JP6552239B2 - Exterior wall construction method of house - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an outer wall construction method for a house.

  As a construction method of a house, mainly a wooden house, there has conventionally been a framework method in which braces or plywood are fixed between pillars erected in advance to form a bearing wall and roof load etc. are received as line load of the framework Two-by-four construction method, wood panel construction method, etc., a structural plywood is stamped on a frame-shaped wood to form a box-type structure integrating a bearing wall and a hard floor, and a roof load etc. There are two types of construction methods in which the concept of load-bearing, that is, a wooden frame wall method to be received as a surface load, is completely different, and the method described in Patent Document 1 is a method of facilitating the formation of a surface material portion in a framing method. Are known.

  In this conventional example, the house outer wall is formed by fixing the panel body between the columns erected at predetermined intervals.

JP 2000-226896 A

  However, the above-described conventional example has a drawback in that the step of standing the columns independently is generated, so that the interval between the columns or the variation in the verticality of each column becomes large.

  The present invention was made to eliminate the above drawbacks, and improved the construction efficiency by constructing the standing position and standing posture of the column in the conventional construction method (shaft construction method) with high accuracy. The object is to provide a method for constructing an outer wall of a house, and a post unit for conventional method used for the same.

According to the invention said object is
It is a method for constructing an outer wall of a house in a conventional construction method in which an outer wall of a house is formed by arranging a face material between outer wall struts 2 that support an upper load such as a roof and a floor as a line load together with the beam material 1,
A plurality of outer wall struts 2 having a base connecting portion at the lower end and a plurality of frame bodies 3 that are all equal in width and support a face material on the side of the outer wall struts 2 The frame 3 is fixed to the side, or the column 3 is fixed between the plurality of outer wall columns 2 and the side of one outer wall column 2 to form the column unit 4 in advance.
In the wall support base portion 5, erected connection members that can be fitted to the base connection portion of the outer wall support 2 are provided at equal intervals,
After the base connecting part of the outer wall column 2 is fitted to the connected part of the wall supporting base part 5, the column units 4 are sequentially erected by fixing them so that they cannot be pulled out, and other adjacent column units 4 are united together. This is achieved by providing a method for constructing an outer wall of a house in a conventional construction method in which a house outdoor wall is formed by being interconnected laterally via an inter-connecting metal fitting.

  In the present invention, the construction of the outer wall is performed by installing a column unit 4 in which the outer wall column 2 and the frame 3 which is a support member for the face material are unitized in advance.

  There may be a single outer wall column 2 or a plurality of outer wall columns 2 in the column unit 4, and the column unit 4 formed by a single outer wall column 2 is bonded to the side of the outer wall column 2 with a frame 3 or the like. It is formed by being fixed by a fixing means. Further, the column unit 4 having a plurality of outer wall columns 2 is formed by fixing the frame 3 between the outer wall columns 2, and when the two sets of column units 4 are adjacent to each other, the outer wall columns 2 are adjacent to each other. The frame 3 is disposed at the end of one of the column units 4 so as not to be.

  The frame 3 of the column unit 4 in the present invention has a function of accurately maintaining the interval between the outer wall columns 2 in addition to the function as a support member for the face material. In the state where the column unit 4 is erected, the interval between the outer wall columns 2 is accurately managed, so that fine adjustment work during construction is unnecessary and construction efficiency is improved, and generation of gaps and the like is prevented. It will be possible to

  In addition, when the outer wall support 2 is erected on the wall support base 5 such as a base alone, it is very difficult to ensure the perpendicularity to the wall support base 5, but the support unit 4 having a plurality of outer wall support 2. In the case of erecting the walls, since the parallelism between the outer wall columns 2 is guaranteed in units of the column units 4, the wall support base portion 5 can be made long simply by connecting each outer wall column 2 to the wall surface support base portion 5 Since the perpendicularity to the direction is automatically secured, and further, once the strut unit 4 is fixed, the verticality of the other strut units 4 is also automatically secured only by connecting it to the construction efficiency. In addition, improvement in assembly accuracy can be achieved.

