JP5159821B2 - Bearing wall construction method for wooden framed buildings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a bearing wall construction method in a wooden frame building.

In a wooden framework building constructed by a wooden framework construction method, a bearing wall is generally configured by using a face material made of structural plywood.
In this case, in the case of a large wall structure, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), the upper and lower ends of the inter-column 21 are joined to the beam 22 and the base 23 by diagonal nailing, and then a face material 24 made of a structural plywood is attached. A structure in which the base 23, the left and right pillars 25, the beam members 22 and the intermediate pillars 21 are nailed and attached is common. In the figure, 26 is a floor plywood, 27 is a joist receiving a floor plywood, and 28 is a joist receiving a joist 27. The joist supports 28 are joined to the inner surface of the base 23 by nailing or hardware as shown in the figure. The floor plywood 26 is not usually placed on the upper surface of the base 23 as shown in the figure in order to avoid interference with the pillars or the studs.
In the case of a true wall structure, as shown in FIG. 13 (b), the upper and lower ends of the inter-columns 21 are coupled to the beams 22 and the base 23 by diagonal nailing as described above, and then the left and right columns 25 and the base 23 are connected. The frame member 29 is nailed to the beam 22 and then the face member 30 is nailed to each frame member 29. The floor plywood 26, the joists 27, and the joists 28 are the same as in FIG.
As described above, in a conventional load-bearing wall in a wooden framed building, the floor plywood is usually placed on the joists 27 that do not rest on the top surface of the base 23, that is, in a manner that does not rest on the top surface of the base 23.

By the way, when constructing a load-bearing wall with a true wall structure, a load-bearing wall panel in which a face material is bonded to a rectangular frame composed of a lower frame material, an upper frame material, and left and right vertical frame materials with a structural plywood at the factory. Manufacturing and bringing this load-bearing wall panel into a construction site and fitting it into a rectangular shaft opening formed by a base, left and right columns, and beams constitutes a load-bearing wall (Patent Document 1). 2, 3, etc.). In this case, the studs may also be incorporated in the frame of the load-bearing wall panel (Patent Documents 2, 3, etc.).
However, even in the case of this construction method in which the load bearing wall panel is fitted into the shaft assembly opening, the entire outer peripheral surface of the rectangular frame body is in direct contact with the inner surface of the rectangular shaft assembly opening. It fits in the opening. Therefore, the floor plywood is installed in a manner that does not rest on the top surface of the base.

JP 2008-240386 (see FIG. 5) JP-A-8-302861 (see FIGS. 1 to 4) Utility model registration No. 3025069

In order to improve the workability of building work, it is extremely effective to enable building elements to be produced in a factory, and various building elements are used. The same applies to the load-bearing wall in a wooden framed building, but the load-bearing wall structure of the large wall structure shown in FIG. 13 (a) is originally not suitable for factory production.
In order to enable factory production, a true wall structure is appropriate. However, in a load-bearing wall structure as shown in FIG. 13 (b), the frame material 29 is attached to the shaft assembly opening at the site to face the frame material 29. Since construction is mainly performed by nailing the material 30, the workability is not improved.

Since the structure using the load-bearing wall panel shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 can be constructed by bringing the load-bearing wall panel produced in the factory into the construction site, the workability is improved.
However, it is desired to further improve the workability of these conventional load-bearing wall structures using load-bearing wall panels.
The present invention was made based on the above background, and is a wooden framed building that can greatly improve the workability of on-site construction when a load bearing wall structure is constructed using a load bearing wall panel that can be produced in a factory. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a bearing wall.

