JP2016160312A - ギヤ油用潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
ギヤ油用潤滑油組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016160312A JP2016160312A JP2015038758A JP2015038758A JP2016160312A JP 2016160312 A JP2016160312 A JP 2016160312A JP 2015038758 A JP2015038758 A JP 2015038758A JP 2015038758 A JP2015038758 A JP 2015038758A JP 2016160312 A JP2016160312 A JP 2016160312A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating
- oil
- mass
- base oil
- kinematic viscosity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical compound C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003580 thiophosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MBBWTVUFIXOUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dicarbamodithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].NC([S-])=S.NC([S-])=S MBBWTVUFIXOUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
[2]前記潤滑油基油が、40℃における動粘度が200〜600mm2/sであり、硫黄含有量が0.3〜0.9質量%である第1の潤滑油基油成分と、40℃における動粘度が200mm2/s未満である第2の潤滑油基油成分と、を含有し、基油全量を基準として、第1の潤滑油基油成分の含有量が、30〜80質量%であり、第2の潤滑油基油成分の含有量が、70〜20質量%である、請求項1に記載のギヤ油用潤滑油組成物。
[3]前記共重合体の含有量が、組成物全量を基準として、0.5質量%以上である、[1]又は[2]に記載のギヤ油用潤滑油組成物。
[4]前記性能添加剤の含有量が、下記式(1)及び(2):
CP≧0.05 (1)
7≦(CS/CP)≦20 (2)
[式中、CPは前記性能添加剤に含まれるリンの含有量を示し、CSは前記性能添加剤に含まれる硫黄の含有量を示し、CP及びCSはそれぞれ組成物全量を基準とするリン又は硫黄の元素換算値(質量%)である。]
で表される条件を満たす、[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載のギヤ油用潤滑油組成物。
[5]140℃における動粘度が6.0mm2/s以上である、[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載のギヤ油用潤滑油組成物。
[7]組成物のギヤ用潤滑油の製造のための使用であって、前記組成物が、40℃における動粘度が140〜350mm2/sである潤滑油基油と、α−オレフィンと重合性不飽和結合を有するエステル単量体との共重合体と、リン及び硫黄を含む性能添加剤と、ポリ(メタ)クリレート系流動点降下剤と、を含有する、使用。
本実施形態のギヤ油用潤滑油組成物(以下、単に「潤滑油組成物」という場合がある。)は、(A)潤滑油基油を含有する。潤滑油基油の40℃における動粘度は140〜350mm2/sである。潤滑油基油は、40℃における動粘度が上記条件を満たすものであれば、特に制限されず、通常の潤滑油に使用される基油を使用できる。具体的には、鉱油系基油、合成系基油、又は両者の混合物が挙げられる。
(1)パラフィン基系原油及び/又は混合基系原油の常圧蒸留による留出油
(2)パラフィン基系原油及び/又は混合基系原油の常圧蒸留残渣油の減圧蒸留留出油(WVGO)
(3)潤滑油脱ろう工程により得られるワックス及び/又はGTLプロセス等により製造されるフィッシャートロプシュワックス
(4)(1)〜(3)の中から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の混合油のマイルドハイドロクラッキング処理油(MHC)
(5)(1)〜(4)の中から選ばれる2種以上の油の混合油