  Furthermore, the roof load and the like are basically transmitted as an axial force to the outer wall column 2, but the frame 3 fixed between the outer wall columns 2 has the strength of the entire building in order to function as a load bearing wall. In addition, it can function as a load-bearing factor against rolls during an earthquake, so that it is possible to improve earthquake resistance.

In addition, as another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,
The upper edge of the column unit 4 is formed by a single beam member 1 fixed to the outer wall column 2 and the upper edge of the frame 3, and the column unit 4 is arranged on the upper floor. The exterior wall construction method of the house in the conventional construction method used as the wall surface support base part 5 of this can be comprised.

  In the present invention, the upper edge portion of the column unit 4 is formed of a single beam 1, and the wall surface of the upper floor is the lower layer side beam 1 to the outer wall column 2 of the upper column 4 It is connected and fixed.

Furthermore, as another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,
The column unit 4 constitutes a method for constructing an outer wall of a house in a conventional construction method in which the wall unit is extended by sequentially connecting the column units 4 starting from the corner of the house that is connected in an L shape and maintained in an independent state. can do.

  In the present invention, the outer wall first connects the pair of column units 4 in an L shape at the corners of the house, and then connects the other column connection units along the wall support base 5 with these column units 4 as the base ends. It is formed in connection. By connecting the column units 4 in an L shape, the column units 4 complement each other so that the standing angle becomes a right angle, and other column units 4 connected to the column units 4 are also guided by the installed column units 4. As a result, since the vertical is sequentially secured, the construction efficiency is improved and the construction accuracy is improved.

The above construction method
A plurality of outer wall struts 2 in the conventional method for receiving the upper load of the roof, floor, etc. as a line load together with the beam member 1 and a holding member for the face material fixed between the side walls of the outer wall struts 2 and arranged between the outer wall struts 2 The frame 3 as a fixed and integrally formed,
A conventional construction support unit 4 provided with a base connecting portion 7 connected to the wall support 5 at the lower end of each outer wall support 2 can be used.

The column unit 4 has a frame on the side edge of the outer wall column 2 between the outer wall columns 2 and the outer wall columns 2 that bear the roof load or the like as an axial force in the conventional construction method, and as necessary. It is formed by fixing 3. Frame 3 made in the factory with high dimensional accuracy and fixed to the outer wall support 2
Since the function as an interval determination gauge when the outer wall support 2 is erected on the wall surface support base 5 can be expected, it is possible to improve the outer wall construction accuracy.

In addition, as another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,
A plurality of outer wall struts 2 and a frame 3 are disposed on the upper edges of the outer wall struts 2 and have a single beam member 1 fixed to the upper end of the outer wall struts 2 so that it cannot be pulled out;
The beam member 1 is formed with a connected column 8 for connecting a base connecting part 7 of another conventional method column unit 4 arranged on the upper floor so that it cannot be pulled out. Can be configured.

  In the present invention, the upper end portion of the column unit 4 is formed by a plurality of outer wall columns 2 and a single beam member 1 fixed to the upper end of the frame body 3, and the upper wall surface is the lower column side column Since it can be completed only by standing upright the column unit 4 on the upper floor while connecting the base connecting portion 7 of the outer wall column 2 to the connected portion 8 formed on the beam material 1 of the unit 4, construction efficiency Can be improved.

Furthermore, as another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,
The conventional method column unit 4 can be configured to form a true wall by projecting the indoor side end portion of the outer wall column 2 with respect to the surface of the inner wall plate 9 fixed to the indoor corresponding surface of the frame 3.

  In the present invention, which is based on the conventional construction method in which the outer wall support 2 bears a roof load or the like as an axial force, the frame 3 is expected to function as a load bearing wall that resists horizontal forces due to seismic force and wind pressure. Therefore, it becomes easy to make a true wall. As a result, in the two-by-four method in which the wall surface is formed as a large wall, it is necessary to form a true wall by newly fixing a construction material or the like to the wall surface. A true wall can be formed without reducing the indoor area.

