lower end of the outer wall column 2. In addition, an inter-unit connecting bracket 6 for connecting the column units 4 on the same floor to each other is fixed to the beam member 1 as necessary.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (d), a load bearing plate 13 such as a structural plywood is attached to the entire rear surface of the support unit 4 that is framed as described above, that is, the surface on the outdoor side. The support unit 4 is completed by fixing the heat insulating material 14.

  The construction method of the outer wall using the above column unit 4 is shown in FIG. First, anchors 16 are embedded and fixed in advance at predetermined intervals on the concrete foundation 15 installed on the foundation of the house, and the column units 4 are sequentially fixed by fixing the outer wall columns 2 to the anchors 16.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, prior to erecting the column unit 4, a long synthetic resin foundation packing 17 is placed on the concrete foundation 15 in the longitudinal direction of the installation wall surface. A base made of wood (wall support base portion 5) is disposed on 17. The base 5 is held on the foundation packing 17 with both side edges in the width direction supported by support parts provided on both side edges of the foundation packing 17.

  In this example, a hole-down structure with high resistance to the lifting force is formed at the four corners of the house where the lifting force during an earthquake is large.

  The hole-down structure is formed by connecting the outer wall column 2 of the column unit 4 to the base connection anchor 16 so as not to be lifted, and as shown in FIG. 4A, a cylindrical connector 18 formed in a cylindrical shape. And a connecting pipe 19.

  The cylindrical connector 18 is fitted into a circular through hole provided in the base 5 and connected to the anchor 16 using a nut 20, and the connecting pipe 19 is connected to the cylindrical connector 18 via a pressure contact blade 19 a. It is press-fitted into the hollow part.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the cylindrical connecting tool 18 and the connecting pipe 19 are fastened together by a base 21, the cylindrical connecting tool 18, and a bolt 21 that passes through the connecting pipe 19. In the connected state to the cylindrical connector 18, the distal end portion of the connecting pipe 19 protrudes from the base 5 to form a connected portion 8, and the outer wall column 2 of the column unit 4 is connected to the base connecting portion 7 established at the lower end. After being fitted to the portion 8, the drift pin 12 is fixed to the base 5 by penetrating the connected portion 8.

  In this example, the cylindrical connector 18 also serves as a connecting relay member for another adjacent base 5 ′, and a connecting bracket 22 having a U-shaped cross section is formed on a bolt 21 that penetrates the cylindrical connector 18. It is tightened together.

  The connecting blade piece 22a formed on the connecting fitting 22 is fitted into the fitting groove 5a formed in the adjacent base 5 ', and then fixed to the adjacent base 5' by the drift pin 12 penetrating the connecting blade piece 22a. The

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the anchors 16 other than the corners penetrate the base 5, and the connecting pipe 23 is screwed into the tip thereof. The distal end portion of the connecting pipe 23 protrudes from the base 5 to form the connected portion 8, and the outer wall column 2 other than the corners connects the base connecting portion 7 to the connected portion 8 using the drift pins 12. To be fixed to the base 5.

  4 and 6, reference numeral 24 denotes a floor base plywood fixed on a base.

  After the column unit 4 including the outer wall column 2 serving as the corner column is installed as described above, the other column unit 4 (in the installed unit) cooperates with the column unit 4 (installed unit) to form the corner of the house. A connecting unit 4 ′) is installed. As the connecting unit 4 ′, a unit in which the frame body 3 is arranged at a portion adjacent to the outer wall column 2 of the installed unit 4 is used. As in the installed unit 4, the base connecting part 7 of the outer wall column 2 is connected to the base 5. After being fitted to the protruding connected portion 8, it is fixed by the drift pin 12 and installed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, an inter-unit connecting bracket 6 is fixed to the beam member 1 of the installed unit 4, and as shown in FIG. After inserting into the fitting groove 4a formed in the beam member 1 of the connecting unit 4 ′, the both pillar units 4, 4 ′ are connected to each other by inserting the drift pin 12.

  By connecting the two column units 4 and 4 'to each other in an orthogonal manner, they complement each other and ensure an upright state.