(6)(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)又は(5)の脱れき油(DAO)
(7)(6)のマイルドハイドロクラッキング処理油(MHC)
(8)(1)〜(7)の中から選ばれる2種以上の油の混合油等を原料油とし、この原料油及び/又はこの原料油から回収された潤滑油留分を、通常の精製方法によって精製し、潤滑油留分を回収することによって得られる潤滑油
本実施形態の潤滑油組成物は、粘度調整剤として、(B)α−オレフィンと重合性不飽和結合を有するエステル単量体との共重合体を含有する。このような共重合体を(A)成分と組み合わせることにより、低温流動性を高めることが可能になる。
本実施形態の潤滑油組成物は、(C)リン及び硫黄を含む性能添加剤を含有する。
CP≧0.05 (1)
7≦(CS/CP)≦20 (2)
[式中、CPは上記性能添加剤に含まれるリンの含有量を示し、CSは上記性能添加剤に含まれる硫黄の含有量を示し、CP及びCSはそれぞれ組成物全量を基準とするリン又は硫黄の元素換算値(質量%)である。]
本実施形態の潤滑油組成物は、(D)ポリ(メタ)クリレート系流動点降下剤を含有する。このような流動点降下剤を、(A)成分、(B)成分及び(C)成分と組み合わせることによって、低温流動性を高めることができ、撹拌損失を低減することが可能となる。
本実施形態の潤滑油組成物の140℃における動粘度は、好ましくは6.0mm2/s以上、より好ましくは6.3mm2/s以上、さらに好ましくは6.5mm2/s以上、特に好ましくは6.7mm2/s以上である。潤滑油組成物の140℃における動粘度が6.0mm2/s以上であると、より良好な疲労寿命を示す潤滑油組成物が得られやすくなる。また、潤滑油組成物の140℃における動粘度は、特に制限されないが、好ましくは15mm2/s以下、より好ましくは10mm2/s以下、さらに好ましくは8mm2/s以下である。潤滑油組成物の140℃における動粘度が15mm2/s以下であると、より良好な耐摩耗性、低温流動性及び酸化安定性を示す潤滑油組成物が得られやすくなる。
表1及び表2に示すように、実施例1〜14及び比較例1〜5の潤滑油組成物をそれぞれ調製した。得られた潤滑油組成物について、耐摩耗性、耐焼付き性、疲労寿命、低温流動性及び酸化安定性を測定し、その結果を表1及び表2に併記した。
[(A)成分]
<第1の潤滑油基油成分>
基油A−1−1:溶剤精製鉱油[グループI、40℃動粘度:478.3mm2/s、100℃動粘度:31.6mm2/s、粘度指数:97、硫黄含有量:0.48質量%、流動点:−12.8℃、引火点:315℃]
基油A−1−2:溶剤精製鉱油[グループI、40℃動粘度:506.8mm2/s、100℃動粘度:32.30mm2/s、粘度指数:95、硫黄含有量:0.42質量%、流動点:−10.0℃、引火点:314℃]
<第2の潤滑油基油成分>
基油A−2−1:溶剤精製鉱油[グループI、40℃動粘度:93.31mm2/s、100℃動粘度:10.63mm2/s、粘度指数:96、硫黄含有量:0.21質量%、流動点:−12.5℃、引火点:266℃]
基油A−2−2:溶剤精製鉱油[グループI、40℃動粘度:22.7mm2/s、100℃動粘度:4.4mm2/s、粘度指数:102、硫黄含有量:0.14質量%、流動点:−14.9℃、引火点:220℃]
基油A−2−3:水素化精製鉱油[グループIII、40℃動粘度:33.97mm2/s、100℃動粘度:6.208mm2/s、粘度指数:133、硫黄含有量:10質量ppm未満、流動点:−14.9℃、引火点:220℃、%CP(パラフィン分の割合):80.6、%CN(ナフテン分の割合):19.4、%CA(芳香族分の割合):0]
基油A−2−4:ポリα−オレフィン[グループIV、40℃動粘度:31mm2/s、100℃動粘度:5.8mm2/s、粘度指数:138、流動点:−57℃、引火点:246℃]
[(B)成分]
共重合体B−1:α−オレフィンと重合性不飽和結合を有するエステル単量体との共重合体[α−オレフィン:炭素原子数12〜18、重合性不飽和結合を有するエステル単量体:α、β−エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸ジエステル、重量平均分子量:12800]
[(C)成分]
性能添加剤C−1:添加剤パッケージ(ホウ素含有コハク酸イミド、リン酸エステル、ポリサルファイド、チアジアゾール(添加剤パッケージ全量を基準として、硫黄換算量:0.4質量%)、アミン系摩擦調整剤、アミン系酸化防止剤、消泡剤)[添加剤パッケージ全量を基準として、リン元素換算量:1.40質量%、硫黄元素換算量:22.9質量%]
性能添加剤C−2:添加剤パッケージ(ホウ素系分散剤、亜リン酸エステル、リン酸エステル、ポリサルファイド、チアジアゾール(添加剤パッケージ全量を基準として、硫黄換算量:0.9質量%)、アミン系摩擦調整剤、アミン系酸化防止剤、消泡剤)[添加剤パッケージ全量を基準として、リン元素換算量:1.79質量%、硫黄元素換算量:18.1質量%]