  According to the present invention, in the past, it was necessary to stand the outer wall support alone on the base or the like in the conventional construction method, so it was difficult to accurately manage the distance between the outer wall support etc. In the present invention, in the state where another column unit is erected singly or adjacently, since the distance between the outer wall columns is accurately managed, the fine adjustment work at the time of construction becomes unnecessary, and the construction efficiency is improved. In addition to the improvement, generation of gaps and the like can be prevented.

It is a figure which shows the wooden house to which this invention was applied, (a) is a south elevation, (b) is an east elevation. It is a figure showing a pillar unit, (a) is a front view, (b) is a B part enlarged view of (a), (c) is a 2C-2C line sectional view of (b), (d) is a (a) It is 2D-2D sectional view taken on the line. It is a figure which shows the wall surface of a house. It is a figure which shows the corner pillar part of a house, (a) is a 4A section longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, (b) is a figure which shows the installation process of a support | pillar unit. 5A is a sectional view taken along line 5A-5A of FIG. 4A, FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along line 5B-5B of FIG. 5A, and FIG. It is a figure which shows a connection process. It is a 6A section enlarged view of Drawing 3, and (a) is a sectional view and (b) is a figure showing the installation process of a pillar unit. FIG. 7A is a view showing a connection operation as viewed from the direction of 7A in FIG. 3, FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7B-7B in FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a connected state. It is a figure which shows the connection state of the support | pillar units arrange | positioned linearly, (a) is a figure which shows the connection operation of 8A part of FIG. 3, (b) is 8B-8B of FIG. 8 (a) in a connection completion state. FIG. It is a figure which shows the connection state of the column units of an upper and lower floor, (a) is a figure which shows connection operation of the 9A part of FIG. 3, (b) is sectional drawing of a connection completion state.

  FIG. 1 shows a wooden house to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 (a) shows a south elevation, and FIG. 1 (b) shows an east elevation. As shown in FIG. 1, the present example is a two-story house, and the outer wall surface shown in the south elevation view of FIG. 1 (a) is formed by two support units 4 on both the first and second floors, The outer wall surface shown in the east elevation view is formed by the support unit 4 with four sheets on the first floor part and the support unit 4 with two sheets on the second floor part.

  Each wall is provided with an opening 10 such as a high window, a waist window, or a discharge window.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the column unit 4 includes an outer wall column 2 having a substantially square cross section, a frame body 3, and a beam member 1. The column unit 4 is assembled in advance in a factory and conveyed to a construction site. A plurality of the outer wall struts 2 are included in each strut unit 4, and each of them is made to have the same cross-sectional area, in other words, the same strength. Further, all the outer wall columns 2 are arranged at regular intervals so that the column unit 4 can be borne evenly when the column units 4 are connected in the horizontal direction as will be described later. To be

  The frame 3 is formed by framing a frame material in a rectangular shape and further arranging a stud 3 a in the center. The depth dimension (D3) of the frame 3 is formed smaller than the dimension in the depth direction (D2) of the outer wall support 2 as shown in FIG. It adheres to the side wall of the outer wall support 2 and the lower edge of the beam 1 along the upper edge in FIG. 2 (d).

  This frame 3 also serves as a gauge that adjusts the interval (W2) between the outer wall struts 2 to match a predetermined design value by strictly managing the lateral (W3) dimension, and has an opening on the wall surface. When 10 is formed, a window frame or sash is incorporated in the frame 3. The frame 3 also functions as a gauge by strictly managing the vertical direction (H3) dimension and the crossing angle (θ) between the vertical and horizontal frame members, and thereby the assembled state of the outer wall column 2 and the beam member 1 Is adjusted to match a predetermined design value.

  The beam 1 is fixed to the upper end of the outer wall support 2 and the frame 3 to constitute an upper end portion of the support unit 4. As shown in FIG. 2C, the beam member 1 is fixed to the outer wall column 2 by connecting pins 11 having sufficient tensile strength inserted into the head of the outer wall column 2 and the lower edge of the beam member 1. Is connected to both the outer wall column 2 and the beam member 1 by the drift pin 12 having sufficient shear strength, and sufficient peeling and pulling strength is ensured.