The invention of claim 1 which solves the above problem is surrounded by a lower horizontal member, left and right columns spaced apart from the lower horizontal member, and an upper horizontal member horizontally mounted between the columns at the upper part of the column. A load-bearing wall construction method in a wooden frame building that builds a load-bearing wall by attaching a true-wall-type load-bearing wall panel to a rectangular shaft opening,
Producing the load-bearing wall panel in advance at the factory,
The load-bearing wall panel is manufactured at the factory by forming a rectangular shape with the lower frame material, the upper frame material, and the left and right vertical frame materials and one or more parallel to the vertical frame material between the left and right vertical frame materials. Nailed and pasted a face material made of a rectangular structural plywood on the outside surface of the rectangular frame body provided with the inner frame material, and the rectangular frame body of the load-bearing wall panel as a shaft assembly On the other hand, markings indicating the positions of points to be nailed are applied to a plurality of locations on the inner surface of the rectangular frame, and at this time, at least the left and right vertical frame members form two staggered rows on both sides of the center position in the width direction of the inner surface. It is manufactured by marking the position ,
At a construction site, a floor plywood having a sufficient thickness of 24-28 mm capable of forming a load-bearing floor is measured between the lower horizontal member and two lower horizontal members spaced apart from each other and having an upper surface height. position is established by the manner in which the lower upper surface of the horizontal member in the same height position being laterally bridged junction, Ru is supported only by the second lower horizontal member of a plurality of minimum column spacing equal intervals,
Then, nailing the edge of the floor plywood that is placed on the upper surface of the lower horizontal member to fix the floor plywood to the lower horizontal member ,
Next, the load-bearing wall panel is fitted into the rectangular shaft opening in such a manner that the load-bearing wall panel is placed on an edge of the floor plywood fixed to the lower horizontal member,
Next, the upper frame material of the rectangular frame body of the load-bearing wall panel to which the heat insulating material is not attached at least at the stage of attaching the frame assembly to the upper horizontal material, and the lower frame material to the lower horizontal material via the floor plywood The left and right vertical frame members are respectively connected to the left and right pillars from the inner surface side of the frame material to the staggered 2 from the inner surface side of the frame material. It is characterized in that it is joined by nailing in accordance with the markings provided at the positions forming the rows.

According to the load-bearing wall construction method of the present invention, since the load-bearing wall panel manufactured at the factory is brought into the construction site for construction, the frame material is nailed and attached to the frame assembly on the site, and then the frame material is framed. Compared to the conventional structure where nailing is used for mounting, the on-site construction is significantly reduced and the workability is improved.
In addition, since the inner wall material that performs the function of the studs is already provided on the load-bearing wall panel, the complicated work of joining the studs to the upper and lower horizontal members by diagonal nailing is not required as in the conventional structure. Yes, workability is also improved in this respect.

The load-bearing wall panel incorporated in the shaft assembly opening can be joined to the shaft assembly material by nailing the surrounding frame materials (vertical frame material and upper and lower frame materials) from the inside to the shaft assembly material. The nailing operation from the inside is easier than the diagonal nailing operation, so the workability is good and less skill is required.
Since the frame material around the load-bearing wall panel can be nailed from the inside, and the inner surface of the rectangular frame body is marked to indicate the position to be nailed with respect to the shaft assembly material, the operator does the marking. By simply nailing the mark as a mark, it is possible to nail to a predetermined position with high accuracy, and the work is easy and the workability is improved. In addition, stable and good construction quality can be ensured.

Moreover, since the edge part of a floor plywood is being fixed on the lower horizontal member (base on the first floor), the structure of a floor assembly is simplified and workability improves.
In particular, a floor plywood with a sufficient thickness of 24-28 mm that can form a load-bearing floor is used, so the second lower horizontal member (first floor) with the same height as the lower horizontal member (base on the first floor) In this case, it is possible to construct a load-bearing floor simply by laterally joining between the lower horizontal members, and the floor assembly structure is significantly simplified.