  The wall surface is completed by standing upright while sequentially connecting the other column units 4 to the column units 4 in the above corners. As shown in FIG. 8, the column units 4 are connected to each other by making the outer wall column 2 of one column unit 4 and the frame 3 of the other column unit 4 correspond to each other. After connecting the inter-unit connecting bracket 6 fixed to the beam member 1 on the outer wall column 2 side into the fitting groove 4a formed in the beam member 1 of the other column unit 4 in the same manner as the connection between the drift pins, 12 is inserted and fixed.

  After installing the wall surface of the first floor portion as described above, the wall surface of the second floor (upper floor) portion is installed. As shown in FIG. 2, the beam member 1 of the support unit 4 is formed with a connected portion 8 by a connection pin 11, and the upper floor wall is formed of the support unit 4 on the lower floor side as shown in FIG. After fixing the floor base plywood 24 on the beam material 1 ', the base connecting part 7 of the outer wall column 2 on the upper floor side is fitted to the connected part 8 and the drift pin 12 is fixed and installed.

  The arrangement of the connecting pin 11 to the beam member 1 of the lower floor side pillar unit 4 ′ is arranged at a position corresponding to the outer wall pillar 2 of the upper floor side pillar unit 4 laminated thereon, and corresponds to the corner pillar. In the position, the connection position of the lower wall side column unit 4 ′ to the anchor 16 of the outer wall column 2 and the connection position of the outer wall column 2 of the upper floor column unit 4 are arranged in a straight line.

  As shown in FIG. 2D, an inner wall plate material 9 such as a plaster board is fixed to the indoor side wall surface of the wall surface formed as described above. In this state, the outer wall column 2 of each column unit 4 has a true wall structure that protrudes from the inner wall plate 9 toward the indoor side.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Beam material 2 Outer wall support | pillar 3 Frame 4 Support | pillar unit 5 Wall surface support base part 6 Inter-unit connection metal fitting 7 Base connection part 8 Connected part 9 Inner wall board material

Claims (6)

A method for constructing an outer wall of a house in a conventional construction method in which an outer wall of a house is formed by arranging a face material between outer wall struts that support an upper load such as a roof and a floor as a line load together with a beam,
Fix the plurality of column units formed by fixing the appropriate number of outer wall columns and the frame body that supports the face material adjacent to the outer wall columns in advance so that the lower end of each outer wall column can not be pulled out to the wall support base. In addition, a method for constructing an outer wall of a house in a conventional construction method in which other adjacent strut units are connected to each other laterally via an inter-unit coupling metal to form an outdoor wall of the house.   The upper edge of the column unit is formed by an outer wall column and a single beam member fixed to the upper edge of the frame body, and the wall surface supporting base portion of the column unit on which the beam member is arranged on the upper floor The exterior wall construction method of the house in the conventional construction method of Claim 1 which becomes.   The said support | pillar unit connects a support | pillar unit sequentially and starts extending the wall surface from the corner part of the house which connected the L-shape and maintained the self-supporting state as a starting point, The conventional construction method of Claim 1 or 2 Exterior wall construction method. A frame as a holding body for a plurality of outer wall struts in the conventional construction method that receives the upper load of the roof, floor, etc. as a line load together with the beam material, and a face material holder that is fixed between the side walls of the outer wall struts and arranged between the outer wall struts And are integrally formed,
A column unit for a conventional construction method in which a base connecting portion that connects to a wall surface supporting base portion is provided at the lower end of each outer wall column. A plurality of outer wall struts and a frame, and a single beam member fixed to the upper end of the outer wall struts so as not to be pulled out;
5. The conventional column support unit according to claim 4, wherein the beam member is formed with a connected portion for connecting the base connection portion of another conventional column support unit disposed on the upper floor so that the base connection portion cannot be pulled out. .   The column unit for a conventional construction method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein an inner wall end portion of the outer wall column protrudes from the surface of the inner wall plate fixed to the indoor corresponding surface of the frame body to form a true wall.

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