  Further, the connecting pin 11 is fixed to the upper end of the beam 1 with the upper end protruding, and a connected portion 8 is formed which can be inserted into a hole-like base connecting portion 7 formed at the lower end of the outer wall column 2. In addition, an inter-unit connecting bracket 6 for connecting the column units 4 on the same floor to each other is fixed to the beam member 1 as necessary.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (d), a load bearing plate 13 such as a structural plywood is attached to the entire rear surface of the support unit 4 that is framed as described above, that is, the surface on the outdoor side. The support unit 4 is completed by fixing the heat insulating material 14.

  The construction method of the outer wall using the above support | pillar unit 4 is shown in FIG. 3 or less. First, anchors 16 are embedded and fixed in advance at predetermined intervals on the concrete foundation 15 installed on the foundation of the house, and the column units 4 are sequentially fixed by fixing the outer wall columns 2 to the anchors 16.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, prior to the erection of the column unit 4, a base packing 17 made of a long synthetic resin is placed on the concrete foundation 15 in the longitudinal direction of the installation wall. A wood base (wall support base 5) is disposed on the upper surface 17 of the table. The base 5 is held on the foundation packing 17 with both side edges in the width direction supported by support parts provided on both sides of the foundation packing 17.

  In this example, a hole down structure having high resistance to the rising force is formed at the four corners of the house where the rising force at the time of the earthquake is large.

  The hole-down structure is formed by connecting the outer wall column 2 of the column unit 4 to the base connection anchor 16 so as not to be lifted, and as shown in FIG. 4A, a cylindrical connector 18 formed in a cylindrical shape. And a connecting pipe 19.

  The cylindrical connector 18 is fitted into a circular through hole provided in the base 5 and connected to the anchor 16 using a nut 20, and the connecting pipe 19 is connected to the cylindrical connector 18 via a pressure contact blade 19 a. Is pressed into the hollow part of the

  As shown in FIG. 5, the cylindrical connecting tool 18 and the connecting pipe 19 are fastened together by a base 21, the cylindrical connecting tool 18, and a bolt 21 that passes through the connecting pipe 19. In the connected state to the cylindrical connector 18, the distal end portion of the connecting pipe 19 protrudes from the base 5 to form a connected portion 8, and the outer wall column 2 of the column unit 4 is connected to the base connecting portion 7 established at the lower end. After being fitted to the portion 8, the drift pin 12 is fixed to the base 5 by penetrating the connected portion 8.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the cylindrical connector 18 doubles as a connecting relay member of the adjacent other base 5 ′, and the bolt 21 penetrating the cylindrical connector 18 has a U-shaped connecting bracket 22 having a U-shaped cross section. It is tightened together.

  The connection wing piece 22a formed in the connection fitting 22 is fitted in the fitting groove 5a formed in the adjacent base 5 'and then fixed to the adjacent base 5' by the drift pin 12 penetrating the connection wing piece 22a. Ru.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the anchors 16 other than the above-mentioned corner penetrate the base 5, and the connection pipe 23 is screwed into the tip thereof. The distal end portion of the connecting pipe 23 protrudes from the base 5 to form the connected portion 8, and the outer wall column 2 other than the corners connects the base connecting portion 7 to the connected portion 8 using the drift pins 12. To be fixed to the base 5.

  In addition, in FIG. 4, 6, 24 shows the floor ground plywood fixed on a base.

  After the column unit 4 including the outer wall column 2 serving as the corner column is installed as described above, the other column unit 4 (in the installed unit) cooperates with the column unit 4 (installed unit) to form the corner of the house. A connecting unit 4 ′) is installed. As the connecting unit 4 ′, a unit in which the frame body 3 is arranged at a portion adjacent to the outer wall column 2 of the installed unit 4 is used. As in the installed unit 4, the base connecting part 7 of the outer wall column 2 is connected to the base 5. After being fitted to the protruding coupled portion 8, it is fixed and installed by the drift pin 12.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, the inter-unit connecting fitting 6 is fixed to the beam 1 of the installed units 4 and, as shown in FIG. 7, the connecting wing piece 6a of the inter-unit connecting fitting 6 is After being inserted into the fitting groove 4a formed in the beam 1 of the connecting unit 4 ', the two support units 4, 4' are connected to each other by inserting the drift pin 12.