One Example of the load-bearing wall structure in the wooden frame building of this invention is shown, (A) is a front view of a load-bearing wall structure, (B) is AA sectional drawing of (B), (C) is. It is BB sectional drawing of (a). FIG. 1 shows the load-bearing wall panel in FIG. 1, (A) is a front view of the load-bearing wall panel, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of (A), and (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of (A). is there. It is a figure explaining marking a nailing position (x mark) on the inner surface of the frame of the load bearing wall panel when the load bearing wall panel is incorporated in the shaft assembly opening (marking of a portion that is hidden and cannot be seen in the figure) Is also shown by a solid line). It is a figure explaining the point which fits the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel in a shaft assembly opening, (i) before fitting, (b) shows the state fitted. FIGS. 4A and 4B are perspective views, where FIG. 4A shows a state before fitting, and FIG. 4B shows a fitted state. It is a figure explaining the joining procedure which joins the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel fitted in the shaft assembly opening to the shaft assembly material, and is a detailed view of E part of FIG. It is. It is a figure explaining the joining procedure which joins the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel fitted in the shaft assembly opening to the shaft assembly material, and is a detailed view of F part of FIG. It is. It is a figure explaining the joining point which joins the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel fitted in the shaft assembly opening to the shaft assembly material, and is a detailed view of G portion in FIG. It is. It is a figure explaining the joining point which joins the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel fitted in the shaft assembly opening to the shaft assembly material, and is a detailed view of H portion in FIG. 1 (a) (contains upper horizontal member and upper frame member) It is. The other example (when a pillar space | interval is 2 times of FIG. 1) in the wooden frame building of this invention is shown, (A) is a front view of a bearing wall structure, (B) is ( (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II, and (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line JJ of (a). 10 shows the load-bearing wall panel in FIG. 10, (A) is a front view of the load-bearing wall panel, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line KK in (B), and (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line LL in (B). is there. It is a figure explaining the floor structure of the wooden frame building provided with the said load-bearing wall structure, (A) is a perspective view of the principal part which shows the floor structure before incorporating a load-bearing wall panel, (B) is (B) It is MM sectional drawing of. Fig. 2 shows a conventional bearing wall structure. (A) is a large wall type bearing wall structure (right side is front view, left side is vertical section), (A) is true wall type bearing wall structure (right side is front view, The left side is a longitudinal sectional view).

  Hereinafter, the bearing wall structure in the wooden frame building which implemented this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a load-bearing wall structure in a wooden frame building of the present invention, where (A) is a front view of the load-bearing wall structure 1, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in (B). (C) is a BB sectional view of (A). FIG. 2 shows the load-bearing wall panel in FIG. 1. (a) is a front view of the load-bearing wall panel 2, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of (b), and (c) is a line D- of (b). It is D sectional drawing.
This bearing wall structure 1 is basically composed of a lower horizontal member 3 such as a base or a trunk difference, left and right columns 4 spaced from the lower horizontal member 3, and an upper column between the columns. The structure is such that a true-wall type load bearing wall panel 2 is attached to a rectangular shaft opening 6 surrounded by an upper horizontal member 5 such as a beam or a girder that is horizontally mounted. This is a structure in which the load-bearing wall panel 2 is fitted and joined to the shaft assembly opening 6 in a state where the end edge portion of the floor plywood 7 is fixed.
FIG. 1 shows a load bearing wall structure in which the load bearing wall panel 2 is attached to each of two shaft assembly openings 6 having a column interval of, for example, 910 mm.

The load-bearing wall panel 2 forms a rectangular shape with the lower frame member 11, the upper frame member 12, and the left and right vertical frame members 13 and 13, and is parallel to the vertical frame member 13 between the left and right vertical frame members 13 and 13. A rectangular frame 15 provided with an intermediate frame member 14 is provided, and a face material 16 made of a rectangular structural plywood having the same size is nailed and attached to one side surface of the rectangular frame 15.
This load-bearing wall panel 2 is manufactured at the factory, but the lower end surfaces of the left and right vertical frame members 13 and 13 and the intermediate middle frame member 14 are abutted against both end portions and the intermediate portion of the lower frame member 11, and are nailed and joined ( 6 and 7), and the upper end surfaces of the left and right vertical frame members 13 and 13 and the intermediate middle frame member 14 are abutted against both end portions and the intermediate portion of the upper frame member 12, and are joined by nailing (see FIG. 6 and FIG. 7). 8 and FIG. 9), a rectangular frame 15 is formed, and the face material 16 is nailed and pasted on one side of the rectangular frame 15 to form the load-bearing wall panel 2. . 6-9 is a figure for demonstrating the junction part by the nail driving | running | working of a member and a member, and has shown not only one cross section but several cross sections.