性能添加剤C−3:ジ(n−ブチル)ホスファイト[リン元素換算量:15.5質量%]
性能添加剤C−4:ポリサルファイド[硫黄元素換算量:45.8質量%]
[(D)成分]
流動点降下剤D−1:ポリ(メタ)クリレート系流動点降下剤[重量平均分子量:46000]
ASTM D 2596に準拠し、高速四球試験機を用い、各潤滑油組成物の1800rpmにおける融着荷重(WL)を測定した。本試験においては、融着荷重が大きい(例えば、2452N以上)ほど、耐摩耗性に優れていることを意味する。
また、以下の条件により、シェル四球試験(ASTM D4172)を行い、摩耗痕径(mm)を測定して耐摩耗性を評価した。本試験においては、摩耗痕径が小さい(例えば、0.5mm以下)ほど、耐摩耗性に優れていることを意味する。
荷重:392N
回転数:1200rpm
温度:80℃
試験時間:30分間
(2)耐焼付き性試験
ASTM D3233に記載のファレックス試験機を用いて、焼付荷重を測定し、耐焼付き性の評価を行った。この耐焼付き性は、鋼同士の極圧性を示す。試験条件を以下に示す。本試験においては、焼付荷重が大きい(例えば、4000N以上)ほど、耐焼付き性に優れていることを意味する。
温度:110℃
回転数:290rpm
(3)疲労寿命試験
(a)高温転がり疲労試験
ユニスチール転がり疲労試験を用いて、以下の条件で、ピッチングが発生するまでのギヤの疲労寿命を評価した。試験条件を以下に示す。本試験においては、数値が大きい(例えば、1000分以上)ほど、疲労寿命が長いことを意味する。
試験片:スラストニードル
面圧:2GPa
油温:120℃
回転数:1410rpm
(b)FZGギヤ試験
FZG試験機を用いて以下の条件で運転を行い、歯車にピッチングが発生するまでのギヤの疲労寿命を評価した。本試験においては、数値が大きい(例えば、17時間以上)ほど、疲労寿命が長いことを意味する。
ギヤ:Cギヤ
荷重ステージ:12
油温:120℃
回転数:650rpm
(4)低温流動性試験
JIS K 2269−1987に準拠し、流動点を測定し、低温流動性の評価を行った。本試験においては、流動点が低い(例えば、−20℃以下)ほど、低温流動性に優れていることを意味する。
(5)酸化安定性試験
JIS K 2514 4.(内燃機関用潤滑油酸化安定度試験方法)に準拠して以下の条件で実施し、酸価増加を測定した。本試験においては、酸価増加が小さい(例えば、2.5mgKOH/g以下)ほど、酸化安定性に優れていることを意味する。
温度:135℃
試験時間:96時間
Claims (5)
- 40℃における動粘度が140〜350mm2/sである潤滑油基油と、
α−オレフィンと重合性不飽和結合を有するエステル単量体との共重合体と、
リン及び硫黄を含む性能添加剤と、
ポリ(メタ)クリレート系流動点降下剤と、
を含有する、ギヤ油用潤滑油組成物。 - 前記潤滑油基油が、40℃における動粘度が200〜600mm2/sであり、硫黄含有量が0.3〜0.9質量%である第1の潤滑油基油成分と、40℃における動粘度が200mm2/s未満である第2の潤滑油基油成分と、を含有し、
基油全量を基準として、第1の潤滑油基油成分の含有量が、30〜80質量%であり、第2の潤滑油基油成分の含有量が、70〜20質量%である、請求項1に記載のギヤ油用潤滑油組成物。 - 前記共重合体の含有量が、組成物全量を基準として、0.5質量%以上である、請求項1又は2に記載のギヤ油用潤滑油組成物。
- 前記性能添加剤の含有量が、下記式(1)及び(2):
CP≧0.05 (1)
7≦(CS/CP)≦20 (2)
[式中、CPは前記性能添加剤に含まれるリンの含有量を示し、CSは前記性能添加剤に含まれる硫黄の含有量を示し、CP及びCSはそれぞれ組成物全量を基準とするリン又は硫黄の元素換算値(質量%)である。]
で表される条件を満たす、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のギヤ油用潤滑油組成物。 - 140℃における動粘度が6.0mm2/s以上である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のギヤ油用潤滑油組成物。
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WO2019047038A1 (zh) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-14 | 戴文凤 | 一种馏分型双曲线齿轮油 |
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