  By mutually connecting the two support units 4, 4 'in an orthogonal manner, they mutually complement each other to ensure an upright position.

  The wall surface is completed by erecting the support units 4 at the corners while connecting the other support units 4 sequentially. As shown in FIG. 8, the column units 4 are connected to each other by making the outer wall column 2 of one column unit 4 and the frame 3 of the other column unit 4 correspond to each other. After inserting the inter-unit connection fitting 6 fixed to the beam 1 on the outer wall support 2 side into the fitting groove 4a formed in the beam 1 of the other post unit 4, as in the connection between Insert 12 and fix.

  After installing the wall surface of the first floor portion as described above, the wall surface of the second floor (upper floor) portion is installed. As shown in FIG. 2, the connected portion 8 is formed on the beam 1 of the column unit 4 by the connection pin 11, and the wall surface of the upper floor is the column unit 4 on the lower floor side as shown in FIG. After fixing the floor base plywood 24 on the beam material 1 ', the base connecting part 7 of the outer wall column 2 on the upper floor side is fitted to the connected part 8 and the drift pin 12 is fixed and installed.

  The arrangement of the connecting pin 11 to the beam member 1 of the lower floor side pillar unit 4 ′ is arranged at a position corresponding to the outer wall pillar 2 of the upper floor side pillar unit 4 laminated thereon, and corresponds to the corner pillar. In the position, the connection position of the outer wall support 2 of the lower floor support unit 4 'to the anchor 16 and the connection position of the outer wall support 2 of the upper support channel unit 4 are arranged in line.

  As shown in FIG. 2D, an inner wall plate material 9 such as a plaster board is fixed to the indoor side wall surface of the wall surface formed as described above. In this state, the outer wall support 2 of each support unit 4 has a true wall structure projecting to the indoor side from the inner wall plate 9.

Reference Signs List 1 beam 2 outer wall support 3 frame 4 support unit 5 wall support base portion 6 inter-unit connection fitting 7 base connection portion 8 connected portion 9 inner wall plate material

Claims (4)

A method for constructing an outer wall of a house in a conventional construction method in which an outer wall of a house is formed by arranging a face material between outer wall struts that support an upper load such as a roof and a floor as a line load together with a beam,
From a plurality of outer wall struts having a base connecting portion at the lower end, and a plurality of frame bodies that are all equal in width and support a face material on the side of the outer wall struts, the side of the single outer wall struts The frame unit is fixed by fixing the frame, or by fixing the frame between a plurality of outer wall columns and on the side of one of the outer wall columns to form a column unit in advance;
In the wall support base portion, connected portions that can be fitted to the base connection portion of the outer wall support stand erect at equal intervals,
After fitting the base connecting part of the outer wall column to the connected part of the wall surface supporting base part, fix the column unit in a standing manner by fixing it so that it cannot be pulled out, and connect the other column units adjacent to each other with the inter-unit connecting bracket. The exterior wall construction method of the house in the conventional construction method which forms a house outdoor wall mutually connected through the side.   The upper edge of the column unit is formed of an outer wall column and a single beam fixed to the upper edge of the frame, and the wall supporting base of the column unit on which the beam is disposed on the upper floor The exterior wall construction method of the house in the conventional construction method of Claim 1 which becomes.   The said support | pillar unit connects a support | pillar unit sequentially and starts extending the wall surface from the corner part of the house which connected the L-shape and maintained the self-supporting state as a starting point, The conventional construction method of Claim 1 or 2 Exterior wall construction method. 4. The method for constructing an outer wall of a house in the conventional construction method according to 1, 2, or 3, wherein a wall is formed by projecting an indoor side end portion of an outer wall column with respect to a surface of an inner wall plate member fixed to an indoor corresponding surface of the frame body.

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