As for the size of each frame material 11, 12, 13, 14 of the embodiment, the thickness is, for example, 30 mm, the width varies depending on the cross-sectional dimension of the pillar 4, and in the embodiment, a face material can be attached to both sides, The thickness is made smaller than the thickness of the pillar 4 by twice the thickness of the face material 16 (however, when the face material is not attached to both sides, it is made smaller by the thickness of the face material 16).
The structural plywood used for the face material 16 is a high-strength insulation board having a thickness of 12 mm. However, different thicknesses and other types of wood boards can be used as required.
The outer dimensions of the load-bearing wall panel 2 (that is, the outer dimensions of the rectangular frame 16) are the lower horizontal member (more precisely, the lower horizontal member on which the edge of the floor plywood 7 is placed) 3 and the left and right columns 4. And the outer dimensions of the shaft assembly opening 6 that is a space surrounded by the upper horizontal member 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, on the inner surface of the rectangular frame 15 of the load-bearing wall panel 2, when attached to the shaft assembly opening, the shaft assembly material (lower horizontal member 3, column 4, upper horizontal member 5). Marking (indicated by a cross) indicating the position to be nailed is performed.
Marking each frame member 11, 12, 13, 14 may be performed after the load bearing wall panel 2 is assembled, or may be at the stage of only the rectangular frame 15 before the face member 16 is attached, It may be in the stage of a shaft assembly that is not joined. In FIG. 3, markings that are hidden and cannot be seen are also indicated by solid lines. In addition, the specific mark itself of marking is not restricted to x mark as shown in figure, (circle) mark, (triangle | delta) mark, and other arbitrary.

Before fitting the above-mentioned load-bearing wall panel 2 into the shaft assembly opening 6, the floor plywood 7 is constructed as shown in FIGS. The floor plywood 7 is a thick structural plywood having a thickness of 24 to 28 mm.
The floor plywood 7 is horizontally joined to two lower horizontal members (bases on the first floor) 3 and 3 which are parallel to each other at a distance, and the upper surface height position is the same as that of the lower horizontal member 3. Arranged on the second lower horizontal member (large pull on the first floor) 8, the edge of the floor plywood 7 is provided with a notch 7 a for dodging the pillar 4, and placed on the lower horizontal member 3; Then, fix it by nailing (see FIGS. 6 and 7). In this embodiment, the interval p between the second lower horizontal members 8 is set to the minimum column interval p in the wooden frame building, that is, the interval of 910 mm. However, it is not limited to this. It can be 910 mm or less. As described above, joists used in a general wooden frame structure are not used.
As the means for joining the second lower horizontal member 8 and the lower horizontal member 3, any appropriate means such as, for example, joining by a hardware, joining by striking and slanting, and joining by a processed joint can be adopted. Thus, the floor plywood 7 is supported only by the second lower horizontal member 8 and the lower horizontal member 3 that receives the edge of the floor plywood.
As described above, since the edge portion of the floor plywood 7 is fixed on the lower horizontal member, the structure of the floor assembly is simplified and the workability is improved.
In particular, by using a floor plywood with sufficient thickness, as in the example, the second lower horizontal member (large on the first floor) whose upper surface height position is the same as the lower horizontal member (base on the first floor). The load-bearing floor can be constructed simply by laterally joining the lower horizontal members between the lower horizontal members, and the floor assembly structure is greatly simplified.

Next, the load-bearing wall panel 2 is attached to the edge of the floor plywood 7 as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B) (as shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B)). It is fitted into a shaft assembly opening 6 which is a space surrounded by the lower horizontal member 3, the left and right columns 4 and the upper horizontal member 5.
Next, the frame members 11, 12, 13 around the rectangular frame 15 of the load bearing wall panel 2 are nailed and joined to the shaft assembly members 3, 5, 4 from the inside of the frame members 11, 12, 13, respectively. That is, the lower frame member 11 is nailed and joined to the lower horizontal member 3 via the floor plywood 7 (FIGS. 6 and 7), and the upper frame member 12 is nailed to the upper horizontal member 5 from the inside. Bonding is performed (see FIGS. 8 and 9), and the vertical frame member 13 is nailed to the pillar 4 from the inside to be bonded (see FIGS. 7 and 9).
The nailing operation described above is a nailing operation from the inside of the frame members 11, 12, and 13 (from the inside of the rectangular frame), but the nailing operation from the inside of the frame material is easier than the diagonal nailing operation. Workability is good and less skill is required.

  In addition, when performing the above-described nail driving, the operator nails using the marking (x mark) described in FIG. 3 as a mark. In this way, it is possible to accurately nail to a predetermined position only by nailing with the marking as a mark, so that the work is easy and the workability is improved. In addition, stable and good construction quality can be ensured.

In the load bearing wall configured as described above, a structural plywood having a predetermined rigidity is used as the face material 16, and the rectangular frame 15 of the load bearing wall panel 2 has a predetermined rigidity. Since the frame members 11, 12, and 13 are firmly joined to the frame assembly member by nailing with a specified specification, a bearing wall with sufficient strength can be obtained.
Further, the middle frame member 14 of the load-bearing wall panel 2 serves as a reinforcement against horizontal force such as wind pressure acting on the load-bearing wall panel 2 and also functions as a normal stud such as facilitating the mounting of exterior members and other members. Fulfill.

According to the load-bearing wall structure of the present invention, as described above, the load-bearing wall panel 2 manufactured at the factory is brought into the construction site for construction. Compared to the conventional structure as shown in FIG. 13 (b) in which the material is nailed and attached to the frame material, the on-site construction is significantly reduced and the workability is improved.
Further, since the bearing wall panel 2 is already provided with the intermediate frame member 14 that functions as a stud, the complicated work of joining the stud to the upper and lower horizontal members by diagonal nailing is performed as in the conventional structure. This is unnecessary and the workability is improved in this respect as well.

10 and 11 show a load-bearing wall panel structure 1 ′ when the column spacing is twice that of FIG. 1 (that is, 1820 mm). 10A is a front view of the bearing wall structure 1 ′, FIG. 10B is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 10A, and FIG. 10C is a sectional view taken along the line JJ of FIG. FIG. 11 shows the load-bearing wall panel 2 ′ in FIG. 10, (A) is a front view of the load-bearing wall panel 2 ′, (B) is a sectional view taken along the line KK of (B), and (C) is (B). It is LL sectional drawing of.
This bearing wall structure 1 ′ differs from the bearing wall structure 1 of Example 1 only in that the column spacing is doubled, and is basically the same as the basic structure.
The rectangular frame body 15 ′ of the load-bearing wall panel 2 ′ of this embodiment is provided with an intermediate frame member 17 at an intermediate portion between the left and right vertical frame members 13, and an intermediate between the intermediate frame member 17 and the left and right vertical frame members 13. An intermediate frame member 14 is provided. Each of the middle frame member 14 and the intermediate frame member 17 has a function of a stud.
As the face material 16 ′ to be attached to the rectangular frame 15 ′, two face materials 16a ′ that are slightly wider than the face material 16 used in the load bearing wall panel 2 of the first embodiment are used, and left and right portions of the rectangular frame 15 ′. Each is pasted.
In this load-bearing wall panel 2 ', the length of the upper and lower frame members 11 and 12 of the rectangular frame body is increased, the intermediate frame member 17 is provided, the middle frame member 14 is increased by one, and the width of the face member to be used is slightly increased. Except for the point which became wide, it is the same as that of the load-bearing wall panel 2 for column spacing 910mm.
The positions (dimension a) of the middle frame member 14 from both ends in the width direction of the rectangular frame 15 ′ are the same as the dimension a in the load-bearing wall panel 2 for the column interval 910 mm. The interval b between the middle frame member 14 and the intermediate frame member 17 is longer than the dimension a by half the width dimension of the column 4.
As described above, the load-bearing wall panel 2 'for the column spacing 1820mm has many common parts with the structure of the load-bearing wall panel 2 for the column spacing 910mm, and various other materials, ease of manufacture, workability, etc. This is advantageous.
As described above, the load-bearing wall structure 1 ′ using the load-bearing wall panel 2 ′ is basically different from the load-bearing wall structure 1 of the first embodiment as the column spacing is doubled. Detailed description is omitted.

In the above-described embodiment, the face material of the load-bearing wall panel 2 is attached to one side of the rectangular frame, but it can also be attached to both sides.
The load-bearing wall structure of the present invention can be applied to a one-story, two-story or three-story wooden frame building, and can be applied to any of the first, second, or third-floor wall structures. .

1, 1 'bearing wall structure 2, 2' bearing wall panel 3 Lower horizontal member 4 Pillar 5 Upper horizontal member 6 Axle opening 7 Floor plywood 8 Second lower horizontal member (Large drawing)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Lower frame material 12 Upper frame material 13 Vertical frame material 14 Middle frame material 15 Rectangular frame body 16,16 ', 16a' Face material 17 Intermediate frame material

Claims (1)

Strength of a true wall system in a rectangular frame opening surrounded by a lower horizontal member, left and right columns spaced apart from this lower horizontal member, and an upper horizontal member placed between the columns at the upper part of the column A method for constructing a load-bearing wall in a wooden framed building for building a load-bearing wall to which a wall panel is attached,
Producing the load-bearing wall panel in advance at the factory,
The load-bearing wall panel is manufactured at the factory by forming a rectangular shape with the lower frame material, the upper frame material, and the left and right vertical frame materials and one or more parallel to the vertical frame material between the left and right vertical frame materials. Nailed and pasted a face material made of a rectangular structural plywood on the outside surface of the rectangular frame body provided with the inner frame material, and the rectangular frame body of the load-bearing wall panel as a shaft assembly On the other hand, markings indicating the positions of points to be nailed are applied to a plurality of locations on the inner surface of the rectangular frame, and at this time, at least the left and right vertical frame members form two staggered rows on both sides of the center position in the width direction of the inner surface. It is manufactured by marking the position ,
At a construction site, a floor plywood having a sufficient thickness of 24-28 mm capable of forming a load-bearing floor is measured between the lower horizontal member and two lower horizontal members spaced apart from each other and having an upper surface height. position is established by the manner in which the lower upper surface of the horizontal member in the same height position being laterally bridged junction, Ru is supported only by the second lower horizontal member of a plurality of minimum column spacing equal intervals,
Then, nailing the edge of the floor plywood that is placed on the upper surface of the lower horizontal member to fix the floor plywood to the lower horizontal member ,
Next, the load-bearing wall panel is fitted into the rectangular shaft opening in such a manner that the load-bearing wall panel is placed on an edge of the floor plywood fixed to the lower horizontal member,
Next, the upper frame material of the rectangular frame body of the load-bearing wall panel to which the heat insulating material is not attached at least at the stage of attaching the frame assembly to the upper horizontal material, and the lower frame material to the lower horizontal material via the floor plywood The left and right vertical frame members are respectively connected to the left and right pillars from the inner surface side of the frame material to the staggered 2 from the inner surface side of the frame material. A method for constructing a load-bearing wall in a wooden framed building, wherein nailing is performed in accordance with markings provided at positions in a row and joining.

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